Rural transport and older people: CARDI 2013
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Transcript of Rural transport and older people: CARDI 2013
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Preparing for change - rural transport and an ageing population Dr. Roger O’Sullivan, CARDI
30 January 2014
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Structure of presentation
1. Introduction to CARDI
2. Demographic Context
3. Ageing: Health, Wealth and Well Being
4. Transport & ageing research
5. Selection of findings
6. Concluding Comments
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The work of CARDI
• All-Ireland perspective
• Cross-discipline focus
• Promotes research to inform policy and practice
• Research Translation
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Demographic Ageing
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Success of Public Health
• In 2012 there were 273,000 (15%) people
aged 65+ in NI (NISRA).
• By 2041 the number of people aged 65+ in NI will reach almost half a million (496,000) , almost one quarter of the total population (24.5%) (NISRA).
• Average life expectancy in NI is 76.3 years for men and 81.3 years for women (NISRA).
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Population pyramid
2014 2044 1984
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Life expectancy at age 65 - NI
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Demographic change
8 Source: NISRA
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… and projected to 2056
9 Source: NISRA
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Chances of living to 100
• Born 1852: 1 in 3800
• Born 1896: 1 in 310
• Born 2013: 1 in 3
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Ageing in place sub-regional variations
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Understanding ageing
• Health
• Wealth
• Well Being & Participation
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Unhealthy life expectancy at 65 - NI
13
7.1 7.1 7.0
6.7
6.9
7.2 7.4 7.4
7.8
8.7 8.7 8.6 8.6 8.6
9.0 8.9
9.2 9.3
2000-02 2001-03 2002-04 2003-05 2004-06 2005-07 2006-08 2007-09 2008-10
Unhealthy life expectancy in NI at age 65 (years)
Male
Female
Source: ONS
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Living longer but not always healthier lives
• People in NI aged 50+ are twice as likely to report being disabled compared to ROI (Savva et al 2011).
• 18% of people aged over 50 in NI suffer from two or more chronic conditions compared to 11% in ROI e.g. diabetes, arthritis, asthma, heart disease (Savva et al 2011).
• 70% of people in NI aged 75+ report a longstanding illness (Health Survey NI 2010 – 2011).
• Currently 19,000 people with dementia in NI and rise to 60,000 by 2051 – affects 1 in 3 over 80 (DHSSPS 2010).
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Wealth
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A story of two parts
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Comparison of income of NI pensioner
couples
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Wealth - The over 50s in the UK
• Hold 60% of the UK Savings
• Represent 80% of the UK’s disposable wealth
• Responsible for 40% of consumer demand
• Spend £200 billion per year
(Source: Oxford Institute of Ageing)
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Well Being & Participation
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If you want to reach 100, start making friends now!
• “The Blue Zone - lessons for living longer from the people who have lived the longest” by Dan Buettner (2008)
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Rural social exclusion
Walsh et al. (2012) indicators of social exclusion in rural Ireland:
• security, safety and crime
• income and financial resources
• social connections and social resources
• Services
• transport and mobility
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Ageing in place
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Public and community transport for older people in rural Ireland – North & South
Methods employed:
• Literature review
• Policy review
• Interviews
• International case studies
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“Transport and mobility are an essential aspect of everyday life - they keep people connected and give them the ability to live independently. There are fears that a growing focus on strictly economic arguments will lead to a reduction in services in rural areas….” (Breen 2014).
Why this research:
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Objectives of the research:
• To analyse policy on public transport and community transport,
North and South, with a focus on older people, to identify potential strengths, weaknesses and opportunities for improving rural transport.
• To review public transport and community transport in rural Ireland, including interviews with key stakeholders, to determine what are the current successes and challenges.
• To examine current data on rural transport across the island of Ireland.
• To provide international examples of innovation in rural transport, with a particular focus on cost-neutral or cost effective solutions.
• To develop policy recommendations to improve transport in rural areas.
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Overarching findings
• At a strategic level policy and service provision needs to prepare for an ageing population
• At a local level public and community transport should recognise the increasingly diverse needs of an ageing population in terms of transport which may differ on a geographical basis
• Integration of public and community transport services can help to develop efficient and cost-effective rural transport
• Data deficits in terms of transport need addressed eg detailed information on older people’s reasons for travel and transport patterns can help inform better policy and planning; total cost of rural transport provision
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Summary of NI rural transport links
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Summary of ROI rural transport links
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Selection of findings - transport • As people age they are less likely to travel – but this
trend is very marked for people with disabilities in rural areas in ROI (NDA, 2014)
• In ROI negative perception of public transport increased as an individual’s geographic location became more rural: over 70% of the rural population reporting the local public transport system as poor compared to fewer than 20% in Dublin (TILDA)
• The lack of suitable, accessible information is one of the barriers that makes travel difficult for disabled people and older people in NI (INTAC 2012) e.g. the over-55s in NI are less likely to have broadband than those in the rest of the UK (Ofcom,2012).
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Will we drive our way out of this?
• A key challenge in providing and planning rural transport is that both in ROI and NI the majority of journeys are made by private car.
• While this does not pose a problem for people who can and want to continue to drive as they age , it is a challenge for those who do not drive or can no longer drive or have no access to a lift from family or friends.
• Concealed need, diminished or used services
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Gender and Mobility: Driving licences
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Learning from international innovation – ITN America
• Not for profit that provides door-to-door transport for thousands of older people across the US
• System is built around credits: – Older people can earn and store up in order to provide for their
own future transport needs. – Earned by volunteering, trading in your cars, gift certificates
• Older people can earn the transport that they require when they are no longer driving through volunteering. It provides a door to door service that runs 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
• Additional funding comes from corporate sponsorship, and assistance is available for older people with low incomes.
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Learning from international innovation – Transport for NSW
• Transport for NSW is an integrated transport authority in New South Wales, Australia
• All decision making for planning and policy is centralised • Organisation has control over all forms of transport • Formed specifically to challenge the “silo mentality” (where
government departments and agencies were not co-operating fully)
• Community Transport programme targets people whose access to mainstream transport services is limited by physical, social or geographical factors – Centrally co-ordinated by Transport for NSW but local
providers operate the services
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Innovation in policy – lessons for transport
• Policy decisions need to address the causes of problems in society, as opposed to addressing symptoms of a wider problem and measures are sustainable over the longer term, both socially and financially
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Recommendations: key messages
• Greater integration of existing services eg health transport, home-to-school transport , community transport
• Greater cross sectorial partnerships eg government , business and voluntary & community sector
• Increase community and passenger involvement in planning of local services
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Concluding Comments
• We need to recognise the diversity of older people’s transport requirements today and in the future
• “NI as an age friendly region” – what does this mean to transport provision
• Decreasing budgets mean better use of current resources – not easy!
• Innovation in policy and learning from international practice are vital – But: changes must be sustainable in long-term
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Follow-up
To download the full report and for more information on CARDI or on ageing research generally see www.cardi.ie
Thank you for your time and interest