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�� ����� �� Roving production

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����� �� �زم ا��؟�� ��ا ����� به لحاظ كيفي . ماشين فالير ماشيني پيچيده است و سبب افزايش قيمت تمام شده مي شود

همچنين نيمچه نخ توليد شده محصولي حساس . نيز نقشي در افزايش كيفيت محصول ندارد.نسبت به پيچيدن و باز كردن است

: اما وجود مرحله توليد نيمچه نخ به دو دليل زير يك ضرورت به حساب مي آيد

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.كيلو تكس تهيه كنيم 4تكس از فتيله كشش ديده اي با نمره 20مي خواهيم نخي با نمره : فرض

4 ktex

drawn sliver

20 tex

yarn

Draft= 200

اعمال كشش باال در يك مرحله سبب افزايش نايكنواختي نخ مي گردد چرا كه مشكل.با افزايش كشش شدت پيدا مي كند (draft waves)امواج كششي

با اعمال كشش در دو مرحله، عكس گرديدن سر الياف در هنگام ورود به سيستم كشش مرحله دوم مي تواند سبب كاهش تجمع الياف شناور در نقاط خاص گردد و به

. توزيع بهتر آنها در طول نخ كمك كند

� اول� -,ود+* ا()$ل '&% زی$د # ی! �����: د� �

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4

drawn sliver

yarn

roving

Draft

10

Draft

20

كشش مرحله اول كم است تا ميزان تاب كمي براي

.نيمچه نخ الزم باشد

Fiber fineness: 1.6 dtexNo. of fibers per cross section: 25,000

No. of fibers per cross section: 2500

No. of fibers per cross section: 125

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� دوم� EF G�$HI�دن A 5 �BC$D@�ان <=>� ;:� 6789 5 4$123 ر+/.: د�

can

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TASKS OF ROVING FRAME:

1- Attenuation: drafting the sliver into roving

2- Twisting the drafted strand

3- Winding the twisted roving on a bobbin

JKL 123$4 MN$Oو

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JKL 123$4 • Roving frame / Speed frame �

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PQ&' RS=TU • Drafting system

در ماشين فالير عمدتاً از سيستم كششي و گاهي اوقات در صورت باال 3بر 3

4بر 4بودن ميزان كشش از سيستم .استفاده مي شود

Draft range: 5-20

به علت كاهش وزن خطي نسبت به فتيله براي كنترل الياف شناور به جاي

استفاده از ميله فشاري از نوارهاي (apron)الستيكي به نام آپرون

.استفاده مي شود

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The break draft can vary between 1.08

and 1.20.

However, it is advisable to keep the

break draft as

low as possible to prevent any inflation of the roving.

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MATERIAL YARN COUNT HANKTOTAL DRAFT

Cotton combed 36s to 40s 1.2 10

Cotton combed 24s to 30s 1.0 10

Cotton combed 14s to 24s 0.7 to 0.8 9

Cotton carded 36s to 40s 1.3 9

Cotton carded 24s to 36s 1.1 8

Poly/cotton 36s to 45s 1.2 11

Poly/cotton 24s to 36s 1.0 10

Poly/viscose 36s to 40s 1.0 11

Poly/viscose 24s to 36s 0.85 10

Poly/viscose 16s to 20s 0.7 8

Since modern Ring frames are capable of handling higher drafts in ring frame without quality deterioration It is better to have coarser hanks in the speed frame. This helps to increase the production in speed frame. Investment cost will also be less, because the number of speed frames required will be less and the cost per machineis also high. The following table can be a guide line for speed frame delivery hank

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With 4 over 4 drafting system, the total draft can be up to 13,

whereas in 3 over 3 drafting systems , the draft can not be more

than 11.

The Roving thickness and Roving hairiness(yarn hairiness) will be

less with 4 over 4 drafting system compared to 3 over 3 drafting

system.

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جهت متراكم كردن (condenser)استفاده از كندانسر الياف و جلوگيري از پراكندگي آنها در سيستم كششي

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Sliver trumpets (condensers) are mounted on a reciprocating bar (sliver traverse mechanism) behind the rear cylinder of the drafting arrangement. They are designed to guide the sliver into the drafting arrangement. The traverse motion spreads wear evenly over the whole width of the roller coatings.

A second sliver condenser is provided in the break draft zone, also on a reciprocating bar, and a third is located in the main drafting zone. However, the latter rests on the moving fiber strand, without being fixed. The purpose of these condensers is to control the width of the fiber strand, since during drafting it continually tends to spread out.

Spreading fiber masses are more difficult to maintain under control in drafting, and they cause unevenness. In addition, a widely spreading strand leaving the drafting arrangement results in high fly levels and hairiness in the roving, since the fibers either are not integrated (and are lost), or are held only at one end so that the second end projects as a so-called „hair“. The condensers should be adapted precisely to the volume of the fiber sliver.

