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![Page 1: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Part 2, Computing FundamentalsChapter 2, Understanding Computers
Lesson 2-1, Exploring Computer Systems
Robert Crawford, MBAWest Middle School
![Page 2: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data.
Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify appropriate input devices for
different types of data.
UNIT O BJECTIVES
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Command Handwriting Recognition System Motherboard Read Only Memory (ROM) Speech Recognition Software Stylus
KEY TERMS
![Page 4: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
A computer system is a not a single part, it is a collection of working to together to do a single job.
Parts make a whole
![Page 5: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
A computer system is a not a single part, it is a collection of working to together to do a single job.
A computing system several, different devices that perform the four basic functions of computing. . .
Parts make a whole
![Page 6: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
A computer system is a not a single part, it is a collection of working to together to do a single job.
A computing system several, different devices that perform the four basic functions of computing. . .◦ What are the four basic functions of a computer?
Parts make a whole
![Page 7: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
A computer system is a not a single part, it is a collection of working to together to do a single job.
A computing system several, different devices that perform the four basic functions of computing. . .◦ Input◦ Processing◦ Output◦ Storage
Parts make a whole
![Page 8: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Input means entering data into the computer. The most common forms of input are ◦ Text and Commands◦ Images◦ Sounds
Input devices
![Page 9: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Text and Commands◦ The most basic input device is the keyboard.
The keyboard is well suited to entering Text and commands.
Input devices
![Page 10: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Text and Commands◦ The most basic input device is the keyboard.
The keyboard is well suited to entering Text and commands.
Input devices
![Page 11: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Text and Commands◦ The most basic input device is the keyboard.
The keyboard is well suited to entering Text and commands.
◦ A command is an instruction to the computer to perform some action E.G. the print command (Ctrl+P)
Input devices
![Page 12: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Text and Commands◦ The most basic input device is the keyboard.
The keyboard is well suited to entering Text and commands.
◦ There are other means of entering Text and Commands:
Input devices
![Page 13: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Text and Commands◦ The most basic input device is the keyboard.
The keyboard is well suited to entering Text and commands.
◦ There are other means of entering Text and Commands: Speech Recognition Software Handwriting Recognition Software
Input devices
![Page 14: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Text and Commands◦ The most basic input device is the keyboard.
The keyboard is well suited to entering Text and commands.
◦ There are other means of entering Text and Commands: Speech Recognition Software
Normally requires a high quality microphone, or headset, and specialized software
Handwriting Recognition Software Normally requires a specialized tablet or paper, a stylus,
and specialized software
Input devices
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Text and Commands◦ There are means, other than the keyboard, for
entering Text and Commands: Speech Recognition Software Handwriting Recognition Software
◦ Both of these input methods are often well suited to computer users with disabilities; however, they have never worked well enough for general acceptance.
At this point, several of you will point out that your phone or tablet will allow for voice and handwriting input; yet, you still use the keyboard.
What do you think some of the problems are?
Input devices
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Other common text and command input devices:◦ Mouse
All of the mouse commands can be performed from the keyboard. Many times this faster for experienced users. Many times this is essential for users with disabilities.
◦ Trackball◦ Track pad◦ Joystick
Input devices
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Images◦ Mouse◦ Camera◦ Drawing tablet◦ Scanner
Input devices
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Images◦ Mouse◦ Camera◦ Drawing tablet◦ Scanner
Sounds◦ Microphones
Input devices
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Images◦ Mouse◦ Camera◦ Drawing tablet◦ Scanner
Sounds◦ Microphones
(No, not a digital voice recorder. A digital voice recorder performs all of the functions of a computer)
Input devices
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The data travels from one device in the computer to another through the computers motherboard (sometimes called the mainboard).◦ This board is covered with electrical devices and
switches and it connects vital pieces such as the CPU and the memory.
Processing Device
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The data travels from one device in the computer to another through the computers motherboard (sometimes called the mainboard).
Processing Device
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-motherboard-definition-function-diagram.html#lesson
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The CPU◦ The main processing (calculating) device in the
computer is called for CPU. This is short of Central Processing Unit.
