RFE/RL INC. DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSES · 9. New Year's Greetings (Gregory, Yeltsov: M, 31:00) of...

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Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 1 for 31 December 1975 and 1 January 1976 D. Felton

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian Service appears at the end of the DBA.)

A. USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL:

1. Vital Problems of the Soviet Economy No. 10 (Chianurov:M,04:30) of December 31 lists some of the economic wishes doubtless entertained by the Soviet citizens for the New Year.

2. Socio-Economic Problems No. 15 (Glasenapp: M, 09:00) analyzes the seventh hypothesis put forward by Wolfgang Leonhard in his

110 book On the Eve of a New Revolution?, namely that the Soviet regime will develop into a dictatorship of industrial managers and technocrats.

3. People and Events in Recent Russian History No. 14 (Anin: M, 09:00) continues to discuss the Russian populist movement "Narodnaya Volya." The Populists proved not strong enough to topple the Tsarist regime following the assassination of Alexander the Second and at the beginning of the twentieth century the intelligentsia began to lose faith in the popular masses.

4. Letters and Documents Nos. 1109 and 1110 (Burstein: M,29:50 and 29:55) -of December 31 and January 1 consist of readings from an account by political prisoners Boris Penson and Vyacheslav Chernoval of Life in Mordvinian Camps, as well as open letters by Penson on the Soviet regime’s anti-Semitism, and by Chernovol to President Ford.

5. Other Shore No. 557 (Lovetskaya: M, 29:10) of December 31 presents the fiftieth instalment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The Commutlist Party of the Soviet Union.

6, New York Report No. 4874 (Gittelson: 1Tf, 04:24) of December 31 describes a demonstration held outside the Soviet mission in New York on the occasion of the birthday of imprisoned Soviet human rights activist Vladimir Bukovsky by the New York Bukovsky Committee and the New York branch of "Amnesty International." The demonstration was preceded by the showing of a TV interview with Bukovsky held in 1970. The RL correspondent interviewed Pavel Litvinov Aleksandr Yesenin-Volpin and US playwright Edward Olby.

7. Culture, Events, People !--.part 1. (Galich, Yu. and L. Patich: M, 20:00) of December 31 consists of readings of poetry by Pasternak, O. Mandelshtam, Gumilev, Tsvetayeva et. al.

8. New York Report No. 4872 (Orshansky: NY, 04:00) devoted to the annual report of the US "Freedom House" organization on the state

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of civil and human rights throughout the world.

9. New Year’s Greetings (Gregory, Yeltsov: M, 31:00) of December 31 were delivered by A. Tolstaya, G. Svirsky, et.al., including RL collaborators.

10. New Year’s Concert of December 31 was given by staffers of various RL desks.

11. Economy of Modern Capitalism No. 119 (NY: Dreyer, 09:00) of January 1 discusses a conference held in Moscow last July on the subject of the US economic situation by the USSR Academy of Sciences’ USA and Canada Institute and its Institute of World Economy and International Relations. Although the conference was relatively objective, a distorted picture was given of US grain sales to the USSR.

12. In a Special Feature (M, Schlippe, 23:10) an excerpt is given of an RL Vienna interview with poetess and civil rights activist Natalya Gorbanevskaya, who recently left the USSR. The excerpt concerns the role of public opinion in defending Soviet dissidents subjected to psychiatric treatment.

13. In Journalist’s Notebook No. 87 (Skorbina: M, 09:00) a former Soviet woman journalist recalls the case of a young criminal whose attempts to go straight were not honored by the Soviet judiciary.

14. The Present Through the Prism of the Past No. 28 (Antonovich: M, 09:00) looks at the past and present role of the Orthodox Church in Russia, focussing on the schism over the issue of relations between church and state, and the church’s continued popularity despite its tutelage by the regime. A reference is also made to the remarkably small number of secret agents of the Tsarist compared with the Soviet regime.

15. Soviet Notes Na. 635 (Rudolf: M,04:40) observes on the occasion of Soviet Power Worker’s Day that despite the huge amoutt of electfic power presently generated in the USSR, the needs of the population and particularly agriculture are still not being properly satisfied, priority being given to defense and heavy industry.

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B. CROSS REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFFAIRS

I. A Discussion on Projected Changes in the Polish Constitution (V. Fedoseyev, L. Roitman: M, 05:10) (December 31). Plans to cement the4leading and directing" role of the Polish United Workers Party have provoked letters of protest by Polish intellectuals,

2. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 05:00) of December 31 is devoted to Chinese warnings on detente. The French weekly Express says any Americans accompanying Ford and Kissinger

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on their trip to China were struck at the similarity between the Chinese and US assessments of the world situation. Nouvel Observateur writes that the Chinese are probably right when they warn Europe of the Soviet threat, but are wrong in suggesting that a war over Europe between the USA and the USSR is inevit ble.

3. The Controversy Surrounding the Final Document of the Planned Conference of European Communist Countries is the subject of an Analysis (Henkin: 1vI,05:25) of December 31. The stumbling blocks to the convening of this conference were recently referred to by top Yugoslav party leader Stane Dolanc. The Yugoslays insist that the conference should refrain from criticizing individual communist parties, and that its final document consist in a short political statement. Although an article in ilovoye vremya by Boris Vesnin (a pseudonym of a prominent official of the CPSU CC’s International Affairs Department, Vadim Zagladin) appears to acknowledge the right of Western communist parties to conclude broad political alliances with other forces, the main differences remain.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Round Table Talk (Krassowski, Perouansky, Bensi, Henkin, Rehr, Garcia: M, 30) of December 31 surveyed developments in 1975 and prospects for 1976.

2. The first part of the Press Review (Rehr: M,05:00) of December 31 is devoted to Angola. The British Guardian says Angola’s African neighbors are concerned only about Angola becoming dependent on a non-African state, while South Africa wants an Angolan regime which would refrain from foreign adventures. The Guardian feels the USSR’s objective is to gain African sympathies by making Angola a springboard against South Africa, and recommends South Africa to unilaterally withdraw her forces in order to present the USSR nd Cuba as the sole interveners. The Chicago Tribune points to the split between Congress and Kissinger over US inter-vention in Angola. The Baltimore Sun urges the USA to keep out of Angola, since the USSR will sooner or later discredit herself in Africa by her intervention.

3. The World in 1975 (Bykowsky, Savemark, Henkin, Salkazanova, Matusevich, Tumanov: M, NY, 20:00) of January 1 contains reports on last year’s developments in the UN, the Middle East, the USA, Scandinavia and France.

4. Detente in 1975 is the subject of a Round Table Talk (Krasowsky, Perouandky, Bensi, Rahr, Henkin: M, 20:00) of January 1.

5. Problems of Pacific Countries No. 192 (Shilaeff: NY, 09:00) of January 1 lists the basic principles of President Ford’s new "Pacific doctrine" which he proclaimed in Honolulu on December 7,1975.

6. Helsinki and Human Rights No. 1 (R. Dudin: NY,09:00) of January 1, is the first of a new series devoted to the section

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of the final Helsinki document concerning human contacts (the so-called "third basket").

D. CULTURAL SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Europe Today No. 500 (M, S. Vardy, 09:00 and Pylayev, 04:30) of December 31 looks at the problems facing West European women parliamentarians, and West German experiments in using hot water from atomic power stations for agricultural purposes.

2. Tomorrow of the Planet Earth No. 140 (Fatrushev, M, 09:00) of December 31 discusses the possibility of worldwide direct TV broadcasts via satellite, which tAe USSR wants to restrict.

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NEWS COVERAGE

Decebber 31, 1975

Plyushch’s wife told to go to OVIR with visa documents on January 2.

Book of statements by Hoxha on ideological differences with USSR published in Albania.

US arms control association asks President Ford to state whether USSR is violating SALT agreement.

President Ford pledges strong action against terrorism.

OPEC terrorists reportedly flown to Libya.

Street fighting to reaume in Beirut; Lebanese security forces ordered to shoot any gunman still on streets of Beirut after

� 1500 CE T today.

Tito, in New Year message, pledges independent policy.

Soares, now visiting Venezuela, says next year’s elections will establish democracy in Portugal.

Algeria continues to concentrate troops along border with Morocco; Moroccan government allege USSR is urging strong Algerian action.

Guyana to grant airport facilities to Cuban planes en route to Angola; Idi Amin calla for creation of African expeditionary army to fight South Africans in Angola.

Fretilin calls for UN action to end Indonesian involvement in East Timor.

China says USSR is expanding influence in Latin America.

UK recalls ambassador from Chile to protest -torture of British woman doctor.

Bomb explosion at Argentinian army headquarters.

Hungary willing to sign agreements on humanitarian issues with Western countries.

"Prodintorg" official goes into hiding in Holland just before scheduled return to USSR.

Egyptian engineers to begin work on early warning post today.

Israeli patrol fired on from Lebanon.

Storming of Fretilin headquarters in East Timor imminent.

Venezuelan oil industry nationalization tomorrow.

20th issue of lhronicle_of Lithuanian Catholic Church arrives in West; rate or Mindaugas Tamonis.

FRG said to give more aid to East bloc than developing countries.

Die Welt makes Sakharov its "man of the year."

Fighting continues in Beirut despite ceasefire.

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PLFP leader arrives in Baghdad.

Portuguese government announces further austerity measures.

First Bangladesh ambassador to Pakistan arrives in Islamabad.

Rostropovich and Vishnevskaya to tour France.

Egyptians begin building early warning station in Sinai.

Rhodesian talks to resume in late January.

Plyushch and family given exit papers; French OP leader welcomes decision.

Spanish minister says there will be no place for communism, separatism, terrorism.

Nigeria denies plans to send troops to Angola.

Soviet ship rescues West German seamen.

Rostropovich asks Soviet authorities to extend visa.

Ford criticizes USSR over Angola.

Suharto defends Indonesian role in Timor.

France to grant independence to Afars and Issas.

Iran sentences Marxists to death for assassinations.

Bukovsky begins to lose sight.

Forster warns West over Angola.

USSR lifts restrictions on foreign newsmen.

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January 1, 1976

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World leaders’ New Year messages.

Gandhisays government set on constitutional amendments.

Mao Tse-tung says Nixon welcome to revisit China.

Ford says US will continue policy of detente despite Angola.

Kaunda condemns Soviet intervention in Angola.

USSR said to set up supra-KGB organization for discrediting of foreign political leaders.

Two dead in northern Ireland bomb blast.

Moroccan and Mauritanian heads of state confer in Rabat on Algeria and Sahara.

Miki hopeful for conclusion of friendship treaty between

411 Japan and China in 1976.

Portuguese government publishes austerity program.

China says USSR main culprit for civil war in Angola.

Algeria claims government obliged to promise release of terrorists to obtain liberation of hostages.

Americans appeal for release of Paradzhanov.

USSR denies violating provisions of SALT agreement.

Rabin to fly to US January 27 for talks with Ford.

Egyptian presidential and parliamentary elections set for October 2 and 25 respectively.

Mihajlov reported to have ended hunger strike in prison.

80 dead in Middle East airlines plane crash.

Mauritanian President arrives in Tripoli for talks.

Libyan Premier’s talks in Baghdad said to be part of drive to form "rejection front" against settlement with Israel.

16 die in Belgian cafe fire.

Portuguese President’s TV address to nation.

Egyptian lawyer attacks Algerian action in letting terrorists go free.

Thai-Laotian border reopened.

Turkey to attend proposed Balkan conference.

USSR denies charges of unfairness in Kovalev trial.

Portuguese President warns of economic crisis.

US research team in Antartica believed infected by dormant bacteria.

Baptist minister admits turning Soviet camp film over to French TV.

Austria not to change policy toward international organizations.

Al Ahram reports Libyan support of OPEC terrorists.

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Situation in Beirut reported calm.

Venezuela nationalizes oil industry.

Husak announces elections in autumn.

Indian Oongretis party ends meeting.

Immigration of Soviet Jews to Israel drops 50 percent.

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Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 2 for January 2, 1976 D. Felton

.(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian Service appears at the end of the DBA.)


1.Economists on the Soviet Economy No. 63 (Chianurov: M, 9:00) points to the "bourgeoisification" of the Soviet working class.

2.Daily Life No. 14 (Glasenapp: M, 4.:30) takes .issue with the Soviet claim of a stable ruble and 8table.prices noting that . while certain staple foodstuffs are kept verycheap by subsidization

other essential goods are excessively expensive.

3. The Role of Economic Managers No. 5 (Kazantsev: NY, 9:00) points to the CPSU’s role of arbiter between economic managers which it preserves in order to justify its existence.

4. Letters and Documents No. 1111 (Burstein: M, 29:10)excerpts the account by Soviet political prisoners Boris Penson and Vyacheslav Chernovol on Life in Mordvinian Camps,and the fourth issue of the samizdat publication Bratsky listok (Fraternal Pamphlet), published by the Council of Evangelical Christian-Baptist Churches, advising believers on how tO ’comply with

required by the Soviet, authorities.

� 5. In Kuznetsov Talk No. 130 (Kuznetsov: 1,13:30), writer Anatoliy Kuznetsov recalls how the Soviet regime abolished the traditional Christmas tree in the USSR and replaced it by the "New Year’s tree.," whose initiator, however, Postyshev, was to suffer °illegal

repression," although he was subsequently "posthumously rehabilitate

6. Man’s Inner World No. 13 (Patrushev: M, 13:30) quotes a book by British psychiatrist. William Sargant entitled Battle for the Mind in comparing the interrogation methods employed during the � Inquisition, for example, with those described by Solzhenitsyn in Gulag Archipelago.

7. In a Special Feature (Kunta: M,27:10), the 23rd instalment is given of Solzhenitsyn’s Lenin in Zurich.

8. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 143 (Henkina: M,29:10), Irina Henkinasends a New Year’s message to her Moscow Jewish friends Vladimir Slepak and Vladimir Prestin, who for six years have been -waiting for permission to emigrate, and gives her impressions of Israel.

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9. In a Special Feature (Rizer: P, 23:00), writers Vladimir

Maksimov and Vladimir Maramzin and artist Mikhail SheMyakin

give their appraisals of the Paris-based Russian newspaper

Russkaya Mysl.

10. Cultural News Briefs No. 16 (LitVinv’t Yu. Panich: M*, 8:10)

gives information from the USSR published by PoSev7 On difficulties

regarding the projected publication of the collected works of

Dostoevski.

B. CROSS REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. New York Report No. 4838 .(Shilaeff: NY, 14:00)� reviews

Sino-Soviet relations in 1975, saying that if anything., these relations took a turn for the worse, among other things,

due to the approaching inevitable power transfer in China,

and detente. China is also worried about increasing Soviet

influence in South-East Asia, Africa, India and o16her areas,

while the USSR is concerned over US-Chinese rapprochement.

2. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M,5d5) is

devoted to dissidents in the USSR and other socialist countries.

The.Hamburg weekly Zeit carries a lengthy artiCle.entitled

"She Chose Non-Freedom" devoted.to Sakharov’s.activities and

his wife’s return to the USSR. In the London Times Bernard

Levin tells of three "unknown" dissidents in the USSR, Rumania

and Czechoslovakia, pointing out that such persons must outnumber

their prominent comrades by a good thousand to one,


1. The first part of the Press Review, (Rahr: M, 5:15) is

devoted to detente. New York Times Moscow correspondent Christopher

Wen points to Moscow’s disappointment over the fact that a new

SALT agreement has not been concluded. In addition, detente

has been further complicated by S6Viet intetventiOn in Angola

and implementation of the provisions in the Helainki document

concerning human rights. The Neue Zuercher Zeitung accuses

certain Western politicians and diplomats of closing their eyes

to violations of human rights in the USSR. 410

2. New York Report No. 4837 (Dudin, BeloborodoV NY, 14:35) lists the difficulties which arose in US-Soviet detente in 1975.

\An 3.’. Analysis (Henkin: M, 5:45) points to Indications that the

USA has persuaded Israel to accept the PLO as a negotiating partner.

Miscellaneous Items. No. 75 (Predtechevsky: M, 4:30) is devoted

to the Allied air traffic control center in Berlin, which continues

to operate smoothly despite political vicissitudes.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST

-COUNTRIES:

lati a Special Feature (Yeltsov: M, 13:30), RL staffer Igor

Yeltsov talks with writer Grigoriy Svirsky on the nationality

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question in Canada.

2. Cultural News Briefs No. 16 (Litvinov, Yu. Panich: M, 8:10) contains items on the premiere in Amsterdam of an opera The Emperor of Atlantis written by two German Jews who perished in Auschwitz; US film awards; and UNESCO statistics on literature translated in 1972.

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NEWS COVERAGE

Three demonstrators killed outside Porto prison; Gomes’ New Year speech.

Pro-Indonesian leader in East Timor calls for postponement of visit by UN team.

Egyptian Foreign Minister Fahmi predicts that Geneva Mideast conference will resume in first half of 1976.

White House denies press report that CIA is financing American mercenaries in Angola.

150 IRA prisoners begin hunger strike near Dublin.

Unita and FNLA appeal for resumption of American aid; Unita says MPLA has Soviet weapons worth over 100 million dollars; Vorster urges West to prevent communist takeover in Angola.

China urges third-world oil producing countries to use oil as weapon to thwart Soviet and American war preparations.

Israeli Foreign Minister Allon reportedly seeks negotiations with Jordan and West Bank Palestinian leaders. Ł Shooting continues in Beirut after expiry of deadline for demilitarization of streets.

Pope’s New Year’s message urges speedier progress toward peace in 1976.

Fretilin claims to have halted pro-Indonesian offensive.

Bernard Levin on persecution in USSR and East Europe.

Riad says his Lebanon efforts are stymied.

Cuban emigres fight on Unita and FNLA side.

China reports 270 million tons grain harvest.

US Congresswomen meet Chinese Vice-premier and other Chinese leaders

Komoto to visit Mideast for talks on economic cooperation.

Oil consumption drops. �

Italian communists warn against political crisis.

Chinese trade delegation departs for Bulgaria.

Hungary revalues its currency by three per cent.

"Al Fatah" reports two operations against Israel.

Fretilin delegation ends visit to Peking.

Maximov, Sinyavsky, Galich call for Kondratyev to be allowed to leave USSR.

FRG criticizes Algeria and Libya over terrorist affair.

Oslo medical students protest use of psychiatry against dissidents in USSR.

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Two poems by Mao criticize Soviet revisionism.

More than 1,000 arrested in South Vietnam.

IRA hunger strike ends.

Australia announces official election results.

Bomb thrown at Oporto republican guard barracks.

SpaniSh Interior Minister says there will be amnesty for all political prisoners.

Algerian defense budget increases 20 per cett,

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Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 3 for January 3-4, 1976 D. Felton



1. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 96 (Belotserkovsky, Tenson, Roitman: M, 20) of January 3 refers to an interview given by Sakharov to the Rome journal Concretezza in which, among other things, he described representatives of ’the younger generation in the top CPSU leadership as being more conservative than Brezhnev; however, he had not lost hope in a- gradualincrease in freedom for Soviet citizens. The script notes that even the French CP is coming out in defense of political prisoners in the USSR. The text is given of the recently published appeal by Nina Bukhovskaya, mother of imprisoned Soviet human rights activist Vladimir Bukovsky,

� on behalf of her son. An article in Nachalnaya shkola is discussed which recommends teachers to keep a "pedagogical diary" on devout pupils. Attention is drawn to the postponement of pay increases for Soviet workers, which will in any case will be completely inadequate. An article in Sotsialisticheskaya zakonnost expresses concern over the danger in capitalist countries of the state using the technical faOilities at its disposal to violate citizens rights.

2. World This Week (Ryser, Savemark, Bykowsky, Mirsky, Henkin, Rahr, Chuguyev: P,W, NY, M,L, 20) reports on further harassment of Fathers Dimitriy Dudko and Gleb Yakunin, and a December 30 demonstration in front of the Soviet Embassy in London in defense of imprisoned Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky; embassy officials refused to accept a petition on his behalf.

3. Samizdat on the Air No. 5 (Burstein: M,5:15) takes issue with a claim in Literaturnaya gazeta of December 24, 1975, that con-finement in a Soviet concentration camp, far from being degrading, instils respect for the individual into offenders and helps them enhance their level of culture and knowledge. The script concludes with an announcement of upcoming RL broadcasts’of samizdat material.

4. Letters and Documents No. 1112 (Burstein: M, 23:30) gives a further excerpt from the account by Soviet political prisoners Boris Penson and Vyacheslav Chernovol of Life in Mordvinian Camps, and the text of a telegram to Brezhnev from Penson’s mother appealing for his release.

5.Religion’inthe Modern World No. 240 (Bourdeaux: M,9) gives Pentecostal ("pyatidesyatnik") Grigoriy Lavrentevich Vashchenko as an outstanding example of the repression of religion in the USSR.

6. Russia Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow No. 635 (NY: Koryakov, 13:30) recalls the traditional Russian Christmas tree, abolished after �the October Revolution but replaced in 1935 by the "New Year’s tree."

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Quotes are given from Boris Pa07arnak, Vasiliy Rozanov and Bolshevik Pavel Postyshev.

7, Lawyer’s Notes No. 81 (Roitman: M9 9) says the present . campaign in. the USSR to issue all citizens with passports by 1981 is designed to control and restrict movement to a far greater extent than in Tsarist Russia, despite official allegations to the contrary.

8. Today’s: Culture, Events, People (M,28:40) is entirely devoted to Russian poet Bergey Yesenin on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of his death. A Special Feature (Litvinov, Yu. Panicht M, 7:20) excerpts a chapter on Yesenin’s suicide and ftneral from a book by Russian-born French writer Victor Serge’antitled Le tournant obscur. In another Special Feature (M, 8), Professor Marc Slonim recalls meeting with the

Yesenin. Finally, in Writer’s Diary No, 13, (M, 13:20) Andrey Sinyavsky discUsses Yesenin’s verse on the themes of hooliganism and drunkenness.

9. In the Soviet Union in the International Arena No. 19 (Gregory, Agursky: M, 9), Professor Mikhail Agursky of Jerusalem University surveys Soviet Middle East policy in 1975.

10. Panorama (Krasowski, Zavalishin, Savemark, Davydov, Chuguyev: M9 NY, L9 20) reports on Rostropovich’s application to the Soviet authorities for a visa extension for himself and his family; celebrations in New York of the 30th anniversary of the literary journal Grani; an exhibition in Cincinnati of work by Soviet artist David Miretsky, now resident in the USA.

11. Special Feature (Kunta: M, 29:30) gives the 24th instalment of Solzhenitsyn’s Lenin in Zurich.

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12. The Ideological State of Soviet Society No. 12 (Agursky: M,9) of January 4 briefly surveys the history of the’antiLreligious campaign in the USSR, noting the role played by such poets as Demyan Bedny, Vladimir Mayakovsky and Sergey Gorodetsky, and the,,, destruction and desecration of churches in late twenties and thd. thirties. Now, the campaign is proving less effective, since more and more people, in particular intellectuals, are proclaiming their religious convictions.

13. Human Rights No.117 (Matusevich: M, 17) is a continuation of a talk with Soviet civil rights activists Vadim Delon, a participant in the August 25, 1968, demonstration on Red Square against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, who talks about dissidents in the USSR and the Soviet authorities’ tactics against them, and also refers to the joy experienced by him and his friends at Sakharov’s Nobel Prize Award.

14. Letters and Documents No. 1113 (Burstein: M, 29:05) consists in a further instalment of the account by Soviet political prisoners Boris Penson and Vyacheslav Chernovol of Life in Mordvinian Camps, and the text of an open letter by Nina Bukovskaya

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to Amnesty International in New York and the Society for Defense

of Human Rights in Frankfurt/Main asking for help for her imprisoned

son, Vladimir Bukovsky.

15. In Topic of Discussion No. 206 (Rudolf: M,18:10), 37-year-old

geologist Ya. Venkovetsky, author of the book Geology and the General

Theory of the Evolution of Nature, who has also had works shown

at art exhibitions in Leningrad and Moscow, talks about himself,

his generation, and his reasons for leaving the USSR.

16. World of Books No. 197 (V. Betaki: 14,9) ’ discusses

Yevgeniy Zamyatin’s novel We, the first anti-Utopian novel in Soviet

literature, in which he describes a world in which the communist ideal

has been implemented to perfection.

17. In a Special Feature (Weidle: P, 7:30), Russian emigre writer

Vladimit Vasilevich Weidle, president of the Paris Union of Russian

Writers, reports on the ceremonial meeting held by the Union to

mark its 50th anniversary. The text of Weidle’s speech is included.

18. In Alexander Galich at the Microphone No. 63 (Galich: M, 10), the author continues his account of a recent tour of Israel.

19. Other Shore No. 558 (Lovetskaya: M, 23:15) presents the 51st

instalment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book The Communist Party

of the Soviet Union.

20. Fifty Years Ago This Week No. 77 (NY: Hendler: 13:30) briefly

recalls some of last year’s broadcasts in this series devoted to

persons prominent in the USSR who died in 1925.


1. World This Week (Ryser, Savemark, Bykowsky, Mirsky, Henkin,

Rahr, Chuguyev: P, W, NY, M, 20) of January 3 reports on a press release by the Chinese UN mission in New York consisting in a reprint of two Hsin Hua articles descrijoing the USSR as the principle

threat to world peace and accusing hellotting to establish control

over Angola, a young country which has only just freed itself of

the colonialist yoke.

2. The Soviet Union on the International Arena No. 19 (Agursky,

Gregory: M, 9) gives an interview with Professor Mikhail Agursky

on Soviet foreign policy in 1975. Agursky says the Communist takeovers

in Indochina also have their negative aspect for the USSR in that they

have created a new independent communist center and eliminated the

last point of contact between Soviet and Chinese foreign policy.


1. In World’This Week (Ryser, Savemark, Bykowsky, Mirsky, Henkin, Rahr, Chuguyev: P,W,NY, M,L, 20) of January 3 Washington’s RL correspondent points to the White House denial that US servicemen

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or ex-servicemen are fighting in Angola or that US official agencies are recruiting or training Americans to fight there. At the same time, the USA is giving material assistance to the FNLA and Unita, being deeply concerned over Soviet and Cuban involvement in Angola. The USA has warned the USSR of the possible consequences for detente. RL staffer Semen Mirsky gives an account of the demonstration outside a prison in Porto in which Portuguese communist rebels are confined during which three demonstrators were killed. Finally, RL staffer Kirill Henkin points to indications that the USA has persuaded Israel to accept the PLO as a negotiating partner.

2.111-theSoviet Union on the International Arena No. 9 (Agursky, Gregory: M,9), Professor Mikhail Agursky says that Soviet influence in the Middle East decreased in 1975, since Arab countries became aware of the USSR’s imperialistic objectives, and the Arabs have become financially independent. The Arab terrorist organizations are now the USSR’s sole trump card.

� D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Panorama (Krasowski, Zavalishin, Savemark, Davydov, Chuguyev: M, 20) of January 3 reports on the tenth anniversary of the

launching of "Pioneer-6" which is still operational; the.annual Boat Show in London; and the institution ofa George Orwell Prize by Penguin Books,

2. In World This Week (Ryser, Savemark, Bykowsky, Mirsky, Henkin, Rahr, Chuguyev: P,W,NY,M,L, 20), RL’s Paris correspondent tells how French President Valery Giscard d’Estaing saw in the New Year with an ordinary French family.

3. Tomorrow of the Planet Earth No. 140 (Patrushev, M,9) discusses the possibility of worldwide direct TV broadcasts via satellite, which the USSR wants to restrict.*

� 3. Panorama (Krasowski, Zavalishin, Savemark, Davydov, Chuguyev: M, NY, L, 20) reports on increasing exports of Japanese cars to the USA.

4. Signal No. 357 (Predtechevsky: M, 9) of January 4 looks at Southern Asia as a potential crisis region where there is a clash of interests between various powers, in particular the USSR and India on the one hand, and China and Pakistan on the other. A frontier conflict between Pakistan and Afghanistan is also bound up with the Soviet desire to gain access to the Indian Ocean. The Afghans are also supported by the Indians.

5. A Special Feature (Glasenapp: M,6) gives a biography of the FRG’s first Chancellor, Konrad Adenatier, on the occasion of the centenary of his birth, paying tribute to his role in returning Germany to the family of free and democratic nations. Although Adenauer was always in favor of normalizing relations with the USSR, he made no secret of his antipathy towards the communist doctrine and Soviet reality.

*Please delete this item from Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 1 for 31 December 1975 and 1 January 1976, p. 4

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4. Sunday Talk No. 977 (Shmeman: NY,9) takes issue with the current false, superficial and materialistic interpretations of happiness.

5. Religion: Decline or Rebirth? No. 37 (Shmeman: NY,9) of January 4 talks about the danger to religion from idolatry, or the pseudo-absolutism of relative values. Examples are the total subordination of religion to the ideas of social and economic justice, anti-colonialism, and nationalism.

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NEWS COVERAGE January 3, 1976

Avgust Shtern appeals to Soviet leaders to release father.

White House denies US volunteers being sent to Angola.

Matritanian president returns home from Maghreb visits.

FRG report on abortive escape attempts from GDR in 1975.

Denial Rabin and Allon at variance on Palestinian question.

Sabotage ruled out in Arabian plane crash.

Palestinians claim raids into Israel.

FRG prosecutor warns of possible terror acts.this year.

New president of Comoro Islands.

Polish trawler released by US after paying fine.

Only 129500 Jews left USSR in first eleven months of 1975.

PLO condemns unauthorized terror acts. � Bulgarian OP leader satisfied with situation in Balkans.

Chile denies charges of released British doctor.

Member of Portuguese military council says emphasis will now be on building democratic society and not socialism.

Israeli chief of staff general Gur says Mideast debate in UNSC could cause deterioration in situation.

Muslims storm two prisons in Lebanon.

Maksimov, Sinyavsky and Galich call on international intelligentsia to demand release of Nekrasov’s relatives from USSR.

Commission set up to investigate allegations of torture of political prisoners in Portugal.

Crashed airliner’s black box recovered.

Rabin accuses Syria of planning to annex part of Lebanon.

30 Moroccans reportedly killed in Polisario ambush. � High winds and storms cause widespread damage in Europe.

Turkey has no prior conditions for resumption of Cyprus talks.

Israel denies forthcoming normalization with USSR.

Mao attacks Soviet suppression of nationalities.

British party leader says USSR paid African leader to support MPLA.

US official ends tour of five African countries.

FRG confident CSSR will not make financial demands in return for permission for ethnic Germans to emigrate.

January 4, 1976

Chilean generals reported calling for Pinochet’s resignation.

British Liberal Party leader says USSR paid African leader to support MPLA.

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Pretoria denies MPLA claim to have captured 100 South African soldiers.

Chilean armed forces chief resigns.

US conducts underground nuclear test.

Storm deaths and damage in Western Europe.

President Ford on use of US funds in Angola.

Israel denies Allon met with Soviet representative in Switzerland.

Israel may call for resumption of Geneva peace conference.

Israel devalues by -two percent against dollar.

Storm warnings still in force in Northwest Europe.

Polish cardinal calls for improvement of living standards.

Price rises in Hungary.

Sporadic shooting reported in Beirut.

Rabin on forthcoming UNSC Mideast debate.

43 persons injured in Belfast bombings.

Japan wants to increase oil imports from China.

USSR to hold Military exercises near Turkish border.

Representatives of third world nations to meet.

Israeli cabinet meets.

Al-Rifai holds surprise talks with Assad in Damascus.

Ratsiraka sworn in as president of Malagasy democratic republic

Plyushch to be released tomorrow.

Pollee break up Jewish seminar in Moscow.

Polish church leaders concerned by plans to amend constitution.

Ford sends Amin message.

Spanish newspapers call for announcement of reform dates.

Basque nationalists call for full amnesty.

Israeli cabinet calls for reconvening of Geneva Mideast conference.

Italy threatened with government crisis.

/-7e/11-ceL


Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 4 for January 5-6, 1976 D. Felton



1. The first part of the Tress Review (Rahr: M, 5:05) of January 5 looks at the internal political situation in USSR shortly prior to the 25th CPSU Congress. The Moscow correspondent

of Baltimore Sun points to the stable political situation in the USSR. However, while the policy of detente embarked upon following the 24th CPSU Congress will evidently be continued,

the policy of increasing production of consumer goods and slowing down the growth of heavy industry was soon given up. The correspondent quotes an unnamed party official as saying "one revolution is enough." The Moscow correspondent of the New New

York Times, Christopher Wren, feels the present Soviet leadership’s

motive in ousting Khrushchev in 1964 was to restore the stability

of the Soviet system which he had disturbed. Newsweek carries an

interview given to its Moscow correspondent by Andrey Amalrik,

who says the present generation of Soviet leaders will be replaced

by one formed during the years of Khrushchev’s debunking of Stalin.

Unless a process of democratization begins in the USSR, the USSR

will fall apart. However, a breakthrough of more liberal forces

is only possible in a crisis situation, which the West does not

want. Detente is conducive to things staying the same in the USSR.

2. In a Special Feature (Kushev: M, 15:05), Soviet poet and human rights activist Yevgeniy Kushev, now resident in Britain,

surveys the human rights scene in the USSR in 1975. Reference is

made to the Nobel Prize award to Sakharov, the sentences against Oksana Popovich, Anatoliy Marchenko, Mark Nashpits, Boris Tsitlenok,

Andrey Tverdokhlebov, etc., and protest acts by Soviet political

prisoners.

� 3. Man on the Earth No. 68 (Lobas: NY, 13:30) shows how simple calculations based on a figure given by Grigoriy Vashchenko at the

recent Supreme Soviet session revealed that last year’s Soviet harvest was only 137 million tons. Quotes Are given from Novoye

Russkoye Slovo and Solzhenitsyn’s Letter to the Soviet Leaders.

4. In Cultural Review No. 1011 (Litvinov, Agursky: M, 16:44), Professor Mikhail Agursky of Jerusalem University talks of the tremendous interest in foreign literature among,the Soviet population, which has resulted in a large black market. He notes,

among other things, that the isolation of the Soviet reader is

steadily diminishing.

5. In connection with the advent of the New Year, Radio Seminar No. 336 (Koryakov: NY, 13:30) reflects on the brutal break with past which was made in Russia following the October Revolution.

-2 -

Quotes are given from Father Georgiy Serikov, in the Vestnik

Russkogo Khristianskogo Dvizheniya published in Paris, and Berdyaev.

6. Theater Horizons No. 73 (Yelizaveta Igoshina: M, 8,20) reviews

Nikolay Matukovbky’s play Court of the Highest Instance, Which

tells the story of a law student who killed an obnoxious,

careerist comrade, and the self-recrimination of the student’s

father over his past failure to understand his son.

7. An Obituary (Lobas: NY, 9) is given of Russian-born geneticist

Professor Feodosiy Grigorevich Dobzhansky, who died at the end of

last year in the USA. Dobzhansky emigrated from the USSR in the

late twenties as a result of the atmosphere of terror connected

with the rise of Lysenkoism.

8. In Sound of Strings no. 401 (Mitina: M, 4:30), Bogdan Lazuka

sings a song by Bulat Okudzhava called "But It’s a Shame, All

the Same."

9. Basis for Hope No. 160(R. Dudin: NY, 9) of January 6 focusses

US-Soviet cooperation in environmental protection launched during

President Nixon’s visit to Moscow in 1972. The results of this

cooperation were praised by the head of the US Environmental Pro-

tection Agency, Russell Train, at the fourth session of the mixed

Soviet-US commission on environmental cooperation held last October.

10. Sociology of Sciences No. 37 (A. Vardy: M, 9) gives an

interview %Frith Viktor Faynberg on the theoretical argumentation

used by Soviet psychiatry to justify its treatment of political

dissidents. Fainberg was himself confined in a special Soviet

psychiatric hospital after participating in a demonstration on

Red Square in August 1968 against the Soviet invasion in

Czechoslovakia.

11. Problems of Labor and Democracy No. 53 (Belotserkovsky: M, 9),

concludes that in the USSR living conditions differ to a far

greater extent between major cities and peripheral regions,

�than betwe’er individual republics: The main reason is Ak

probably that sysLem encourages the concentration of economic!,

and administrative activity in major centers. In addition,

revolutions always begin in the large cities, which are also

showpieces for foreigners.

12. -Letters and Documents No. 1114 (Burstein: M, 29:10) gives

a samizdat report on the first day of the trial of 39-year-old

aeronautical engineer Lev Roytburd in Odessa last August on a

cnarge of obstructing a militiaman in the performance of his duty.

Prior to his arrest, Roytburd had been seelcing permission to

emigrate to Israel.

13. In In the Ranks No. 37 (Shchetinsky: M, 9), a former Soviet

soldier who served on the Soviet-Chinese border from 1966; to 1969

describes how an incident in which he was hit on the head by a log

which he was unloading from a railroad truck resulted in him

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and his comrades suddenly become aware of how their human dignity had been stultified by army routine.

14. In Portraits of My Contemporaries No. 2 (Kushev: M, 9), Soviet

civil rights activist Yevgeniy Kushev gives a portrait of his

comrade Yuriy Galanskov.

15. Other Shore No. 559 (Lovetskaya: M, 20:45) gives the 52nd instalment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book The Communist Party


16. In Sound of Strings No. 402 (Mitina: M, 4:30), Vladimir

Vysotsky sings the song "Kalina Krasnaya" ("The Red Snowball-Tree"),

named after the film directed by Vasiliy Shukshin,

17. A recording is given of a Christmas Church Service from

St. Serafim Church in Munich (Semenova: M, 76:28). Church

� �18.v -Singing No. 14 (Mitina: .M, 4:30) contains two items,

"Christqlas" and "Today, Our Lady..."


1. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 505) of January 5 is devoted to Sino-Soviet relations. The London Guardian

editorializes that despite the return of the Soviet helicopter

crew, China’s objective is not to seek a reconciliation with

Moscow, but to frustrate Soviet-US detente. However, in an

article in the International Herald Tribune, British journalist

Victor Zorza sees the return of the helicopter crew as a Chinese

indication to the USSR of a’ readiness to compromise on other, more

vital issues, and feels that the conclusion of a non-aggression pact

or an. agreement on the non-use of atomic weapons is a distinct

possibility between China and the USSR.


� 1. In a Special Feature (Bensi: M, 14:40), of January 5 developments in Portugal in 1975 are reviewed, in particular the abortive putsches of March and November, the April elections, and the

replacement of Prime Minister Goncalves by Azevedo. The principal

reasons for Portugal’s difficulties are the communists’ and leftist

extremists’ refusal to accept the results ’of-. the elections, coupled

with the inexperience and disarray of the democratic parties.

However, the radical reform the Armed Forces Movement carried out

at the end of the year gives certain grounds for hope for a gradual

normalization of the political situation.

2. Europe Today No. 501 (M, Chianurov: 9 amd Steckermeier: 4:30)

is devoted to the present confused political situation in Norway,

where the left has been losing ground, as well as the political

situation in Spain, where little over a month following the death

of Franco the wind of change is making itself felt. Reference

is made to the issue of legalization of the Spanish OP, whose interests have been jeopardized by the activities of their Portuguese

comrades.

-4-

3. Washington Report No. 625 (Savemark: W, 4:40) gives the substance of a report by the American National Press Club’s committee on professional relations on the White House’s information policy. The report says that although the situation has improved considerably under the Ford administration, the

volume and quality of information provided, particularly on

fokeign policy matters, still leaves much to be desired.

4. The first part of the -Press Review (Rahr: M, 4:53) of

January 6 is devoted to Angola. The Washington Star asks how

President Ford can express optimism over the situation in Angola

in view of the USSR’s clear intentions to continue supporting the

MPLA. The International Herald Tribune points to the view of

many Western specialists that the USSR aims to establish a naval

base in Angola which could control shipping lanes between South

Africa and the rest of the world. The Washington Post interprets

a January 3 Pravda article to mean that the USSR does not intend

to rush precipitately into an adventure in Angola, since it does noAk

want to risk detente and is also not happy over the rift with such W

African countries as Zaire and Zambia. A similar view is expressed

by the Christian Science Monitor and the Sueddeutsche Zeitung.

The French newspaper Aurore says what is happening in Angola does

not tie in with the slogan "Africa to the Africans!"

5. Angola is also the subject of Washington Report No. 627

(Savemark, 5), which is pegged to President Ford’s speech at an

American farmers convention in St. Louis in which he said that

continued Soviet intervention in Angola could jeopardize the

expansion of US-Soviet relations, but that the USA did not intend

to tie the issue to grain deliveries to the USSR. US optimism

following a January 3 Pravda article calling for "an end to foreign

armed intervention in Angola" was dampened by Kissinger’s apparent

failure to extract a clarifiqation of Soviet intentions from

Ambassador Dobrynin. Nevertheless, Kissinger said he was going

ahead with his trip to Moscow in two weeks time to try and break

the SALT deadlock.

6. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 4:53) is devoted

to detente. The Frankfurter Rundschau writes that as far as the

Soviet government is concerned, detente is in no small measure a

domestic problem in that the USSR: needs Western grain, technology

and credits. The Chicago Tribune says the Soviet and US leaders

interpret detente differently; for many Americans, detente means

a situation without Vietnams or Angolas or ideological warfare,

but with flourishing trade and a liberalization of Soviet society.

7. Peking and its Policy No. 354 (Shilaeff: NY, 9) concludes a dis-

cussion of President Ford’s December visit -bo China, noting that

despite differences on detente, Taiwan and Korea, Ford was able

to say that both sides had found a "common ground."

8. RL’s London correspondent reviews the major political and

economic developments in Britain in 1975 (the beginning of the

exploitation of the North Sea oilfields; �the EEC referendum;

-5-

IRA terrorism; the law on equal rights for women; the election

of Margaret Thatcher as leader of the Conservative Party; Wilson’s

visit to Moscow and Shelepin’s to Britain; etc.).

9.A roundup of events in Scandinavia during 1975 is given

by RL correspondent Matusevich (M, 4:20).

10. RL’s Bonn correspondent pays tribute to the FRG’s first

Chancellor, Konrad Adenauer, on the occasion of the centenary

of his birth (Krassowski: Bonn, 5:13). Reference is made to

CDU Chairman Helmut Kohl’s January 14 speech.


COUNTRIES:

1. We Abroad No. 13 (Igoshina: M, 13:30) of January 5 notes the shocked reaction of the French public (including the French

CP) to a brief TV film showing a Soviet concentration camp near

Riga, and the fair and humane treatment of prisoners in France.

2. Across the Ocean No. 1117 (Storozhenko: NY, 9) of January 6

tells how the US Congress ditched the supersonic passenger aircraft

project for financial and environmental reasons, and now objects

to landings of the French-British Concorde also on environmental

grounds.

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NEWS COVERAGE January 5, 1976

White House spokesman on Pravda article.

Spanish Premier forecasts four or five political parties.

Egyptian war minister on early warning post in Sinai

Algerian budget presages bigger arms purchases from

communist countries.

Iranian envoy to US warns inflation will mean higher oil prices.

Indian opposition to continue boycott of parliament.

Rhodesia denies report of imminent invasion from Mozambique.

Five dead in Northern Ireland terror acts.

Bukovsky trial dramatized at London young Vic theater.

Allon flies to Washington today for talks.

Oil-exporting and developing countries confer in Paris.

Amalrik in interview to "Newsweek" says next generation of Soviet()

leaders will be less authoritarian.

Portuguese Revolutionary Council to resume negotiations

with political parties.

Saudi Arabia prepared to contribute funds to anti-communists

in Angola.

Ford’s address to American farm bureau convention.

Dnepropetrovsk authorities refuse to release Plyushch.

Lebanese moderates against partition of country.

Britain will not lease Maltese bases after expiry of

current agreement.

British communists criticize repression of dissidents in USSR.

Hijackers seize airliner in Manila, but release passengers

TULA captures strategic FNLA base.

USSR received already 9,700,000 tons of US grain.

USSR denies persecution of dissidents.

USSR purchases at Selfridge’s for over 100,000 rubles.

Cambodia renamed "democratic Cambodia."

Former President Belaunde returns to Peru.

FRG, GDR celebrate birthdays of Adenauer, Pieck.

UK disbelieves Thorpe’s assertions.

Manila hijackers surrender. �

French CP boss against repression of dissidents in USSR.

Egypt demands resumption of Middle East peace conference

Pro-Indonesian forces capture new town in East Timor.

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Turkish-Czech talks start in Ankara.

Morocco seizes Soviet trawler with arms.

Sporadic shooting in Beirut.

New wave of violence in Ulster.

India seeks constructive relattonship with US.

Developing countries conference continues in Paris.

Soviet Jewish activists criticise Ford.

China criticises Western countries for economic ties with USSR.

Soviet economic delegation in Lissabou.

January 6, 1976

US calls on USSR, Cuba and South Africa to withdraw troops from Angola.

Sekou Toure says OAU should recognize MPLA.

Alleged Ustashi sentenced to 20 years in Yugoslavia.

Second storm hits Scandinavia.

US to use veto in UNSC if resolution hampering Mideast peace is adopted.

US denies marines landed in Angola.

FNLA denies CIA-recruited Americans fighting In Angola.

Kissinger and Dobrynin discuss Angola.

Portuguese parties reach compromise on cabinet positions and agrarian reform.

Miki says return of Kurile Islands condition of peace treaty with USSR.

Fahmi says Egyptian debt repayment linked to Soviet arms deliveries

Kidnappings and shooting reported in Lebanon.

Two Brazilian deputies removed from office for links with communist party.

Energy conference continues in Paris.

Herbert Wehner arrives in Poland for talks.

Finnish Foreign Minister confers with Gromyko.

US coast guard tries to rescue Soviet vessel.

Yugoslav weekly reports Dapcevic’s ties with underground Stalinist organization.

Pro-Indonesian forces reportedly control East Timor.

More than 4,000 communists arrested in Malaysia in last five years.

Western aid to developing countries exceeds communists’ tenfold.

-8-

East German Foreign Minister holds talks in France.

North Vietnamese Defense Minister supports Polisario.

Beirut Palestinians try to cut off Christians.

Madrid subway workers strike.

Plyushch’s wife receives offer to proceed to border.

Captain of Soviet trawler detained in Morocco refuses authorities

permission to board.

MPLA forging forward in Angola.

Portuguese Revolutionary Council members conferred with political

parties.

Situation in Ulster continues tense.

Soviets announce easing of domestic travel restrictions on

foreign journalists.

Smith-Nkomo meeting in Salisbury.

Czechoslovak-Turkish agreement signed.

Two Hungarian footballers defect to West.



(A summary of the new .:’coverage by the Russian Service appears at the end of the DBA.)


1. A review of the political scene in the USSR in 1975 (Vladimirov: M, 14:20) lists the catastrophic harvest; Shelepin’s ouster from the Politburo following a disastrous visit to Britain; Helsinki; the Nobel Peace Prize award to Sakharov; the postponement of Brezhnev’s visit to the USA as a result of the SALT deadlock; the Apollo-Soyuz flight, etc. The general atmosphere in the USSR at the end of 1975 is seen as worse than at the beginning of the year.

2. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 5:50) sees the release and expulsion from the USSR of Leonid Plyushch, and statements by Soviet Deputy Justice Minister Aleksandr Sukharev in the first issue for this year of Novoye Vremya lauding the rights enjoyed by Soviet citizens as a further sign of the USSR’s continued intention to interpret the Helsinki document in its

own special was.

3. New York Report No. 4881 (Davydov: 5:10) gives the substance

of a recent article in the New York Times by sociologist Alexander

Yanov, who emigrated from the USSR in 1974, in which he points to

a movement within the Soviet kolkhoz system to overcome its inefficiency by giving the kolkhozniki-a vested interest in the

size of the harvest.

4. Socio-Economic Problems No. 16 (Glasenapp: M,9) continues

to discuss Wolfgang Leonhatesbook on the future development of the

Soviet system entitled On the Eve of a New Revolution? The

script rejects Leonhard’s hypothesis that power could gradually

pass from the party apparatus to the "new class" of technocrats

and managers, �amd says that the emergence of an authoritarian

Russian-nationalist empire in place of the present Soviet state

would constitute a revolutionary, not an evolutionary development.

5. Soviet Notes No. 636 (Rudolf: M, 4:40) pays tribute to imprisone

Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky on the occasion of his 33rd

birthday. Greetings to Bukovsky are conveyed from Alexandra

Tolstoy, and the abridged text given of greetings from Amnesty

International published in the New York Times. A letter to

Amnesty International from Bukovsky’s mother is quoted as well as

a tribute from Russian church writer Levitin-Krasnov and a KGB

interrogator’s remark that "if I could choose a son, I would

choose Bukovsky."

6. In a Special Feature (Yeltsov: M, 18:10), Soviet writer

Grigoriy Svirsky, now resident in the West,talks about a visit

to Toronto University by a delegation of Soviet writers, and

-2-

the question of whether from the Soviet point of view such organized cultural exchanges achieve their objective.

7. People and Events in Recent Russian History No. 15 (Anin: M, 9) outlines the program of Russian Socialist -Revolutionary Party (SR), which enjoyed the greatest popular support of all the pre-Revolutionary parties.

8. The third and final instalment is given of Maksimilian Voloshin’s poem Saint Seraphim (Semenova: M, 19).


1. A Backgrounder (Mirsky: M, 3:55) previews the trial of fair "Cominformists" scheduled to begin in Belgrade on January 12. Reference is made to a statement by Reuter’s Belgrade correspondent

who quotes Belgrade "judiciary organs" to the effect that the accused had asked their Moscow sponsors whether the Soviet army would invade Yugoslavia if asked by a political grouping formed within the country. The said trial is described as a prelude to �

that of Yugoslav Stalinist leader Vladimir Dapcevic, reportedly abducted on August 9 from a Bucharest hotel.


1. The first part of the Press Review (Bensi: M,5:30) is devoted to Angola. The Baltimore Sun points to the contradiction between the USSR’s supplies of weapons and money to the MPLA and the Pravda call for "an end to foreign military intervention in Angola."

The Christian Science Monitor says the poor showing of the Cubans fighting on the side of the MPLA is one of the reasons for the �

USSR’s adopting a more.moderate stand on Angola. The newspaper feels that the passage in Pravda calling for an end to foreign military intervention in Angola and insisting that the USSR seeks no military, economic or other advantage there could mean that the

USSR is ready go agree to the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola in exchange for some kind of political concession from the

USA over Angola. The Frankfurter Allgemeine notes that while the �

US Senate, aware that a considerable section of the US population

was against a new foreign involvement of US troops, forbade Pre-

sident Ford to give further material aid to Angolan groups,

Fidel Castro had no such compunctions.

2. Washington Report No. 628 (Savemark, 4:50) reports on

President Ford’s latest TV interview broadcast by NBC in which

he stressed the US aim of an African solution to the Angolan

problem, and criticized the Jackson amendment of 1974.

3. The second part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:30) is

devoted to the Middle East. The Washington Star says some

Israeli observers feel Rabin’s statement in an interview to

the French press that Israel would be prepared to negotiate with

the PLO under certain conditions, the main one being that the

PLO should recognize Israel’s right to exist, signifies a turn-

around in traditional Israeli policy. The International Herald

-3-

Tribune sees Rabin’s failure to react to President Ford’s appeal to stop encouraging the creation of new Israeli settlements

on the Golan Heights as symptomatic of continuing US-Israeli differences. The French newspaper Echo says the search for a

formula on PLO participation in Middle East peace talks will be

the main theme of the Ford-Allon talks in Washington.


COUNTRIES:

1. Tomorrow of the Planet Earth No. 141 (Patrushev: N.9)

discusses a hypothesis by US anthropologist Robert Ardriy

which draws a parallel between the fierce resistance of "social"

animals to intrusion into their territory with the self-imposed

isolation of communist societies, where there is also "commurzil

ownership." The script refers in this connection to the Soviet

wish to impose restrictions on direct TV satellite broadcasting

contrasting with the USA’s opposition to such restrictions.

-4-

NEWS COVERAGE

Celebration of Orthodox Christmas.

Situation in Angola.

Wehner and SPD delegation in Warsaw, talk with Gierek.

Allon arrives in Washington for talks with Kissinger.

West Berlin Senate rejects Soviet demand over skating championship.

Moslems walk out of Lebanese mediation committee.

Dayan doubts any Arab state ready to make peace with Israel.

Police end sit-in by subway strikers in Madrid.

Kuweit newspaper reports Syria ready to annex Lebanon.

GDR asks West Germany to extradite escapee allegedly responsible for killing of two East German border guards.

Butz to meet Lardenois for talks on US-EEC farm problems.

Energy conference continues in Paris.

Foreign revolutionaries to be expelled from Portugal.

Four Yugoslays to stand trial for alleged anti-state activities.

More British troops sent to Ulster.

Two Soviet warships’reportedly moving towards Angola.

Pro-Indonesian government of East Timor calls on Fretilin forces to surrender.

IMF meeting opens in Jamaica.

Rhodesian negotiations continue in Salisbury.

Palestinian commandos launch new offensive in Beirut.

CIA reportedly paid six million dollars to Italian anti-communist parties.

World’s merchant navies report record tonnage for 1975.

Vladimir Bukovsky’s mother appeals to Marchais.

Italian socialists decide not to support coalition government.

Portugal refuses to commment on reports that Cuban planes use Azores as staging point en route to Angola.

Fischer and Sauvagnargues hold another round of talks.

PLO to present new plan at UNSC Mideast debate; Israeli reaction negative.

France calls for end of foreign intervention in Angola.

NATO satisfied with Soviet notification of maneuvres.

Report on future of EEC published.

Plyushch’s family leaves tomorrow for Chop.

Italian government resigns.

Cubans taken prisoner in Angola say they were duped.

-5 -Census preceding elections to be made in Vietnam next month.

West German television shows film of Soviet camps.

Soviet officials in Morocco deny detained Soviet trawler carrying arms.

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1. Helsinki and Human Rights No. 2 (R. Dudin: NY, 9) quotes passages from the Helsinki document concerning contacts between families living in different countries and examines present Soviet practice in this area. While even before the signing of the above document the USSR allowed individual emigres to visit relatives in the USSR, permission to Soviet citizens to visit relatives abroad has been granted only in exceptional cases.

In his memoirs, Khrushchev described the Politburo’s concern over Svyatosla* Richter’s possible non-return from a tour of Western Europe and the USA. Reference is made to the Soviet authorities’ refusal to allow Silva Zalma son to see her imprisoned husband Eduard Kuznetsov.

2. The second part of the Press Review (Mirsky: M, 4:50) is devoted to Soviet dissidents. The Moscow correspondent of Le Monde, Jacques Amalric, describes as petty chicanery the Soviet authorities’ sudden decision to send Plyushch under escort

to the town of Chop on the Soviet-Hungarian border instead of allowing him to go home to Kiev. Newsweek excerpts a dialogue in which otkaznik (a person denied permission to emigrate to Israel) Lev Petrovich OvOishCherrejected Minsk KGB official Pavel Pertsev’s allegation that he had been inciting Soviet Jews to emigrate to Israel. In return, Ovs1eihcherpo1nteZ1 to the anti-Semitic utterances of such persons as Belorussian poet Maksim Luzhanin and journalist V. Mikhaylov. Newsweek attributes the sharp drop of Soviet Jews emigrating to Israel in 1975 largely

to an intimidation campaign by the authorities.

3. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 4:25) sees Gromyko’s upcoming talks in Tokyo as doomed to failure due to the problem of the Kurile Islands, which the USSR refuses to return to Japan. In Japan’s favor are the USSR’s interest in Japanese cooperation

in developing the Soviet Far East, and her concern over a possible rapprochement between Japan and China.

4. Present Through the Prism of the Past No. 29 (Antonovich: MO) points to the connection between official Soviet silence over the 2nd and 3rd Comintern congresses, at which Lenin spoke of

turning the Comintern into a "single world-wide communist party,"

with the USSR’s present difficulties with certain European OPs

over the convening of a European communist conference.

-2-

5. In a Special Feature (Schlippe: M, 29:50), a further excerpt

is given from an RL Vienna interview with poetess and civil rights

activist Natalya Gorbaneliskaya, who receRtly left the USSR.

Gorbanevskaya describes her treatment i*7Kfazan special psychiatric

hospital, and explains that she left the USSR out of fear of

further psychiatric treatment.

6. In Letters and Documents No. 1115 (Burstein: M, 19) the

texts are read of an appeal and an open letter by Andrey Grigorenko

to Sakharov in defense of imprisoned Crimean Tatar activist

Mustafa Dzhemilev; and a statement by Dzhemilev to camp commander

Major Trubnikov asking for the return of papers and literature

confiscated during a searbh.

7. Resistance Literature No. 10 (Svirsky: M, 12:30) recalls the

tense, dangerous atmosphere of political repression which

characterized the early postwar years in Soviet literature,

referring in particular to the pernicious role played by Aleksanil

Fadeyev.

8. In Journalist’s Notebook No. 87 (Skorbina: M, 9), a former

Soviet woman journalist, recalling a case where an old woman

travelled thousands of kilometers to sell eggs in exchange for a

chit to buy roofing slate, but found she also had to grease the

palm of an official to get it, quotes a Pravda report showing

that bribery and the services of "private enterprise" are also

used by state organizations.

9. Other Shore No. 566 (Lovetskaya: M, 25:40) presents the 53rd



10. In the Editor’s Studio No. 6 (Fedoseyeva: M,7), the contents

are given of the first few sections of the 37th issue of the

samizdat Chronicle of Current Events.

B. CROSS REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS: �

1. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 6:20) describes how, under the

influence of French public opinion, the French CP suddenly began

to protest against political repression in the USSR. Reference is

made to the expulsion of Solzhenitsyn, the case of Leonid Plyushch,

the film on a Soviet concentration camp shown of French TV, and

the appeal to Georges Marchais by Vladimir Bukovsky’s mother

asking for help for her, son and Semen Gluzman.


1. The first part of the Press Review (Mirsky: M,4:50) is devoted

to Angola. Reports on the massive MPLA offensive in the New York

Times and the Cuban newspaper Granma generally coincide. However,

Granma makes no mention of the role played by Cuban units in the

offensive. The Stuttgarter Zeitung observes that the USSR is

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ignoring Ford’s and Kissinger’s repeated warnings against broadening its intervention in Angola, realizing that their hands are bound by the Senate, and that Ford does not want to risk detente with the USSR on account of this distant African country.

2. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 4:05) notes that on the eve of the OAU conference on Angola the organization’s members are divided on the issues of foreign involvement and recognition of the MPLA as the sole legitimate Angolan government. South Africa has reportedly announced her readiness to withdraw all her troops in Angola, and the USA calls for a stop to all foreign inter-vention and the formation of a coalition government. An appeal to this effect by Pravda is clearly not directed at the principle interveners, the USSR and Cuba. Following the US -Senate’s restrictions on financial aid to the FNLA and Unita, the MPLA has been on the adv nee.

410 3. A Tel-Aviv Report (Aleksandrovsky, 5:40) notes that on the eve of the UN Security Council’s crucial debate on the Middle East, the Israeli government and ruling party are divided on the issue of.a Middle East solution and the question of a Palestinia state, although most Israeli newspapers feel that prior to his trip to the USA Foreign Minister Allon has instructions to reject the possibility of such a state on the territory of Judea and Samaria.

4. Washington Report No. 629 (Savemark, 4:50) excerpts statements made ot an NBC discussion on detente by Son :tor Henry Jackson, Kissinger, Director of the Soviet Institute for the Study of the USA and Canada Georgiy Arbatov, and former US Defense Secretary Schlesinger. dackson said detente had so far been all in favor of the USSR, Kissinger rejected this view, Arbatov expressed hope for a positive development of detente, and Schlesinger took issue with the Soviet interpretation of detente.

5. An Analysis (Bensi: M, 6:30) is given of the government crisis

� in Italy caused by the socialist party’s withdrawal of support for the Moro government. The socialists propose a government with the participation or support of the Italian Communist Party, whose position was considerably strengthened in last year’s communal elections. The question is, whether the party’s "turning towards democracy" is genuine.

6. Problems of Pacific Countries No. 193 (Shilaeff: NY, 9) ascribes Indonesia’s military action in East Timor to the military’s view that a takeover there by the Communist-oriented FRETILIN would pose a threat to Indonesian security, especially following the Communist takeovers in Indochina.

7. A London Report (Chuguyev, 4:30) is devoted to the sending of British SAS troops to Ulster following the execution of 12 Protestant workers on their way home from work by bus. Attempts to solve the Ulster problem continue to be blocked by the Protestant majority’s refusal to make concessions to the Catholic minority, which it suspects of leaning towards the Irish Republic.

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8.Economyof Modern Capitalism No. 122 (Dreyer: NY, 9) discusses the outlook for the US economy in 1976. Although most economic indicators point to an upswing, many economists are worried over the possibility that the demand for consumer and investment

goods may prove insufficient. A lot will depend on the admini-

stration’s tax and budget policy.

9. New York Report No. 4879 (Gratzky, 4:20) reports on a recent labor forum in New York which, among other things, predicted a 10-15 percent pay hike in 1976 and an unemployment rate of about 8 percent which could prompt the trade unions to ask for a lowering of the pensionable age, more free days, etc.

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NEWS COVERAGE

Senator Bartlett reports Soviet buildup in Somalia, US Defense Department confirms buildup.

Kissinger confers with Allon.

Fighting continues around Palestinian camp in Lebanon.

Leone asks Moro to remain in office until new government is formed.

Washington Post reports Soviet vessels on their way to Angola.

Czechoslovak historian calls for reforms.

Sadat says USSR stopped all aid.

South Africa reportedly to withdraw troops from Angola within 48 hours.

Plyushch’s wife agrees to meet him Friday at border.

Angolan war reportedly swings in favor of MPLA; White House denies report that American pilots fly missions for factions in Angolan war.

Allon and Kissinger to meet again today.

New clashes between Palestinians and Christians in Beirut.

Gromyko en route to Japan for talks on peace treaty.

OAU Foreign Ministers meet to discuss Angolan conflict.

British SAS commandos sent to Ulster.

Link established between "Baader-Meinhoff" and terrorists who attacked OPEC headquarters.

Two Indonesian communists sentenced to death.

IMF committee agrees on steps to reform financial system.

Wehner ends talks in Warsaw, leaves for home.

� Marchais on differences with Soviet communists.

Polish commission for constitutional changes holds first meeting.

Anti-communist resistance still exists in South Vietnam.

Italian parties plan meetings on cabinet crisis.

Soames calls for normalization of EEC-Comecon relations.

Peres on consequences of Syrian interference in Lebanon.

Arafat receives message from Soviets re UNSC Mideast debate.

Libyan students occupy Libyan embassy in Cairo.

Representatives of Balkan countries to meet in Greece.

Bomb explosion in Portugal.

Norwegian cabinet resigns.

More Cominformists arrested in Yugoslavia.

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GDR Foreign Minister denies reports that children of defectors are farmed out to "politically reliable" families.

Norwegian armed forces will attack all unauthorized submarines in territorial waters.

Next round of SALT talks postponed.

Spanish Foreign Minister on visit to FRG.

Idi Amin calls for ceasefire in Angola.

Appointment of new Archbishop of Wroclaw.

Strikes in Spain spreading.

UDA warns full-scale civil war in Ulster only a question of time.

Chou En-lai dies of cancer.

TASS comment on forthcoming release of Plyushch.

USSR denies its ships heading for Angola.

Conference on Namibia ends in Dakar.

Thai cabinet reshuffle. Ł

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FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN RLC/RI ONLY

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 7 _forJanuary 9, 1976 D. Felton



1. The second part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:30) is devoted to Soviet trade with the West. The Frankfurter Allgemeine writes that certain Soviet leaders have begun to realize the adverse propagandistic effect of the fact that in exchange for Western technology, the USSR exports primarily raw materials; this could explain the comparatively modest Five-Year Plan targets.

2. Economists on the Soviet EconomV No. 64 (Chianurov: 14,9) winds up a discussion of Soviet oppositional author Burzhuademov’s new book Sketches of a Growing Ideology, focussing on his thesis that, under the force of circumstances, the USSR’s intellectuals and even its ruling class are slowly taking on a "bourgeois-democratic" attitude to reality.

3. The Role of Economic Managers No. 6 (Kazantsev: NY, 7) continues to present the ideas of sociologist Aleksandr Yanov, now lecturing at New York University, whose works are circulating in samizdat, focussing on his distinction between "authoritarian," "autocratic" and "totalitarian" systems, and his thesis that a restoration of Stalinism is virtually inevitable in the USSR unless the Soviet system is reorganized. -

4. Daily Life No. a5 (Glasenapp: m, 4:30) notes that while Soviet Light Industry Minister Tarasov proudly announced that his Ministry had overfulfilled the plan by 25 percent, the original plan had called for 40 percent.

5. Miscellaneous Items No. 76 (Predtechevsky: 1119 6:30) ascribes the low standard of living in the USSR (low even by Comecon standards) mainly to the priority given to heavy industry over light industry.

6. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 144 (Holtman, Avnieli, Gittelson, Voronel: M, NY, 29:10) contains an interview with former Soviet Army Lieutenant-Colonel Nakhum Olshansky in which he talks about the harassment of Jews in the USSR, a talk by Nina Voronel on the unofficial Soviet journal Yevrei v SSSR (Jews in the USSR), and news items concerning the emigration of Soviet Jews.

7. Today’s Culture, Events, People (Golomshtok, Ryser, Agursky: M, Paris, 29:10) contains a discussion by Igor Golomshtok of the work of Soviet non-conformist artist Boris Birger, a catalogue of whose works was recently issued by Michigan University; an interview with Aleksandr Glezer, who organizes exhibitions in the West of works of

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Soviet non-conformist artists; and a review of Naum Korzhavin’s play One Day in 1820, shown a few years ago in Moscow, whose theme is the complex human relationships between combatantS in. the civil war in the Ukraine.

8. The final broadcast in Along the Paths of Philosophical Choice No. 32 (Ventsov: NY, 9) gives quotes from Andrey Amalrik, Solzhenitsyn, Sakharov and Georgiy Fedotov as exemplifying the interpretation of the concept of freedom by Russian "Slavophiles" and "Westerners."


1. In the final part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:30), the French journal Nouvel Observateur points to the decreasing readiness of Western communist parties to follow Moscow’s instructions. Even the French CP recently condemned the existence of concentration camps in the USSR, and a Politburo member said that at least 80 percent of his colleagues would now condemn a Soviet invasion in � Czechoslovakia.

2. New York Report No. 4889 (Davydov, 4:30) reports on a conference in Washington at which president of the US federal commission on shipping, Karl Bakke, said that the socialist countries, in particular the USSR and Poland, were increasing their shipping capacity to such an extent that they could one day deprive US shippers of their most lucrative business and even call into question the very existence of all non-communist competitors. Hdwever, other participants were not so pessimistic, and the president of the Far East Shipping Company defended Soviet shipping ethics.

3. Two Obituaries (Rahr: M, 5:55, Shilaeff: NY, 13:30) are given of Chou En-lai.In the first, Chou is described as the architect of Chinese foreign policy. China’s aim is seen as restoring the unity of the Communist movement, but with Peking laying down the bloc’s policy and strategy. The transfer of power to a new generation of leaders in China and the USSR will hardly lead to an exacerbatill, of relations; the return of the Soviet helicopter crew suggests a certain detente.


1. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 4:55) points to the very real possibility of the disintegration of the Lebanon, particularly in view of in-dications that the conflict is between suRporters and opponents of the system of political and economic balance between Moslem and Christians. Syria has announced that it will annex a part of the Lebanon should the country disintegrate, and Israel has said that it would not remain indifferent in such a case. The.US State Department has warned both Syria and Israel against intervention.

2. The first part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:30) is devoted to the political crisis in Italy. The Rome newspaper Popolo, organ of the Christian Democrats, says the socialists’ proposal for a "government of national unity" including the Italian CP is quite

-3 -

unacceptable to the Christian Democratic Party. The French

newspaper Figaro talks of the possible destabilizing effect of

communist participation in the Italian government on the southern

flank of NATO, Yugoslavia after Tito, and Europe s a whole. The

West German Welt feels that in view of the fact that the overwhelming

majority of the Christian Democratic Party’s voters, nearly

13 million at the last municipal elections, regard the party as a

major bulwark against the communists, it would be making a big

mistake by cooperating with the latter. Either the socialists

agree to a return to the status quo, or new elections must be held.

