Rock powerpoint
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Transcript of Rock powerpoint
Rocks
CHAPTER
thethe BIGBIG ideaidea
Rocks change into other rocks over time.
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.3.13.1
Igneous rocks form from molten rock.3.23.2
Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.3.33.3
Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.3.43.4
CHAPTER OUTLINE
NEW CHAPTER
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
A naturally formed solid that is usually made up of one or more types of minerals.
Classified by where they are found, color, texture and mineral composition
rock
3.13.1
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
rock cycle
rock
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
3.13.1
SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE
rock cycle
rock
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
Processes at Earth's surface and heat within Earth cause rocks to change into other types of rocks.
sediment
magma
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
igneous
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Rock that forms as molten rock cools and becomes solid.
igneous rock
3.13.1
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
rock cycle
rock
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Igneous Rock Textures
Glassy Shiny, looks like glass Obsidian
Fine grained Microscopic crystals Basalt
Coarse grained Interlocking crystals Granite
Porphyritic Rocky road texture Rhyolite
Texture Definition Example
* These rocks are usually defined by their textures.
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Igneous rocks form from molten rock.3.23.2
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
extrusive igneous rock
intrusive igneous rock
As molten rock cools, minerals crystallize and form igneous rocks.
Extrusive igneous rocks cool quickly at Earth's surface.
Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly within Earth.
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Igneous rock that forms as magma cools below Earth’s surface.
Slow cooling produces larger crystals.
Ex. Granite
intrusive igneous rock
3.23.2
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
extrusive igneous rock
intrusive igneous rock
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Igneous rock that forms as lava cools on Earth’s surface.
Cools faster producing smaller crystals or holes.
Ex. Basalt, pumice
extrusive igneous rock
3.23.2
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
extrusive igneous rock
intrusive igneous rock
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Rock formed as pieces of older rocks and other loose materials get pressed or cemented together or as dissolved minerals re-form and build up in layers.
sedimentary rock
3.13.1
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
rock cycle
rock
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
3.33.3
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
sedimentLayers of sedimentary rocks form as
• sediments are pressed or cemented together
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
3.33.3
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
sedimentLayers of sedimentary rocks form as
• sediments are pressed or cemented together
• dissolved minerals re-form as water evaporates
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Categories of Sedimentary Rocks
1. Clastic: made of fragments of previously existing rocks
2. Organic: formed directly or indirectly from plants or animals that were once living
3. Chemical: formed from large mineral deposits
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Clastic Rocks
• Divided into categories according to shape and size of fragments
Clastic rocks are made of fragments of previously existing rocks
Conglomerate: 1/3 of the rock contains pebbles
Sandstone: made of sand sized grains
Shale: made of particles smaller than sand
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Organic Rocks
• Limestone: contains calcite and shells. Sometimes fossils
• Chalk: fine grained limestone• Coal: formed from remains of living things
Organic: formed directly or indirectly from plants or animals that were once living
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Chemical Rocks
• Rocks that are mined from mineral deposits that formed by evaporation
• Examples: rock salt, gypsum
Chemical: formed from large mineral deposits
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Rock formed as heat or pressure causes existing rock to change in structure, texture, or mineral composition.
metamorphic rock
3.13.1
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
rock cycle
rock
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
heat and pressure
3.43.4
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.
Metamorphic rocks form as the structure of the parent rocks change and as their minerals recrystallize.
shale schist
recrystallization
metamorphism
foliation
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
The process by which bonds between atoms in minerals break and re-form in new ways during metamorphism.
Ex. Granite becomes gneiss
Shale becomes slate
Sandstone becomes quartzite
recrystallization
3.43.4 Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.
recrystallization
metamorphism
foliation
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
The arrangement of minerals within rocks into flat or wavy parallel bands (stripes); a characteristic of most metamorphic rocks.
Examples: schist, slate, gneiss
foliation
3.43.4 Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.
recrystallization
metamorphism
foliation
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
unfolliated: not banded (no stripes)
Example: marble
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
I. The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
A. Most rocks are made of minerals.
B. Our world is built of rocks.
3.13.1
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
The rock cycle shows how rocks change.
C. Rocks change as they move through the rock cycle.
2. Rocks in the Crust
1. Rock Types
rock cycle
rock
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
II. Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
A. Magma and lava form different types of igneous rocks.
B. Igneous rocks make long-lasting landforms.
3.23.2
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
1. Origin of Igneous Rocks
2. Textures of Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks form from molten rock.
1. Intrusive Rock Formations
2. Extrusive Rock Formations
extrusive igneous rock
intrusive igneous rock
3. Composition of Igneous Rocks
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
III. Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
A. Some rocks form from rock particles.
C. Some rocks form when dissolved mineralsre-form from water.
1. Forming and Transporting Rock Particles
2. Forming Loose Sediment into Rocks
3.33.3
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.
1. Coal
2. Limestone
sediment
B. Some rocks form from plants or shells.
D. Sedimentary rocks show the action of wind and water.
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
IV. Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.
A. Heat and pressure change rocks.
B. Metamorphic changes occur over large and small areas.
1. Change over Large Areas
2. Change over Small Areas
3.43.4 Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.
1. Foliated Rocks
2. Nonfoliated Rocks
recrystallization
metamorphism
foliation
C. Most metamorphic rocks develop bands of minerals.
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY