Joanne Crawford Triple jeopardy-crawford-ACFID-uts-2013[1]

Triple Jeopardy Research

CBM Australia-Monash University-IWDA-Banteay Srei-CDPO with funding support from AusAID

Triple Jeopardy: practice implications for addressing gender-based violence for women with disabilities Jo Crawford, IWDA, Development

Futures Conference, November 2013



It’s easy to miss something you’re not looking for

http://www.awarenesstest.co.uk/video/basketball-awareness-test/



Link between disability and vulnerability to violence Substantial diversity among people with disabilities in terms

of vulnerability to interpersonal violence But, robust studies for most regions, and particularly low- and

middle-income countries, were absent (Hughes et al. 2012).

Women with disabilities (WWDs) face multiple disadvantages from interplay of gender, disability & developing world status.

Challenges such as poverty, GBV, barriers to sexual & reproductive health care are magnified by disability & gender.

Disability, gender & development



Disability, gender & development

Social model of disability: the barrier is not the disability but how society responds & accommodates– Which is deeply connected to gendered social norms &

attitudes– When gender already limits a girl or woman’s access to

education or mobility, adding disability can result in profound constraints on her ability to participate & contribute, earn & support herself



Accurate statistics on disability in Cambodia not available, but estimated at 15%

People with disabilities are among the most vulnerable groups in Cambodia

One of the few studies in Cambodia (ADB 1995) suggests an absence of WWD ‘voices’ within disability and women’s service sectors – informants say little has changed

Disability, gender & development in Cambodia

Women with disabilities in development

WWDs particularly marginalised from development WWDs are less likely to be decision makers in DPOs

– which influences organisational priorities

DPOs tend to focus on issues of common interest– not on the gendered experience of disability or the unique

barriers faced by WWDs

Needs of WWDs not well reflected by women’s orgs Limited awareness of rights, programs, services,

resources among WWDs

Globally high levels of psychological distress

10.8% of WWDs had tried to kill themselves (vs 4.5% non-disabled women)

WWDs have more limited autonomy

WWDs Without Both

Insists on knowing where you are at all times

62.2% 28.0% 36.7%

Expects you to ask his permission before seeking health care for yourself

71.1% 49.2% 54.8%

“I have never gone to the hospital even when I’ve been sick. When my wheelchair broke, I had a cart to help me travel to the central hospital when I was pregnant. Once when I was sick I asked my husband to take me to the hospital but he refused and tied up my cart so that I couldn’t go.” (IDI 3)

Shows the limitations of averages!

And why collecting data on, & disaggregating for, disability is critical

How will you know? Most women with disabilities (68%) did not tell anyone about

their experience of partner violence. If they did, it was someone close to them, not an NGO By comparison, 44% of women without disabilities disclosed

For family violence, 55% of women participants with a disability did not tell anyone – if they did, it was someone close to them, not an NGO

92% of WWD (vs 66% non-disabled) said household violence had affected their mental health

49% of perpetrators of household violence were parents

What does this mean for how you work?

Gender + disability: too many issues to think about?

Triple Jeopardy shows why taking account of gender and disability matters and how it can be done

Not rocket science, but does need intentional, systematic, consistent & coherent action, time, budget, and awareness & commitment to integrate gender & disability in a way that genuinely enables participation

Nothing about us without us

Women with disabilities as researchers Access a core criteria for office location,

training and workshop venues Pairs of researchers, to maximize safety

& increase understanding b/w CDPO & Banteay Srei re GBV & disability

Maximising opportunities for WWDs & female carers of girls with disabilities as research implementers, tool developers, training facilitators

Valuing the experience of field researchers not just their ‘data’

Field testing of tools

Inclusion in practice

Inclusion matters Involving women with lived experience of disability and gender

inequality as researchers and people with expertise is key to good research and development outcomes– especially where there is limited specialist expertise

Having women with disabilities as researchers helped ensure that participants with disabilities felt safe to talk about their experiences

Employing WWD as researchers challenged stereotypes re gender and disability



Language – a first step towards inclusion ‘People with disabilities’ has its limitations

– Suggests a single group from whom disability brings shared interests – and whose interests can be fully represented by a ‘disability’

organisation & addressed by ‘disability’ policies & programs – But how women, men, girls, boys experience their disability, & how it

impacts on their lives, is deeply influenced by other factors including gender, age, ethnicity, rural/urban context

Inclusive development requires sensitivity to difference, as well as attention to commonalities – And to the specific barriers and challenges experienced by women and

men, not just those that they have in common Language brings visibility



What does meaningful inclusion look like?

Real inclusion requires involvement in setting the agenda & the rules by which the agenda is determined– Not being invited to play in a sandpit whose boundaries are

determined by others– Real inclusion brings with it the potential for transforming the

agenda – not just adding to it Participation of those with most at stake helps in

understanding the issues & priorities & tracking progress – & supports accountability that promotes change



Tools to inform policy & practice Research report Policy brief Pamphlet for service providers Poster Community training tool

– All in English & KhmerAims: to get research out and used to transform discriminatory

attitudes of service providers and community

Community training toolDay 1: 8:15 – 4:00pm

Module 1 Introduction and pre-training testIntroduce the workshop; set ground rules; use a warm-up activity to help participants feel comfortable; test existing knowledge about disability and gender.

1h 20 mins 8:15 – 9:35

Break 15 mins 9:35 – 9:50Module 2

DisabilityParticipants understand what disability is; how disability is caused and common myths about disability; and that women with disabilities should be included in the community equally with everyone else.

2h 10 mins 9:50 – 12:00

Lunch 1h 30 mins 12:00 – 1:30Module 3

GenderParticipants understand: what is gender; that women experience certain kinds of violence and discrimination because they are women; and that we can change this.

2h 30 mins (including break)

1:30 – 4:00

Community training tool

Pamphlet for service providers



More information email: [email protected] [email protected] visit: http://www.iwda.org.au/research/triple-jeopardy/

Joanne Crawford Triple jeopardy-crawford-ACFID-uts-2013[1]

Education

Transcript of Joanne Crawford Triple jeopardy-crawford-ACFID-uts-2013[1]