3. Economic Observer No. 195 (Dreyer: NY, 4:30) highlights reports

on the US economic situation in the past recession year and forecasts

of a continued upswing in 1976 characterized by a higher growth

rate and a lower inflation rate, although unemployment will decrease

hardly at all.

� 4. An Analysis (Mirsky: M, 4:55) pegged to Spanish Foreign Minister

ATeilza’s visit to Bonn notes the Spanish government’s plans to

implement democratic reforms in the next two years. While Spain’s

view is that close cooperation with and even full membership of the

EEC is a prerequisite for the success of these reforms, some EEC

members insist on the reforms first.

5. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 5:20) points to Indira Gandhi’s

action in abolishing seven freedoms guaranteed by the Indian

Constitution as a further step by India towards an outright

dictatorship.

6. A Paris Report (Ryser, 4:30) notes France’s success in coping

with the economic effects of the oil crisis, and figures published

in Le Point showing a considerable reduction in the difference between

workers wages and the salatqes of managers and specialists, which

are still high, however, particularly in comparison to those

in Britain.

� 7. Washington Report No. 191 (Beloborodov, 5) notes the creation of

a research group, to be headed by ex-US Defense Minister Schlesinger,

Whose goal is to frame basic political, economic and military

elements of US strategy in the final quarter of the twentieth century.

Its findings are expected to play a role in the presidential election

campaign.

8. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 144 (Roitman, Avnieli,

Gittelson, Voronel: M,NY, 29:10) carries a news item on a planned

visit to Rumania by Israeli Prime Minister Rabin.


COUNTRIES:

1. Europe Today (S. Vardy, Pylaev: M, 9+4:30) reports on recent

research in Western Europe on the influence of heredity and

environment on intellectual ability, and lottery winners in

West Germany.

The Role of Philosophy in the Modern World No. 5 (Pyatigorsky: M,13:30)

after briefly comparing the nature of Russian Orthodox, Catholic and Protestant theology (in the USSR, theology is virtually non-existent), focusses on British bishop John Robinson’s view (expressed in his book Honest to God) that God is not supernatur

an approach which is compared to the "serious" atheism of Marx, Feuerbach and Chernyshevsky.

3. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 144 (Roitman, Avnieli, Gittelson, Voronel: M,NY, 29:10) contains a talk about the Jerusalem

cultural center by assistant to the center’s director, Nina Avnieli,

and a news item on an appeal to the Israeli government by an inter-

national committee to continue archeological excavations in Jerusalem.

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NEWS COVERAGE

TASS says Plyushch will be released due to improved health, expected to meet wife at border today.

US warns Syria and Israel not to interfere in Lebanon.

Allon and Kissinger wind up talks.

14,000 Spanish workers demonstrate in support of subway strike.

Heavy fighting reported in Beirut; Karame reportedly considers resigning.

FRG supports Spain’s bid for EEC membership.

World eaction to Chou En-lai’s death; he is to be buried January 15.

US defense department says Soviet ships head for Angola.

USSR to build power station in Greece.

Gromyko arrives in Japan for talks.

Grechko confers with East German leaders.

Special session of OAU to open tomorrow; Unita and FNLA decide not to attack MPLA positions until results of OAU session are known.

Portugal negotiating with number of countries to obtain loans.

Italy’s communist, socialist and other major parties hold meetings on cabinet crisis.

Sadat says declaration of friendship with France more important than friendship treaty with USSR.

Finland supports Soviet call to follow up Helsinki summit with more meetings.

IMF committee agrees on measures to reform monetary system.

More than 200 dissidents call for annulment of Kovalev’s sentence.

Bomb explosion in Jerusalem injures four people.

Indian government suspends seven freedoms.

Radio Vatican installing world’s largest rotating antenna.

France offers to take in Plyushch family.

Neues Deutschland slams West German television for showing film on Soviet camps.

Rude pray° accuses China of trying to provoke atomic war between US and USSR.

West German and Spanish Foreign Ministers conclude talks.

Spanish cabinet meets to discuss strikes.

Another bomb explosion in Portugal.

Libyan students end occupation of Libyan embassy in Cairo.

Kissinger and Allon have working breakfast.

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US protest to Yugoslavia re Soviet planes using Yugoslavia as stopover point for delivery of arms to ILA.

Cuban state minister confirms Cubans in Angola fighting for MCP LA .

Waldheim condemns foreign intervention in Angola..

Italian communists repeat communists should be associated with new government.

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Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. .8

for January 10-11, 1976 D. Felton

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian Service

appears at the end of the DBA.)

A. USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, - SOCIAL AND CULTURAL:

1. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 97 (Belotserkovsky,

Roitman: M, 20) of January 10 focusses on the expulsion of

Leonid Plyushch and Soviet Deputtr Justice Minister Sukharev’s

recent interview to Novoye vremya in which he denies the

persecution of dissidents in the USSR.

2. Russia Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow No. 636 (Koryakov: NY:10:40)

surveys Solzhenitsyn’s activities in 1975.

3. In a Special Feature (Ryser: Paris, 8:25), RL’s Paris

correspondent interviews Russian writer Vladimir Maksimov in

connection with a Pravda article of last December 27 entitled

"Peaceful Coexistence and Social Progress" paying tribute

to 1975, the year of Helqnki and detente. By way of contrast,

the script ends by givingxvoice clip of Solzhenitsyn’s statements

on US-Soviet detente made last June 30 at a New York banquet

given in his honor by the AFL-CIO.

4. This week’s Panorama (Salkazanova, Zavalishim, Krasowsky,

Chuguyev, Kozhevnikuva: Paris, NY, London, M, 20) contains

items on a Paris Match article on poetess Natalya Gorbanevskaya,

who has just left the USSR; and an exhibition in San Francisco

of the works of Soviet non-conformist artist Solomon Shipman.

� 5. Letters and Documents No. 1116 (Burstein: M, 19:20) gives

-6he text of a Testimony by Crimean Tatar Vladimir Dvoryansky, one

of the fellow-prisoners of Crimean Tatar activist Mustafa

Dzhemilev in an Omsk concentration camp, in which he tells how he

was asked by a KGB official to keep tabs on Dzhemilev.

6. In the Editor’s Studio No. 7 (Fedoseyeva, Vetrov: M,8) is

devoted to the creation of the World Council of Churches, its

functions, the appealby Gleb Yakunin and Lev Regelson to the

Council’s Fifth Assembly and reaction to the appeal.

7. Lawyer’s Notes No. 82 (Roitman: M,9) contrasts the use of the

death penalty in the USSR even against persons convicted of purely

economic crimes with the situation in Western countries, in many

of which the death penalty has been abolished. The show is pegged

to a recent report in Bakinsky rabochy on death sentences handed

out to five "economic criminals" by Baku city court. Reference

Is also made to the retroactive use of the death penalty against

Rokotov and Faynberg in 1961.

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8. In a Special Feature (Agursky: M, 14:12) synopses are

given of humorous sketches of imaginary characters in a so

far unpublished collection entitled A Modern Plutarch

authored by inmates of Vladimir prison.

9. Betaki on Poetry No. 89 (Betaki: M, 7:45) discusses the work

of Yelena Ignatova, one of the most promising poets to

appear on the Soviet poetry scene in recent years.

10. Leafing Through Journals No. 18 (Muravina: M, 9) discusses

a novel entitled The Friends by,Grigoriy Baklanov published in

issues two and three of Novy mi’V for last year wilich portrays

the stultifying effect of Soviet bureaucracy on creativity and

the petty arrogance and high-handedness of local officials.

11. In Awakening No. 10 (Petrovsky: M, 8:30) writer Aleksey

Petrovsky describes a visit to one of Russia’s holy places, the

now derelict and almost forgotten monastery at Optina.

12. Other Shore No. 561 (Kunta: M,29:40)presents the

54th ivstalment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book The

Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

13. A Special Feature (Golomshtok: M, 7:40) is devoted

to the centenary of the birth of Russian artist Mstislav

Valerianovich Dqbuzhinsky, celebrated in particular by an

exhibition of his works in Oxford (UK). Dobuzhinfiky left

the USSR in 1924 after his work had been branded as "bourgeois."

14. In Galich Presents No. 64 (Galich, Yu. Panich: M, 14) of

January 11, Alexander Galich talks about the Soviet singer

Larisa Mondrus, now in the West.

15. Fifty Years Ago This Week No. 78 (Hendler: NY, 13:30)

recalls a feuilleton by Mikhail Koltsov published in Pravda .

.in early January, 1926, depicting the communist paradise which �

would exist 50 years later. Koltsov was arrested in 1939 on

a charge of being a German spy, and died during. imprisonment.

16. The Ideological State of Soviet Society No. 13 (Agursky: 14,9)

surveys the massive persecutions of the Russian Orthodox Church

by the Soviet authorities following the October Revolution which.

ended in the apparent virtually total destruction of the Church

at the end of the thirties.

17. In Camp Topics No. 7 (Levitin-Krasnbv: M, 9), Russian

church writer Anatoliy Levitin-Krasnov gives a. portrait of

Pavel Makarovich Gladky, a doctor i.sentenced to 20 years in.’8oViet

concentration camps merely on the grounds he had lived abroad

before the Revolution. Gladky,. who made no secret of his

contempt for the regime, won the respect of both fellow-prisoners

and guards alike.

a

B. CROSS REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS’OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The Soviet Union on the International Arena No. 20 -

(Agursky, Gregory: M, 9) of January 10 discusses relations in

1975 between the CPSU and other communist parties, in particular

preparations for the European communist conference.

2. This week’s Round Table Discussion. (Krasowsky, Rahr,

Predtechevsky, Henkin: M, 20) is devoted to the political

consequences of Chou En-lai’s death. �

3. World Last Week No. 282 (S4temark, Davydov, Dudin, Mirsky,

Salkazanova, Bensi: Washington, New York, Paris, M, 20) contains

items on the death of Chou En-lai; Gromyko’s visit to Japan;

and differences between the French CP and the CPSU exemplified

by Georges Marchais’ recent rejection of the need for a dictatorship

of the proletariat, and the French CP’s condemnation of political

repression in the USSR.

4. }Daman Rights No. 118 (Fedoseyev:

at the.Polish United Workers Party’s

the Polish Constitution an amendment

"guiding role" in the state..

5. Signal No. 358 (Predtechevsky: M, 9) gives facts and

figures on the Chinese armed forces, comparing their strength

with that of the Soviet and US armed forces. In particular, it

is noted that while Chinese defensive capacity matches that of

the USSR and USA, it will be at least 10-15 years before China

acquires a sizeable offensive capacity.

�6. In connection with the festival of GDR art held last

November in Moscow, Theater Horizons No. 74 (Yelizaveta Igoshina:

14, 7:40) says that what is presented as "GDR art" is in fact

Soviet in character, the language being the only national element

in it. In addition, the works of such classic, writers as Schiller,

Hauptmann and Brecht are passed off as "GDR art."


1. World Last Week No. 282 (Savemark,Dlivydov, Dudin, Mirsky,

Salkazanova, Bensi: Washington, New York, Paris, M: 20) of

January 10 contains items op Israeli :ftreign Minister Allon’s visit

to Washington, the situation in Angola, and the resignation of

the Italian government.

2. American Panorama No. 105 (Storozhenko: NY, 9) contains items

on opposition to and disillusionment with detente in US political,

trade union and military circles; a new computer for taking the

census of the 135 population; and Czech women tennis star Martina

Navratilova’s reasons for settling in the USA.

D. CULTURAL,’SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The January 10 Panorama (Salkazanova, Zavalishin, Krassowsky,

Chuguyev, Kozhevnikova: Paris, NY, London, M, 20) contains

M,9) of January 11, looks

proposal to introduce into

proclaiming the Party’s

’103;i14.1;"4, p: I., Ł

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items on: a book on Thai murals; the French government’s

attempt to keep French free of foreign, especially English,

words; a report by the World Meteorological Organization -

on the danger to the earth’s ozone shield posed by the use

of aerosols; a planned Anglo-Japanese reconciliation march

over the bridge over the River Kwai; the discovery of antique

art objects in Capri’s Blue Grotto; a treature hunt off New

Zealand; the discovery of blood corpuscles in an Egyptian

mummy; and the erection of a statue of Charlie Chaplin in Oslo.

2. In Sunday Talk No. 978 (Sh .man: NY, 9) Father Alexander

emphasizes the need for the "li t bf true reasonm in the

troubled world of today as opposed to the kind of "reason"

responsible for such phenomena as the Gulag archipelago.

3. World of Books No. 198 (Slonim: M, 6:40) of January 11,

reviews the latest novel by Colombian writer Gabriel Garcia

Marquez entitled The Autumn of the Patriarch, a political

parable on an aged dictator.

4. In .Religion: Decline or Rebirth? No. 38 (Shmeman: NY, 9),

Father Alexander expresses the view that religion’s present

external decline is being accompanied by an inner rebirth.

AZIWY,

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- -NEWS COVERAGE

January 10,.1976

Pro-Western Angolan factions agree to cease-fire, MPLA reiects one.

USSR again rejects step-by�step Mideast settlement.

Waldheim says Palestinian question will dominate security council

debate.

Gromyko totes resistance to detente.

Rabin warns against intervention in Lebanon.

Striking Madrid subway workers get pay increase, end strike.

Amin condemns all foreign intervention in Angola.

Italian CP seeks role in government, receives further expression

of support from socialists.

� Gromyko begins talks in Tokyo with Japanese Foreign Minister.

Portugal to return confiscated land.

US official on South African presence it Angola.

Street fighting continues in Beirut.

Egyptian newspaper blames Syria for latest ceasefire violation in

Beirut.

Allon says Israel will opposetransfer of Mideast question from

Geneva conference to UNSC.

Plyushch arrives in Austria with family, thanks those who facilitated

his release; wife gives press conference; two psychiatrists say

Plyushch psychologically sound.

Portuguese government confirms Cuban planes used Azores.

Pro-communist daily newspaper Diario appears in Lisbon.

20 dead in Hamburg container ship boiler explosion.

USSR to return 32 fishermen but not Kurile Islands.

Indonesian Foreign Minister returns home from East Timor.

Carvalho to be investigated by Portuguese authorities.

Spinola asked to leave Spain.

Thorpe reportedly gives information on Soviet bribery of an

African leader.

Ioannidis sentenced to another eight years of prison.

Lebanon ready to attend any Arab conference aimed at ending war.

Idi Amin opens OAU summit; three African leaders comment on

conflict in Angola.

Falangist political buro urges army intervention in Lebanon war.

Police arrests 20 Spanish labor leaders.

Denktash predicts early resimptianof Cyprus intercommunal talks.

VW^

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January 11, 1976

Gromyko tells Fahmi UNSC debate should lead to resUmption

of Mideast peace conference.

Soviet trade official visits Portugal.

Argentine ruling party suspends members suspected of corruption.

TASS again denies Soviet ships head for Angola.

Political consultations begin in Italy Monday.

OAU session on Angola continues behind closed doors.

Spaniard killed by land mine ip, Sahara.

Ecuador president resigns, nalitary junta takes Over,

state of siege declared.

US denies naval squadron sent to Angolan waters.

Portuguese farmers go ahead with rally in Braga despite governmen.

promises.

Civilian advisory council officially ipatituted in Chile.

Soviet hockey team trainer protests incidents at New York match.

Gromyko meets with Japanese liberal democratic party secretary.

Resolution for recognition of MPLA put to OAU summit.

Arafat receives message from Soviet leaders on UNSC Mideast debate

Israeli security alert in Jerusalem and at Ben Gution airport.

Saudi, Lebanese, Syrian and PLO leaders may meet shortly.

Food convoy to Palestinian camp in Beirut still held up.

Giscard confers with Chirac on government changes.

Further fighting in Lebanon.

FNLA leader on use of Soviet weapons by MPLA in Angola.

Frenchwoman hopes son missing in war still alive in USSR. �

Plyushch family flies to Paris.

Chinese citizens pay tribute to Chou En-lai.

Rabin on US" stand re UNSC Mideast debate.

Italian socialists criticize Christian Democrats and communists.

F-Ł/740 FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN RLC/RL ONLY





1. In a Special Feature (Schlippe: M, 13:30) RL’s correspondent

describes the arrival in Vienna of Leonid Plyushch and his

family, whom he met personally. The script includes interviews

with British psychiatrist Low-Beer, who described Plyushch as

psychologically normal but exhausted, and Plyushch’s wife,

Tatyana Zhitnikova.

2. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 5:40) reports on the arrival

� in Paris of Leonid Plyushch and his family. French mathematician

and member of the French Academy of Sciences Laurent Schwartz

said Plyushch’s release was also a triumph for Western media.

The script contains voice clips of Plyushch’s wife, Tatyana

Zhitnikova.

3. Man on the Earth No. 70 (Lobas: M, 13:30) takes issue with

suggestions by a Novoye russkoye slovo reader that the USSR is

buying grain in order to resell it at a profit and/or lay.in

strategic stocks, but agrees unconditionally with his statement

that the main reason for the Soviet agricultural crisis is the

kolkhoznik’s lack of interest in working on land which does

not belong to him.

4. Letters and Documents No. 1117 (Burstein: M, 20:10) gives

the first instalment of Gleb Yakunin’s and Lev Regelson’s

appeal to last November’s 5th Assembly of the World Council of

Churches.

� 5. Radio Seminar No. 337 (Koryakov: NY, 13:30) contrasts the

free exchange of ideas and close contacts between exiled Russian

philosophers, writers, etc. (such as Berdyayev and Bun1:0 and

their West European (especially German) colleagues with the

regimented contacts fostered by the Soviet Union.

6. Books, Journals and Ideas No. 49 (Petrovskaya: NY, 9) reviews

Professor Niels Nielsen’s book Solzhenitsyn’s Religion which has just

come out in the USA.

7. In We Abroad No. 14 (Paris, 13:20), Matiya Rozanova and

Viktor Nekrasov reflect on monuments and memorials in the USSR

(Mamayev Tumulus in Stalingrad, Babiy Yar, the graves of Yesenin

and Gogol) and Paris (a monument to members of the Resistance).

8. In the Editor’s Studio No. 8 (Fedoseyeva: M, 8:05) continues

to give the contents of the 37th issue of Chronicle of Current

Events.

-�

-2-

9.Resistance Literature No. 1 (Svirsky: M, 14:20) recalls the

role played by USSR Writers Union Secretary Konstantin Sithonov

in Stalin’s campaign of suppression and intimidation of Soviet

literature, in which he was assisted by such persons as Anatoliy

Surov, Arkadiy Perventbev, Orest Maltsev, Volodya Gurvich and

N. Drozdov.

10. Other Shore No. 562 (Kunta: M, 31:10) presents the 55th



11. In Sound of Strings No. 403 (Mitina: M, 4:30), Bogdan

Lazuka sings the song "Without a Name" (or "Three Loves"), and

Polish singer Wojciech Blunarskj. a "Song about the Moscow

Subway," both by Bulat Okudzhava.


1. The first part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:15) fo.cusses

on the question of China after ChouEn-lai. The Wall Street Journal

feels that Chou’s death will hardly affect US-Chinese relations,

although some US observers fear that the present Chinese leaders,

especially Teng Hsiao-ping, do not have the flexibility shown by

Chou in finding a compromise between�Mao’s ideological views and

the concrete tasks of running the country. The London Times

also feels Chou will be missed as a stabilizing factor in Chinese

politics, and predicts a certain rapprochement with the USSR.

Both Corriere della sera and the Italian OP newspaper Unita

point to Chou’s pragmatic approach contrasting with Mao’s ideological

rigorism. Fikaro predicts that Chou’s death will make the post -

Mao transition more difficult. �The Sueddeutsche Zeitung notes

Chou’s view that the USSR, while sabre-rattling in the East, really

Intended to attack the West.


1. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 5:40) explains that the main objective

of the Syrians and Paletinians in insisting on the annulment of

UN Security Council resolutions 242 and 338 is to overthrow the legality of .Israel’s existence. The USSR is encouraging the Syrians

and Palestinians in order to be able to appear a restraining,

conciliatory force.

2. The second part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:15) is devoted to the government crisis in Italy. Corriere della sera points to the unique strength of the communist party. in Italy compared with

other West European countries and the resultant fear of the socialists

of being crushed between the communist and Christian-Democrat"giants.

According to the French Aurore, a look at communism as it exists

in, for example Moscow, Prague, East Berlin, Budapest, Warsaw or

Havana makes statements by Berlinguer and Marchais for democracy

and against Soviet hegemony and totalitarianism appear unconvincing.

Ł

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3. A London Report (Chuguyev, 3:45) focusses On the British

government’s attempts to stem the recent wave of terrorism in Ulster by sending in SAS units and coordinating anti-,terrorist

measures with the Irish republic.

4. The text is given (Predtechevsky: M, 4:45) of an article

by Victor Zorza in the January 8 issue of the International

Herald Tribune entitled "New Schlesinger-Kissinger Debate" on

the creation of a Schlesinger-sponsored "task force" to produce

reports on US foreign and defense policies which could become a

focus of national debate on detente.

5. New York Report No.. 4882 (Gratsky, 4:25) outlines the bill

on energy policy recently signed by President Ford whose main

aim is to make the USA self-sufficient energy-wise.

ID 6. The first part of Europe Today No. 503 (Chianurov, S. Vardy:

M, 8+5:30) continues to examine the confused political scene

in Norway.


COUNTRIES:

1. Cultural Review No. discusses the movie One novel by Ken Keasy, and American artists.

1012 (Gabay, Glezer, Litvinov: M, 9:40)

Flew Over a Cuckoo’s Nest based on the an exibition in Paris of works by

2. Cultural News Briefs No. 17 (Litvinov: M, 5) contains

items on FRG writer and playwright Martin Walser’s new play

Sauspiel; Greek composer Mikis Theodorakis’ new autobiographical

work The Fiance’s of Penelope; and French choreographer Maurice

Bejart’s staging of Our Faust at the Royal Opera Theater in

Brussels.

� 3. The second part of Europe Today No. 503 (Chianurov, S. Vardy:

M, 8+5:30) looks at West European and US procedures for ensuring

schoolchildren are educated according to their talents and

abilities.

-4-

NEWS COVERAGE

January 12, 1976

Plyushch given warm welcome in Paris, goes into seclusion; Humanite, Sakharov express satisfaction at his release.

Newsweek reports training of PLO cadets in Crimea.

OAU meeting on Angola continues, members divided.

Four Soviet diplomats expelled from Denmark.

Italian socialists reject compromise to end crisis.

Palestinians release Lebanese army tank convoy.

Allon warns against appeasement of PLO.

Rabin denies meeting with Hussein.

Moynihan calls USSR expansionist nation..

UNSC debate on Middle East begins today.

USSR reportedly seeks to set up naval base off West Africa.

Gromyko continues talks in Japan, meets with premier.

Egypt puts forward compromise resolution at OAU summit.

Unita and FNLA hold fire, awaiting outcome of OAU summit.

Portuguese farmers threaten to cut off food supplies to Lisbon.

Call for more strikes today in Spain.

Mauritanian troops .occupy two Spanish Sahara towns.

Icelandic fishermen blockade US Keflavik base.

West German firm concludes second contract for equipping housing

unit construction factory in Krasnoyarsk.

Russian wife of Briton says USSR bans visits to or of mother.

Foreign diplomats pay last respects to Chou En-lai.

Kaunda warns failure of OAU summit catastrophic for Africa, ,saysAh

effective decisions on Angola are being made by USSR and USA.

Swedish campaign for reunion of Agapov family.

Radio Zagreb says some CPs may boycott European conference

Leone consults on Italian political crisis.

Yemen Arab republic plans merger with Saudi Arabia.

Miyazawa on failure of talks with Gromyko.

Reports of bread shortages in parts of USSR.

Libyan students occupy embassy in London.

Three bombs found near UN building before security council

Mideast debate; Israeli ambassador Herzog on refusal to parti-

pate in debate.

Continued fighting in Lebanon.

Ł

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FNLA reportedly make parachute attack on MPLA units near Angola.

OPEC experts hold first meeting in Vienna since terrorist attack.

Strike wave spreads in Spain; bomb blast in Madrid Metro.

Italian Christian democrats want Moro to head new government.

Ibeland threatens to quit NATO over cod war; Luns to hold

talks in Reykjavik.

Pope says human rights are universal concern, not a matter of

each country’s domestic policy.

Private Israeli group publishes manifesto calling for creation

of Palestinian state.

New York Times says Cuba will continue aid to MPLA regardless

of OAU decisions.

Portuguese revolutionary Council studies farmers’ demands.

Antunes holds talks in Budapest.

Bulgarian Foreign Minister meets with Greek colleague.

Another Soviet diplomat reportedly to be expelled from Denmark.

Agatha Christie dies at 85.

Ł


Russian Daily Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 10

for January 13, 1976 A. Barry




1. Today’s Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 04:20) of Gromyko’s

visit to Tokyo focusses on problems connected with concluding

a Soviet -Japanese peace treaty, territorial problems connected

with the Kurile Islands, and Japanese reluctance to accept

the Soviet plan for the establishment of a collective security

system in Asia. It is pointed out that Japan could use Gromyko’s

visit to prompt China to make further compromises in concluding

a peace treaty and that the talks may have been of some con-

solation to Soviet leaders in spite of Gromyko’s January 12th

� statement implying that the sides did not reach agreement on

the issues discussed.

2. The first part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 03:05).is

devoted to Soviet foreign policy. The Christian Science Monitor

says that new nuances in Sino-Soviet relations can be expected

� after Chou En-lai’s death but essential changes can hardly be

expected. The Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung feels that the end

of the war in Indochina and the subsequent improvement of

Washington’s relations both with Moscow and Peking have presented

new prospects for Japanese foreign policy. Japanese Prime Minister’

Miki’s statement that his country intends to sign a peace treaty

with China as soon as possible has provoked anxiety among Soviet

leaders. The New York Times Tokyo correspondent notes that Gro-

niyko warned Japanese leaders that the USSR could review its policy

toward Japan if Japan goes too far in supporting Peking.

3. The second part of the Press Review (Salkazanova: P, 03:45)

concerns Soviet mathematician Leonid Plyushch’s arrival in

4111 Paris. Humanite recalls that last October French communists

joined in the campaign to have Plyushch released from the

Dnepropetrovsk special psychiatric hospital. Figaro points

out that the campaign for the release of-Plyushch went on for

two years and that the French communists joined in the campaign

only during its last two months. The Quotidienne de Paris

discusses why Soviet authorities agreed to release Plyushch and

allow him to emigrate from the USSR.

4. Paris Report (Salkazanova: P, 05:35) gives details on the

interview given by Plyushch’s wife Tat’yana Zhitnikova to

Le Monde.

5. Basis For Hope No. 161 (Dudin: NY, 09:00) discusses Thomas

Whiteside’s article which appeared in the New York Times of

November 23rd criticizing ABC TV for its program on the

Soviet Union.

-2-

6. In Sociology of Science No. 38 (Fainberg/Vardi: M, 09:00)

Viktor Fainberg tells about certain aspects of Soviet Psychiatric

sciences which theoretically, allow for the use of psychiatrists

in conducting political repressions.

7. New York Report No. 4893 (Hendler: NY, 05:20) reviews

the contents of the 18th issue of the "Chronicle For the

Defense of Rights in the USSR," which has just been published

by "Khronika" Press in New York.

8. Portraits of My Contemporaries No. 3 (Kushev: L, 09:00) is

the second program devoted to the life and work of dissident

Soviet writer Yuri Galanskov.

9. In the first in a new series Art Under Totalitarianism No. 1

(Golomshtock: M, 10:05) which serves as a continuation of

Golomshtock’s previous series "Art and Revolution," the well-

known art historian discusses totalitarian art and its special

language.

10. Betaki on Poetry No. 80 (Betaki: P, 08:20) discusses the

work of poetess Elena Ignatova.

11. Problems of Labor and Democracy No. 54 (Belotserkovsky: M,10:00) is devoted to the events of when the labour opposition in

the USSR began its campaign for the full independence of labour

Unions.

12. Novella Matveeva sings her song "The Little Boat" ("Korablik")

on today’s Sound of Strings No. 404 (Mitina: M, 04:30)

13. In the Ranks No. 38 (Shchtinsky: M, 09:00) tells about

the experience of a flier in the Soviet air regiment.


1. Yugoslav radio observer Milika Sundic’s statement that the

conference of European communist and workers parties could take

place without the participation of some parties which helped

in preparing for it, is discussed in an Analysis (Henkin: M, 05:50).

2. A Report from London (Chuguyev: L, 05:30) discusses British

communist criticism of the CPSU, as expressed in an article on

the 20th anniversary of the 20th CPSU Congress published in

Marxism Today.


1. The economic and political outlook for 1976 in the United

States is treated in Across the Ocean No. 118 (Storozhenko: NY,09:00).

2. China’s European policy is discussed in Peking and Its Policy

No. 355 (Shilyaev: NY, 09:00).

-3-

3. In his Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 05:20) of the extraordinary OAU summit on the Angolan crisis, the author refers to US, Soviet, and Chinese attitudes toward the civil strife.

4.. New York Report No. 34759 (Szydlowski: NY, 03:55) focusses on the recent CIA report refuting forecasts by some economists that China could become one of the world’s leading oil exporting nations.

5. In his Report from Brussels (Ryser: B, 04:05) the author highlights Belgian Prime Minister Tindemans’� report on a program for the Unification of Europe, including proposals for increasing the power of the European parliament and the European commission.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

�1. New York Report No. 4888 (Fox: NY, 03:50) is devoted to the results of International Women’s Year and focusses on a recent New York Times article by Ashrab Pahlevi, chairman of the UN Committee on the International Women’s Year conference in Mexico.

2. New York Report No. 4892 (Gratzky: NY, 04:40) gives details on the efforts of Rocky Mountain states to control the exploitation of their energy resources in order to prevent negative envirompental consequences.

3. In a Report from Madrid, Fraga Iribane’s new book "The National Goal of Spain’/is reviewed.

4. Cultural News Briefs No. 12 (Litvinov/Golomshtock: M, 02:00) includes reports on the performance in Brussels of a new ballet "Our Faust," the American Film "Nashville," winner of the New York Film Critics’ award for the best film of the year, Jack Nicholson’s award for his performance in "One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest," and Isabelle Adjani’s award for her supporting role in the film "The Story of Adelell."

-4-

’NEWS COVERAGE

OAU Angola debate continues.

New York Times says Cuba will continue aid to Angola regardless

of OAU decisions.

Last Spanish troops leave Western Sahara.

Police break up demonstrations in Spain.

Australian PM calls for increased US presence in Indian Ocean.

Cardinal Wyszynski against constitutional changes.

Militant Miners’ leader Mc.Gahey elected Chairman of British CP.

Five Jewish activists appeal to Marchais and Berlinguer.

Overwhelming vote in favor of PLO participation in UNSC

Mideast debate. Idi Amin proposes new compromise at OAU debate.

Britain orders Ulster politicians to try to reach agreement

on new constitution.

Iceland almost likely to sever diplomatic ties with Britain.

Thai Parliament dissolved.

UNSC Mideast debate updated; debate adjourned.

Israeli group claims responsibility for bombs in New York.

Soviet guided missile debtroyer heading for Cohgolese port

just north of Angola.

GDR authorities stop placing children of would-be refugees

for adoption with "politically reliable" families.

OAU Angola debate ends with no solution reached.

Israelis and Egyptians begin intensive redeployment in Sinai.

Miki says Japan will go ahead with China treaty despite Soviet

objections, will not sign peace treaty with USSR until Kurile

Islands returned; Gromyko leaves for home.

Senator Humphrey calls on US and USSR to negotiate end to

foreign intervention in Angola.

Israelis kill four infiltrators from Lebanon.

Kuwait said to buy arms from USSR.

Vietnam admits resistance by opponents of new regime.

New Norwegian Premier forms cabinet.

European CP conference preparatory talks resume ’in East Berlin.

Minor French government reshuffle.

Rumania to pay Britain compensation for pre-war debts.

Portuguese Revolutionary Council drafts changes to joint action

platform.

Indonesian paper criticizes government policy in East Titor.

Israeli troops withdraw in Sinai.

-5 -

Libyan students continue sit-in in London embassy.

Italian President confers with party leaders.

UN Cyprus representative meets with Clerides and Denktash.

Representatives of seven Arab states to discuss solution of

Lebanese conflict.

Rejection front claims responsibility for attempt to infiltrate

Israel in which four guerrillas were killed.

Berlinguer says OP participation in government would end

political crisis.

Antunes continues talks in Budapest.

Belfast bomb kills four, injures 20.

OPEC specialists continue to meet in Vienna.

Fighting spreads in Lebanon; Moslems attack Christian towns;

�

new Egyptian peace initiative expected; Sadat warns Israel

against intervention.

Nine Soviet Jews condemn attempt to bomb UN building.

Soviet-Japanese communique.

Ford signs order to permit US civilian technicians to build

early warning system in Sinai; further Israeli drawback.

Sadat on PLO and Geneva Mideast conference.

Working group resumes preparations for. European OP conference.

Strikes continue in Spain.

Protesting Libyan students leave London embassy.

UNSC Mideast debate resumes under tight security

Lebanese fighting - latest reports; Franjieh meets with

Christian leaders; Karami raises possibility of military coup.

Ford to seek Angolan ceasefire after OAU summit failure.

411/ China reportedly buying large quantities of strategic metals

on world market.

Senator McGovern in Hanoi.

Latest Cod-war news.

Aldo Moro asked to form new Italian government.


Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No.11

for January. 14, 1976 D. Felton




1. The second part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:25) quotes

the Washington Post as expressing satisfaction that the USSR

and certain other socialist countries have recently begun to

cautiously implement some of the Helsinki provisions; for example,

the USSR has announced its intention to relax travel formalities

for foreign journalists, and given advance notice of maneuvers

along the Turkish and Iranian borders. However, this cannot be

said of human rights.

2. A Backgrounder (Henkin: MI 5:40) suggests that the USSR is

aiming to gain influence in the Western Sahara via Algeria and

the POLISARIO in order to have her interests in the area’s rich

phosphate deposits represented by the US Occidental Petroleum

under Armand Hammer, an old trading friend of the USSR.

3. New York Report No. 4895 (Fox, 5), gives the substance of a

New York Times review by Christopher Lehman-Haupt of books about

the USSR by Hedrick Smith, The Russians, and Robert Kaiser,

Russia: The People and the Power, based on their experiences as

correspondents for the New York Times and Washington Post,re-

spectively from 1971 to 1974. According to Lehmann-Haupt, the books

suggest that the Soviet system and economy do not work and that

the USSR’s industrial technology and military might are overrated.

4. Vital Problems of the Soviet Economy No. 13 (Chianurov: M, 4:30)

says that imports of modern equipment from advanced industrial

countries is not benefiting Soviet industry to any great extent

owing to the extremely dilatory and inefficient exploitation of

such equipment.

5. Socio-Economic Problems No. 17 (Glasenapp: M, 9) presents

arguments for and against the theory of the convergence of the

capitalist and socialist systems discussed by Wolfgang Leonhard

in his book On the Eve of a New Revolution?

6. Scientific Observer No. 86 (Lavrov: NY, 9) reviews Soviet space

activities last December, which consisted in the launchings of

three photo-reconnaissance, three communications, two research

and one weather satellite.

7. In Tomorrow of the Planet Earth No. 142 (Patrushev: M,9)

the script author refers to a satirical article by Anatoliy Zlobin

in last November’s issue of LiteratUrnaya gazeta on the socialist

val principle (i.e., the principle of production for production’s

- sake) and offers a satirical sketch of his own on the Western

4

-2-

counterpart of val, namely the ruthless pursuit of profit regardless of consequent environmental damage and ecological disruption.

8. Letters and Documents No. 1118 (Burstein: M, 23:45) presents the final part of the text of Gleb Yakunin’s and Lev Regelson’s appeal to last November’s Fifth Assembly of the World Council of

Churches; and information by Malva Landa on the case of. Aleksandr

Ellnin, serving a three-year sentence in a Soviet labor

camp on a charge of refusing to do military service; in fact, he

wanted to emigrate to Israel.

9. In People and Events of Recent Russian History No. 16

(Anin: M,9), David Anin talks about the Russian Socialist-Revolutionary

Party’s "combat organization" which practised "individual terror"

against particularly odious Tsarist officials.

10. In a Special Feature (Galich: M, 14:30), Alexander Galich

discusses the poetry of Osip Mandelshtam on the occasion of the

85th anniversary of his birth.

11. In the Editor’s Studio No. 9 (Fedoseyeva: M, 5:10) annotates

sections of the 37th issue of the samizdat Chronicle of Current

Events concerning the persecution of Crimean Tatars and believers

in Lithuania and elsewhere in the USSR.

12. Other Shore No. 563 (Kunta: M, 29:05) presents the 56th

instalment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The ’Communist

Party of the Soviet Union.

13. Church Singing No. 15 (Tsiolkovich: M,4:30) contains the

following three items: "Christmas," "Christ is Born," and "The

House of Ephraim."


1. In the final part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:25), Quotidien de Paris predicts that China’s anti-Soviet policy will

not be affected by the death of Chou En-lai.

2. A Portrait (Predtechevsky: M, 5:45) is given of Teng Hsiao-ping, the most likely successor to the late Chinese Premier Chou En-lai.

3. A Bonn Report (Krassowski, 4:35) gives background information on an appeal to President Tito by the West German Human Rights Society for the immediate release of Yugoslav dissident Mihajlo.Mihajlov, serving a seven-year prison sentence for handing over to foreign and

Russian emigre press organs articles in which he criticized communist theory and reality.


1. Washington Report No. 632 (Savemark, 4:45) refers to White

House Press �Secretary Ron Nessen’s statement that the US government

Ł

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-3 -

continued to press for an immediate ceasefire in Angola, the

withdrawal of all foreign troops from that country, and the

formation of a government of national unity. The script says

that President Ford’s plan to ask the House of Representatives

for additional funds to support the anti-MPLA forces has little

chance of success.

2. The first part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 5:25) is devoted

to the OAU session on Angola. Le Monde says the failure of the

African leaders to reach an agreement on Angola is a defeat not

only for the MPLA but to OAU itself; it is now clear that a

settlement of the Angolan crisis must be sought outside Africa,

perhaps in Washington, Moscow or the UN. The London Daily Telegraph

expresses the view that following the CAU’s failure to settle the

Angolan problem, Africa as a whole risks becoming the victim of a

new’ and in many respects worse form of colonialism, since a victory

in Angola for the Soviet- and Cuban-supported MPLA would give the

� USSR a bridgehead for further expanding her

influence on the

continent. The New York Times also predicts that foreign, in

particular Soviet intervention in Angola will now increase.

3. The first part of Europe Today No. 504 (Steckermeier,

Chianurov, Pylayev: M, 4:30 + 4:30 + 4:30) focusses on Spanish

Premier Carlos Arias Navarro’s interview to Newsweek at the

beginning of January in which he spoke of his government’s

liberalization and democratization plans and Spain’s desire

to join NATO.

4. A Paris Report (Ryser, 4:20) gives the background to the

"cod war" between Britain and Iceland in connection with NATO

General Secretary Luns’arrival in Reykjavik to mediate.

5. A London Report (Chuguyev: 4:30) notes that the Labor

government’s proposal to give Scotland and Wales local parliaments

with wide-ranging powers has not only been attacked by the Scottish

and Welsh nationalists as insufficient, and by Conservative Party

� leader Margaret Thatcher as superfluous in view

of the provision

of a veto by Westminster, but threatens to split the Labor Party.

6. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 4:45) points to the freedom of

information in France highlighted by President Giscard d’Estaing’s

recent TV announcement that all political and trade union organizations

will be given a certain number of TV time, this in addition to the

TV access they already have. Reference is made to the surprise

’expressed by the French media over the recent Pravda attack against

RL and RFE as in the light of the Helsinki document.


1. Cultural Review No. 1013 (Litvinov, Golomshtok: M, 15)

reports on an exhibition of posters in Munich covering the period

1840 to 1940. 2. The second and third parts of Europe Today

No. 504 (Steckermeier,

Chianurov, Pylaev: M, 4:30 + 4:30 t 4:30) focus on proposals by the

European Commission on scientific research priorities in the EEC, and

"Olympic" ski competitions arranged in Innsbruck for the general public.

-4-

NEWS COVERAGE

Rabin says Mideast problem can be resolved without Palestinian

participation.

US official claims progress in SALT talks.

Greek and Bulgarian foreign ministers wind up talks.

US State Department censures French paper assertions re CIA.

Organization of American states committee quashes report

saying KGB using Cuban secret police to spread subversion

in West.

Icelandic parliamentary committee will recommand severance

of ties with UK.

Aldo Moro asked to form new Italian government, begins

talks with party leaders.

Wilson rules out full independence for Scotland and Wales.

Pentagon official says group of Soviet warships off West �

African coast.

"Gesellschaft fuer Menschenrechte" calls for release of Mikhailov.

Syria calls for further Israeli concessions in UNSC Mideast

debate.

Portugal’s centre democrat party says military intends to

retain political power.

Opening of 25th Pugwash conference.

Portugal halts USA of Azores as staging point for Cuban planes

bound for Angola.

Portuguese flights to Mozambique suspended.

Ukrainian-born resident of Britain in Soviet prison.

Arabs preparing new resolution for UNSC Mideast debate.

COMECON session in Moscow.

Cuban troops to remain in Angola as long as MPLA wishes.

Rabin hopeful US will take firm stand in UNSC debate.

Kuwaiti-Rumanian trade agreement opens way for Ceausescu visit.

Dzotsenidze resigns as Chairman of Georgian Supreme Soviet

Presidium.

Former trade secretary Morton appointed aide to Ford.

France to cut arms sales to foreign states.

US _studying sale of arms to Yugoslavia.

Amnesty International on mass political arrests in Uruguay.

Rabin says Palestinian question should be settled after

conclusion of peace with Arab states.

US knows of no Kuwaiti arms deal with USSR.

-5 -

Moslems make gains in fighting central Beirut.

OP conference preparatory meeting continues in East Berlin.

ArgentinA asks Britain to recall ambassador.

State Department denies SALT agreement reached.

US-Soviet grain-for-oil talks to resume soon.

Rumanian OP Secretary met recently with Arafat.

Presidents of Zambia, Mozambique, Tanzania and Botswana meet

on Angola in Dar-es-salaam.

Spanish government drafts postal employees.

Composition of new Ecuadoran government announced.

US intelligence employees reduced by 40 percent since 1969.

OPEC and developing countries still have not reached agreement

at Paris meeting;

Phalangists occupy Palestinian refugee camp near Beirut, North

Yemen proposes joint Arab intervention.

Clerides resigns post of intercommunal negotiator.

Gandhi addresses Pugwash conference in Madras.

Luns arrives in Iceland to discuss cod war.

Malaysian Premier Abdul Razak dies in London.

Allon says Israel will revise attitude to Geneva Mideast

conferences if UN-resolutions are amended.

Portugal to begin ’preparations for general and presidential

elections; military plan for transfer of power.

Kissinger, at Viahington press conference, warns USSR over

Angolan imvolVeMent, says he will raise issue during January 20-23

visit to Iloscow aimed at advancing SALT talks.

Israel to ’peek ;i’econvening of Geneva Mideast conference.

PLO opens ilifotmation office in Stockholm.

Libyan studInIs occupy embassy in Bonn.

Berlinguer 6g.Y.s CF must have role in Italian political leadership

Cuban and EPLA troops, supported by Soviet advisors, reportedly

prepare advance on Luso rail junction; MPLA captures two

Angolan ports.

Australia lifts ban on providing port facilities for allied

nuclear warships.

Hungarian trade minister Biro continues talks in Bonn.

Ira announces bomb campaign against top civil servants.


Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 12

for January 15, 1975 A. Barry



A. .USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL:

1. In a Special.Report (Schlippe/Zhitnikova: M, 30:50), RL’s

Schlippe gives the highlights of the press conference by -

Tatiana Zhitnikova, the wife of Soviet mathematician Leonid

Plyushch, which was arranged by Amnesty International upon the

arrival,of the Plyushch family in Vienna. The report includes

voice clips.

�2. In his Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 03:00) of Kissinger’s

forthcoming visit to Moscow, Predtechevsky focusses on SALT-related

problems to be discussed during the US Secretary of State’s

talks with Brezhnev and Gromyko.

3. Washington Report No. 633 (Savemark: W, 02:30) presents

highlights of Kissinger’s January 14 press conference during

which he announced that he would be visiting Moscow for talks

with Brezhnev and Gromyko.

4. In the first show in his new series Science and Technology

Today No. 1 (Vladimirov: M, 28:48), Vladimirov speaks about the

views of engineer and physicist Harvey Brooks, MIT Professor

Daniel Lerner, Nobel Prize Laureate Harole Urey, Doctor of

Technical Sciences Anatoly Pavlovich Fedoseyev, and others on

the state of Soviet science today. He also reports on several

new scientific and technical developments throughout the world.

5. The Cinema, Past and Present No. 267 (Matusevich: M,10:40)

is devoted to the Soviet cinema in 1975.

� 6. Weidle Talk No. 304 (Weidle: P, 08:30) refers to the works

of Montparnass RI:tesian poets, including Yuri-Mandelstam, Mikhail

Gorlin and hid wife Noevina Bloch, Antonin Dadinsky, Irina

Knorring, Yuri Sofiev, Anna Prismanova, Aleksandr Ginger, Georgiy

Raevsky, and Vladimir Smolensky.


1. The second part of the Press Review (B: M, 06:10) is devoted

to differences of opinion among communist parties. The Frankfurter

Allgemeine Zeitung, discussing to what extent Western European

communist parties are independent froth Moscow, points out that

all countries where a communist system has been established

have become dictatorships. The Frankfurter Rundschau writes

about the serious differences of opinion between CPSU leaders and

western communist parties. The Yugoslav Vjesnik, responding

to recent CSSR press articles maintaining that the only genuine

communists are those who recognize the political line of the

CPSU, stresses that communist parties should first of all enjoy

equal rights and have the right to ideological and political

independence.

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2. In his Report from Bonn (Krassowski: M, 04:50), the author

gives details on the new draft program of the Socialist United

Party. of Germany and provides brief background information on

the formation of the Socialist United Party in 1946.


1. The first part of the Press Review (Bensi: M, 06:10) is

devoted to the extraordinary OAU session. The Washington Post

views the session’s lack of success as a defeat for the USSR.

The Times writes that the unsuccessful outcome of the OAU 6ession

shows that African problems today cannot be settled by the

Africans alone. Aurore writes that the Angolan crisis has dealt

a strong blow to African unity and that African countries are

becoming victims of foreign pressure. The Dutch Algemeen Dagblad

says that the civil war in Angola is not a local phenomenon,

for the freedom and independence of all the countries of the

black continent can depend on its outcome.

2. In his Analysis (Henkin: M, 05:10) of the limitation of

powers of the Armed Forces Movement in Portugal, Henkin discusses

the current political situation in the country in view of the

election campaign, which should officially begin on April 25th,

focussing on the plan proposed by the Armed Forces to the political

parties. He also reviews the policy of the Portuguese communists

in their struggle for power and refers to the influence of the

catastrophic economic situation on the politics of the country.

3. Problems of Pacific countries No. 194 (Shilyaev: NY,09:00)

is devoted to Indonesian internal affairs after the Vietnam war.

President Suharto’s government is close to achieving two of its

basic goals: (1) the consolidation of the domestic political

life of the country and (2) the stabilization of the economy.

4. Economics of Modern Capitalism No. 120 (Dreyer: NY, 09:00).

In reporting on how COMECON countries are trying to solve the

problem of their_foreign trade .deficits with the FRG, the program

focusses on -Poland. A Polish delegation headed by Foreign Trade

Minister Olszowski recently arrived in West Germany to investigate

possibilities for the joint production of industrial goods.

5. New York Report No. 4898 (Gratzky: NY, 04:00) says that,

according to a public opinion poll conducted by the New York

Daily News, the attitude of most New Yorkers toward the UN is positiv(

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� 6. RL’s Paris correspondent Salkazanova, in her Report from Paris

(Salkazanova: P, 04:20), outlines the new French government program

as presented in President Giscard D’Estaing’s letter to Prime

Minister Chirac, which was read at the January 14th meeting of the

Council of Ministers.

7. American Panorama No. 106 (Storozhenko: NY,09:00) includes

reports on the introduction of the metric system in the US; the

USA as a world granary; potato And milk consumption in the US; and

Svetlana Alliluyeva’s intention to apply for US citizenship in 1977.

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NEWS COVERAGE �

Kissinger warns Soviet intervention in Angola could

� threaten detente._

US Defense Department says Soviet ships off Africa

� head out into Atlantic.

� Amin reports on Angola.

GDR pays tribute to CPSU.

Paris energy conference agrees on position.

� Soviet figure skaters win European title.

Austrian farmers sell snow for Winter Olympies.’41-

� USSR rejects Mideast consultations without PLO.

� Moro tries to form new government.

IRA criticizes Britain over constitutional convention.

Antunes ends visit to Hungary.

Morocco releases Soviet ship.

New Rhodesian. President sworn in.

US experts revise Soviet harvest predictions,

� UNSC resumes Mideast debate.

UN refuses Ukrainian emigre organization accreditation.

Portuguese Military prepares for elections.

Portugal seeks release of its citizens in Mozambique.

� European liberal parties meet in Munich.

Beirut Moslems and Palestinians surround Christians.

Libyan students occupy embassy in Rome.

� USSR raises price of oil for Hungary.

UNESCO postpones-racialism meeting.

Moslems and Palestinians try to drive Falangists out

of Beirut hotel area.

New Malaysian Prime Minister sworn in.

UNSC continues Mideast debate today.

Kissinger to make new SALT proposal to USSR.

Spanish left-wing opposition groups formally join

striking workers.

Luns continues talks in Iceland.

Ulster takes security measures after IRA terrorism threat.

USSR invites Greece and Turkey to military maneuvers as observers.

Portuguese Foreign Minister arrives in Prague.

South Africa refuses to accept Angolan refugees.

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FRG fines helicopter pilot who brought East Germans from CSSR.

BBC askeeto make more cuts.

Terrorists’ bomb damages San Francisco building.

POLISARIO reports Moroccan and Mauritanian losses in

Sahara fighting.

Portuguese Pre-election campaign begins tomorrow.

USSR says EEC tries to impose its terms on COMECON.

New Ecuadoran government wants contacts with political parties.

Unita sees no hope for peaceful settlement of.Angolan conflict.

Emergency cabinet session called to discuss developments$in Spain.

Socialist International delegation arrives in Madrid.

Chou En-lai’s funeral.

Turkey accepts invitation to send observers to Soviet maneuvers.

Disintegration of FNLA reported; members said fleeing to Zaire.

UN representative Guicardi arrives in Djakarta for talks

on East Timor.

Antunes holds,talks with Chnoupek in Prague.

Arab League head Riad calls for Arab summit on Lebanon.

Argentinian cabinet shuffle.

Surprise election of CDU candidate to post of Prime Minister

of Lower Saxony.

USSR, at UNSC Mideast debate calls for resumption of

Geneva Conference with PLO participation; Herzog, at

press. conference, calls for resumption without PLO presence.

Latest reports on Lebanese fighting.

Kuweit confirms purchase of arms from USSR.

Moro continues coalition talks.

Demonstratiop on-behalf of Sovibt Jews intertupts Soviet-British

chamber of commerce banquet.

US company buys license for Soviet aluminum production method.

US rocket launches West Gerian "Helios-b" satellite.

State Department denies report that FNLA has collapsed;

Ethiopia recognizes MPLA government.

MPLA to offer Aeroflot base rights in Angola.

Portugal to accept responsibility for Portuguese among refugees,

from Angola now in Walvis Bay.

Bundestag defense debate.

East-Germany announces five-year plan targets.

Sarah Jane More sentenced to life for attempted assassination

of president Ford.



for January 16, 1976 D. Felton



A. USSR -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL:

1. The second part of the Press Review (Henkin: M, 4:20) is

devoted to Kissinger’s upcoming visit to Moscow. The Paris

newspaper Aurore suggests that Ford and Kissinger on the one

hand and Brezhnev on the other may find a common language in

view of their desire for a foreign policy success prior to the

US elections and the 25th CPSU Congress. The Belgian newspaper

Le Soir feels Kissinger will try and establish whether Soviet -

Chinese relations have changed in such a way as to endanger

America, and in connection with Peking’s gesture in returning the

Soviet helicopter crew, points out that the present difference

between the Soviet and Chinese regimes is less than that between

Stalinist Russia and Nazi Germany when they concluded their pact

in 1939.

2. The Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 5:20) welcomes the Soviet

invitation to Greece and Turkey to send observers to the up-

coming maneuvers in the Transcaucasian Military District,

and suggests that invitations may now be forthcoming to maneuvers

in Central Europe. However, the present Soviet military buildup

is a factor acting against the creation of an atmosphere of mutual

confidence in Europe.

3. Helsinki and Human Rights No. 3 (R. Dudin: NY, 9) contrasts

passages in the Helsinki document pertaining to family reunification

with the Soviet authorities’ refusal to allow writer Viktor

Nekrasov’s children Viktor and Lyudmila to join him in the West.

4. Soviet Notes No. 637 (Rudolph: NY, 4:35) suggests that

� the reduction in emigration from -the USSR represents an attempt

by the Soviet government to apply pressure to the-US Congress,

public and Jewish circles on the issue of US-Soviet trade and credits.

5. The Role of Economic Managers No. 7 (Kazantsev: NY, 8:55), is

based on the works of sociologist Aleksandr Yanov which are now

circulating in samizdat, points to Sakharov’s role in warning

the Soviet people of the danger of a resurrection of Stalinism.

... 6. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 145 (Gittelson, Gordin,

Uzgol, Mikheels-Vovsi: M, NY, 24:10) gives excerpts from (1) so

far unpublished reminiscences by Natalya Solomonova Mikhaels-Vovsi,

who a few years ago emigrated from the USSR to Israel, of her

father Solomon Mikhoels, Soviet Jewish actor and theater director

murdered by Stalin’s agents in Minsk in January 1948; and (2) an

article in the London Times by the chief Rabbi of Great Britain,

Immanuel Yakobovits, on his recent trip to the USSR, in which he

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lamented the desolate state of the Jewish community in the

USSR, while expressing satisfaction over the resurrection of

the Jewish spirit among the younger generation. - The show also

contains an essay on Jewish elements in the work of Isaak Babel.

7. Letters and Documents No. 1119 (Burstein: M, 25:50) presents

material from the 37th issue of the samizdat Chronicle of Current

Events concerning the cases of Mustafa Dzhemilev and Vladimir

Osipov.

8. Other Shore No. 564 (Lovetskaya: M, 27:05) presents the

57th instalment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book The Communist

Party of the Soviet Union. .

9. ’ A Special Feature (Betaki: Paris, 11:10) attributes official

Soviet reticence on the work of. Aleksey Tolstoi, the centenary

of whose death has received minimal attention in the press, to

.such elements of his philosophy as his condemnation of the

despotism of Muscovy (as opposed to Novgorod and Kievan Rus),

censorship, etc., which are out of line with Soviet ideology.

B. CROSS REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF’COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

I. A Backgrounder (Bensi: M, 5:30) describes the polemics

between Czech CF CC member Pavel Auersperg, writing in Rude

pravo, and Yugoslav journalist Zeljko Brihta, writing in the

Zagreb newspaper Vjesnik, who rejects Auersperg’s insistence

that all communist parties should adhere to a single strategy

and tactibs in view of the "deepening crisis of capitalism."

Reference is also made to Spanish OP CC Secretariat and Executive

Committee Member Manuel Ascarate’s condemnation of the 1968 Soviet

invasion of Czechoslovakia and the CPSU’s hegemonism and opportunism.


1. The first part of the Press Review (Henkin: M, 4:20) is

devoted to Angola. Washington Post Moscow correspondent David

Shipler writes that the OAU failure to come to an agreement on

Angola opens up certain possibilities for the -USSR. At the same

time, the USSR has hinted that it could adopt a more flexible

position and tolerate the creation of an Angolan government with

the participation of all warring factions. Also in the Washington

Post, Peter Osnos quotes President Ford’s and Kissinger’s statement

� that the massive Soviet intervention in Angola is incompatible

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with detente, and Moscow’s reply that detente does not mean pre-

servation of the socio-political status quo.

2. Daily Life No. 16 (Glasenapp: M, 4:30) points to recent

talks in the West (and Rumania) to the effect that the USA’s

huge grain surpluses give her a weapon comparable to the atomic bomb.

3. A London Report (Chugunov, 5:20) outlines Britain’s positiom

in the "cod war" with Iceland, noting the -restraint shown by

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Britain and the possibility that the groblem will be solved

anyway if a 200-mile limit for territorial waters is accepted

internationally. Reference is also made to Iceland’s threat

to leave NATO and break off diplomatic relations with London.

4. A Bonn Report (Krassowski, 5:10) highlights the sensational

election of CDU candidate Albrecht as Minister-President of

Lower Saxony, observing that it has strengthened the CDU/CSU’s

chances in the upcoming Bundestag elections and could hamper the

SPD/FDP government’s activities by altering the balance of power

in the Bundesrat.

5. Problems of Developing Countries No. 13 (Pusta: M, 9) focusses on the attempts by third-world countries to achieve greater independence from the developed countries by taking the export of their natural resources into their own hands.

6. Europe Today No. 505 (Predtechevsky: M, 14:25) discusses

and quotes from Hungarian-born writer Hans Habe’s views on

Europe as a geographical and cultural entity, and Belgian Prime Minister Tindemans recent proposals on European political

unification; points to an increasing national awareness on

the part of European national minorities in, for example, Corsica,

Brittany, the Alsace, Scotland and Wales; and gives facts and

figures on the life of an average Swiss family.

7. A Paris Report (Ryser, 4:20) gives background information

on the trip to Brittany by French Premier Chirac accompanied by

Breton Ministers in order to discuss measures to boost the region’s

economy. Reference is made to Breton nationalism as a relevant

factor.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES: -

1. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 145 (Gittelson, Gordin, Uzgol,

Roitman, Mikhoels-Vovsi: M,. NY, 29:10) gives the substance of an

article by Professor Henry Feingo3:61. of New. York University in the

yearly Jews in the USA in which he predicts that -the USA bicentehhial

will usher in a burgeoning of Jewish culture in the USA.

2. The Role of Philosphy in the Modern World No. 6 (Pyatigorsky: L, 1.3:.30) discusses philosophical and scientific criticism of Freudianism.

Cinema in New York No. 9 (Gabay: NY, 4:04) previews Stanley

_Kubrick’s new film Barry Lyndon.

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NEWS COVERAGE

Zaire accuses Cuban troops in Angola of shelling border

town, says act is "casus belli."

Kissinger to visit Denmark’. before Moscow; will go on

to Madrid after briefing NATO on Moscow talks.

Spanish government pledges continued reform; Cortes to

revise constitition and electoral law; Madrid police

break up demonstration by women.

Supreme Soviet delegation holds talks in Bonn.

East Germany announces five-year plan targets.

Kissinger .briefs African ambassadors on Angola.

Al Ahram says USSR urges Arabs not to try to change

UN Mideast resolutions. .

Briton wins European figure-skating championship.

Moynihan says detente with USSR will lead to increased

ideological conflict.

China criticizes USSR and US in UNSC over Middle East.

Ferocious street fighting reported in Beirut.

World Councilof Churches concerned over DUdko and

Yakunin’s fate.

US congressman Dodd says Hillel Khayet granted permission

to leave USSR. � South Africa reiterates refusal to accept Angolan refugees.

Portugal’s leftists organize anti -government rally.

Madrid police arrest dozens of strike advocates.

Paul Robeson suffers stroke.

Security Council completes first week of Mideast debate.

Peron sacks four ministers.

Ecuador seeks to increase oil export.

Former Bangladesh.Foreign Minister sentenced to life

imprisonment for corruption.

Rumanian family reunited’ in US.

US demonstrators support Temkin.

----East European emigres hold meeting in southern

-French teachers union supports Plyushch.

Portuguese interior minister opens pre-election

Antunes meets with Strougal.

Portugal and Yugoslavia agree to expand trade.

IMPLA vows to continue fighting.

4J3-Snanish talks gain new Womentum.

Germany.

campaign.

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Khaddafy confirms arms used against rioting students.

Italian coalition consultations.

UN man holds talks about East Timor with Indonesian leaders.

Lebanese air force planes attack units besieging Christian town.

USSR Supreme Soviet delegation refuses to attend Bundestag defense debate.

Luns ends talks in Iceland.

Israel denies reports of Rabin-Hussein meeting.

UN troops hand vacated Sinai territory to Egyptians.

All invitations to attend Soviet maneuvers accepted.

UK shipping council condemns Soviet merchant navy practices.

Amalrik on political trials in USSR.

Palestinians claim to have shot down one Lebanese fighter and one paratroop helicopter.

Gromyko receives ’dew Syrian ambassador.

Kissinger reportedly submits new SALT proposals to USSR.

Ford bans publication of two intelligence reports.

Iceland gives UK a week to withdraw warships.

New Norwegian government outlines foreign policy. -

Soviet-Norwegian differences over Spitzbergen.

Over 20,000 Norwegian women sign petition protesting anti-Semitism in USSR.

Zaire says it will declare war on MPLA if its troops commit further acts of aggression against Zaire.

Ford to continue search for diplomatic settlement of Angolan conflict.

Portuguese leftists begin demo despite government ban.

Senator McGovern ends talks in Saigon, flies back to Hanoi.

UK urges Ulster parties to seek compromise on future form of government.

East German CF publishes new draft party statutes.


Russian Broadcast Analysis No. 14

for January 17-18, 1976

D. Felton




1. The subject of the January 17 Round Table Discussion No.. 190

(Krassowsky, Bensi, Henkin, Finkelstein: M, 20) is the Soviet

intervention in Angola.

2. The World Last Week No. 283 (Beloborodov, Bensi, Bykowsky,

�Chuguyev, Henkin, Salkazanova, Krassowsky: M, NY, Washington,

London, Paris, Bonn., 20) contains an item on Kissinger’s upcoming

visit to Moscow which will focus on SALT (in particular the status

of the Soviet long-range bomber and the US cruise missile), and

Angola.

3. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 98 (Belotserkovsky, Roitman,

Matusevich: M, 20) contains items on the Soviet authorities’

refusal to allow Sakharov to move to his wife’s Moscow flat; the

Soviet press’s role in prejudicing the case of an accused before

his

trial and deliberately misinforming the public after a trial as

illustrated by the cases of Rokotov and Faybishenko in 1961,

Bukovsky, Kushev and Delon in 1967, and Sinyavsky and Daniel

in 1966; a Selskaya zhizn report on reprimands issued to senior

officials in a number of oblasts for failing to maintain un-

interrupted supplies of staple foodstuffs; and a Literaturnaya

gazeta article which highlights the acute housing problem in the

USSR.

4. A Special Feature (Schlippe: M, 29:00), presents an interview

given in Vienna on January 11 to RL’s correspondent by Tatyana

00, Zhitnikova, wife of Leonid Plyushch.

5. Russia Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow No. 637-(Koryakov: NY, 13;30)

points to the repression of Sergey Kovalev and Leonid Plyushch by

the Soviet authorities last year and asks in this connection whether

international detente is possible without detente in the USSR.

6. Economists on the Soviet Economy No. 65 (Chianurov: M, 9)

gives the substance of an article by Swiss journalist Linder in

Swiss Review of World Affairs which points to the rigid bureau-

cracy of the Soviet economic system, with its inflated hierarchical

-structure, dogmatism and buck-passing officials.

7. In Religion in the Modern World No. 241 (Bourdeaux: M, 8:30),

British pastor Michael Bourdeaux discusses statements by Soviet

civil rights activist Mikhail Agursky, who emigrated to Israel last

April, on samizdat and "tamizdat" publications as representing a

"free press" in the USSR."

8. The Present Through the Prism of the Past No. 30 (Antonovich:M,9)

notes the Soviet leadership’s silence on Lenin’s postulates

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on the dictatorship of the proletariat and the "subordination

of the interests of the proletarian struggle in one country

to the interests of this struggle on a worldwide scale" which

in fact form the basis of Soviet pdlicy. Reference is hereby

made to Lenin’s ruthless campaign against the "workers’

aristocracy," and the fact that its ranks have now been

swelled by all manner of agitators and propagandists.

9. In Journalist’s Notebook No. 88 (Skorbina: M, 9), a former

Soviet woman journalist refers to her own experience as well as

to a Pravda feuilleton and a reader’s letter to KomsomolskaVa

Pravda in highlighting the problem of agricultural specialists

In the USSR being forced to take up wbrk outside their field

owing to resistance by sovkhoz and kolkhoz officials blocking

available positions despite their lack of qualifications.

10. Letters and Documents No. 1120 (Burstein: M, 25:50) presents

the second instalment of the contents of the 37th issue of the

samizdat Chronicle of Current Events, giving material on trials of

Soviet citizens refusing to do military service on account of their

intention to .emigrate to Israel.

11. In Topic of Discussion No; 207 (Rudolf: NY, 18:15) of

January 18, mathematician Ye. Breytbard, sister of writer Vladimir

Maksimov, talks about her life and her work at the USSR Academy

of Pedagogic Sciences.

12. In Camp Topics. No. 8 (Levitin-Krasnov: M, 9), Russian church

writer Anatoliy Levitin-Krasnov tells the story of a fellow

prisoner in a Soviet concentration camp, a now British citizen by

the name of Artur Gabriilovich Skarovsky who left Britain for the

USSR in 1930 when a boy after his mother remarried a veteran

Russian revolutionary then in London, and was subsequently sentenced

to ten years in a Soviet concentration camp for trying to get into

contact with his English relatives. .Skarowsky has been applying iplip

unsuccessfully for permission to_emigrate to_Britain.

13. Theater Horizons No. 75 (Yelizaveta Igoshina: M, 8) takes

issue with the claim by the CPSU CC’s Institute of Marxism-Leninism

that an amateurish drama in verse by Friedrich Engels entitled

Cola di Rienzi, which it had published in Novy mir, displays realism

and solidarity with the masses.

14. .The Ideological State of Soviet Society No. 14 (Agurskyt M,9)

describes how the Soviet authorities began to restitute the

Russian Orthodox Church during World War Two after having all

but destroyed it; however, the church was at the same time turned

into an instrument of the state.

15. Fifty Years Ago This Week No. 79 (Hendler: NY, 13:10)

focusses on the progressive brain disease which finally killed

Lenin, quoting from reports by doctors and acquaintances of

Lenin, as well as Solzhenitsyn’s Lenin in Zurich. The show

is pegged to the second anniversary of Lenin’s death fifty years ago.

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16. World of Books No. 199 (Bobrov: M, 9) reviews Russian-born

French writer Joseph Kessler’s latest book Les temps sauvages

(Wild Times) in which he describes his experiences with a

French military mission in Vladivostok in 1919 during the civil

war in Russia.

17. In Religion: Decline or Rebirth? No. 39 (Shmeman: NY,9),

Father Alexander points to a religious revival which is now

taking place both inside and outside the USSR.

18. A Special Feature (Kunta: M, 27:10) gives the first part

of an article by Abram Terts (Audrey Sinyavsky) entitled "Men

and Animals" published in the fifth issue of the quarterly Kontinent.

19. Letters and Documents No. 1121 (Burstein: M, 27) presents

�material in the 37th issue of the samizdat Chronicle of Current

Events on the trials of Lev Roytburd, Boris Mukhametshin and

Isaak Gilyutin as well as the cases of Sergey Kovalev and

Andrey Tverdokhlebov.

20. A Special Feature (Zavalishin: NY, 7:59) is devoted to the

life and work of Russian-born artist Erte (Roman Tyrtov) in

connection with an exhibition of his lithographs which has opened

in New York.