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• ا()$ل Wب Twisting

(protective twist)تاب مورد نياز براي نيمچه نخ در واقع تاب محافظ به اين معني كه تنها جهت محافظت از رشته نيمچه نخ و حفظ انسجام آن تا . اشت

. رسيدن به ماشين رينگ اعمال مي شود و در استحكام نخ نهايي تأثيري ندارد

لذا بايد ميزان اين تاب حداقل ممكن باشد تا هم توليد ماشين فالير بيشتر باشد و .هم رشته نيمچه نخ به راحتي در ماشين رينگ تحت كشش قرار گيرد

البته تاب بسيار كم نيمچه نخ نيز سبب افزايش پارگي در ماشين فالير و افزايش .نايكنواختي نيمچه نخ به علت كشش كاذب آن مي شود

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.وظيفه اعمال تاب به نيمچه نخ را بر عهده دارد (flyer)پروانه .هر دور چرخش پروانه سبب اعمال يك تاب به رشته نيمچه نخ مي گردد

پروانه داراي دو بازو است كه يكي از آنها تو خالي است و نيمچه نخ از داخل آن عبور مي كند تا در برابر

نيروي گريز از مركز و جريانات شديد .هوا مورد محافظت قرار گيرد

بازوي ديگر پروانه به منظور حفظ .تعادل آن ساخته شده است

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flyer types: spindle-mounted flyers (a);

closed flyers (b);

top-mounted flyers (c).

The standard form has in the past been the spindle-mounted flyer

(a). This is simple as far as design and drive are concerned, but

not from the service point of view or for automation purposes.

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Earlier flyers were invariably

made of steel, but they are now

mostly made of light alloy

Roving frames are supplied in

the following sizes:

12˝ x 5 1/2˝ ; 12˝ x 6˝ ; 14˝ x 6˝

14˝ x 6 1/2˝ ; 16˝ x 6˝, 16˝ x 7˝

The stated sizes are actually

winding dimensions, i.e. the

maximum height (first number)

and the maximum diameter

(second number) of a wound

package of material.

Hollow leg

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New roving frames:

very smooth guide tube set into one flyer leg.

The strand is completely protected against air flows and

the roving is no longer pressed with considerable force

against the metal of the leg, as it is in the previous designs.

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Flyer top

the degree of twist

the winding tension

In old roving frames

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The presser arm

A steel yoke, the so-called presser arm, is attached to the lower end of

the hollow flyer leg. The arm has to guide the roving from the exit of

the flyer leg to the package. The roving is wrapped two (A) or three

(B) times around the yoke. The number of turns determines the

roving tension. If this is high, then a hard, compact package is

obtained. If it is too high, false drafts or roving breaks can be caused.

The number of wraps depends upon the material and twist level.

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The bobbin form

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و سرعت دوراني فالير برابر v (m/min)اگر سرعت خطي توليد برابر n (rpm) باشد، تعداد تاب اعمال شده در يك متر از نيمچه نخ از رابطه

:زير به دست مي آيد

nTPM

V=

Twist per meter

n (rpm)

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m mTPM . Nα=

e eTPI . Nα=

در اين . تاب مورد نياز براي نيمچه نخ را مي توان از يكي از دو رابطه زير به دست آورد

در دو سيستم متريك و (Twist factor)فاكتور تاب αeو αmدو رابطه . انگليسي مي باشند

Twist per meter

Twist per inch

:مقدار فاكتور تاب به موارد زير بستگي داردجنس الياف•...)طول، ظرافت، تجعد و (خواص فيزيكي الياف •

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of the holes is 8, 10 or 13 mm.

Ø 8 mm for combed cotton

Ø 10 mm for carded cotton and blendsØ 13 mm for synthetic fibres

Twist crowns

قطعات پال ستيكي شيارداري هستند كه در سر دماغه فالير به منظور ايجاد تاب مجازي .در رشته نيمچه نخ در حد فاصل بين غلتك توليد و فالير تعبيه گرديده اند

وجود اين تاب كه عالوه بر تاب حقيقي نيمچه نخ اعمال مي گردد سبب انسجام رشته و .جلوگيري از پارگي آن در منطقه حساس فوق الذكر مي گردد

.اين تاب پس از عبور نيمچه نخ از دماغه باز مي شودTwist crown

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%XYZ • Winding

در ماشين فالير، بوبين نيز عالوه بر پروانه دوران مي كند تا اختالف سرعت . آن با پروانه سبب پيچش نيمچه نخ گردد

:در حين پيچش بايد همواره رابطه پيچش برقرار باشد

سرعت خطي توليد = سرعت خطي پيچش

dدوران كند و قطر پيچش m (rpm)فرض مي كنيم بوبين با سرعت همچنين با علم به اينكه عمدتاً در ماشينهاي فالير، بوبين با سرغت . باشد

:بيشتري نسبت به پروانه دوران مي كند خواهيم داشت

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n (rpm)

m (rpm)

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سرعت خطي توليد = سرعت خطي پيچش

V ( m n ). .dπ= −

از آنجا كه قطر پيچش همواره پس از پيچش هر اليه افزايش مي يابد، لذا

در ماشينهاي فالير سرعت بوبين (m) را پس از تكميل هر اليه

كاهش مي دهند تا رابطه فوق همواره .برقرار باشد

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روش اعمال سرعت كم شونده بوبين در ماشينهاي فالير قديمي

