Risk Ppt Petro
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Transcript of Risk Ppt Petro
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PETROCHEMICAL REFINERY
By:-
Shikha Jaglan
Abhishek MalikAmit Sinha
Abhinav Sharan
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RISK MANAGEMENT OF
PETROCHEMICAL REFINERY
INTRODUCTION In the competitive world of today, companies need safe and reliable
operations for the wellbeing of employees, people in the community and
the environment.
We need to verify or make certain that our activities are safe enough.To go further with this statement we need to ask ourselves:-
What do we mean by safe enough? How do we verify that anacceptable level of safety has been achieved
What is the metric that we use for measuring risk ?
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Why Petrochemical ?
The petrochemical process industries represent a significant contribution tothe world economy.
Equipment failures or operator errors can lead to sudden and unexpectedchanges in the plant operation.
If these disruptions to normal process operation exceed the capabilities ofthe operators or the capacity of the safety systems, a severe accident can
occur, potentially producing a devastating fire, explosion, or toxic release.
The industry is potentially more hazardous than others.
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Process Overflow
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Crude oil processing1. High Temperature
2. High Pressure
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Risk Identification
At Furnace1. BLEVE, is an acronym for "boiling liquid expanding vapourexplosion". This is a type of explosion that can occur when a vesselcontaining a pressurized liquid is ruptured. Such explosions can beextremely hazardous. "Blast Levelling Everything Very Effectively.
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2. Vapor Cloud Explosion:-(1) Sudden release of a large quantity of flammable vapor. Typically
this occurs when a vessel, containing a superheated and pressurizedliquid, ruptures.(2) Dispersion of the vapor throughout the plant site while mixingwith air.(3) Ignition of the resulting vapor cloud.
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3. Rupturing of PIPE
4. Short Circuit E.g. IOCL The fire broke out when petrolwas being transferred from depot to pipeline. There was aleak in valve of pipeline, which connected fuel tank to
distribution point. The fire caused due to short circuit.5. Contamination of storage tanks. This can happen due tocorrosion inside the tank , reaction with the underground
water (soil).This also includes spill or leak from the tank .
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Risk Assessment
ALARP-as low as reasonably
practicable
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Fault tree AnalysisExplosion in a furnace
OVER PRSSURE Source of
ignition
Electricalspark
Flamesnear
furnace
Burning
cigarette
Failure ofearthing
Inside therefinery Outside
sources
Extra
heatingof gases
Failure
of safetyvalve
Corrosion
of criticalparts ofboiler
Negligenceby
employees
Poor
maintenance
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Risk Control
The process of risk control embodies two methods:-1. Risk avoidance:-
a. Effecting changes in the nature of theorganizations activities
b. Changing the location of premises2. Risk reduction(loss prevention)Fire prevention measures:-a. safety education, increase the intensity of training
b. Most Petrochemical fire Accident that the main
factors causing fire accidents is human, material andenvironment, people are the most fundamental factor.Stringent fire safety management, standard workpractices are needed.
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Fire preventive measures contd.
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Analysis of losses
(overall)
100
16.2
15.2
7.0
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Conclusions and Recommendations
Most of the risks are very hazardous so proper
checklists should be maintained . Minimize human error by providing propertraining.
Promote ownership of machinery/furnaces
among the workers. Balance competing goals of security of supply,
affordability, meeting demand growth andclimate change considerations.
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Thank You
Any Questions?