1. Human Rights No. 119 (Fedoseyev: M, 9) of January 18, gives

the contents of a letter by 59 Polish intellectuals to the Polish

Sejm, State Council and Secretariat of the Polish Primas in

response to the proposal by the Polish United Workers Party (PORP)

that an amendment be made to the Polish Constitution to the

effect that the PORP was "the leading force in the Polish state

and society." The 59 refer to the Helsinki document in calling

�for the freedom of conscience, religion, expression, information,

work and science, thereby contradicting the PORP proposal.


1. The World Last Week No. 283 (Beloborodov, Bensi, Bykowsky,

Chuguyev, Henkin, Salkazanova, Krassowsky: M, NY, Washington,

London, Paris, Bonn, 20) of January 17 contains items on the OAU’s

failure to reach an agreement on Angola; the UN Security Council’s

Middle East debate; the "cod war" between Britain and Iceland;

the proposal for election in Portugal; increased TV time in

France for political partners and trade unions; and the surprise

-election of opposition CDU candidate Albrecht as Minister-President

of Lower Saxony.

2. Signal No. 359 (Predtechevsky: M,9) of January 18 gives

the substance of an article in the January 12 issue of Der Spiegel

on the Cuban involvement in Angola, which the journal describes

as an attempt by the Cubans to repay the USSR for its aid.

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D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON COMMUNIST

COUNTRIES:

1. In Sunday.Talk No. 979 (Shmeman: NY, 9) of January 17,

Father Alexander discusses the meaning of baptism.

2. Panorama (Krassowsky, Davydov, Dudin, Savemark, Salkazanova,

Chuguyev: M, NY, Washington, Paris, London, 20) contains

items on: West European research on acupuncture; the CIA’s

abandonment of attempts to raise a sunken Soviet submarine off

Hawaii in order to avoid a possible confrontation with patrolling

Soviet vessels; the question of landing rights for the Concorde

in the USA; the observation in the USA of the 46th anniversary

of the birth of Martin Luther King; the presentation of 30

Kandinsky works to France by Kandinsky’s widow; and the life

and work of Agatha Christie who has just died at the age of 85.

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NEWS COVERAGE

January 17, 1976

Karame says Lebanese army will not support Christians.

Rumanian delegate speaks in UNSC Mideast debate..

Zaire to ask UNSC to investigate shelling of village.

Icelandic parliamentary commission recommends breaking ties

with Britain.

Egyptian economic minister holds talks with Austrian firms.

FRG gives Egypt 50 million dollar credit.

OPEC financial experts end Vienna meeting.

Bundestag approves anti-terror bill.

Two West German women sentenced in East Berlin. for helping

escape; GDR citizen escapes to West Berlin.

USSR claims thousands of political prisoners in US.

Soviet skaters win dance title.

UNSC Mideast debate adjourned for weekend.

34 more ships with Angolan refugees head for Walvis Bay.

Danish Premier calls for social-democratic break with pro-

Soviet communist parties.

Italian socialist leader calls for talks with communists.

Antunes satisfied with Portuguese-Czech talks in Prague.

Sakharov loses right to live in Moscow, wife fears his arrest.

Armenian composer & conductor asks for asylum in Austria.

Ceasefire between Lebanese army and Palestinians reported.

� Soviet-Portuguese trade rose

1000 percent in 1975.

Ford seeks end to foreign intervention in Angola.

Growing flow of refugees from Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia

into

Thailand.

Spain may apply to join EEC this year.

Krupp foundation gives Poland 1,300,000 marks for children’s

hospital.

Opposition leader calls on South Korean president to take

initiative in normalizing relations with communist states.

Record harvest will enable US to sell USSR more grain.

USSR officially informs Japan of release of fishermen.

Portuguese CF calls mass protest meeting.

Marcos in Djakarta, Asean summit to be held in February on

Bali.

Robledo resigns as vice-president of Peronist party.

Sadat confers with aides on Lebanese crisis.

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Lebanese Christians lose Jiye south of Beirut, continue siege

of Palestinian camps; Karame condemns air force raid.

Austria permits PLO to open office in Vienna.

Portuguese foreign minister arrives in Vienna from CSSR.

Poland protests to US over New York consulate bomb incident.

New Malaysian Premier confirmed as acting president of his party.

Fighting in Angola, mass exodus of refugees.

Five sentenced in Yugoslavia for anticommunism.

Greece to buy Soviet oil.

Egyptian debts estimated at 16,000,000,000 dollars.

Dutch government talks with South Mollucans.

British soldier killed in Ulster.

FRG official on detente and ideological struggle.

East Berlin communist preparatory meeting continues.

Zaire air force intervenes in Angola.

Clerides takes back resignation.

Spanish police free half of arrested strikes organisers.

January 18, 1976

Zaire sends aircraft to bomb Angolan railway junction, warns

of consequences of.Cuban aggression in Angola, threatens to

intervene itself.

Antunes criticizes left-wing demonstrations, blames communists

for POrtugal’s economic difficulties.

Spanish policeman killed in bomb blast.

Two killed and 18 injured in Ulster bomb explosion.

USSR gives aid to North Vietnam.

Sakharov denied permission to reside in wife’s apartment.

Karam t announces cease-fire following Arab envoys’ meeting

with Lebanese president. ,

Dianne de Leeuw wins European women’s figure skating championship.

Allon welcomes prospects of diplomatic relations with Spain.

Kissinger reportedly expects diplomatic settlement in Angola.

Spanish communists call for demonstration to demand amnesty

for all political prisoners.

Shooting continued through the night in Beirut.

Danish politicians discuss violation of human rights in USSR.

IOC to make statement on Montreal games January 28.

New cease-fire fails to take hold in Beirut.

Nyerere defends African support for Soviet and Cuban involvement

in Angola.

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Portuguese-Czechoslovak communique.

Spanish police search for policeman’s murderers.

British troops in Ulster discover big haul of explosives.

USSR expresses determination to limit strategic arms.

UN envoy ends talks on Timor with Indonesian leaders.

European socialist leaders meet in Denmark.

Christians storm Moslem area of Beirut. -

Zaire informs USSR and Cuba that it will protest aggression

to UNSC.

Cuban aircraft still using Azores in arms airlift to Angola.

Schmidt convinced USSR and US will continue with detente.

Sakharov to ask Academy of Sciences to intercede for him.

Spanish police arrest 50, including labor lawyers.

Japanese business delegation leaves for Peking.

Waldheim calls for end to conflict in Lebanon.

US delegation arrives in Madrid to resume negotiations on bases.

Russian wife of US professor may have to wait seven years to

join husband.

Two Thai soldiers killed in clash with communist insurgents.

Lebanese prime minister resigns.

Antunes holds talks in Vienna with Portuguese envoys to East

European countries.

French and Spanish interior ministers confer in Nice.

Cyprus inter-communal talks to resume February 17.

Fe- 77c)


Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 15 for January 19, 1976 A. Barry

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian Service appears at the end of the DBA)


1. The first part of the Press Review (Henkin: 05:10) is devoted to Kissinger’s trip to tioscow. The London Times writes

� that by going to Moscow, Kissinger is showing that he feels that detente is still alive, and draws attention to his re-marks on Angola. The Washington Post carries an article which notes that, although it has not been officially announced, some formalities have been simplified for those wishing to emigrate from the USSR as a gesture to show that the Soviet authorities are implementing the Helsinki document. Elizabeth Pond writes in the Christian Science Monitor that the recent wide Soviet press coverage of the SALT talks indicates that the Kremlin is still deeply interested in reaching an agreement. Gerard Smith, writing in The New York Times recalls that the USSR was accused of violating the i7 provisional agreement on the limitation of strategic offensive weapons. The New York Times also carries an article on US and Soviet differ-ences of opinion with regard to the 1974 Vladivostok agreement. L’Echo writes that observers in Western capitals are pessi-757177 about the probable outcome of Kissinger’s talks. Libre Belgique, expressing the hypothesis that there is a secret agreement between the US and USSR on the division of spheres

� of influence in Angola, notes that if there is no such agree-ment, we are heading toward a big conflict which could even-tually mean the end of detente and a return to cold war.

2. New York Report No. 4903 (Hendler: NY, 05:10) reviews Anatolly Ivlarchenko’s new book From Tarusa to Chuna recently published in Russian by "Khronika Press" in New York.’

3. Letters and Documents No. 1122 (Burstein: M� 25:40), includes the following samizdat documents which appeared in the 37th issue of the Chronicle of Current Events: "In Perm Camps," "In Mordovian am-Ds,irinrrison" and "In Psychiatric HcL,picals."

4, A Special Broadcast (Tertz/Kunta: MI 27:30) continues reading From Abram =Fs’ "Men and Animals" which appeared in the first issue of the quarterly journal Kontinent.

2

5, In Man On Earth No. 71 (Lobds: NY, 13:30), Lobas discusses

the destruction of rivers and reservoirs, resulting from a predatory utilitarian attitude toward nature, as one of the reasons for drought in the Soveit Union.

6. In We Abroad No. 15 (Rozanova: P, 13:30), Leningrad poet Vasily 7777177-7737-177ing in Paris, religious writer Levitin-Krasnov, presently living in Switzerland, and Leningrad artist Vasily Shemyakin, also living in Paris, discuss their attitudes toward emigration -- whether.it can be considered as victory or defeat.

7. Radio Seminar No. 338 (Koryakov: NY, 13:30) is devoted to a di-s-677-sion o =17775hilosophers in England and focuses on the chapter by Professor Zernov entitled "The Russian religious experience and its influence on England" included in the book Russian Religious-Philoso hical Thought in the 20th Century, w ic ikas recent ’’y pus ishe in ussian by ittsburgh University press.

8. The first part of Cultural Review No. 1014 (Bakhrakh: � M2.6:30) is devoted to-7174277TertslnnyavskyTT new book Walks with Pushkin.

9. Betaki on Poetry No. 91 (Betaki: P, 07:00) discusses the work of young poets who participated in the sixth All Union Conference of Young Writers.

10. Cinema and Life No. 24 (Gabay: NY, 07:00), is devoted to Soviet cinematography (luring the "thaw," the period immediately after Stalin’s death.

11. Vladimir Vysotsky sings "Horizon" on Sound of Strings No. 405 (Mitina: M, 04:3)),

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. In her Report from Paris (Salkazanova, P, 05:10) RL’s Salkazanova gives etailT�OF the French Communist Party’s rejection of the concept of dictatorship of the proletariat as obsolete and notes the Pravda article in which Academician Timofeev refers to opponenr7-77�scientific communism who are forced to cast doubt upon the need for a dictatorship of the proletariat.

2. Former editor in chief of "Problems of the History of the Communist Party of Cchoslovakia" and professor at the higher CC CPCS party college, Frantishek Silnitsky, speaks about the events of February, 1948 in Czechoslovakia on 30 Years From Alliance to Detente No. 34 (Lavrov: Mt 13:30).

3. The second portion of Cultural Review No. 1014 �(Litvinov, M, 6:30) discusses the life and work of the late Hungarian artist Laszlo Mohay-Nady and focuses on an exhibition in Budapest of his works arranged to mark the 80th anniversary of his birth.

3


1. UN Report No. 585 (Bukovsky: NY, 0420) focuses on the January 16th press conference by "Unita" spokesman Jeremiah Chitunda in which he called on all nations of the world to support his movement in its struggle to put an end to foreign interference in Angolan internal affairs and describe the current state of affairs in Angola.

2. Books, Journals and Ideas No. 50 (Kudryatsev: NY, 09:00) discusses Averill Harriman’s memoirs Special Envoy to Churchill and Stalin by A. Harriman and E. Abel.

3. In his Report From Paris (Ryser: P, 05:30), RL’s corres-pondent discusses the reaction in France to Belgian Prime

410 Minister Tindemans’ proposals for the political unification of Europe which would lead to increasing the power of the European parliament, the European Commission and the abolishing of the veto at EEC foreign ministers meetings); and the re-action to recent changes in the French government. Supporters of European integration welcome Tindemans’ proposals, while the French communists and certain Gaullist circles oppose the proposals and the increased influence of "Europeans" in the French government. It is also explained that contrary to what Makarevich maintained in his recent Za rubezhom article, there have been no attempts made to infringe upon tn.’ sovereignty of the nine EEC nations.

4. Economic Observer No. 196 (Dreyer: NY, 04:20) reports on the "agreement reached at the International Monetary Fund "conference in Kingston, which provides for legalizing floating exchange rates and the elimination of the gold standard.

5. The third and fourth sections of Radio Journal "Europe

410 Today" (Predtechevsky: M, 06:30) consist ora.report on the 1777.7rical situation in Portugal just before parliamentary elections and a report on current discussions about decentra-lization in France.


1. The first and second sections of Radio Journal "Europe Today", (Predtechevsky: M. 06:30) are devoted to British 7737761, Dercl_ 7.-negan’s thoughts about the EEC and a report on the living standard of a Belgian bookkeeper’s family.

NEWS COVERAGE

Israeli government proposes heavy penalties for diplomatic leaks.

MPLA preparing attack on central Angolan town.

Leftist attempt to provide cheap food for people of Lizbon falls flat.

Police break up Basque demonstration in Bilbao, lawyers de-monstration in Madrid.

Scottish Labor Party inaugurated in Glasgow.

Egypt offers to mediate in Lebanon.

Rumanian CF Secretary to meet with Libyan Premier.

Bilbao demonstrators demand release of all Basque political -prisoners

No progress made toward final document for communist conference.

Three French publications report many Soviet diplomats in France are agents.

Kissinger goes to Moscow today.

South Vietnam links normalization with US to economic aid.

European socialist leaders continue meeting in Denmark.

Newsweek says USSR last week took over airlift of Cuban troops to Angola.

Soviet vessel, aground on Kayak, floats free.

Italian police arrest alleged leader of left-wing "Red Brigades."

Sakharov has no telephone contact with Wst.

European liberal parties sey up human rights commission.

Situation in Lebanon.

Israel again warns Syria against intervention in Lebanon.

Spanish railway workers conscripted into army. .

Miki reiterates determination to normalize relations with China.

"Praxis" Marxists apply for permission to hold summer school.

Sheila Cassidy testifies before UN Human Rights Commission.

Lebanese students demonstrate at embassy in Cairo..

Australian Foreign Minister holds talks about Timor in Indonesia.

President Franjieh declines Karami’s resignation.

Lebanese students conduct sit-in at embassy in Cairo.

Peres says Sy-rian intervention could start.Ibraeli-Lebanese war.

Revolutionary Council meets in Lisbon.

Alltunes continues talks with Portuguese envoys to East European countries in Vienna.

USSR ambassador in Bonn invites Berlin deputies to reception after all.

Tito postpones Mexico trip owing to disposition.

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USSR releases 23 Japanese fishermen.

Socialist leaders continue meeting in Elsinore,,,

MPLA leader refuses to say when Cubans would leave Angola; refugees at Walvis Bay.

Australian-Indonesian ties to be developed despite Timor problem..

Kissinger due to Moscow tolporrow.

Icelandic coastguard cutter collides with British trawler.

Luns says he is not mediator in cod war, but will make suggestions in talks with British Foreign Minister.

Census to be conducted in South Vietnam at beginning of February.

Arab League Secretary-General calls for Arab summit on Lebanon.

Unita ’claims successes against MPLA in Angola fighting.

� POLISARIO to try two Frenchmen captured in Western Sahara.

US-Spanish negotiations on bases resume in Madrid.

Dr. Cassidy says Chileans forced statement denying torture!

Lloyds announce most costly ship loss.

Situation in Lebanon.

Israel warns against Syrian intervention in Lebanon.

Israeli journalists oppose new secrets legislation.

UNSC Mideast debate resumes.

Spanish Premier blames strikes on subversive elements.

Socialist leaders meeting in Elsinore ends, Schmidt rejects cooperation with communists for FRG.

Mikhail Heyfet’s mother appeals to Soviet, French and Italian CF leaders on behalf of her son.

7L0 G-1

� FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN RLC/RL� ONLY


for January 20, 1976 D. Felton




1. The Press Review (Rahr: M, 4:20) is devoted in its

entirety tc Kissinger’s visit to Moscow. The Moscow corres-

pondent of The New York Times, Christopher Wren, says while

the Soviet leaders are interested in progress in the SALT

talks, especially on the eve of the 25th CPSU Congress,

there are little grounds for believing they are willing to

make any concessions on Angola or the Geneva Middle East

peace conferences for example. The Chicago Tribune feels

the USSR’s lack of flexibility over Angola could lead to

the end of detente. The French newspaper L’Aurore considers

that US concessions over SALT in exchange for the cessation

of Soviet intervention in Angola could be used by the Soviet

leadership at the 25th CPSU Congress to demonstrate the far-

sightedness of its policies. Another French newspaper,

Le Figaro, speaks of possible apparent concessions by the

Soviets even over Angola, where, however, the MPLA’s position

has already been sufficiently strengthened. The lesson to

the third world is that Soviet arms and Cuban troops are

ready to gUarantee the success of revolutionary movements

in other developing countries as well. The British Guardian

suggests Kissinger will not insist too much on SovieT7777--

cessions in Angola, since he has made it clear he considers

SALT much more important. The Neue Zuercher Zeitung points

out that Kissinger is in a difficult position insofar as

"right-wingers" demand he extract genuine concessions and

genuine detente from the USSR, "left-wingers" reproach him

for not being sincere on detente, while the Chinese criticize

him for ignoring the Soviet threat.

2. In a Paris Report (Salkazanova: M 7:30), an interview is

given with Russian writer Viktor Nekrasov in which he describes

his meetings with Leonid Plyushch upon his arrival at Paris’s Orly

Airport and later in the house of a French mathematician in

Paris where Plyushch is now staying. Nekrasov expressed

relief that Plyushch was in relatively good shape.

3. Sociolop of Science No. 39 (A. Vardy: Ms 9) presents an interview with Soviet dissident Viktor Faynberg, confined in a special Soviet psychiatric hospital after taking part in a demonstration against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia,

2R

who ascribes the large number of mentally ill persons in

the USSR to the consequences of Stalin’s terror,

World War II, and subsequent physical and psychological

harassment and mistreatment of Soviet citizens by the

Soviet authorities.

4.� Through the Eyes of a Foreigner No. 99 (Predtechevsky:

149 8:43 gives tSe contents of an article in The International

Herald Tribune by William F. Buckley, Jr. entitled "Russia

MilomtNature4 and one by Rudolf Chimelli in the Sueddeutsche

Zeitung entitled "The Shabashnik Comes Quiokly and Illegally"

which aeal with the "economic underground" in the USSR.

5, Problems of Labor and Democracy No. 55 (BelotserkovskY:

Me 10:40) asks why the USSR is so intensively developing its

heavy industry when it is so patently failing to substantially

improve the standard of living of the population or make the

country independent of foreign food supplies.

6. Basis for Hope No. 162 (R. Dudin: NY, 9) continues to

discuss the controversy in the USA over an ABC TV film on

the USSR produced under close surveillance by the Soviet

authorities which presents the official "varnished" picture

of Soviet reality, The ABC point to their interest in

coverning the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow.

7, Por-trki-tsof My terrnoraries No, 4 (Kushev: Ms 9),

Sovi=7:77=7-7TiTe.EIT7lagh-e-V recalls his fellow-dissident

Sergey Kolosov� editor of a samizdat Journal of Socialist

Democracy who died mysteriously after being caned up into

the army.

8. In the Ranks No, 39 (Shchetinsky: M, 9) a former Soviet

soldier who served on the Soviet-Chinese frontier from 1966-

1969 recalls his encounter with a deserter who deserted

because he could find nothing good in Soviet reality 9 and

tells of rumors of five soldiers who disappeared into the

taiga and were never found, of a Soviet fighter being shot

down accidentally by a Soviet missile in the Powers U-2

incident, and of cosmonaut Komarov cursing the Soviet system

just before his death.

9. Cinema and Life No. 25 (Gabay: NY, 8:20) recalls two

films which appeared in the USSR in 1956 - Alien Relations,

directed by Shveytser, the first Soviet postwar film to

accurately convey the atmosphere of Soviet kolkhoz life,

and .uEip in Zarechna a Street, directed by Mironer and

Khutsiyev, whose hero is a shok worker who seeks spiritual

and cultural values outside his work.

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100 Letters and Documents No. 1123 (Burstein: M9 26:30)

presents the fi?th installment of the 37th issue of the

samizdat Chronicle of Current Events, which contains mat-

erial on harassment of Crimears Tatars and Lithuanian dissidents

11. In a Si)ecial Feature (Kunta: M0 28:45), the third and

final part is given of an article by Abram Terts (Andrey Sinyavsky) entitled "Men and Animals," published in the

fifth issue of the quarterly Kontinent.

12. In Sound of Strings No. 406 (Mitina: My 4:30), Bulat Okudzhava sings 6The Main Song" and "A Woman Stopped Loving

Me,"


1. An Analysis (Predtecl-evsky: 4:50) examines the new party program and statute and directives on national economic

development in 1976-80 recently promulgated in the GDR, noting

that these documents reflect the SED leadership’s sober appraisal of the country’s potential. It is made clear, for example, that the long-awaited rise in living standards is

dependent on increased labor productivity; and in contrast

to the Ulbricht period, there is only a modest reference

to "the development of socialist society." The analyst points to the connection _between the announcement of the intention to keep prices stable during the period in question

and propaganda references to inflation in capitalist countries The documents also deny special relations with the FRG, and indicate increasing dependence on the USSR.

2. A Paris Report (Ryser, 4:40) on the meeting of European socialist and social -democratic parties in Helsingoer focusses on the resolution on assistance to the Spanish and Portuguese socialist parties and the debate on cooperation with communist parties, northern European parties being against such cooperation, southern European parties being for it.

3. The World Abroad No. 3 (Predtechevsky4 Storozhenko� Shilaerf: M9 DIC79 20) contains an item (Peking and its Policy No. 356) on US journalists’ and tourists view of the Chinese People’s Republic, which is now more sober and objective compared with the excessive enthusiasm they expressed in 1972. While acknowledging the CPR’s achievements, reference is made to the regimentation and ideological indoctrination involved.


1. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 5:10) expresses the view that the ralestinians are responsible for the civil war in the Lebanon whose present escalation has been highlighted by the

4R

resignation of Prime Minister Karame. The Lebanon, says

the analyst, made a fatal mistake when in 1969 it signed

the Cairo agreement allowing the PLO to operate against

Israel from Lebanese territory. Reference is made to the

Soviet weapons supplies to the warring parties, and the

fact that Israeli intervention would be inopportune at

present in view of current diplomatic activity on the

Middle East.

2. The World Abroad No. 3 (Predtechevsky� Storozhenko,

Shilaefl° )4 NY, 20) contains an item pointing to the order

and relative wellbeing of Palestinians in the Israeli-con-

trolled Gaza strip, who although advocating an independent

Palestinian state, dissociate themselves from the Palestinian

terrorists,

3. A Special Report No, 4904 (Gratzky: NY, 2:40) discusses

the US State fepartment9s announcement of the US government’s decision to renew military assistance to Yugoslavia in the

form of weapons and equipment, noting that this is in accord-

ance with the USA’s policy aimed at preserving Yugoslavia’s

full independence from the USSR.

40 Washington Report No. 635 (Savemrk, 5:50) highlights

President Ford’s State of the Union message, among other

things notihg his optimism 9n foreign policy, his criticism

of the Senate over Angola and his remark that while the

domestic situation is better than a year ago, it is still

not good enough.

5. A London Report (Chuguyev, 5:10) gives the background to

the recent compromise in the "cod war" between Britain and

Iceland under which Britain has agreed to withdraw her naval

vessels from the 200-mile fishing zone claimed by Iceland

provided Iceland does not interfere with British vessels in

the area, It is noted that while Britain is legally in the

right, Iceland exploits her "underdog" status and the

presence of NATO bases on her soil.

6, The subject of New York Report No, 4905 (Hendler� 4:50)

is the sentencing of Sarah Jane Moore to life imprisonment

for attempting to assassinate President Ford last September.

The judge’s statement is quoted to the effect that Sarah

Jane Moore was the product of a society which had become

too tolerant towards violence and radicalism.

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D. CULTURAL* SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST

COUNTRIES:

1, The World Abroad No. 3 (Predtechevsky, Storozhenko*

Shilaeff: M9 gY9 2t) contains items on the launching of a

Canadian communications satellite for beaming educational

and cultural programs to remote northern regions of Canada;

the laying of the trans-Atlantic cable between the USA and

Europe in the last century (Across the Ocean No. 1119); and the reaction in Adelaide to a prediction that the world

was about to come to an end.

2. Art Under Totalitarianism No. 2 (Golomshtok: M0 8:20)

draws a parallel between the art of Fascist Italy and the

socialist realist art which emerged in the USSR.

Lebanese Interior Minister says outside help could end civil war.

Algeria denies it is offering USSR naval base.

West European socialists split on cooperation with communists.

Marchais dismisses Soviet criticism of speech.

EEC foreign Ministers meet in Brussels on Spain.

OPEC finance ministers to meet January 26 in Paris.

Riad favors Arab summit before end of month.

Plans for modernizing Suez Canal.

FRG human rights society calls for rallPviation of Bukovsky’s lot.

British exports to Eastern Europe rise by 40 percent over 1974.

Kissinger arrives in Moscow.

UNRWA to move headquarters from Beirut to Vienna temporarily.

Revolutionary Council regrets growing rightist bias in Portuguese�

press.

EEC foreign ministers decide to resume trade talks with Spain soon.

Iceland decides not to break relations with Britain.

Lebanese Interior Minister blames Palestinians for crisis.

Revolutionary Council due to meet with Portuguese political

parties today on amending platform of joint action.

Italian Premier designate meets with socialist party leaders.

Left-wing students briefly occupy Soviet embassy office in Paris.

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NEWS COVERAGE

Sakharov unable to see police official over registration.

Moynihan warns UNSC against changes in basis for Mideast peace talks.

Fahmi says France to compensate Egypt for 1973 war losses.

US State Department says 8,000 Cubans now in Angola.

Iceland to break relations with Britain if latter’s warships and planes not out of economic zone by January.

Lebanese Interior Minister claims invasion by Syrian troops; Palestinian fighting units reportedly invade Lebanon from Syria.

Israel takes defensive measures in case of Syrian intervention in Lebanon.

Zaire President says USSR succeeded in dividing Africa.

British vessels to be withdrawn from Icelandic economic zone.

� Mikhail Heifets’ mother appeals for his release.

Ford’s State of the Union message.

Soviet foreign trade Minister visits Syria.

Socialist leaders reject cooperation with communists.

Kissinger begins talks in Moscow today.

Spanish opposition groups plan mass demonstration to call for full amnesty.

Iraq suggests transferring UN from New York.

Morocco accuses Libya of inciting Algeria against it.

Unita tries to help FNLA against MPLA.

Socialist leaders reject collaboration with communists.

Vietnam announces elections.

Poland wants to reopen private bakeries and butcher shops.

Tokyo airport alerted against terrorism.

Lebanese Interior Minister meets with Franjieh.

Lebanese students stage sit-in in consulate in Alexandria.

Thatcher criticizes Soviet involvement in Angola.

Carvalho arrested f role in coup attempt.

USSR plans nuclear blasts as part of project to save Caspian Sea

Kissinger stops in Copenhagen on way to Moscow.

Riad meets with Arab ambassadors to discuss Lebanon.

Admiral Holloway says USSR gains in compe tion for control of seas.

Ford administration asks Congress for legislation for victims of Arab discrimination.

Moro continues efforts to form government.


- Russian Broadcast Analysis Ho. 17 for January 21, 1976..� D. Felton

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian Service appears at the end ofthe DBA.)

A. USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, FCONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL:

1. The substance is given of The New York Times editorial pointing to Japan’s tough stand during Gromyko’s recent v1s;t to Tokyo on the question of a peace treaty with China.

2. A Bonn Report (Krassowsky, 4:50) on the visit of a USSR Supreme Soviet delegation led �by Chairman of the Supreme Soviet’s Council of the Union Shitikov makes special reference to Shitikov’s reaffirmation of the Soviet standpoint on re-lations between the FRO and West Berlin. At a reception given by the USSR Parliamentary Group in the Soviet Embassy, FRG President, Scheel expressed regret over Shitikov’s statement. Since ,West Berlin deputies Mattick and Amrehn were �not invited to the reception, it was boycotted by Bundestag chairwoman Annamarie Renger and CDU deputies.

3. Helsinki and Human Rights No. �4 (R. Dudin: NY, 8:30) con-trasts the pertinent passages of the Helsinki document with the Soviet authorities’ continued reluctance to allow marriages between Soviet citizens and foreign nationals.

4. Vital Problems of the Soviet Economy No. 14 (Chiantwov: 4:30) notes recent demands in the Ifrn ror the reestablishment of scientific -technical liaison firms which in the past proved their worth in quickly and efficiently implementing new ideas in production but were subsequently banned evidently becau5e the authorities were afraid of this display of private initiative.

5. Letters and Documents No. 1124 (Burstein: M, 25:15) present’s the sixth installment cf the 37th issue of the samizdat Chronicle of Current Events, which consists of material on the persecution of believers, out-of-court harrassment of dissidents, and the case of Vyacheslav Igrunov.

6. Modern Society and Education No. 57 (Svirsky, Schajovicz: M, 9) gives the full text of a’letter received by RL from Professor Melnik, who for many years worked in Moscow research-. institute and now teaches at Beersheba University in Israel, in which he descr;bes d4scrim;naticn by the Soviet authorities aTainst children of intellectuals wanting to go to university, evidently due to the authorities’ fear of the intellectuals independence of thought.

2

/. Socio-Economic Problems No. 18 (q1asenapp: M, 9) rejects the theory, presented by Jolfgang Leonhard in his book On the Eve of a New Revolution?, according to vrhich the capitalist and socialist systems will in time conv!?..Pge.

8. In a Special Feature (Agursky: M, 14) a portrait is given .cf Russian writerOanil Andreyev, coauthor of a so far un,-. .published.collection of humorous sketches of. imaginary characters compiled by inmates of.Vladimir prison under the title A Modern - Plutarch. Danal Andreyev, the son of Russian writer.Leonld Andreyev, died. in 1958.

9. In Cultural Review No. 1015 (Ivask: NY,. 7), Yuriy Favlovich Ivask, Irofessor-of Russian Literature at MassacImP,Ptts State University, talks about the work of’-writer Konstantin Leontev. A .Russian langua7e edition of books by Ivask cn Leontev’s life and work recently appeared in Switzerland.

10. In People and Events of Recent Russian History (Anin: Ms 9), historian and writer bavidiAnih gives.portraits of Savinkov, and Yevgeniy Azef, prominent members of the Russian .Socialist-Revolutionary Party’s "combat organization," which practiced "individual terror" against particularly odious officials of the Tsarist regime.

11. In a Special Feature (Kunta: Ms 26:35), the final Install-ment is given of an article by Abram Terts entitled "Men and Animals" published in the fifth issue of the quarterly Kontinent.

12. Church Singing No. 16 (TsiOlkoVich: M, 4:30) .contains two items777od is With Us" and "Christ is Risen from the Grave."


None


1. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:30) is devoted to Angola. The Christian Tcience Monitor expresses the supposition that irissInger will propose to �loscow an Africah compromise plan for a coalition government in Angola

.

between the MPLA and the UNITA - but without the FIILA. The --London Daily Telegraph feels Kissinger and Ford made a mistake

in letting it he known that they would not link SALT with Angola, gays the apparent impending withdrawal of South African troops is also a mistake. The newspaper particularly notes the USSR’s expansionist activities and the half-hearted western reaction.

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� 2. UN Report No. 586 (Bykowsky: NY, 4:40) focuses on US AmbassaJor Patrick Moynihan’s speech rejecting amendments to UN Security Council resolutions 242 and 338 on the Middle East and insisting that the question of PLO participation be decided at a -Geneva peace -conference.

3. The first part �of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:30) is -also devoted to the Middle East, in particular the Lebanese crisis. The New York Times fears a division of the Lebanon, armed intervention by (:yria and then Israel, and a new Middle East war. The Christian Science Monitor puts the principle blame for the Lebanese situation on the leaders of the Christian Maronite communities, who refused to share their power and influence with the Moslems. The International Eerald Tribune warns that the Lebanon could 1:ecome an outpost of .)ovet policy on the very borders of Israel, says this cen only be prevented by a compromise between Israel and moderate Ar:, forces, expresses approval of efforts by such US all!es as Japan and Britain to persuade Israel to review her pc14cy of refusing negotiations with the PLO; the US government is unfortunately holding back in order not to annoy Jewish voters in presidential election year. The Zurich Tagesanzeiger fears that a US veto in the UN Security Council could -prompt Syria to seek a decision on the Lebanese civil War Front. The Washington Star,on the other hand, says the Security nUnc51 debates were conceived by radical Arab forces as a means of drawing more moderate forces such as Egypt and Jordan along in their wake. The newspaper reels that this attempt has failed and hopes the March elections on Israeli-occupied Arab ter-ritories will demonstrate the PLO’s lack of support among the Palestinian people.

4. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 5:10) says Egyptian Foreign Minister Fahmi’s statement that France was helping to replace � Egyptian losses of military equipment in the October 1973 war is an attempt to present a purely mercantile transaction as political cooperation.

5. New York Report No. 4907 (R. Dudin, 4:20) describes US reaction to l’resident Ford’s State of the Union message; while Republicans were enthusiastic, Democrats and the Northeast coast press regarded it as colorless, pre-election rhetoric. 6. Washington Report No. 63g (Savemark, 5:30) gives the main points of President rord’s draft budget submitted to Congress. Among other things, it calls for 101 billion 100 million dollars for defense; the President does not exclude the possi-bility of additional funds beingrequired if the SALT talks fail.

7. A Brussels Report (Ryser, 4:50) notes the resolutions passed at an TIC Foreign Ministers conference in Brussels on credits to and trade relations with Portugal, Spain, Greece and Yugoslavia.

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8. Europe Today No. 507 (Predtechevsky, A. Vardy: M, 13:30) contains items on the views of singer Leo Ferre and West German manager Ludwig Boelkow on the need for a united Europe; plans for .a common passport for ditizens of ITC countries; the growth of Scottish nationalism; and the standard of living of a typical Austrian family.

9. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 5:30) of the meeting in Hamburg of AATO’s nuclear planning group outlines the group’ functions and composition, the presence in the port of Hambuce, of the Soviet oceanographic vessel ":1usson," and the issue of atomic missile security brought up at the meeting.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST iCOUNTRIES:

1. Tomorrow of the Planet Earth No. 143 (Patrushev: N, 9) points to the fact. that Ole potential benefits of scientific and technical progress are largely wiped out by population growth and arms expenditure, thus leading to a vicious circle.

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NEWS. COVERAGE

’January 21 1976

PFLP leader Habash says 600 PLA troops have entered Lebanon from Syria. French confirmation that Egypt’s war losses are being partially compensated by France. Vallee disperse would-be demonstrators in Madrid. Egypt agrees in principle to Arab summit over Lebanon. Discussion of Mideast draft resolution for UNSC continues. CDU/CSU Bundestag deputies boycott Soviet Embassy recept5en because Berlin deputies were not invited. Senator Jackson considers that US foreign policy has helped to further Soviet goals. Zaire sees threat to sovereignty in Cuban actions in Angola. Algeria accuses Morocco of genocide in West Sahara. Rabin to address joint session of Congress during US visit. Chilean junta closes radio station. China accuses USSR of aggression against Zaire. EEC to discuss expansion of trade with Portugal. Vietnamese elections set for April 25. GDR releases two woman sentenced for helping refugees escape to West; another trial begins in East Berlin. NATO nuclear planning group meets in Hamburg. Ford says free military aid for South Korea and some South American countries will end. Portuguese CP on contacts with rebel soldiers. USSR takes lead in world steel production. Kissinger-Brezhnev-Gromyko exchange on Angola before first session of talks. Senator Jackson considers Soviet foreign policy a greater danger to peace than at any time since Stalin. US delegation in Spain to wind up base talks. Moslems launch new offensive in downtown Beirut; evacuatiOn of Christian refugees from Damour continues; Syrian delegation starts talks in Beirut; King Hussein of Jordan arrives in Damascus. Arab students protest Lebanese events with sit-in at Arab league headquarters in Cairo. Eighteen Western non-Communist newspapers to go "on sale" in USSR. Kissinger talks with Brezhnev. Projected US defense budget for 1976-77. MPLA claim capture of Cele, Zairean air raids on Angola. Karamanlis arrives in Cairo, talks with Sadat. ICFTU scores World Bank for making loan to Chile. Sakharov refutes TASS attack on his wife. Concorde SST’s leave for Bahrein and Rio.

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Revolutionary Council members meet with Socialist Party leaders in Lisbon. Saudi Foreign Hinister arrives in FRG on visit. France ready to resume mediation in Lebanon. Soviet official says Soviet exchange of technical information with West not cne-way street. 1976-77 draft budget for RL and RFE. Indian press agencies afryee to government fusion plan. Lebanon declines proposal for Arab summit. Genscher on peace in M4dd1e East at dinner for Saudi Foreign MirtSter. Bundestag elections in FRG to be held October 3. One dead in Lisbon clash with police. French stomatologists appeal to Brezhnev on behalf of Korenblit and Nashpits.

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FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN RLC/RL ONLY,




1. A Note (Henkin: M, 4:30) on a ’Sovuzpechat report that more fliiTgign newspapers will be put on sale in the USSR asks whether the newspapers concerned will be made openly available in sufficient numbers. The script author describes the past and present restrictive Soviet practice in this area on the basis of personal experience, describes the huge Soviet orders for foreign CF newspapers as an elegant way of sub-sidizing them, and quotes Lenin’s statement that "We need full and truthful information. And truth should not depend on whomit is to serve."

2. In a Eitecial Feature (Schlippe: M, 24:30), an RL interview is given with gaialya Gorbanevskaya, who talks about the psychiatrists at the Kazan special psychiatric hospital, where she was confined after taking part in a demonstration against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. Quotes are given from the Medvedev brothers’ book Who is Mad?, and Bukovsky’s and Gluzman’s Psychiatric Handbook for Dissidents.

3. Soviet Notes No. 638 (Rudolf: NY, 4:35) reports on two new books about the USSR which have just appeared in the USA: The Russians, by Hedrick Smith, and Russia: The People and the Power by Robert Kaiser,

4. Letters and Documents No. 1125 (Burstein: M, 26:08) presents the seventh installment of the 37th issue of the samizdat Chronicle of Current gVents, consisting in material on the con roversy on the participation of Soviet Jewish scientists in an international cybernetic conference in Tbilisi last September; the rejection of General Petr Grigorenko’s pension claims; the Aleksandr Sokolov-Johanna Steindl affair; and miscellaneous items on the persecution of dissidents.

5. In Resistance Literature No. 12 (Svirsky: M, 18:20), writer Grigoriy Svirsky describes how an article of his on the suppression of free nought at Soviet universities was published in Partiynaya Zhizn as a result of the past Stalin "thaw" after having been reject as "anti-party" and "seditious."

6. Other Shore No. 565 (LovetskaYa: M, 24:25) presents the,

58th installmentof Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The



1. New York Report No. 4909 (Shilaeff, 5:10) expresses the

opinion that despite the return of the Soviet helicopter

crew and Chinese statements on the desirability of a normali-

zation of Sino-Soviet state relations, China’s policy towards

the USSR is hardly likely to be affected by the death of Chou

En-lai, particularly in view of the fact that Mao is still

at the helm.

2. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 5) notes the French CP’s

recent criticism of the Soviet authorities’ treatment of

dissidents and its renunciation of the term "dictatorship of

the proletariat;" although this has resulted in an increase

in the party’s popularity, some observers see it as a purely

tactical maneuver. The Belgian CP,in its newspaperprapeau

Rouge, has also begun to cautiously criticize certain aspects

of Soviet reality.

3. The World Abroad No. 4 (Predtechevsky, Pusta, Storozhenko,

Dreyer: M, NY, 27:10) contains an item (Economy of Modern

Capitalism: Dreyer, NY) on the growing

deficit of Comecon countries, especially the USSR, in trade

with the West (among other things, due to the poor Soviet

harvest and the worldwide recession) which may be expected

to make it more difficult for these countries to obtain the

necessary credits.


1. New York Report No. 4910 (L. Dudin, 5) focuses on the

discussions in the USA on detente, specifically whether

detente is only benefiting the USSR. James Reston, writing

in The New York Times, expressed the opinion that since

detente was an election issue, Moscow should be interested in

Kissinger’s present visit ending in some sort of success.

2. Washington Report No. 637 (Savemark, 4:30) gives the high-

lights of Senator Muskie’s reply to President Ford’s State of

the Union message. Among other things, Muskie said the Ford

administration was not doing enough to combat inflation and

unemployment, and called for an end to secret diplomacy and

US intervention in foreign countries unless US interests were

directly involved, and the continuation of detente.

Ł

3

3. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:30) is devoted to the clash between FRG Chancellor Schmidt and French socialist party leader Mitterrand at the meeting of European socialists and social-d0mocrats in Helsingoer, Schmidt rejecting cooperation with communists, Mitterrand advocating it, Schmidt supporting the Tindemans plan for the unification of Western Europe, Mitterrand insisting on unification on a socialist basis. Besides Die Welt, the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitun is quoted, which =r7h quoted Schthidtws remark that ifATO was an instrument not of ideological warfare but of self-defense.

4. Washin:ton Report No. 193 (Beloborodov� 5) notes that, although the defense budget submitted by President Ford to Congress calls for only a minimal real increase in defense

� spending, US defense capability will be strengthened due to a reduction in administrative and support costs. Among other things, the budget calls for the intensified development of cruise missiles. Reference is also made to massive Soviet defense spending.

5. The first part of the Press Revtew (Rahr: M, 5:30) is devoted to the White Paper just issued by the FRG Defense Ministry. The Bonn newspaper Die Welt says no Bonn government will be able to ignore the facts given in the White Paper on the change in the balance of forces between NATO and the Warsaw Pact. The **Frankfurter Rundschau questions the White Paper’s "flexible response doctrine, saying that an aggressor will only be deterred by the know-ledge that an attack would be responded to by a strike against his vital centers. The Neue Zuercher Zeitung agrees with the White Paper’s conclusion that true detente is only possible if Western Europe maintains its full defensive capacity. The Zurich Tagesanzeiger shares the FRG Defense Ministry’s fears

� that strengthening the Bundeswehr alone could arouse unpleasant associations among the FRG’s NATO allies. The Washington Post, quoting FRG Defense Miniktry sources, says the Soviets will at the MFR talks push first and foremost for a reduction in the size of the 495,000 man Bundeswehr rather than the with-drawal of 300,000 US troops based in Europe.

6. A Bonn Report (Krassowsky, 4:50) gives basic background information on the FRG pre-election scene.

7. The World Abroad No. 4 (Predtechevsky, Pusta, Storozhenkol Dreyer: M, NY, 27f10) contains an item on an "economic wonder" in Cyprus.


COUNTRIES:

1. A Note (Predtechevsky: M, 5:10) on the first regular

Concorarrlight points to the environmental and economic aspects of supersonic passenger travel, and ascribes the

USSR’s caution in operating the TU-144 (which does not yet

carry passengers) to the 1973 Le Bourget disaster, and to

the fact that she is waiting to see how the Concorde will

make out before putting it into international service.

2. The World Abroad No. 4 (Predtechevsky, Pusta, Storozhenko,

Dreyer: M, NY, 27:16) includes the following items from the

American scene (American Panorama No. 107, Storozhenko, NY):

new passports, for US citizens; inhabitants of Eniwetok

return to their native atoll, used as a proving ground for

atomic weapons; and Siberian birds migrate in winter to the

US East Coast.

3. Science and Technology Today No. 2 (Vladimirov: M, 29:25)

contains an interview with Russian-born US science fiction writer Isaac Asimov in which he talks about his books and

some of the theories expressed therein, and briefer items

on digital watches, a computerized administration system

in the Latvian radio industry, the TU-144 and Concorde SST’s)

and automatic cameras.

4. World of Sport No. 253 (Menchukov: Ms 4:30) refers to an

allegea "secret weapon" which will enable skiers at the up-

coming 12th Winter Olympics at Innsbruck to reach unpre-

cedented speeds.

5. The World Abroad No. 4 (Predtechovsky, Pusta, Storozhenko,

Dreyer: M, NY, 27:10) lists some of the records for 1975

contained in the Guiness Book of Records.

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NEWS COVERAGE

January 22, 1976

UNSC resumes Mideast debate. Group of American early warning post technicians arrive in Israel.

Spain’s Interior Minister calls for end of violence in Basque country.

Soviet authorities tell Jewish mathematician Lunts he may

emigrate to Israel. Lebanese Moslem leaders reportedly approve Syrian proposal for

ending conflict in Lebanon. Hussein ends talks with Assad returns to Amman

0 Belgian Communist party criticizes Soviet authorities over

treatment of dissidents. Rumsfeld says USSR close to parity with US on long-range missiles.

CORE national leader says US should pressure USSR and South

Africa to withdraw military aid and troops from Angola.

Progress reportedly made in Kissinger-Brezhnev talks on

new nuclear weapons agreement. Non-aligned nations propose new working paper for UNSC Mideast debate.

MPLA forces reportedly take two towns from UNITA troops. China ready to support Japan’s claim to Soviet-held Kurile islands.

Demirel says Turkish-US relations cannot be normalized without

lifting arms embargo. McGovern calls for establishment of US diplomatic ties with

reunified Vietnam. � Warring factions in Lebanon agree to cease-fire. Democrats accuse Ford administration of inertia.

� Pugwash conference calls for a nuclear-free world. Civilian administration replaces Saigon’s military administration committee. USSR protests to France re -beating of Soviet Embassy officials

by extremists. Demonstration in support of Bukovsky organized in Bonn. Kissinger-Brezhnev talks delayed. Ford administration asks for 1,000 million dollars in military

sales credits for Israel. MPLA reportedly announces formation of air force to be manned

by mercenaries. �

Warsaw Pact political chiefs met in East Berlin Wednesday. Poland and Canada reach tentative agreement on fishing. Israeli troops on Lebanese border put on alert. �Carneiro criticizes Portuguese military’s plan to divide power, says it advocates dictatorship.

� Chile to allow Allende’s nephew to leave. USSR claims simplification of emigration procedure. Saudi Foreign Minister accuses Israel of seeking to occupy more Arab territory.

More bomb blasts plague Portuguese left-wing groups.

Honecker holds talks in Prague. Crew of Soviet Navy ship reportedly mutinied last November.

Organizers of attack on Soviet Embassy jailed in France.

German TV to show film about KGB agents. Neo-Nazis .go on trial in Duesseldorf. Karpov and Fischer to take part in chess tournament.

Sadat warns of effect of Lebanese division on Middle East.

Israeli Ambassador to UN says Lebanese crisis aimed at

distracting attention from Mideast debate. UNSC ends general debate on Middle East. Fahmi reports efforts to resume Geneva conference on Middle East.

Situation in Angola. Britain and USSR propose winding up Laos Control Commission.

.Soviet-US oil talks set for January 25. Ł

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FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN-RLC/RL ONLY




1. The first part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:40) is devoted to Kissinger’s visit to Moscow. The Christian Science Monitor commentator Charles W. Yost says that the section of

� the US population skeptical on detente as well as the still larger one placing excessive hope in detente are sufficiently influential to deprive the US government of support on detente if the USSR continues its ideological warfare and support for warring parties in civil wars in third world countries. The Washington Star correspondent Crosley Noyes writes that trg-average American, who would hardly survive an exchange of strategic nuclear blows between the USA and the USSR, is more concerned over the growing Soviet capacity in the field of conventional warfare. The French newspaper L’Aurore attributes Kissinger’s failure to demand genuine SorinT-ZUFCessions in exchange for US grain supplies, for example, to Ford’s pre -election vulnerability.

2. A London Report (Chuguyev, 4:40) focuses on the official protest delivered to the Foreign Office by Soviet Ambassador Lunkov over the protest against projected cuts in the British -armed forces by conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher and former Foreign Office official Julian Amery on the

� grounds of the continued Soviet military buildup. The British reply that Britain was a free country where anyone could express his opinion was also noted.

3. Through the Eyes of a Foreigner No. 100 (Predtechevsky: M, 4:3-b) quotes facts and figures on Soviet jamming from articles in Soviet Analyst and Atlantic Union.

4. Economists on the Soviet Economy No. 66 (Chianurov: M, 9) gives the substance of a paper by Professor Gertrude Schroeder of Virginia University noting that despite a considerable increase in the Soviet standard of living, the supply of goods and servicesis still unsatisfactory even compared with Eastern Europe.

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5. Jewish Cultural and Soviet Life No. 146 (Roitman, Gordin, Gitten-org=e177-W.: M, NY, 29:10) contains items on the new emigration procedure in the USSR (based on The Washington Post article of January 18) and a further excerpt from a so tar unpublished book by Natalya Mikhoels-Vovsi entitled My Father Mikhoels (Solomon Mikhoels was a famous Jewish actor who was murdered by Stalin’s agents in Minsk in January 1948.)

6. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 4:10) focuses on articles by Yefim Etkind and Viktor Nekrasov in the literary weekly

Nouvelles Litteraires on the Russian view of France and trench culture.

7. In Court Witness No. 11 (Dremlyuga: NY, 9) Vladimir Dremlyuga, participant in a demonstration on Red Square in 1968, describes his experiences in a prison camp in Yakutia.

8. In Betaki on Poetry No. 92 (Vasiliy Betaki: M, 8:40), poet Vasiliy Betaki quotes from and discusses verse produced by participants in the 6th All-Union Conference of Young Writers illustrating the Soviet authorities’exploitation of poetry as a propaganda tool for boosting work performance.

9. Letters and Documents No. 1126 (Burstein: M, 29) presents the eighth installment of the 37th issue of the samizdat Chronicle of Current Events, consisting in a section entitled flLetters and natements."

10. The Role of Economic Managers No. 8 (Kazantsev: NY, 9) expounds sociologist Aleksandr-Yanov’s view of Stalinism being based, like the regime of Iva:. the Terrible, on a dual system consisting of a political and a punitive apparatus, the leader or leaders acting as an all-powerful arbiter between them.

11. In a Special Feature (Calich, Nekrasov, Sinyavskaya: M, 18:47), exan er a ach and Viktor Nekrasov recall five meetings they had with each other under different circum-stances both in the USSR and the West. Mariya Sinyavskaya also features in the show.

12. Other Shore No. 566 (Lovetskaya: M, 29) presents the 59th installment of.Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Daily Life No. 17 (Glasenapp: M, 4:30) contrasts the abysial state of Soviet agriculture with the situation in Poland, where 3.5 million private farms not only supply domestic needs but export meat to the West.

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1. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:40)

is devoted to the situation in tfie Lebanon. Le Monde doubts

whether the truce estabOixialSyria’s initiative contains sufficient guarantees for the Lebanese Christians. The

Sueddeutsche Zeitung says the Lebanese civil war is being

kept alive by outside forces aiming to force the Lebanon to join the active opponents of Israel, pointing in this

connection to the Palestinian armed units which have poured

into the Lebanon from Syria.

2. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 5:10) places the civil war in

the Lebanon and the cease-fire brought about by a joint

Lebanese-Syrian-Palestinian committee within the context of

the Soviet aim of strengthening Syria and compromising

Egypt’s US-supported Middle East policy.

3. A Tel-Aviv Report (Perelman, 4:40) on the upcoming visit

of Israeli Premier Rabin to the USA notes the view of most

Israeli observers that in return for a US veto against an

anti-Israeli resolution in the US Security Council Rabin

will have to offer some kind of concession; mixed reaction

to Moynihan’s reference to the legitimate interests of all

peoples in the Middle East; and the fact that Rabin will be

accompanied by Yom Kippur war hero Ariel Sharon, known for

his tough position towards the Arabs.

4. Europe Today No. 508 (Predtechovsky: Ms 15:30) quotes

West rman horse rider Alwin Schockemoehl and British archi-tect Sir Frederick Gibberd on the need for a united Europe,

gives facts and figures on the life of an average French family, and points to nationalism in Ulster and Wales.

5. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 5:40) outlines the history

of the Pugwash conferences, noting that although the recent Pugwash conference in Madras managed to come out with a proposal for a treaty declaring the entire world a nuclear-

free zone, the idea of these conferences is threatened by The conflict between rich and poor nations.

6. In Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 146 (Roitman, Gordin, Gittelson, evela, Mikhoels-Vovsi: M, NY, 29:10) - writer Yefraim Sevela reads his story about the women of the Israeli town of Safed during the Yom Kippur war.

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1, Europe Today No. 508 (Predtechevsky: M, 15:30) contains an item on the First regular flight by the Concorde.

2. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 146 (Roitman, Gordin, Gittelson, Sevela, MIThoels-Vovsi: M� NY, 29:10) contains a review of the latest issue of the Tel-Aviv journal Zion, and an interview with Doctor Gabriel Goldberger, a graduate from New York’s Yeshiva University who emigrated from the USSR in 1969, about the University in particular and the US higher education system in general.

3. Man’s Inner World No. 14 (Patrushev: Ms 13:30) discusses the philosophy of Russian emigre Georgiy IvanovichGurdzhiyev (who died in 1949), who considered that what is generally regarded as the psychological norm is in fact the lowest stage of development of man’s intellectual and spiritual qualities.

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NEWS COVERAGE

January 23, 1976

Kissinger and Brezhnev reportedly reached agreement on some aspects of nuclear arms reductions.

MPLA Foreign Minister arrives in Moscow.

USSR Ambassador in London protests against Thatcher’s statement.

US State Department denies reports that US and Spain have reached agreement on military bases.

Dutch paper reports that there are twice as many Soviet spies 410 in Netherlands than three years ago.

FRG asks South Yemen to extradite five Lorenz kidnappers.

Most of Lebanon’s warring factions reportedly agree on cease-fire.

Poland and East Germany buy more American corn.

Editorial group of Communist conference ends meeting.

Portuguese political leaders summoned for talks on election rules.

Senate Foreign Relations Committee urges Ford to end strife in Lebanon.

Peres meets Thorn for talks.

US and Spain reportedly near agreement on military bases.

Greek military tribunal reduces sentences for 14 rebel officers.

Sadat to go on West European tour.

Cabinet re-shuffle completed in Argentina.

Kissinger meets with Gromyko.

Lebanese students occupy Arab League headquarters in Madrid.

Moro to confer with socialists re government crisis.

US envoy to Yugoslavia to seek West European support for proposed reforms in ILO.

US and USSR announce exchange scheme for farmers.

US military aid to Israel over past four years reaches $5,000 million.

Japan to strengthen ties with US.

Portuguese communists ask Gomes to take measures against bombing campaign.

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Independence for Seychelles on 28th June.

China claims it has surpassed 1975 grain targets.

Rumsfeld indicates possibility of US arms cuts in Western

Europe.

Demonstration held in Bonn yesterday in support of Bukovsky.

Kissinger in Brussels.

West German firms contracted to build rolling mill in USSR.

Five Soviet Jews to arrive in US for theological studies.

Soviet-US communique.

US -Spanish base talks continue.

Al Ahram urges full settlement in Lebanon.

Lebanese students occupy embassy in Prague.

Portuguese CF head says his party based on Soviet-style Marxism-Leninism.

Laos seeks friendly relations with US.

Britain rejects Soviet protest.

Brezhnev gives Kissinger new arms limitation plan.

European communists again fail to agree on final document.

US institutes analyze material from Soviet satellite.

Kissinger’s press conference in Brussels.

Spanish cabinet discusses reforms.

Armed clashes continue in Lebanon.

Lebanese students occupy embassy in Prague.

26 Norwegian parliamentarians appeal for new trial for Mikhail Shtern.

Italian weekly carries names of KGB agents.

Chinese plane reportedly crashes in Shanghai.

Units of Palestine Liberation Army move into Beirut.

South African troops begin withdrawing from Angola.

Thatcher repeats criticism of USSR.

Six executed in Sudan for part in coup attempt.

Paul Robeson dies in Philadelphia.

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Ł Fe,


Russian Broadcast Analysis No. 20 for January 24 and 25, 1976 D. Felton

Col summary of the news coverage by the Russian Service appears at the end of the DBA.) Ł


1. World Last Week No. 284 (Hendler, Savemark, Ryser, Bykowsky, Henkin: New York, Washington, Paris, Munich, 20) of January 24

contains an item on Kissingefos visit to Moscow which reports on

41/ the agreement reached on the defensive status of the Soviet long-range bomber and the American cruise missile and the USSR’s tough stand on Angola.

2. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 99 (Belotserkcvski, Vishnevskaya� Predtechevsky: M, 20) contains an interview with Soviet human rights activist Natalya Gorbanevskaya, a note on an interview given by USSR First Deputy Justice Minister

� Sukharev to Novoye vremya in which he attempts to demonstrate that in the USSR people are sentenced not for dissidence but for criminal activities, giving Georgiy Vins as an example; and_ Kissinger’s visit to Moscow, reference being made to certain progress in strategic arms limitations, and lack of progress on Angola.

3. Russia Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow No. 638 (Koryakov: NY, 13:30Y reiers to the persecu-ETUE-7-7eorgiy Vins, Aleksander Marchenko and other Soviet dissidents in 1975 in connection with the question of whether international detente is possible without detente in the USSR.

4. In Lawyer’s Notes No. 83 (Roitman: Ms 9) the show’s author and the author of’ tEe show Human Rights, Viktor Fedoseyev, discuss discrepancies between Soviet legal theory and practice and the international pact on civil and political rights (also ratified by the USSR) which is about to come into force. These discrep-ancies concern, among other things, the use of torture or other degrading treatment against prisoners and accused persons, and the right of parents to give their children a religious educa-tion, the right to receive and impart information, free �lovement within one’s country, and free elections.

� 5. Cultural News Briefs No. 19 (Yu. Panich: M, 15) presents curt777===nrr-177 Vladimir Maksimov and Aleksander

� Glezer in the January 15 issue of Russkaya mysl on the opening of a Russian Museum in .Exile in METITgeron �(France).

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6. Journalist’s Notebook No. 89 (Skorbina: M, 9) reports on readers’ letters to Pravda and other Soviet publications com-plaining of the impeFFEMTrity and banality of Soviet-style "weddings" originally intended to replace church weddings.

7. Letters and Documents No. 1127 (Burstein: M, 27:40) presents the ninth installment of the 37th issue of the samizdat Chronicle of Current Events, consisting of samizdat and tamizdat news.

8. Present Through the Prison of the Past No. 31 (Antonovich: - Ms 9) notes that Lenin’s predicti66-61= inevitable emergence of a world communist system has failed to come about because of the desire for national independence, a factor he ignored.

9. In Writer’s Diary No. 14 (Sinyavsky: Paris, 13:24), Andrey Sinyavs y tefls how1ie hesitated to have his book Walks with Pushkin published because of -its unorthodox style.

10. Other Shore No. 567 (Kunta: M, 27:55) presents the 60th installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

11. In Awakening. No. 22 (Petrovsky: Ms 9), writer Aleksey Petrovsky, who recently left the USSR, points to Soviet citizens’ unhappiness over the injustices of Soviet reality as an illus-tration of how the Russian people has preserved its traditional capacity for repentance.

12. A Special Feature (Ryser, Glezer, Shemyakin: Paris, 18:20) ’of January 25 presentsai,ound-table discussion between RL’s Paris correspondent, Russian artist Mikhail Shemyakin, and Aleksander Glezer on the opening in Montgeron (near Paris) of a Russian Museum in Exile organized by Glezer,, where the works of Soviet non-conformist artists will be displayed.

13. Human Rights No. 120 (Fedoseyev, Roitman: My 9) continues to discuss the implications for the USSR of the international pact on human rights to come into force on March 23. Reference is made to a statement by Professor Bleshchenko of the Institute of International Relations in Moscow in an article published in a US international law journal to the effect that in the USSR international law takes priority over Soviet law. Despite re-strictions contained in the pact’s article 19 whichielate to public order, etc., the script notes that the pact is a legal, not an ideological, document.

14. In Camp Topics No. 9 (Levitin-Krasnov: M, 9), religious writer Anatoliy Levitin-Krasnov recalls two cases of Soviet emigres who after World War II returned to the USSR in response to official Soviet promise of a good life only to end up in prison camps.

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3

15. Letters and Documents No. 1128 (Burstein: M, 24:50) consists. of the 10th installment of the 37th issue of the samizdat Chronicle of Current Events (sections entitled "Official Docu-

ments" and "trials of Past Years"); the text of an appeal by the

mother of imprisoned Boris Solomonovich Penston;- and material - on political trials in Armenia and Armenian political prisoners.

16. In Topic of Discussion No. 208 (Rudolf: NY, 18:20), V. Davydov,

a graduate of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology now

in the USA)who worked in two institutes of the USSR Academy of- -

Sciences, talks about his life in the USSR, his reasons for leaving

the USSR, and his plans in the USA.

17. The Ideolo ical State of Soviet Societ No. 15 (Agursky:

M, 9) �escri es e c anging or une o t e ussian Orthodox Church after World War II, when it was turned by the Soviet regime into an instrument of -politics and propaganda, while under Khrushchev there were plans to virtually liquidate it by 1965-66.

18. Fifty Years Ago This Week No. 80 (Hendler: NY, 13:30) quotes

from reaction in the Soviet and Russian emigre press to the suicide

of Russian poet Sergey Yesenin.

19. A S ecial Feature (Kunta: M9 25:10) contains an annotation of the con enso tefifti-bilmjfpof the quarterly Kontinent and the first installment of aniby Violetta Iverni publisEed therein entitled "A Comedy of Incompatibility."


1.Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 99 (Belotserkovsky, Vis nevs aya, re techevs y: M2OY of January 24 contains an item on criticism by the British, French, Italian and Belgian CP’s of the USSR’s repression against dissidents, which the USSR seems to be trying to counter by such gestures as releasing

1111 Plyushch and putting Western newspapers on sale.

2. In Theater Horizons No. 76 (Igoshina: M, 9) of January 25 Yelizav777-7=a7Bints to Moscow’s desperate attempts to create a "unified Comecon culture," observing that the fact that cultural consolidation is being given priority over economic contradicts Marxist teaching.


1. The subject of Round Table Discussions No. 191 (Krassowsky, -

Oganesyan, Rehr, Henkin, TirikeisfF377-7777) of January 24 is the situation in the Lebanon.

2. World Lest Week No. 284 (Hendler, Savemark, Ryser, Bykowsky, Henkin: New York, Washington, Paris, Munich, 20) contains items on President Ford’s budget speech, noting the reliance placed on private enterprise to solve the problems of inflation and unemployment; the issue of cooperation between socialists and communists as highlighted at the European socialist conference in Helsingoer; the UN Security Council debate on the Middle East, in particular the controversy over resolutions 2142 and 338; and

SO

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the Lebanese cease-fire worked out by a joint Lebanlse-Syrian-Palestinian committee, which is placed in the contact of Soviet efforts to strengthen Syria and compromise Egyptian M5ddle East policy.

3. .sr.4.41111. No. 360 (Predtechevsky: M, 9) of January 25 points to DjiDouti as a potential new international trouble spot in-volving Ethiopia, backed by the USA, and Somalia, backed by the USSR, which would probably like to gain control of the strategic Bab-el-Mandeb straits.


1. This week’s Panorama (Zavalishin, Salkazanova, Chuguyev, Predtechevsky: NY-I’P-dri-s, London, M, 20) of January 24 contains items on: the present New York City Ballet season; a concert in New York by guitariSt Segovia; the opening in New York of the winter festival of the Russian Music Theater; performances in Paris by ballet-dancer Nureyev; newttougher, standardized ex-aminations for hunters in France; the beginning of regular flights by the Concorde; and the late Paul Robeson.

2. A Special Feature (Storozhenko: NY, 11:30) gives a portrait of the just-deceased American spirituals singer Paul Robeson.

3. In Sunday Talk No. 980 (Shmeman: NY, 9) Father Alexander points to fhe need for the virtues of repentance and humilify. The show is pegged to Epiphany.

4. In the final show in the series Reli ion: Decline or Reb.irth? No. 40 (Shmeman 9)(January 24) Father lexan er conc u es that a religiotn revival is on the way as a reaction against today’s materialistic civilization .

NEWS COVERAGE

lamEL211....AM

Genscher says Soviet attempts to create spheres of influence in third world countries endanger detente.

Moro continues consultations with socialists.

Yugoslav commentator on Soviet stance re European CP conference_.

Portuguese Deputy Foreign Minister criticizes US.

Gandhi says imprisoned politicians can be released only if they agree not to resort to violence in politics.

Italians Portuguese, Spanish and French socialists confer in Paris.

Soviet commentator claims left extremists trying to seize Chou En-lai’s place.

Algerians report POLISARIO victories.

Early elections may be held in Israel.

Portuguese armed forces to be cut by 40 per cent.

Spain’s Council of the Realm against more representative Cortes.

Rumania, Pakistan and 4 non-aligned countries to present Mideast draft resolution to UNSC on Monday.

Events in Angola.

Pentagon official says US not considering cuts in tactical nuclear weapon strength beyond those already offered.

Kissinger in Madrid.

Spanish opposition political leaders plan public convention.

British press derides Soviet complaints over Thatcher’s

criticism of USSR.

Park Chung flee has five-year plan to make South Korea capable

of defending itself without assistance.

Kuwait newspaper says sabotage was cause of plane crash in

Saudi Arabia of January 1.

Polish press publishes planned amendments to constitution.

Bourguiba says Arabs should accept 1947 partition of Palestine

Clash in Beirut despite cease-fire.

US to withdraw nuclear missile U-boats from Spain under new pact.

Italian socialists decline to join coalition.

Kissinger signs new Spanish bases agreement in Madrid, gives press conference with De Areilza.

Lebanese premier withdraws his resignation.

China announces nuclear test.

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Soviet maneuvers start in Caucasus tomorrow.

CP central committee secretaries to meet in Warsaw next week.

MPLA claims capture of two towns in Angola.

Mitterrand opens meeting of five West European socialist parties.

British and Icelandic premiers start fishing talks in Londdn-Nine terrorists executed in Iran.

French premier says USSR and Cuba the only interventionists in Angola.

Chilean regime permits publication of Frei’s critical pamphlet.

Mihajlov loses 16 kilograms in hunger strike.

Syria and USSR sign five-year trade agreement.

US Says. Chinese nuclear test was low-power atmospheric..

Egypt and Greece. call for end to intervention in Angola.

Vietnamese and Cubans said to arrive help POLISARIO.

Only two violations of Lebanese truce reported.

Divergent views on CP’s expressed at socialist party meeting.

Museum of Soviet non-conformist art opens near Paris.

Minor clashes continue in Lebanon.

Rabin on situation in Lebanon and UN Mideast debate.

Moro seeks to form minority government in Italy.

South Korea examines possibility of disbanding UN Korea

in Western Sahara t

41.

command.

Soares says danger of communist coup in Portugal has receded but not disappeared.

Syrian Foreign Minister meets with Lebanese President and rightist Christian leaders,

Sadat convinced Lebanon can solve problems without outside help.

Portuguese party representatives not to be in electoral commission.

Arab students leave Arab League office in Madrid.

Rumanian trade delegation arrives in Peking.

Nine members of Arab terror groups sentenced in Gaza.

^

Socialist support still condition for republican and social -democrat participation in minority Italian government.

UNITA says it will receive arms from US and Western Europe.

Secretaries of Warsaw Pact, Cuban and Mongolian CP’s in Warsaw..

Spanish socialist leader says CP must not be illegal.

Lebanese factions agree on timetable to restore security.

Republicans refuse to participate in Italian coalition government.

Cunhal criticizesdecision to give expatriate Portuguese vote.

Kissinger returns to Washington from Madrid.

Portuguese socialists and military leaders disagree on role of military.

Ford to make Mideast trip.

Savimbi reaffirms UNITA resolution to fight on.

Cunhal calls for halt of terrorist acts against communists.

Rumanian Foreign Minister in Austria for talks.