استفاده از كله قنديكله قنديcone

حركت دهنده

حركت گيرنده

ديفرانسيل

حركت متغيرورودي

حركت ثابتورودي

Vm n

.dπ

= +

ثابت

متغير

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Total draft

change gears

Break draft

change gear انتقال حركت در ماشينهاي فالير جديد

Independent multi-motor drive

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Centrifugal tension is created at the bobbin surface as the layers are being wound and is created by the rotation of the package. Each coil of roving can be considered as a high-speed rotating hool of roving on which centrifugal tension increases with increasing diameter of the package. centrifugal tension in the roving is proportional to the square of the winding surface velocity. In this context, centrifugal force acts in such a manner as to lift the top roving strand from the surface of the package so that the radial forces within the strand that hold the fibers together are reduced and the roving can be stressed to the point of rupture. Breaks of this type may occur at the winding-on Point of the presseror in strands that have just been wound on the top surface of the package. This phenomenon is known as "bobbin-bursting". This phenomenon will be prominent if the twist per inch is less or the spindle speed is extremely high when the bobbin is big.

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Variable flyer speed

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Same flyer winding angleTwo sets of flyer trumpets with two heights.

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Flyer and spindle drive

timing belts instead of gears.

Reduction the noise level, allowing higher production speed.With no lubrication required.

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The positively driven creel, made of resistant aluminum bars with

hexagonal shape prevents false drafts on the sliver.

A set of photocell sensors placed in the creel zone to detect breakages of the slivers and immediately stops the machine.

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The grinding interval, depending on

rubber hardness

and material being processed, is

delivery row(s) 2,000 to 4,500 hoursfeed row(s) 4,000 to 9,000 hours.

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The aprons

The upper aprons are short and made either of leather or, more

commonly, of synthetic rubber. They are about 1 mm thick and are

held taut by tensioning devices (4). In contrast, the lower aprons (1)

are longer and usually made of leather, although synthetic rubber

is also used. They run over guide bars (nose bars) (3) to positions

close to the nip line of the delivery rollers. Leather aprons are

usually about 1 mm thick. The aprons cooperate with each other to

guide and transport the fibers during drafting and they exert a very

significant influence on the drafting operation. It is important that

the aprons should extend as closely as possible to the nip line of the

front rollers. The guiding length, referred to as the cradle length

(a), must be adapted approximately to the staple length.

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Cradle length (mm) Material

short Cotton up to 1 1/8˝; 40 mm synthetic fibers

medium Cotton above 1 1/8˝; 50 mm synthetic fibers

long Synthetic fibers, 60 mm

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The top aprons are forced by spring pressure against the lower aprons. The intensity of fiber clamping, and thus fiber guidance, depends upon this pressure and also upon the distance between the two aprons. The pressing effect should be considerable, but not too high, otherwise it is impossible to achieve controlled drawing of fibers out of the clamped strand.

The arrangement must also permit precise adaptation of the minimum distance to the fiber volume. In order to be able to maintain this closely defined minimum distance between the aprons, “distance pieces“ (a) of variable height are interchangeably inserted between the nose bar of the lower apron and the cradle edge of the top apron, i.e. at exit opening M.

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Quality

•elimination of manual bobbin handling

•elimination of intermediate storage, which can result in damage,

soiling and aging of the roving

•elimination of the likelihood of confusion between different roving

bobbins

•ensuring the application of the “first-in, first-out” principle

Costs

•space saving •quality assurance and enhancement

•labor savings of up to 25% compared to manual bobbin transport

by reducing physical effort, reducing the distance covered by

operating personnel, improved access to the machines and

improved ergonomics

Transport of bobbins to the ring

spinning machine

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For successful doffing, the roving end must be placed in a specific

position on the roving package. Three positions are possible :

Roving end as top bunch

Top bunch is ideal for automated roving frames with automatic

roving bobbin transport systems.

Roving end in the middle of the roving bobbin

This position is mainly used for machines with manual doffing.

Roving end as bottom bunch

Doffing

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Manual Doffing

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1. – The bobbin rail (1) moves out and at the same time the footboard is

set up. – The doffer beam with the empty tubes is lowered between

the full bobbins (2).;

2. – The empty bobbin pegs of the doffer beam grasp the full bobbins.

(All the bobbin pegs are now occupied). – The doffer beam moves up

to reversing position.

Automatic Doffing

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3. – The conveyor belt in the doffer beam moves into intermediate

position.;

4. – The doffer beam puts the empty tubes onto the spindles.;

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5. – The doffer beam moves into top position with the full bobbins. – The

slide moves in and the footboard is lowered at the same time. – The safety

zone is free again.;

6. – The bobbin rail (1) is raised to spinning start-up position. – The full

bobbins (2) are transported to the transfer station. – The roving frame

starts up automatically.

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Velcro on tubes

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Velcro on tubes

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Spindles per machine 48 - 160

Flyer rotation speed, rpm up to 1 500

Production rate, g/sp.h 250 - 2 000

Sliver hank, ktex 3.8 - 5.5

Roving hank, tex 170 - 1 500

Draft 5 - 22

Bobbin weight, kgup to 3

Technical data