RIMBAA Overview
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Transcript of RIMBAA Overview
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RIMBAA Overview
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René Spronk
HL7/IHE roles:•HL7 Fellow•Co-chair of the international HL7 RIMBAA Working Group•Co-chair of various Committees, HL7 Germany, HL7 Netherlands•Member of HL7 UK, HL7 FR, HL7 CH, HL7 NO•Contributor to the IHE Laboratory Technical Framework•HL7 volunteer of the year - 2008
Trainer / Senior Consultant Ringholm bvHaarlem, the Netherlands
Tel. +31 (0)318 589 789Fax: +31 (0)318 548 090
eMail: [email protected]: http://www.Ringholm.comTwitter:@Ringholm
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RIMBAA WG Activities
• The International RIMBAA Work Group
1. Promotes RIMBAA architectures , and
2. Gathers, documents and publishes best practices when it comes to the (model driven) implementation of HL7 version 3• Product presentations• Open forum discussions
• Page: http://wiki.hl7.org/index.php?title=RIMBAA
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Key Objectives
Understand some of the architectural approaches and techniques for using the HL7 RIM data model in clinical data repositories
Show some of the ‘best practices’ collected by the HL7 RIMBAA Workgroup
Note: interoperability is “out of scope” of this presentation .. and “in scope” for RIMBAA
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Scope, Origins of the
Reference Information Model
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The HL7 RIM
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RIM (1995-1999)
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Sources of the RIM: data(base) models
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..and UK / Australian national healthcare data models.
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RIM (current version, 2001+)
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The RIM as a model for persistence
All healthcare domains can be represented and integrated using one single ISO standard information model (the RIM) This means one does not have to develop and
support different databases and interfaces between systems for different healthcare domains
RIM Based Application Architecture (RIMBAA)
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RIM in UML
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Essential components of the RIM
• Class Diagram
• Constraint Language
• State transition diagrams
• Definitions (classes, attributes, ..)
• Data type definitions
• Vocabularies (notably:structural vocabularies, e.g. ActClass)
Slide courtesy of Nicolas Canu (HL7 France)
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RIMBAA
Use of RIM (-based) models
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Application Layer
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RIM – Generated Code
RIM MIF or XSD based class/code generators Includes support for constraint language
State transitions Constraint on RIM classes
Vocabulary definitions/bindings Terminology Server functionality, CTS II
Data type Custom library, partly XSD generated
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Constraint Language
To express additional constraints OCL, ADL, Gello No solution has been formally adopted
Typical (OCL) example: The Person object should have either an id or a
name context Person
inv: id.hasContent or name.hasContent
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Data Types – custom code Custom library with support for data types
Mostly: ISO data types, patched to support data types R1 as well
Relationship with Terminology Server (C* data types)
Needs custom coding: data types MIF is abstract.
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MDD - Application Generation
Software application
Software application
Generic Software Components-Terminology-Data types
Generic Software Components-Terminology-Data types
PersistenceDatabase
RIM RIM
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MDD –Prescription Example
RIM based model for Prescription
Business workflow
Exchange Pattern
Software application
Software application
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Class Generators
Class generators – XML Schema driven Every major development platform provides tools
to generate classes from XML Schemas E.g. JAXB, .NET Framework/Mono (XSD.EXE), XML
Beans…
Class Generators – Model driven Model Driven Software development
environments allow classes to be generated from (UML-) models
E.g. MARC Everest API Generator (XML ITS/RIM ITS), MDHT (for CDA)
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Example: Philips Research (1/2)
Object model of MIF was generated from the MIF schemas, including read and write methods.
MIF files are read as instances of the MIF model and mapped to object models.
Applications are built using C# classes generated from the object models.
C#SQL
XML
application
object modelgenerator object model
C#generator
MIF
XSD
HL7v3 Standard ABCD HL7v3 Generator
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Example: Philips Research (2/2)
Datatypes(R1)
RIM(2.26)
R_PatientUniversal
ClinicalStatement
R_AssignedEntity
Universal
R_AssignedPerson
Identified
R_MedicationUniversal
R_SpecimenUniversal
CMETs …..
Vocabulary
Object models generated from MIF:
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Persistence Layer
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Database models (Relational)
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RIM
LDM
PDM
RIM or RIM-based model:Conceptual Data Model
Logical Data Model•Not DBMS specific, no tables, no keys
Physical Data Model•DBMS specific, tables, keys
ORM – Object Relational Mapping
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Conceptual Data model - RIM
Enormous flexibility, at the cost of a very abstract structure. makes enforcement of data integrity rules very difficult making it
necessary to rely on stored procedures and application logic to enforce rules.
Low number of tables less programming work, easier to learn, easier to add new
functionality. More data in each table, need to tune queries.
Main use-case: If you're creating a data store for ad-hoc queries, mining
and exploration of all sorts of data from all sorts of different sources
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RIM – Interoperability Focus
Data types Defined for ‘worst case’ interoperabilty scenarios;
within one system this scenario doesn’t apply HIST<X>; other means of supporting versioning Normalization of data types
Context Conduction RIM
Lacks certain classes for non-interoperability settings; change proposals are being made
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OLTP versus OLAP
OLTP: Online Transaction Processing Persists a “stack of messages” Fast processing Query processing requires plowing through a
series of relevant transactions
OLAP: Online Analytical Processing Persists an object graph Very flexible when it comes to querying
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OLTP + OLAP
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OLAP + Data mart / view model
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User InterfaceUser Interface
View Model/Datamart
View Model/Datamart
RIM(OLAP)
RIM(OLAP)
RIM ServicesRIM Services
Events
Commands Query
View Model /Datamart
View Model /Datamart
User InterfaceUser Interface
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Data Marts
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Database Models
EAV (“RDF Triples”) Pure EAV considered to be too slow
XML Example implementation
RDBMS (ER) Focus of the presentation
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Example: RIM persistence -OntoReason / MD Anderson
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Example: IBM (1/2)
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Example: IBM (2/2)
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Example: UMCG – RDBMS & XML
● XML in column(e.g. SQL-Server 2005)
● With XPathindex columns
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Persistence LayerData Types
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Hiding the complexities of the persistence model
Goal: SQL that is based on ISO/R2 data types, and more complex class structures
Object/Relational Mapping Wrap database objects (tables, columns, fields…)
in OO classes Examples: Hibernate (Java), nHibernate (.NET),
HyperJAXB, Jakarta OJB, JPOX Type definitions in databases
User Defined Types (e.g. to hide data type specifics)
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UDT – Data Types
User Defined Types (at the DBMS level) A form of ORM at the database level
Allows for the definition of CD with SNOMED support, II with an OID check, or PQ with UCUM validation.
Native support for HL7 datatypes in SQL. Full nullFlavor support
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UDT Example: PQ
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UDT Example: IVL<PQ>
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Summary
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Who uses RIMBAA ?
• Centralized archives with medical information (research/EHR)• National Cancer Registry, USA• BioBank, UK• Philips Research, NL• CDC NEDDS, USA• DRV Bund, DE
• Toolkits for application development• PHI Technology, IT• MDHT, USA• MARC-HI Everest, CA• Oracle HTB, US• dbMotion, IL
• HIS/PAS systems• Axolotl Elysium, USA• CSC Clinical Suite, DK• Siegele Software, AT• PCS, AT
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Summary
The RIM is appropriate as a persistence model if there is a requirement for a generic data model (research, EHRs) Combine with views/datamarts for specific
domains or target audiences
Implementation of data types (library, persistence) is key
MDD (Application Generation) based on RIM-based models is definitely an option
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Any Questions ?
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