Rules for driving Good driving practiceThis section describes how to do the most common driving manoeuvres safely and with consideration for other road users.Traffic signs & road markingsThis section focuses on the signs that you as a driver will come across most oftenTraffic lights & signalsThis section builds on the Traffic signs and road markings section, which covers traffic signs and road markings.Speed limitsThis section describes the rules for keeping pace in traffic and the speed limits that apply on different types of road and to different vehicles.Junctions & roundaboutsThis section outlines the correct way to approach and drive at junctions and roundaboutsParkingThis section covers the rules on parking safely.

11 Practical steps to a more optimistic attitudeLearning to maintain a positive attitude during stressful times can be challenging. It may take some time before your natural response to almost any situation is optimistic. However, when you consider both the short term and long range benefits, your efforts are bound to pay big dividends. Lets consider 10 simple steps you can start using immediately to move you in a positive direction.

1. Think Gratitude. A grateful mindset exerts a powerful influence on your outlook. Not only does it make you feel good in the moment, it also shifts your focus in a positive direction. Turn your attention toward your blessings and keep it there. As you focus more on what you are grateful for in your life (even the really small blessings!), you will worry less about anything that may be lacking. As a result, you will experience a more pervasive sense of happiness!Gratitude is not only the greatest of virtues, but the parent of all the others. ~Cicero2. Choose Happiness. Being happy is not about circumstances or any other outside force. Happiness is a decision we make. Why not make up your mind to embrace happiness, starting now? Go ahead and make a decision. Let your personal identity get all wrapped up in the concept of happiness. Fold it around yourself like a big comfortable blanket.The greatest part of our happiness depends on our dispositions, not our circumstances. ~Martha Washington3. Substitute Challenges for Problems. Subconsciously, the word problem says, Life is not as it should be. This causes our energy to be funneled toward repairing something thats gone wrong. On the other hand, the word challenge sends no such message. Instead of trying to repair a malfunction, our resources are recruited to search for a new opportunity. Seeing an experience as a challenge will focus our attention on a positive outcome.The pessimist sees difficulty in every opportunity. The optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty.~Winston Churchill4. View Life as a Journey. A journey is an adventure of discovery. When we are on a journey we dont fear change, we welcome it. We look forward to new and unfamiliar experiences. On a journey we are full of optimism because we are filled with the expectation of a wonderful adventure. This is the perfect attitude to carry with you every day.5. Stop and Smell the Roses. When you constantly feel rushed and scattered, it can be difficult to maintain an optimistic outlook. Buying out regular opportunities to focus on simple pleasures can help restore a sense of balance to your life. By pausing briefly to really taste your food or enjoy a beautiful piece of music, you remind yourself of the joy of simplicity.It is always wise to stop wishing for things long enough to enjoy the fragrance of those now flowering. ~Patrice Gifford6. Begin Your Day On a Positive Note. Find a few minutes each morning to clear your mind and then think positive thoughts about the upcoming day. Focus on the people and events that bring you joy or a sense of satisfaction. Whats your favorite part of the day going to be? Take some time to look forward to everything that you will enjoy. Now carry that feeling with you all day long, even during the less enjoyable activities. Let your optimism flow into your entire day.7. Be Positively Aware. Make it a habit to actively search for the positive side of everything. Turn it into a private game. With practice, you will be surprised how easy it becomes to see the not so obvious benefits and pleasures all around you. Being alert to the reasons for optimism also helps move our attention away from the negative side of life.When you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change. ~Max Planck8. Act Out Happy. You can use words and body language to program your nervous system. When you make a conscious effort to walk the walk and talk the talk, your feelings will soon follow. Our personal perspective takes a lot of clues from how we act. If you act like a happy optimistic person, your mind accepts that as your reality. Try it and see for yourself.9. Hang Out With Positive People. Use the power of peer influence to feed your sense of optimism. The attitude of the people around us can be a powerful force for good or bad. Seek out the company of those with a sunny disposition and let yourself be influenced by their optimism. Use the group dynamic to your benefit.10. Do A Gratitude Review Nightly. This is a great way to end your day. Before you go to bed think of at least ten things that you are truly grateful for. Let yourself feel the joy that those things bring to your life. Fall asleep reflecting on your blessings.Reflect each day on all you have to be grateful for and you will receive more to be grateful for. ~Chuck Danes11. Minimize Exposure to Negative Influences. Stop watching, reading, or listening to the news. If you can free yourself from this negative influence it will change your life. Without that pervasive daily dose of despair, you will find it so much easier to focus on positive things in life.

Stress is a part of life, a normal response to demands either emotional, intellectual, or physical. It can be positive if it keeps us alert, motivated, and ready to avoid danger. It can be negative if it becomes chronic, increasing the risk of diseases like depression, heart disease and a variety of other problems.Managing stress is key to your health. And it isn't so very difficult to do.How Does Stress Affect Health?The body's autonomic nervous system has a built-in stress response that causes physiological changes to allow the body to combat stressful situations. This stress response, also known as the "fight or flight response," is activated in case of an emergency. However, this response can become chronically activated during prolonged periods of stress, which can cause wear and tear on the body -- both physical and emotional.Stress that continues without relief can lead to a condition called distress -- a negative stress reaction. Distress can disturb the body's internal balance or equilibrium, leading to physical symptoms such as headaches, an upset stomach, elevated blood pressure, chest pain, sexual dysfunction, and problems sleeping. Emotional problems can also result from distress. These problems include depression, panic attacks, or other forms of anxiety and worry. Research suggests that stress also can bring on or worsen certain symptoms or diseases. Stress is linked to six of the leading causes of death: heart disease, cancer, lung ailments, accidents, cirrhosis of the liver, and suicide.Stress also becomes harmful when people engage in the compulsive use of substances or behaviors to try to relieve their stress. These substances or behaviors may include food, alcohol, tobacco, drugs, gambling, sex, shopping, and the Internet. Rather than relieving the stress and returning the body to a relaxed state, these substances and compulsive behaviors tend to keep the body in a stressed state causing more problems. The distressed person becomes trapped in a vicious circle.What Are the Warning Signs of Stress?Chronic stress can wear down the body's natural defenses, leading to a variety of physical symptoms, including: Dizziness or a general feeling of "being out of it" General aches and pains Grinding teeth, clenched jaw Headaches Indigestion or acid reflux symptoms Increase in or loss of appetite Muscle tension in neck, face or shoulders Problems sleeping Racing heart Cold and sweaty palms Tiredness, exhaustion Trembling/shaking Weight gain or loss Upset stomach, diarrhea Sexual difficulties Irritability, impatience, forgetfulnessTips for Reducing StressPeople can learn to manage stress and lead happier, healthier lives. Here are some tips to help you keep stress at bay: Keep a positive attitude. Accept that there are events that you cannot control. Be assertive instead of aggressive. Assert your feelings, opinions, or beliefs instead of becoming angry, defensive, or passive. Learn and practice relaxation techniques; try meditation, yoga, or tai-chi. Exercise regularly. Your body can fight stress better when it is fit. Eat healthy, well-balanced meals. Learn to manage your time more effectively. Set limits appropriately and say no to requests that would create excessive stress in your life. Make time for hobbies and interests. Get enough rest and sleep. Your body needs time to recover from stressful events. Don't rely on alcohol, drugs, or food to reduce stress. Ease up on caffeine, too. Seek out social support. Spend enough time with those you love. Seek treatment with a psychologist or other mental health professional trained in stress management or biofeedback techniques to learn more healthy ways of dealing with the stress in your life.