Fe-771c c ,


Russian Broadcast Analysis No. 21 for January 26, 1976 D. Felton

� (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian Service appears at the end of the DBA.)


1. In We Abroad No. 16 (Rozanova, M, 13:30), advertisements and announcements from Russian emigre newspapers are quoted which illustrate the poignancy of the situation of Russian emigres.

2. Cultural News Briefs No. 20 (Litvinov, Matusevich: M, 10:20) contains items on the appearance in Paris of a French-language editor of Venedikt Yerofeyev’s story in verse entitled Moscow-Perushki (Moscow-Sur-Vodka), originally published in sa77777-7, which takeT-77177777771-7777 alcoholic’s dialogue with himself and imaginary characters; reports that Rostropovich will stay in the West for at least three years; and enthusiastic Norwegian reaction to the appearance of a Norwegian -language edition or Vladimir Voynovich’s Life and Extraordinary Adventures of the Soldier Ivan Chonkin.

3. Man on the Earth No. 72 (Lobas: NY, 13:30) discusses Boris Mozha777777-777577-77Um the Life of Fedor Kuzkin, an accurate and

�

moving description of soviet kplkhoz life which Moscow’s Taganka theater has been vainly trying to get permission to stage for several years.

4. In Betaki on Poetry No. 43 (Vasiliy Betaki: Paris, 8:12), poet Var:15-17=1-Ma7es the point that since real poetry in the USSR has largely gone over to samizdat, the literary critics have been reduced to criticizing each other.

5. A Special Feature (Breytbart: NY, 13:30) examines the motives of the-Decembrists, among other things noting their isolation from the people and their Christianity.

6. Radio Seminar No. 339 (Koryakov: NY, 13:27) notes the warm welcome given by Britain to Russian emigre philosophers such as Berdyayev, N3kolay Zernov and Semen Frank.

7. A Special Feature (Kunta: M, 26:00) presents the second and final insTaAlment of Violetta Iverni’s article "A Comedy of Incompatibility" published in the fifth issue of the quarterly Kontinent.

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8. In So9_nst_21_S_tr_i_Ells_ No. 407 (Mitina: M, 4:30), Yevgeniy KlyachkiiiiTs�THe--"S-6-5g "Recruits."


1. A Paris Report (Ryser, 4:30) on the conference of "southern" European socialist parties focuses on the issue of cooperation between socialists gnd communists, French Socialist Party leader Francois Mitterrand being in favor of such cooperation, virtually all other parties being against it. In addition, the socialist parties favored European unification, while only the Italian and Spanish CP’s support it.


1. The first part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:30) is devoted to Kissinger’s visIT-73-737Eow. The London Times writes that while a new SALT agreement will evidently not be concluded within the next six months, the contours of one have begun to emerge. The British Guardian feels neither Brezhnev nor Ford are in a hurry to conclude a new SALT agreement prior to the 25th CPSU congress and the US elections. The Frankfurter Allsemeine Zeitung concludes that Kissinger’s attempt to link detente and SALT with Angola have completely failed. The Sueddeutsche Zeitung goes further, saying that Kissinger failed to achieve a convincing success in his "desperate attempt" to rescue the concept of genuine detente on which he has staked his political career. The Paris newspaper L’Aurore writes that if tomorrow the USSR uses the Syrians in the-777=ast as it is using the Cubans in Angola, the idea of true detente will be finished. La Figaro, on the other hand, feels that Kissinger has managed to overcome the technical obstacles to a new SALT agreement while an invitation to the MPLA Foreign Minister to come to Moscow could mean the beginning of talks on a compromise solution to the Angolan problem.

2. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:30) is devoted to Cuban involvement in Arica, The Sueddeutsche Zeitung carries an article by its Johannesburg correspondent to the effect that a complete victory for the Cuban -supported MPLA seems a question of only a few weeks in view of the South African withdrawal from Angola. The Stars and Stripes gives facts and figures on the Cuban military presence in Angola, and points to the presence of Cuban troops and military advisers in the People’s Republic of Congo, Tanzania, Equatorial Guinea, the Republic of Guinea and Somalia. The International Herald Tribune publishes information on Cuban civilian advisers and 77177Tists in Africa, recalling Fidel Castro’s recent statement that Cuba is not only a Latin American but a Latin African country.

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3. A Paris Report (Salkazanova� ’4:’40) focuses on two con-ferences in Paris - a conference of OPEC finance ministers to discuss the distribution of a billion-dollar interest-free

loan among third -world countries hard-hit by the oil price hike, and a 27-nation preparatory conference on North-South economic cooperation.

4. Europe Today No. 509 (Predtechevsky� Chuguyev: MI London, 15:30) contains the following four items: � the.views of European Parliament deputy Professor Fritz Burgbacher and Italian flutist Severino Cazzeloni on the European standard of living and European reunification; facts and figures on the life of a typical Dutch family; the present complex balance of forces in the British parliament; and nationalist tendencies in Greenland

� and the Faeroe Islands.

5. Economic Observer NO. 197 (Dbeyer: NY, 4:50) points to a sharp upswing on tS-e New York stock exchange regarded by most observers as heralding an economic upswing in the USA.

6. The text is given of an Economist article by the journal’s Spanish correspondent pointing to a movement towards democratic reform in Spain (Predtechevsky: M, 6).

7. New York Report No. 4906 (Davydov, 4:30) focuses on the upcor1777775te in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and the Senate Armed Forces .Subcommittee on giving the Mariana Islands the status of an associated territory, desired by the over-whelming majority of the local population. The strategic value of the islands for the USA is also noted.

Ł D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. In Cultural Review No. 1016 (Litvinov, Le Cleckih: Paris, 9), French writer ana lirFrary critic Guy Le Cleck’h reviews for RL the recent literary awards season in France.

4

NEWS COVERAGE

Januar 26 1976

Rabin on pending visit �to US.

Cardinal Wyszynski again protests amendments to Polish constitution.

President of Central African Republic condemns USSR, offers

aid to UNITA and FNLA.

Time names KGB and GRU agents in Luxembourg.

Waldheim says PLO participation in UNSC debate is essential;

UNSC to vote today on resolution affirming Palestinian right

to statehood.

Talks between Portuguese military and political parties.

Moroccan F-5 shot down over West Sahara.

Greek and Turkish observers attend Soviet maneuvers.

FRG Foreign Minister Genscher rejects cooperation with communist

parties

Japanese delegation flies to Moscow to negotiate sale of ten

nuclear power plants.

UNSC to vote today on resolution about Palestinians.

Israeli premier leaves for US.

Kissinger briefs Ford on results of Moscow talks.

Moro seeks to form Christian-Democratic minority government.

British and Icelandic premiers resume talks in London.

Balkan conference due to coen.in Athens. meeting

OPEC finance ministers / and world economic conference

preparatory meeting in Paris today.

Bomb kills five In Northern Ireland.

Disengagement under way in Beirut.

US -Greek talks on bases resume in Athens.

First Communist Chinese Ambassador arrives in Bangkok.

CP ideological meeting opens in Warsaw.

Polish Foreign Minister postpones Indonesia visit, to visit

Moscow.

Soviet writer Trifonov visits Munich.

Disengagement goes ahead throughout Lebanon.

Israel opens border to Christian refugees from Lebanon.

Moro confers with Saragat on rinority government.

Spanish Social -Democrats call for parliamentary reform.

Greece urges Balkan countries to expand cooperation.

West Berliner sentenced in GDR to 15 years’ jail.

Egypt regains sector of Sinai territory.

South African troops to remain in Angola.

Turkish-Greek airspace talks end without agreement.

East Germans get permission to visit Guillaume.

Member of Soviet Academy of Sciences defends Sakharov.

Portuguese Revolutionary Council discusses position on Angola.

Soviet-US oil talks resume.

Western observers to attend Soviet maneuvers Feb 1-4.

Attempt to hijack Soviet airliner to Israel reportedly thwarted.

Cuba informs Waldheim about troops in Angola.

Ford forecasts further income tax cuts’.

41





1. The first part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:30) is devoted

4111/ to Kissinger’s visit to Moscow, in particular the prospects for a second SALT agreement. The Wall Street Journal reports that the US government will this week begin to examine a Soviet pro-posal to reduce the strategic weapons ceiling, an offer which this newspaper attributes to Soviet alarm over the US cruise missile. The London Financial Times expresses satisfaction over the US and Soviet decision not to hurry over SALT, but disap-proves of the Soviet refusal to link a new SALT agreement with Angola. The newspaper notes that while the USSR has a quanti-tative lead in both conventional and nuclear weapons, the USA is far ahead in such advanced weaponry as the cruise missile, says the USA should not make any concessions on the cruise missile until the USSR shows its readiness to reduce its military might.

2. World Abroad No. 5 (Predtechevsky, Storozhenko: M, NY, 20) contains an item on the Soviet -Cuban involvement in Angola and its consequences for detente.

411 3. A London Report (Chuguyev, 5:10) reports on the Soviet protest to the British Foreign Office over Conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher’s statement opposing cuts in the British defense budget on the grounds of the Soveit military buildups and the subsequent controversy in the British press and political circles. The Foreign Office rejected the protest, saying Britain was a country where anyone was free to express his opinion.

4. Sociology of Science No. 40 (A. Vardy, V. Faynberg) presents the second part ot an interview with Soviet dissident Viktor Faynberg, confined in a special psychiatric hospital after taking part in a demonstration against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, gives as one of the reasons for the high in-cidence of mental illness in the USSR a spiritual vacuum and a general atmosphere of fear and persecution producing schzophrenia.

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5. Problems of Labor and Democracy No. 56 (Belotserkovsky: M, 9) suggests that the continued disproportionate development of heavy industry in the USSR at the expense of the consumer� goods industry is due to the consideration that it is more important, for example, to replace a defective machine -tool than a defective TV set.

6. In the Ranks No. 40 (Shchetinsky, MI 9), a former Soviet soldier who served on the Soviet-Chinese frontier from 1966 to 1969 recalls an incident which revealed to him that, despite official indoctrination. Soviet soldiers remain true to their individual national backgrounds.

7. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, Gorbanevskaya, 5:20) on the Russian Museum in Exile founded in Montgeron near Paris by Aleksandr Glezer includes a note by poetess Natalya Gorbanevskaya, who recently left the USSR, on the fates of certain Soviet non-conformist artists whose works are not represented in the museum, namely German Bendersky, Boris Penson, Yuriy Ivanov and Boris Mukhamedshin.

8. In Portraits of My Contemporaries No. 5 (Kushev: M, 9), Soviet civil rights activist Yevgeniy Kushev recalls his late dissident friend Vladimir Voskresensky.

9. Cinema and Life No. 26 (Gabay: NY, 8:36) recalls the first post -Stalin Soviet films which made a bold attempt to portray Soviet reality as it really was, although they had to make concessions to the party line.

10. In Art Under Totalitarianism No. 3 (Golomshtok: M, 8:20), art expert Igor Golomshtok discusses the transitional period between avantgardism and totalitarism in Soviet art, drawing a parallel between Soviet art of the late twenties and early thirties and the "heroic realism" in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany.

11. A Special Feature (Kunta: M,.26) presents the final in-stallment of Violetta Iverni’s article "Comedy of Incompati-bility" published in the fifth issue of the quarterly Kontinent.

12. Letters and Documents No. 1129 (Burstein: M, 29:10) presents an article entitled "The question of Registrations and the Fate of Salvation" from the first issue for 1975 of the samizdat Bratsky listok (Fraterral Pamphlet).

13. In Sound of Strings No. 408 (Mitina: M, 4:30), Gustaf Ludkewicz sings a song by Bulat Okudzhava called "Francois Villon’s Prayer."

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14. A Special Feature (Galich: M, 8) discusses the life and work ot Russian writer Saltykov-Shchedrin on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of his birth.


1. A Bonn Report (Krassowsky, 4:20) focuses on the controversy in the FRG over SPD chairman Willy Brandt’s statement on the need for the social -democrats to maintain contacts with West European communist parties for information purposes. Chancellor Schmidt rejected CDU Chairman Kohl’s appeal to condemn Brandt’s statement, and FRG Chairman Genscher reject& the idea of cooperation with communists. Bonn observers relate Brandt’s statement to the fact that the world communist movement is no longer mono-lithic.

2. A Backgrounder (Henkin: MI .5:30) sees the Warsaw meeting of nine ruling CP’s in the socialist camp as an attempt by the CPSU leadership to counteract the Western interpretations of detente on the eve of the 25th CPSU Congress.

3. The gist is given of an article by the Belgrade corres-pondent of The New York Times, Malcolm Brown, on the economic difficulties being experienced by the USSR and the East European countries (Rahr: M 4:30).

4. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 4:40) of the present con-ference in Athens of the Balkan countries Greece, Turkey, _ Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Rumania, notes that in view of past experience only uncontroversial economic questions, such as transport energy and tourism are to be discussed.


1. A Tel-Aviv Report (Perelman, 5) on Israeli Premier Rabin’s visit to the USA focuses on Likud leader Menachem Begin’s fierce criticism of Israel’s step-by-step policy towards the Arabs as being too soft, and General Amin’s view that Israel should offer a general Middle East plan and negotiate with the Palestinians. This plan envisages the existence of Israel, Jordan and a demilitarized Palestinian region side by side.

2. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:30) is devoted to the situation in the Lebanon. The Christian Science Monitor writes that if Syrian mediation ends the war in the rgE717671, that country will be drawn into the Lebanese sphere of influence and forced into a confrontation with Israel. The New York Times, on the other hand, editorializes that Syrian Foreign -Minister Khaddam succeeded in gaining the confidence of the Christian Maronites because he gave them guarantees that neither Syria nor the Palestinians would violate Lebanese sovereignty. The Toronto Globe and Mail, however, describes the Lebanon as not so much a state in the political sense as a state of equilibrium between a number of isolated communities.

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3. Washington Report No. 639 (Savemark, 5) gives the main points of President Ibrd’s speech on the USA’s economic situ-ation in which he pointed to an upswing characterized by a drop in the inflation rate and an increase in the GNP, noting the controversy over Ford’s reliance on private enterprise to solve the nation’s economic difficulties.

4. World Abroad No. 5 (Predtechevsky, Storozhenko: M, NY, 20) cont1=77117-7n the OPEC Foreign Ministers conference in Paris on a billion-dollar aid fund for needy developing countries; partisan activities in Argentina; and the upcoming presidential primaries in the USA (Across the Ocean No., 1120: Storozhenko� NY).

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

None’.

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NEWS COVERAGE

January 27, 1976

Portuguese mutineers demand trial or release.

Cod-war talks continue in London.

Gabonese authorities detain Soviet aircraft.

FNLA delegation lobbies congress for aid against MPLA.

UK submits amendment to Mideast resolution before UN Security Council.

� Attempt to hijack Soviet airliner apparently fails.

US vetoes Mideast resolution in UN Security Council; Moynihan justifies veto; Waldheim expresses concern over Mideast; Israeli reaction.

UNITA determined to defend Huambo against MPLA and Cuban troops; House to vote on aid ban today; Schaufele warns that ban can affect detente with USSR.

Mainland Turks and Turkish Cypriots to be settled in Famagusta.

Soares expresses concern over foreign intervention in Angola.

Portuguese Foreign Minister Antunes in Brussels.

Ideological conference to continue in Warsaw today.

Argentinian elections postponed again.

State Department explanation of US veto in UNSC.

Lebanese militias continue disengagement.

Cuban admission of Angolan involvement; war situation.

UNITA and FNLA start guerrilla operations in MPLA-occupied areas.

Trudeau in Cuba.

UNSC to take up resolution demanding South African troops with-draw from Namibia.

Two Paris conferences continue.

Soviet Academician Me1W-luk’s letter to The New York Times in defense of Sakharov.

UNITA moves its HQ from Huamba to Silva-Porto.

British and Icelandic premiers continue talks.

USSR and GDR sign industrial cooperation agreements.

Israeli and Egyptian reaction to US veto in UNSC.

PLO admitted to UNCTAD "group of 77" as 107th member.

Neizvestny given permission to emigrate in February.

6

Portuguese Revolutionary Council calls for stepup of

social reforms.

Moro prepares economic program.

Rumsfeld presents Defense Department’s annual report

to Congress.

Moroccan and Algerian troops locked in fierce combat in

Western Sahara.

Ford and Rabin begin talks.

Chamoun urges Syria to withdraw Palestinian units from Lebanon.

Egyptian Premier reports to parliament on Egypt’s debts.

Spanish Council of the Realm extends term of Cortes.

Japan plans loan to USSR.

Palestinian leader threatens increased guerrilla activity.

US House of Representatives votes against aid to Angola.

�TASS claims RFE infiltrator returned to Prague.

Fe_-170 Ci

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FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN RLC/RL ONLY.




1. The first part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:30) is devoted to US -Soviet relations, in particular Kissinger’s visit to Moscow. The Washington Star notes that the only concrete results ot Kissinger’s talks vas aproposal to lower the in any case excessively high missile ceiling by ten per-cent. The Wall Street Journal takes issue with the Soviet proposal not to consider the new Soviet bomber a strategic weapon on the grounds that its bases would not be moved up to the US borders. The Baltimore Sun says Kissinger’s stand on SALT is realistic inasmuch as he has to take into account the mood of the American people and the fact that the USA needs to cut back on strategic arms among other things in order to be able to spend more on conventional weapons needed in an Angola-type situation. Sulzberger writes in The International Herald Tribune of systematic efforts b7-rhe )(GB to sap the will of- the-American people, examining in this respect a book published in East Berlin listing as "CIA agents" some of America’s most stalwart citizens.

� 2. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 4:40) of the Angolan conflict notes Soviet UN representative Malik’s claim that the USSR was rendering selfless aid to the Angolan people in its struggle for freedom and independence; the possibility of a protracted partisan war in Angola following a Pyrrhic victory for the MPLA; and Ugandan President Idi Amin’s-charge that the USSR aimed at establishing colonial rule over Angola.

3, New York Report No. 4924 (Hendler, 3:50 quotes from a letter sent to The New York Times by Igor Aleksandrovich Melchuk, a senior scientific associate of the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences, castigating the campaign against Sakharov in the USSR.

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4. New York Report No. 4925 (Shilaeff, 5:40) notes that Gromyko’s visit to Japan failed to bring any progress on the Kurile Islands issue or sway Japan in her intention to sign a treaty of peace, friendship and cooperation with Peking. Although Japanese Premier Miki intimated that Japan intended to move closer to Peking than to Moscow, inclusion of a hegemony clause in the treaty with Peking would mean an end to Japanese-Soviet economic cooperation. There is strong opposition in the Japanese government to rapprochement with Peking on the grounds of its consequences for relations with the USSR and Taiwan.

4a. Washington Report No. 640 (Savemark, 5:30) gives the main points of Senator Hubert Humphrey’s speech on detente at Georgetown University’s center for strategic and international studies. While in favor of detente as a means of reducing the danger of war, Humphrey insisted that detente should not mean tacit agreement on the part of the USA with Soviet internal policies and practices, in particular the violation of human rights in the USSR.

5. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 5) on a report by The Washington Post Moscow correspondent Peter Osnos on the Soviet�Mnorities’ informing Moscow sculptor Ernst Neizvestny that he would soon be allowed to leave the USSR contains a voice clip of Vladimir Maksimov paying tribute to Neizvestny last July in an RL show, as well as a telephone interview with Mikhail Shemyakin on the impatience with which Russian artists in Paris are awaiting his arrival.

6. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: Ms 5:30) is devoted to the abuse of psychiatry in the USSR to deal with dissidents. Le Figaro reports on a conference of West European doctors, lawyer177M�Fublic figures held recently near Geneva on the subject of Soviet special psychiatric hospitals which called for an international surveillance commission to have access to all psychiatric hospitals.

7. Helsinki and Human Rights No. 5 (R. Dudin: NY, 9) looks at Soviet policy on emigration and the admission of foreigners to the USSR and their freedom of movement within the country in the light of the relevant clause in the Helsinki document.

8. Modern Society and Education No. 58 (Schajovicz: M, 9) discusses the letter received by RL from Professor Melnik, broadcast in the previous show in this series, in which he describes discrimination in the USSR against children of intellectuals wishing to enter a university. While not deny-ing such discrimination, the script notes a certain justifi-cation for applying a selective system, including favoring rural applicants, and suggests that it might be better to simply remove all restrictions toadraLssion to a university.

3

9. Vital Problems of the Soviet Econom No. 15 (Chianurov: M, 14: 0) observes that t e kolkhoz pension system (a kolkhoznik must work twenty-five years until the age of 60 to qualify) is intended to shackle kolzhozniks to the kolzhoz. In this, however, it seems to be counter-productive.

10. Tomorrow of the Planet Earth No. 144 (Patrushev� M, 9) takes�issue with the Soviet claim that the socialist system, as opposed to the capitalist, is capable of dealing with the problem of the economic ravagement of the environment.

11. Scientific Observer No. 87 (Lavrov: NY, 9) relativizes the USSR’s performance in being the first to put an SST, the TU-144, into regular service by noting that this aircraft has so far only been carrying freight and mail, and no figures have been published in the Soviet press on the economic side of these flights.

12. Cultural Review No. 1017 (Zavalishin: NY, 8:50) dis-cusses the art of matrnist, non-conformist Soviet sculptor and painter Gavriil Glikman.

13. Cultural News Briefs No. 21 (Litvinov: Ms 7) contains an item on a new book by young French critic Dominic Fernandes on Soviet film director Sergei Eisenstein which has just been published in Paris.

14. In People and Events of Recent Russian History No. 18 (Anin: M� 9 , historian and writer David Anin gives portraits of three terrorists of the Russian Socialist -Revolutionary Party - Yegor Sazonov, Ivan Kalyayev and Albert Trauberg. Anin notes the greater selectivity of the old Russian terrorists who merely succeeded, however, in slowing down the process of liberalization and democratization in Russia.

110

IS. Other Shore No. 568 (Lovetskaya: M, 25) presents the 61st installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

16. Church Singing No. 17 (Tsiolkovich: MI 4:30) contains two items: "Svete tixy" ("Shine Softly Upon Us") and "Blagoslovi dushe moya Gospoda" ("My Soul Blesses the Lord").


1. Cultural News Briefs No. 21 (Litvinov: M, 7) contains an item on a protest by Czech playwright Vaclav Havel on police harassment of the director and artists involved in the staging of his latest play The Beuar’s Opera.

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1. United Nations Report No. 590 (Bykowsky: NY, 4:50) is devoted to the US veto o the UN Security Council resolutions stipulating the Palestinians right to set up an independent state (without specifying frontiers) and calling for an Israeli withdrawal from all occupied Arab territory. Ref-erence is made to US AmbrsTador Moynihan’s speech rejectdng the resolutions as going far beyond resolutions 242 and 3,d.

2. A Madrid Report (Tolstikov, 5:20) gives details of the Spanish -US five-year friendship and cooperation treaty signed on January 28 by Kissinger and his Spanish colleague Areilza under which Spain is to allow the USA continued use of three air bases in exchange for economic and military aid to the tune of over one billion two hundred million dollars as well as military equipment. The coordination of Spanish and NATO defense plans is also envisaged. Kissinger announced full support for the Spanish monarchy’s movement towards liberalization and political pluralism.

3. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 4:40) of the situation in the Lebanon puts the cease-fire reached in that country as a result of the Syrian and Palestinian intervention within the context of the Palestinians’ possible objective of creating a state on Lebanese territory to serve as a base for military and political operations against Israel. In any case, says the script author, the increased Syrian military presence in the Lebanon could lead to irreversible developments in the Middle East.

4. Europe Today No. 510 (Predtechevsky: M, 15:30) contains items on the views of Nobel Prize Laureate for Medicine Daniel Bovet, British MP Ben Whitaker, and Olympic ski cham-pion Gustav Thoeni on European unification; the life of an average West German family; and Flemish and Walloon nation-alism in Belgium.


1. Europe Today No. 510 (Predtechevsky: M, 15:30) contains an item on Innsbruck on the eve of the 12th Winter Olympics.

2. Cultural News Briefs No. 21 (Litvinov: M, 7) contains an item on a resurgence ot interest in the work of George Orwell in Britain, among other things reflected in the institution of a George Orwell Prize by the Penguin Publishing Company.

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NEWS COVERAGE

January 28, 1976

House votes to end aid to Angola.

Antunes says there is little chance of a communist dictatorship in Portugal.

King Juan Carlos extends mandate of Cortes for revision of electoral law.

Warsaw ideological conference ends.

� President Ford on determination to seek progress toward Mideast settlement; talks with Rabin.

British Premier agrees that Soviet reaction to conservative leader’s speech was hysterical.

UNSC discusses Namibia; South African delegate attends.

Latest on Balkan conference.

UNSC debate; Botha lashes Soviet intervention in Angola; USSR claims purest motives.

Idi Amin says USSR intends to turn Angola into a colony.

Jakob Malik says Soviets are not actually fighting in Angola.

SALT talks resume today.

Moroccan troops capture 12 Algerian soldiers during battle in West Sahara.

Botha urges UN to send delegation to �investigate Soviet and Cuban aggression in Angola.

Latest reports on situation in Lebanon.

UK and Iceland reportedly reach provisional agreement on fishery dispute.

White House statement says House vote shows Congress is ignoring Soviet and Cuban expansion in Africa.

Senate approves Bush as CIA director.

UNITA ready to wage guerrilla warfare in south of Angola.

Castro calls for US initiative in improving Cuban-US relations.

Soares calls for international conference on Angola.

Algerian stand firm on Western Sahara.

Ford and Rabin speeches at Washington dinner.

Lebanese cease-fire holds despite minor skirmishes.

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Arias Navarro to inform Spaniards on planned changes of electoral laws.

Italian Christian Democrats to decide Whether to form minority government or opt for early elections. Western observers note new approach of Soviet authorities to emigration.

South Africa accuses USSR of wanting to control all of Africa. Rabin and Ford to meet today.

Preparations for committee discussions at world economic conference end.

Talks on Japanese sale of nuclear power plants to USSR continue. Kuwait calls on Algeria and Morocco to show restraint over Western Sahara.

Conservative MP’s in Commons back Thatcher criticism of USSR. Algerian and Moroccan troops resume fighting in Sahara. Fahmi foresees change in US policy toward Palestinians. South African government seeks powers to intervene in Angola. Portuguese Foreign Minister ends visit to Belgium. Eduard Kuznetsov elected member of French PEN Club.

OPEC finance ministers end meeting in Paris. Third volume of Gulag Archipelago to come out in February. SALT talks resume in Geneva.

Karame expresses confidence in Lebanese Army. Syrian Army. Chief of Staff in Algiers. Italian Christian Democratic leaders against minority govern-ment unless support of other parties is assured. Four African presidents condemn Soviet-Cuban intervention in Angola.

Rabin addresses joint session of US congress. Icelandic premier confers with cabinet, Wilson reports to British parliament on cod war.

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Russian Broadcast Analysis.N . 24 for January 29, 1976 D. Felton


A; USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL:

1. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 2:40) is devoted to Angola. The Chicago Tribune writes that while the USSR’s previous attempbsto expand her influence in Africa invariably failed when she relied on leaders who had come to power by their own efforts, in Angola she has her own man, Agostinho Neto. However, says the newspaper, a Neto government would be subjected to growing political and economic pressure from Zaire. The Washington Post Zaire correspondent doubts whether �the UNITA will succeed in mobilizing enough mercenaries to stop the Cuban-supported MPLA. The newspaper attaches greater importance to the possibility of South Africa’s coming to an arrangement with Neto and her backup action of concentrating troops in Namibia.

2. A Special Feature (Matusevich: M, 3:30) presents the translation of an article in the Swedish newspaper Expressen on a mutiny aboard a Soviet Baltic Fleet vessel last November 7-8 whose crew made a vain attempt to flee to Sweden. The article also refers to Soviet press reports of indiscipline and opposition groups in the Soviet Navy.

3. New York Report No. 4913 (Hendler, 4:40) contrasts the simplification and relaxation of Soviet emigration formalities_ reported on by The New York Times Moscow correspondent Christopher Wren with the Soviet authorities’ refusal to allow Soviet citizen Irina Maclellan to join her American husband Woodford in the USA on the grounds that in her work at the Institute for World Economy and International Relations she had access to state secrets. A voice clip of Woodford Maclellan’s bitter statement to the US press is included.

4. New York Report No. 4926 (Gratzky, 5:10) focuses on an in-terview given to US News and World Report by Senators Jackson and Matthias on the subject of detente. Jackson said detente was turning out to be a one-way street in favor of the USSR, Matthias saw detente as merely an expression by the USA and USSR of their desire to come to some kind of an agreement, regarding the results of this agr9_ement as being something different.

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5, Samizdat Review No. 231 (Schlippe, Gorbanevskaya: M, 22:40) contains annotations of issues 19 and 20 of the Chronicle of the Lithuanian Catholic Church,the first issue of the type-written Lithuanian journal Dawn, and an accOunt by Vladimir Albrecht of an interrogation by the KGB in connection with the case of Andrey Tverdokhlebov.

6. Letters and Documents No. 1130 (Burstein: M, 29:05) presents the protocol of an interrogation of Ernest Semenovich Orlovsky in the Leningrad State Prosecutor’s office in connection with his alleged dissident tendencies. Orlovsky is an engineer at the Leningrad Metrology Research Institute.

7. Other Shore No. 569 (Lovetskaya: M, 25:40) presents the 62nd installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

8. In Weidle Talk No. 305 (Weidle: Paris, 8:50), Russian emigre writer and art expert Vladimir Vasilevich Weidle recalls the young poet Boris Poplavsky, another member of the Russian emigre community in Paris between the wars.


1. World Abroad No. 6 (Predtechevsky, Dreyer, Pusta: M, NY, 27:10) contains an .item contrasting the modest scale of Chinese aid to the FNLA in Angola with Soviet aid to the MPLA.

2. New York Report No. 4921 (Gratzky, A) attributes the present record purchases of grain from the West (first and foremost the USA) by the GDR in an amount of three million tons to the fact that the USSR is unable to supply the GDR with the usual amount due to last year’s catastrophic Soviet harvest.

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3. A Paris Report (Ryser, 5:10) focuses on a report delivered by a prominent leader of the French Socialist Party, Jospin, on his party’s relations with the French CP. Jospin points to the latter’s ambivalent policy of supporting the CPSU on such issues as Portugal and Czechoslovakia, white rejecting� the idea of the dictatorship of the proletariat and taking issue with the CPSU on the question of civil liberties, and of refusing to cooperate with the socialists at the factory level while participating in the leftist block with the socialists. Jospin says that the French CF only decided to review its policies as a result of the socialists’ successes.

4. In connection with the approaching first anniversary of the trial of Yugoslav dissident Mihajlo Mihajlov at which he was sentenced to 7 years imprisonment, Soviet Notes No. 639 (Rudolf: NY, 4:30) quotes from Mihajlov’s defense attorney’s speech in which he pleaded for freedom of expression, and from Mihajlov’s final statement in which he reaffirmed his opposition to Stalinism.

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1. The first part of the Press Review (lahr: M, 2:30) is devoted to the Middle East. The Washington Post feels the facts point to US confidence that President Asad will show moderation over the Lebanon, since in the case of a new war between Syria and Israel a nominally independent Lebanon could be of more use to Syria than if Syria were �to annex it. The Christian Science Monitor says the US veto against the UN Security Council resolution does not mean the USA is disposed against the Palestinians, but reflects the complexity of a solution of the Palestinian problem within the UN. The newspaper adds, however, that the USA needs to take further diplomatic steps to prove its impartiality.

2. Washington Report No. 641 (Savemark, 5:30) on Israeli Premier Rabin’s visit to the USA notes that while Israel can still count on full US political support she cannot reckon on continued military aid on the same scale as up to now on account of the USA’s policy of seeking a Middle East compromise, a fact demonstrated by the reduction in such aid envisaged by the US draft budget. According to available information, Kissinger suggested to Rabin that Israel establish contacts with the PLO if the latter agrees not to dispute Israel’s right to exist.

3. World Abroad No. 6 (Predtechevsky, Dreyer, Pusta: M, NY, 27:10) contains items on the aftermath of the civil war in the Lebanon, noting the increased influence of the Moslems; moves towards world economic cooperation and a new world economic - order, including the preparatory talks in Paris which produced a draft agenda for the four commissions of the international conference on economic cooperation (Problems of Developing Countries No. 15: Pusta M, 9 and Economy of Modern Capitalism No. 123: Dreyer, NY, 9),

4, New York Report No. 11.929 (L. Dudin, 4:20) notes mixed US press and public reaction to the Congressional veto on aid to the anti-MPLA forces in Angola. In the January 28 issue of The New York Times, for example, an editorial supports the Congressional decision, while political commentator Sulzberger expresses the view that it weakens the US internationally.

5. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 4:40) of the Algerian-Moroccan conflict over the Western Sahara notes that this is a potential area of international conflict in view of the fact that the USA is behind Morocco and the USSR behind Algeria and the POLISARIO.

I

6. A Note (Henkin: M, 6:40) on the Spanish government’s reform program proclaimed before the Cortes by Prime Minister Navarro points to the opposition’s disappointment in the pro-gram as well as to forces apparently aiming to persuade Spain to engage in over-hasty liberalization and democratization ending in upheaval and a communist dictatorship. In this connection, reference is made to a Literaturnaya Gazeta article of January 21 by Max Leon, a former l’Humanite correspondent in Moscow calling on the Spanish government * to satisfy the opposition’s demands. Significantly, the Spanish communists are not mentioned, the USSR evidently staking more on the nationality element.

7. A Special Report (Krassowsky: Bonn, 11) presents an interview given to RL correspondent Oleg Krassowsky and his RFE colleague Slava Volny by the President of the West German Federal Labor Exchange Joseph Stingl on the structure, functions and possibilities of his organization. Among other things, Stingl rejects the communist claim that unemployment in the FRG

is a, consequence of a crisis of the capitalist system.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL kND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Science and Technology Today No. 3 (Vladimirov: London, 29:30) contains an interview with Professor John McCarthy of Stanford University and chess grand master Leonid Shamkovich on the question of creating an "artificial brain," and items on an X-ray brain examination device developed in Britain, an antidote to cobra and mamba bites discovered in China, and a CERN scientist’s idea of using lasers to accelerate particles.