Processing Devices
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The CPU◦ The main processing (calculating) device in the
computer is called for CPU. This is short of Central Processing Unit.
◦ This is the device that converts data from input devices into a form that you can use, such as: text, sound, and pictures.
Processing Devices
![Page 24: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The CPU◦ The main processing (calculating) device in the
computer is called for CPU. This is short of Central Processing Unit.
◦ This is the device that data from input devices into a form that you can use, such as: text, sound, and pictures.
◦ CPUs’ actually cannot carry out vary many different instructions, from less than 100 in a Reduced Instruction Set Chip (RISC) to only about 1000 in the most complex
Processing Devices
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The CPU◦ The main processing (calculating) device in the
computer is called for CPU. This is short of Central Processing Unit.
◦ CPUs’ actually cannot carry out vary many different instructions, from less than 100 in a Reduced Instruction Set Chip (RISC) to only about 1000 in the most complex.
◦ However, programs can combine these simple instructions into a, near, infinite combination. And, many CPUs’ can perform millions, or billions, of
these instructions per second.
Processing Devices
![Page 26: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The CPU◦ The main processing (calculating) device in the
computer is called for CPU. This is short of Central Processing Unit.
Processing Devices
![Page 27: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The CPU◦ The main processing (calculating) device in the
computer is called for CPU. This is short of Central Processing Unit.
Processing Devices
![Page 28: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The CPU◦ The main processing (calculating) device in the
computer is called for CPU. This is short of Central Processing Unit.
◦ CPU’s generate a lot of heat
Processing Devices
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RAM◦ The CPU temporarily stores on chips using
Random Access Memory.
Processing Devices
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RAM◦ The CPU temporarily stores on chips using
Random Access Memory. It is important to remember that RAM requires
constant power to remain active. Once the computer is turned off, it loses all that was
stored in RAM
Processing Devices
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RAM◦ The CPU temporarily stores on chips using
Random Access Memory. It is important to remember that RAM requires
constant power to remain active. Once the computer is turned off, it loses all that was
stored in RAM◦ Reading information from RAM is very fast.◦ Because programs are large and complex,
computers need large amounts of RAM.
Processing Devices
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RAM◦ The CPU temporarily stores on chips using
Random Access Memory.
Processing Devices
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A second kind of computer memory is read only memory (ROM).◦ These chips often contain the information needed
to start the computer (BIOS).◦ These instructions do not need to be changed
often and remain intact even when the power is turned off.
Processing Devices
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Eventually, the information needs to move outside of the computer to be useful.◦ The computer presents information using output
devices. Name some output devices.
Output devices
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Eventually, the information needs to move outside of the computer to be useful.◦ The computer presents information using output
devices.◦ When would these output devices be appropriate?
Monitor Speakers
headphones Printer
Output devices
![Page 36: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
In a previous lesson we talked about the difference between primary and secondary storage.
Storage devices
![Page 37: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
In a previous lesson we talked about the difference between primary and secondary storage.◦ Tell me about the difference.
Storage devices
![Page 38: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
In a previous lesson we talked about the difference between primary and secondary storage.◦ Primary memory is closer to the processor.
It is Faster It is more expensive
Storage devices
![Page 39: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
In a previous lesson we talked about the difference between primary and secondary storage.◦ Secondary memory is further from the processor.
It is slower It is less expensive Longer lasting
Storage devices
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In a previous lesson we talked about the difference between primary and secondary storage.◦ We are adding one more
Storage devices
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In a previous lesson we talked about the difference between primary and secondary storage.◦ We are adding one more:
Primary Secondary Off-Line
Storage devices
![Page 42: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data.
Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify appropriate input devices for
different types of data.
Things to remember
![Page 43: Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School. Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data. Distinguish between RAM and ROM. Identify.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dbb5503460f94aac69c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Key terms◦ Command◦ Handwriting Recognition System◦ Motherboard◦ Read Only Memory (ROM)◦ Speech Recognition Software◦ Stylus
Things to remember
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Make a chart comparing, and contrasting, RAM and ROM
ISS