2. World of Sport No. 254 (Menchukov: MI 4:32) looks at the "balance of forces" on the world speed-skating scene on the eve of the Innsbruck Winter Olympics and concludes that superi... ority in this sport depends more on personal qualities than nationality.

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NEWS COVERAGE

January 29, 1976

Egyptian Vice -President Mubarak leaves for tour Morocco and Mauritania.

President Kaunda declares state of emergency in warns of foreign intervention.

Portuguese government orders return of Republica to socialists.

US Senate votes to establish 200 -mile fishing zone.

Postponement of Abu Dhabi OPEC meeting.

of Algeria,

Zambia,

offices

USSR launches eight Kosmos satellites.

Waldheim consults with Arab and PLO leaders on new moves toward Mideast settlement.

West Sahara developments: latest reports on fighting; diplo-matic moves to defuse crisis; Boumedienne sends message to

� Western, Eastern and non-aligned leaders accusing Morocco of genocide, says Algeria cannot ignore duty to people of West Sahara.

Pentagon report on Soviet military and economic aid to African countries.

Congress for racial equality to recruit black Americans to � fight against MPLA.

Allon says Palestinians may try to turn South Lebanon into a bridgehead for operations against Israel.

411 UNITA troops ordered to begin guerrilla warfare against MPLA.

Egypt urges Israel to join nuclear non-proliferation treaty.

Soviet policy on Jews condemned at consultative assembly of Council of Europe.

China attacks Soviet Angola policy in UNSC Namibia debate.

House committee rejects proposal for phased withdrawal of US troops from South Korea.

Spanish opposition groups express disappointment over reform program.

Labour left-wingers sign resolution condemning Margaret Thatcher’s statement about USSR.

Canada finalizes agreement to sell nuclear reactor to South Korea.

Arabs appeal to Boumedienne-and Hassan not to ’step up Sahara conflict.. �a ’

Sauvagnargues in Brazil.

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Marcos and Lee Kuan-Yew support collective security for ASEAN countries.

French ministers of finance and industry in Poland.

Main stadium will not be ready in time for Montreal Olympics.

Castro defends presence of Cubans in Angola.

North Korea accuses US of trying to provoke new Korean war.

Schmides state of the nation address in Bundestag.

China upholds Thatcher’s criticism of USSR.

Congress overrides veto and passes social welfare bill into law. ,

Soviet Olympic delegation in Bavaria.

Israeli authorities free three Arabs suspected of collaboration with Palestinian terrorists.

New wave of bombings in Portugal.

Japan will not improve relations with China at cost of good relations with USSR.

Kohout on freedom of travel.

Spanish socialist leader advocates collaboration with communists.

Moro continues consultations.

Danish Foreign Minister arrives in Bulgaria.

Chilean political prisoners to undergo medical examinations.

MFR talks resume in Vienna Friday.

West German opposition again rejects ratification of treaties with Poland.

� Ukrainians demonstrate at Soviet Embassy in London.

Ford administration considers open financial aid for Angolan factions.

Moro fails to get prior support from socialists.

Anti-communist terrorism continues in Portugal.

Soviet -Norwegian fishing commissions meet in Moscow.

Ford and Rabin conclude talks.

Arafat confers with Soviet Ambassador.

Morocco reports capture of Amgala.

Chile passes law to protect prisoners from torture.

t r771-c;

FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN RLd/RL ONLY




1._ A London Report (Chuguyev, 5) describes the polemics surrounding conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher’s statement that the USSR was increasing her military might at a rate beyond that required for defensive purposes. Over. 100 conservative MP’s signed a statement supporting Thatcher, over 70 Labor MP’s signed a counter-statement, pointing to a US military buildup. Shadow Fbreign Minister Maudling replisd to a’Soviet Embassy protest by listing four facts difficult to reconcile with Soviel detente assurances. A Soviet propaganda campaign against Thatcher, the British press, the British education system, etc., failed to answer the original charge.

2. A Paris Report (Ryser, 5:40) is devoted to a meeting held in Paris January 29 in support of Soviet dissidents by an association for the defense of freedoms proclaimed at Helsinki led by prominent lawyer Varot. The speakers included Russian writers Vladimir Maksimov, Viktor Nekrasov, Dmitriy Panin and Alexander Galich, Le Fipro chief editor Jean d’Ormessons and Catholic priest and Resiiance Lero Michal Riquet. Galich called for an international organization for the defense of Sakharov.

3. The Role of Economic Managers No. 9 (Kazantsev: NY, 9), 41/ based on the theoretical works of sociologist Aleksander

Yanev presently circulatinginsamizdat, continues to discuss the emergence in the USSR of two rival economic empires, one controlled by the party, the other by the punitive apparatus and divides the new generation of Soviet economic managers into four categories.

4. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 147 (Roitman, Gittelson� Panic-)717Tains the folrowing items: a report on a meeting of New York public figures in New York’s Commodore Hotel in support of efforts by Candidate of Physics and Mathematics Aleksander Temkin, formerly of Moscow, now resident in Israel, for reuni-fication with his daughter Marina (voice clips of Temkin are given in an interview given to RL’s ’correspondent); and a further excerpt from a so far unpublished book by Natalya Solomonovra Mikhoels-Vovsi entitled My Father Mikhoels (the Jewish actor Solomon Mikhoels murderea by Stalin’s agents in Minsk January 13, 1948).

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5. Cinema and Life No. ’27 (Gabay: NY, 8:45) discusses the

1954 Soviet film A Bis Family, based on Kochetov’s novel The

Zhurbins, which pleased post -Stalin film audiences by reason

of its human interest although it glorified and idealized the

working class. By way of contrast, the script quotes former

Moscow journalist Leonid Vladimirov on the contemptuous

attitude shown by the management of a Moscow auto plant to

its workers.

6. Other Shore No. 570 (Lovetskaya: Ms 2-5:25) presents the

63rd installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book The Communist

Party of the Soviet Union.

7._ In a Special Feature (Vasiliy Betaki: M, 15:35), Andrey

Sinyavsky tal.g. to poet Vasiliy Betaki about his new book

Walks with Pushkin.


1. A Special Feature (Matusevich: M, 9) takes issue with the

Soviet version of the penetration of Polish intelligence agent Anctmej 0zechowicz and his Czech colleague Pavel Minarik into

the "propaganda, sabotage and intelligence center at Radio

Free Europe," pointing to the completely open nature of RFE’s

activities and quoting the RFE press release expressing surprise

at the attention RFE has been getting from East European intel-ligence services. The script sees the two agents’ missions as part of a new Soviet and East European press campaign against RFE and RL.

2. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: Mt, 4:50) pegged to the resump-tion of the MIR talks in Vienna notes that while these talks have so far failed to produce any substantial results, NATO representatives are cautiously optimistic that the Warsaw Pact will not reject the Western proposal to reduce the number of nuclear warheads in Western Europe in exchange for the with-drawal of a Soviet tank army. Kissinger announced upon his return from Moscow that he had received an answer on MFR. The Soviets, for their part, are speculating on Western troop cuts for financial reasons.

3. United Nations Report No. 591 (Bykowsky: NY, 4:30) describes a verbal exchange during a UN Security Council debate on Namibia between Chinese delegate Lai Yua-li and Soviet delegate Yakov Malik in which Lai accused the USSR of imperialist aggression in Angola and Malik accused China of having allied itself with the "South African racists" and entertaining dreams of neo-colonialist domination in Africa.

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1. Washington Reort No. 642 (Savemark, 5:10) on Israeli Premier Rabin(s visit to the USA’notes that while Rabin has

no cause for concern over continued US political and diplo-

matic support for Israel, he cannot reckon with US economic

and military aid continuing at its traditionally’high level,

as shown by the Ford administration’s decision to cut the

amount of this year’s aid; the US government’s aim is to get

Rabin to agree to establish contacts with the PLO in ex-

change for PLO recognition of Israeli sovereignty.

2. The first part of the Press Review (Henkin: M, 5:20) is

devoted to the conflict in the Western Sahara between,Morocco and Algeria.. _The International Herald Tribune describes the

first serious ciash between regular Algerian and Moroccan

troops as .a major step in the escalation of this conflict. The Reuters correspondent in Rabat sees the conflict as part

of the USSR’s world strategy. The West German newspaper Die Welt notes that Algeria has received 89 million dollars worth of military aid from the USSR over the past five years. The Baltimore Sun says Soviet diplomats in Washington are expressing concern that the Moroccan-Algerian conflict could lead to increased tension in US-Soviet relations.

3. The second part of the Press Review is devoted to the, Spanish reform program. The�roTia-Fr=ly Express writes that the limited reforms announced by Prirrie-Minister Navarra will certainly cause disappointment particularly among leftist, elements, who would like to engage in fierce political struggle as in the "good old days." It is not known, however, whether this is what the ordinary Spaniard wants. The Financial Tithes asks whether the Spanish people will agree to the slow pace of the reforms and whether the existing institutions will.be prepared to abolish their own privileges. The London Times says everyone was disappointed with Navarro’s speech. "rre�Chirstian Science Monitor, on the other hand, feels the-7174hith government’s difficulties in being under pressure from right and left should not be underestimated. The Baltimore Sun says if Navarro’s reforms are properly implemented, Spain will deserve admission to the EEC and NATO.

4. A Bonn Report (Krassowsky, 5:10) gives highlights of Chancellor Schmidt’s state of the nation message, in which among other things he spoke of a turn for the better in FRG -GDR relations and a stabilization of the economic situatioH; and appealed to the opposition majority in the Bundesrat not to prevent ratification of the FRG -Poland agreement. The opposition expressed its criticism of Schmidt’s speech.

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5. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 4:10) sets the decision by the OPEC Finance qinisters conference in Paris to establish a 800-million-dollar aid fund for needy countries in the context of the fact that these countries have been the hardest hit by �the 1973 oil price hike.

6. New York Report No. 4915 (Davydov, 4:10) focuses on a meeting of a Senate committee at which Professor David Liliental and other scientists called for an embargo on US exports of

nuclear equipment owing to the danger of a proliferation of atomic weapons.

7. Europe Today No. 511 (Predtechevsky, S. Vardy, Chuguyev: M, London, 24:40) contains the following items: the views of actor Marcello Mastroianni and former world heavyweight boxing champion Max-Sehmeling on European unification; facts and figures on the life of a typical European family; impressions oi Denmark (the popularity of the monarchy, wages, social security, etc.); the federal structure of Western Germany; and the unemployment problem in Britain and measures being taken to solve it.

8. Daily Life No. 18 (Glasenapp: My 4:30) notes discussions in Western Europe on the question of "reprivatizing" certain communal services for greater economy and efficiency.


1. Man’s Inner World NO, 15 (Patrushev: M, 13430) discusses the science of parapsychology, which is also the subject of considerable interest in the USSR.

2. Cultural News Briefs No. 22 (Litvinov: M, 4:25) contains items on an exhibition of the Royal Academy in London on "the golden age of Spanish painting," and a new film entitled , La Cecilia directed by Jean Louis Comolli now showing in Paris. Ł

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NEWS COVERAGE.

January 301 1976

Portugal to get 200 million dollars in US aid.

Kissinger on open aid for Angola; warning on consequences of Soviet action.

Zambia reinforces troops on border with Angola.

Council of Europe’s consultative assembly disappointed by Spanish reform program.

Nine Cominformists to go on trial in Yugoslavia.

Lebanon amnesties deserters.

US asks USSR for information on three US residents alleged to have committed war crimes in Baltic countries.

Fighting in West Sahara: Moroccans capture Amgala oasis from Algerian troops; POLISARIO claims 60 Mauritanian troops killed in another battle.

House vote bans publication of intelligence report.

EEC commission recommends talks on Greek membership.

USSR orders over 300,000 tons of American corn.

MPLA columns heading for Angola’s Atlantic ports of Lobito and Benguela; advance on Huambo continues.

Senate Foreign Relations Committee approves military aid bill.

Rabin to visit New York todaY; wrapup on talks with Ford.

Rumsfeld says US military budget may have to be increased if SALT talks fail.

Diplomatic efforts continue to prevent an escalation of the Algerian-Moroccan conflict.

MFR talks continue in Vienna.

More mercenaries to go from Britain to Angola.

Waldheim discussed Mideast situation with Herzog.

Turkish envoy says US arms embargo endangers detente.

Egypt has paid 35% of 1960-67 arms debt to USSR.

UPI Stockholm correspondent reports confirmatory evidence of mutiny on Soviet ship last November.

Boumedienne and Jalloud hold talks on cooperation.

Plyushch to give press -conference.

RFE statement on press -conference of former staff member.

Yugoslavia and Spain hold talks on establishing diplomatic

relations.

Kaunda sends message to French President over Angola.

Polish delegate to MFR talks says new NATO proposal

inadequate.

Norwegian organisations hold press-conference to mark

first anniversary of Vins trial.

Soviet and American negotiators to SALT talks meet.

Spain to lift censorship of national and foreign films.

Association for Helsinki Freedoms appeals for Sakharov.

Vorster on Coniunist aggression in Angola.

Egypt seeks cooperation with EEC.

� Thai army commander says US forces should remain in Thailand.

Kissinger urges Congress to end MFN status requirements.

Luns criticizes USSR over detente. �

Vorster concedes South African troops fighting in Angola.

Gilashvilli appointed Chairman of Georgia’s Supreme Soviet.

:.TOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN RLC/R4 ONLY

Russian Broadcast Analysis No. 26 for January 31 and February 1, 1976 D. Felton



� 1. The subject of Round Table Discussion No. 192 (Krassowsky, Finkelstein, Rahr, Henkin: Ms 20) of January 1 is Kissinger’s

� trip to Moscow.

2. The World Last Week No. 285 (Predtechevsky, Beloborodov, Hendler, Bykowsky, Chuguyev, Krassowsky, Henkin: Mit Washington, NY, London, Bonn, 20) contains items on the mood of caution surrounding the,renewal of the SALT talks, and the polemics in Britain over;Margaret Thatcher’s statement on the Soviet military build4.

3. Russian Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow No. 639 (Koryakov, 13) contrasts a KGB officer’s remark to Valentin Turchin, arrested in connection with his position of chairman of the Soviet branch of Amnesty International to the effect that it was useless to expect help from the West, with successful efforts on behalf of Leonid Plyushch by fellow mathematicians through-out the world, especially in France, an international psychi-atrists conference in Geneva on the abuse of psychiatry for political purposes, the Sakharov hearing in Copenhagen, etc. Reference is also made to Solzhenitsxk’s statement that just as peace is 4.\sndivisible so is vio1eric4.

4., Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 100 (Belotserkovsky, Roitman, Selga: M, 20) contains items on: the speech by - Georgian CF CC First Secretary Shevarnadze at the Party’s 25th Congress in which he castigated grave shortcomings in the republic’s economy and leadership; the dismissal of such senior CPSU officials as Vladimir Degtyarev (First Secretary of the Donetsk Oblast Committee), Dzhunusaliyev (First _Zg_retary of the Naryn Oblast), Orazmukhamedov (Chairman of the - of-Ministers) and Giyi Dzhavakhishvili (Chairman of the’ Georgian Council-of Ministers); and a shor-tened version of the commentary given in RL’s Latvian service on a documentary film on a concentration camp in Riga which was recently shown on TV in several countries.

5. Miscellaneous Items No. 77 (Predtechevsky: M, 9) gives quotes from speeches adulating Soviet leaders. subsequently removed on the grounds of years of incompetent.managpment to: illustrate the fact that flattery and eyewash play a greater part in the selection of leading cadres in the USSR than such qualities as competence and honesty.

8.. In Journalist’s Notebook No. 90. (Skorbina: M, 9), a former Soviet woman journalist gives examples from her own experience� and from the Soviet press of the high-handedness and incom-petence of minor kolkhoz administrators.

7. Economists on the Soviet�Economy No. 67 (Chianurov:. Ms 9) presents some comparative. figures on the standard. of living in the USSR, the USA, Britain, West Germany and France given by British economist. Keith Bush.

8. Lawyer’s Notes No. 84 (Roitman: M, 9) discusses the book United Nations Journal: A Delegate’s Odyssey by US writer and journalist William Buckley in which8 makes critical observa-tions on the political infighting in the UN. The script focuses on Buckley’s portrait of Soviet UN delegate Jakob Malik.

9. Letters and Documents No. 1131 (Burstein: M, 25:40) gives the texts of an open letter by Sakharov to Amnesty International and an international lawyers association appealing for help for Sergey Kovalev and Andrey Tverdokhlebov; a similar appeal by Tatyana Velikanova, Aleksandr Lavut and YuriY Orlov, members of the Soviet initiative group for the defense of human rights, also addressed to the international human rights committee; an appeal by 40 Soviet citizens to the chairman of the UN General Assembly calling on the Assembly to declare the torture of prisoners unlawful (dated some time in September or October 1973); an identical appeal by Sakharov and 4 other prominent dissidents (dated not later than November 11, 1973); and an open letter by Georgian writer Eviad Gamsakhurdin to British Professor David Lang refuting the latter’s allegation that a report by British journalist Peter Reddaway on the -stealing of precious objects belonging to the Georgian Patriarchate was false.

10. Cultural News Briefs No. 23 (Litvinov, Yu. Panich: M, 4) gives an annotation of the 6th issue of the quarterly Kontinent.

11. The Present Through the Prism of the Past No. 32 (Antonovich: M, 9) questions the Soviet claim that the USSR constitutes a "new historic community of people," pointing out that, having overcome their economic backwardness, the peripheral nations of the former Russian Empire are insisting on their right to exist as independent states. The scriptaLso explains that the Russian people does not strive for domination in the world communist movement, "Russian imperialism" having been imported by Europeans invited in by Peter the Great, and asks why Pravda does not show the same concern for the Crimean Tatars’ right to live in their homeland as it does for that of the Palestinians.

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12. Other Shore No. 571 (Lovetskaya:. M, 24:10) presents the 64th installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book The Communist Party of the Soviet Union. .

13. In Writer’s Diary No. 15 (Sinyavsky: Paris, 13:15), Russian emigre writer Anarey Sinyavsky explains his motives for writing his latest book Walks with Pushkin.

p.

14. This week’s Panorama (Krassowsky, Salkazanova, Chuguyev, Zavalishin:, M Pais, London, NY, Bonn, 20) contains items ’ on: performances in Paris by Mstislav Rostropovich and Galina Vishnevskaya; an interview given by Rostropovich to the London Times; the election of Edward Kuznetsov and Vladimir Bukovsky as members of the French PEN Club; and the sale of new gold ten-ruble coins in the West.

-401, 15. Signal No. 361 (Predtechevsky: MI 9) of February 1 ex-plain7-77-the USA rejected the Soviet SALT proposal for a 10 percent cut in strategic arms, namely because the USSR has already exceeded the (not binding) Vladivostok limit.

16. In Topic of Discussion No. 209 (Rudolf: NY, 18), Professor and Doctor of Technical Sciences R. S. Rutman talks about the situation of a scientist in the USSR and in the West (Israel, Britain, Canada, the USA)-and his motives for emigrating from the USSR. Professor Rutman now teaches mathematics and the theory of automatic control in Canada.

17. Fifty Years Ago This Week No. 81 (Hendler: NY, 13:30) recalls the discovery February 8, 1926, by an employee of the Leningrad Guberniya Archives of a document in which the Provisional Government charged Lenin with planning an armed uprising against the government and with plotting with agents of hostile states subversive activities aimed at disorganizing the Russian Army. Sui,sequent evidence substantiated links between Lenin and the Bolsheviks and German agents.

18. In a Special Feature (Panich: M, 19:08) writer Grigoriy Svirsky talks about a new book of his on "moral resistance literature" in the USSR, presently in the process of prepara-tion, which is based on the author’s lectures of Toronto University and his broadcasts for RL.

19. In Cau Topics No. 10 �(Levitin-Krasnov: Ms 9), Russian church writer Anatoliy Levitin-Krasnov briefly outlines the history of Soviet concentration camps up to and including the Yagoda period.

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1. The World Last Week No. 285 (Predtechevsky, Beloborodov,

Hendler, Bykowsky, Chuguyev, Krassowsky, Henkin: M, Washington,

NY, London, Bonn, 20) of January 31 contains an item on the

renewal of the MFR talks in Vienna, noting a feeling among

NATO experts that the Warsaw Pact will not categorically

reject the NATO proposal to reduce the number of US nuclear

warheads in Central Europe in exchange for the withdrawal of

Warsaw Pact troops and equipment..

2. In Religion in the Modern World No. 242 (Bourdeaux:

British pastor Michael Bourdeaux points to the official

campaign against religion being conducted in Czechoslovakia

which is not apparent to the casual visitor.

3. A Special Feature (Kunta: 19:45) of February 1 presents

an article by Bulgarian publicist Dimitar Bochev entitled

"Orthography and Orthoepy or Universal Guilt and the

Anonymous Culprit" on the subject of censorship in Eastern

Europe which appears in the 5th issue ofthe op_martmay Kontinent.

4. Theater Horizons No. 77 (Yelizaveta Igoshinai M, 9:13)

discusses the play Rome, or the Second Creation of the World

by GDR playwright and Lessing Prize Laureate Kiirt gamel,

about a village in the GDR which has allegedly become the

prototype of a "new world." The play is described as showing

a striking similarity to the "conflictless" plays produced

in the USSR in the late forties and early fifties.


1. The World Last Week No. 285 (Predtechevsky, Beloborodov,

Bykowsky, Chuguyev, Krassowsky, Henkin: M, Washington, NY,

London, Bonn, 20) of January 31 contains items on the US

Congress’s action in blocking aid to any of the warring

groups in Angola; the US veto in the UN Security Council of

an, Arab Middle East resolution on the grounds it went too

far beyond resolutions 242 and 338; FRG Chancellor Schmidt’s

state of the nation message; and the reforms announced by..

Spanish Prime Minister Arias Navarro.


COUNTRIES:

1. This week’s Panorama (Krassowsky, Salkazanova, Chuguyev,

Zavalishin: M, Pri77-75ndon, NY, Bonn, 20)of January 31

contains items on an exhibition of works by French painter and

sculptor Aristide Maillol in New York’s Guggenheim museum;

and a new fish-breeding method developed in Western Germany.

2. In Sunday Talk No. 981 (Shmeman: NY, 9), Father Alexander

continues his religious cogitations on the need for penance

and devoutness in the face of attempts to create a "new. world."

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NEWS COVERAGE

January 31, 1976

Kissinger says US trade and aid for USSR is hampered by Soviet intervention in Angola.

Rabin excludes interim agreements with Syria and Jordan

for present.

Turkish Foreign Minister to visit Washington in February.

Belgium rejects Soviet and Arab protests over Jewish

meeting in Brussels.

UNSC unanimously adopts resolution on Namibia.

Spanish Christian-Democrats meeting.

Rabin satisfied with his talks in Washington.

Waldheim meets with Spanish, Algerian and Moroccan UN envoys.

Portuguese Premier meets with farmers’ delegation.

Ford on Angolan situation and progress in SALT talks.

Canada warns Cuba on use of Gander for flights to Angola.

Khaddam continues mediation mission in Lebanon.

International Engergy Agency members agree on long-term cooperation program.

Japanese military leader reports Soviet naval buildup.

Situation in Sahara; Egyptian mediation reported successful.

Karami criticizes forecasters of new civil war.

Nuclear powers regulate sale of power plants.

410 Algeria calls for self-determination for Sahara.

US to-continue military aid to Morocco.

Soviet Ambassador warns of South African threat.

USSR publishes grain figures.

MPLA concerned over mercenaries.

Turkey to withdraw 2,000 soldiers from Cyprus.

Karamanlis protests EEC stand on Greek membership.

US gives up another base in Thailand.

Libya asks for UNSC session on Comores.

Tito says there will be no changes when he leaves power.

Yugoslav theologian charged with anti-state propaganda.

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Lebanon’s Christian leaders hold meeting.

Indian President dismisses Tamil Nadu state government.

Saudi Arabia to mediate in Saharan conflict.

Greece and Turkey resume talks on Aegean seabed.

February 1, 1976

Gunmen attack newspaper buildings in Beirut; six dead.

US reported selling C-130 transport aircraft to Egypt, State Department issues denial.

Waldheim appoints special representative for Western Sahara.

Morocco claims 200 Algerians dead, 109 captured in Sahara.

Egyptian party secretary hints at return to multi-party system.

Portuguese communists meet with Revolutionary Council; farmers to hold rallies today.

Picasso paintings stolen from Pope’s palace in Avignon.

Rabin comments on situation in Lebanon.

UN envoy to fly to East Timor for talks with FRETILIN leaders

Brief recess in Balkan conference.

Meetings and demonstrations forbidden in Tamil Nadu State.

USSR and North Vietnam sign document on sea transport and goods exchange.

Kissinger reportedly to visit Moscow this month.

PLO condemns attack on newspaper buildings in Beirut.

US Embassy in London denies any connection with recruitment of mercenaries for Angola.

China accuses USSR of having capitalist-style economy.

Genscher on accords with Poland and GDR.

Military observers from Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Rumania

and Yugoslavia arrive in USSR to watch maneuvers.

Anti-government demonstration in Barcelona.

Italian economic experts meet on anti-recession program.

Leftist guerrillas attack police academy in Argentina.

French police hunt for Picasso paintings thieves.

TASS accuses Ford and Kissinger of misleading statements about Angola.

Israeli-Egyptian commission meets on construction of monitoring post in Sinai.

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FRG’s Defense Minister arrives in Turkey.

Portuguese farmers gather in five towns.

Rumsfeld says US should keep militaryprity with USSR.

Egypt receives new consignment of jet fighters.

Algerian unit leaves Saharan oasis Amgala after battle.

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Russian Broadcast Analysis No. 28 for February 3, 1976 D. Felton



1. A Special Feature (Salkazanova: Paris, 15) gives the contents of a press conference given in Paris by Leonid

110 Plyushch in which he thanked all those who had helped secure his release and described his experiences in a special psychiatric hospital in Dnepropetrovsk.

2. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:45) examines Soviet detente policy on the eve of the 25th CPSU Congress. The Neue Zuercher Zeitung says that while one section of the Soviet leadership sees detente as a way of ensuring the USSR’s peaceful economic development, another regards it as a means of altering the balance of power between East and West. The newspaper predicts that, at the congress, the latter will call for tougher action. The Sueddeutsche Zeitung predicts that Brezhnev will present Angola as the main argument in favor of detente, rejects the Soviet claim that in Angola the USSR is supporting the "legal government."

3. Basis for Hope No. 164 (R. Dudin: NY, 9:05) gives the contents of two January 21 New York Times articles, one by James Reston, entitled "Kissinger’s Mission," expressing

�optimism on the prospects for this mission, the other by retired Admiral Elmo Zumwalt, who criticizes Kissinger on detente. The script expresses the opinion that Kissinger’s visit ended in a tie.

4. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 4:50) takes issue with Brezhnev’s claim, made in a message to an international Angolan solidarity conference which began February 2 in Luanda, that the Soviet position on Angola fully corresponded with UN and OAU resolutions on racism, apartheid and decolonialization. The analyst observes that the Portuguese never pursued a

4 fascist policy in Angola, and the liberation struggle was waged by the FNLA and UNITA besides the MPLA.

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5. A Bonn Report (Krassowsky, 5:55) highlights a program shown on February 2 on West German TV’s First Program on KGB activities in the FRG. The program included a film taken by a West German camera team of two KGB officials on the staff of the Soviet Embassy in Bonn, as well as interviews with a former KGB agent and a CDU official approached by a KGB agent.

6. New York Report No. 4938 (Gittelson, 4:20) reports on a joint meeting held in support of Soviet political prisoners Boris Penson and Vyacheslav Chornovil on February .1 in a Long Island synagogue by the committee for the defense of Soviet Jews and a committee for the defense of political prisoners in the USSR established by American-Ukrainian students. Voice clips are given of participants former US Justice Minister Ramsey Clark and Soviet civil rights activist Pavel Litvinov, who pointed in an RL interview to the significance of the joint character of the meeting.

7. Sociology of Science No. 41 (A. Vardy, V. Faynberg: M, 9) presents a further interview with Soviet dissident Viktor Faynberg on the subject of Soviet psychiatry. Attention is drawn among other things to a Soviet sociologist’s recommenda-tions that children be brought up by their mothers, not in creches, etc., until the age of three, and Soviet psychiatry’s degradation into a pseudo-science as a result of its sub-ordination to ideological and party interests.

8. Problems of Labor and Democracy No. 57 (Belotserkovsky: M, 8:38) points to the poor recreation facilities in the USSR as compared with the West.

9..an In the Ranks No. 41 (Shchetinsky: M, 9), a former Soviet soldier who served on the Soviet-Chinese border from 1966 to 1969 recalls being transported by train with fellow recruits from the western part of the USSR to Vladivostok, among other things noting the stultifying brutality of discipline in the Soviet army.

10. In Portraits of My Contemporaries No. 6 (Kushev: M, 9), Soviet civil rights activist Yevgeniy Kushev recalls his dissi-dent colleague Vladimir Osipov, editor of the typewritten samizdat journal Veche, who is now serving an eight-year term of imprisonment.

11. Cinema and Life No. 28 (Gabay: NY, 8:32) recalls the 1956 Georgian film Lurdzha Magdany, which in contrast to the stereo-typed propaganda productions of the Stalin era, gave a convincing and realistic portrayal of Georgian life and national traditions.

12. In Art Under Totalitarianism No. 4 (Golomshtok: M, 8:30), art expert Igor Golomshtok describes the early developments in Soviet art which led to the emergence of socialist realism, referring in particular to the so-called Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia.

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13. A Special Feature (Kunta: M, 22) presents the.final part of an article by Sergey Levitsky entitled "The Tragedy of Freedom: The Modern Version" published in the fifth issue of the quarterly Kontinent.

14. A Cultural Note (Yu. Panich: M, 3:30) annotates the latest issue of the Russian-language Israeli monthly Vremya i my (We and the Times), whose contributors are recent emigres from the USSR.

15. In Sound of Strings No. 410 (Mitina: M, 4:30), Mikhail Ancharov sings the songs "Beauty"and "Steps."


110 1. The third part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:45) focuses on relations between the CPSU and West European CP’s. The French journal Express carries an article by Jean Francois Revel, who writes that whatever Mitterrand may think, for socialists to conclude an alliance with communists amounts to "suicide."

2. A Paris Report (Ryser, 5:15) pegged to the upcoming 22nd congress of the French CP. Points to the party’s recent con-demnation of the violation of human rights in the USSR and its rejection of the idea of a "dictatorship of the proletariat." Some observers, however, feel this is only a tactical move.

3. In a Special Feature (Litvinov: M, 8:20), Boris Litvinov talks to Czech writer Milan Kundera in connection with the / publication in Paris of a French-language edition of his book / The Farewell Waltz,


1. The first part of the Press Review (Rahr: M 5:45) is devoted to US diplomacy and foreign policy. The New York Times says Moynihan’s resignation as US delegate at the UN may mean a change in the US tone at the UN but no substantial change in its policy, in particular towards the third world. The newspaper feels that Moynihan’s policy of trying to break up the UN block which invariably voted against the US was beginning to bear fruit. The Washington Post points to the US public’s growing disillusionment with detente, particularly in view of the Soviet intervention in Angola.

2. The final part of the Press Review is devoted to the Lebanon. The International Herald Tribune editorializes that fighting is going on in the Lebanon not only between rightists and leftists, Moslems and Christians, but Palestinians supported by Iraq, for example, and Palestinians supported by Syria; the only solution is to restore an effective government.

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3. The World Abroad No. 8 (Predtechevsky, Storozhenko: M, NY, 20) contains items on: the election of Jimmy Carter and George Wallace as delegates to the National Democratic Party Convention from Iowa and Mississippi, and the participation of blacks in, US political life (American Panorama No. 108: Storozhenko, NY, 8:51); the US Supreme Court’s decision to review the question of the death penalty; a demand by the American Federation of Government Employees for extension of its competence to the US armed forces; conflicts between Moslems and Christians in the Lebanon, Nigeria and the Philippines, and a conference in Tripoli to discuss ways of solving them; the opposition by the population of one of the Comoro Islands to independence from France; and Indira Gandhi’s action in taking control over the state of Tamil Nadu.

4. United Nations Report No, 593 (3ykowsky: NY, 4:45) reports on the adoption by the UN Security Council of a resolution calling on South Africa to give independence to Namibia and condemning South Africa’s apartheid policy and her use of Namibia for aggression against "neighboring countries." The South African delegate rejected the resolution. The script also refers to the demand by the government of the Comoro Islands for a Security Council meeting on the French plan to hold a referendum on one of these islands, Mayotte, whose population wishes to remain under French rule.

5. New York Report No, 4937 (Hendler, 3:35) notes the US intention to raise the question of a worldwide amnesty for

� political prisoners at the upcoming Geneva session of the UN human rights committee after an attempt to sUbmit a similar resolution last fall met with a lukewarm reception.

� 6. New York Report No. 4936 (Hendler, 4:50) discusses the Senate decision to extend the USA’s fishing zone to 200 miles with effect from July 1, 1977, and its implications for the international sea law conference scheduled to begin in New York in March. Reference is made to intensive Soviet and Japanese fishing in US coastal waters, the need to conserve fish stocks, and the fact that 14 other countries have already proclaimed a 200-mile fishing zone.

7. New York Report No. 4930 (Shilaeff, 4:55) describes Thai Premier Kukrit Pramoj’s decision to call for new elections as an attempt to form a stable government in face of the communist

4 threat resulting from the communist takeovers in Indochina and continuing Chinese-supported insurgent activity.


1. The World Abroad No. 8 (Predtechevsky, Storozhenko: M, NY 20) contains items on the question of whether the Olympic facilities in Montreal will be ready in time for this year’s games; and an ecological conference in Barcelona on measures to prevent pollu-tion of the Mediterranean.

trAP

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NEWS COVERAGE

February 3, 1976

Spanish Trade Minister forecasts application to join EEC.

FRG Defense Minister continues talks in Turkey.

Chile to admit UN human rights group.

Moynihan resigns as US permanent representative at UN.

German TV film on KGB activities in FRG.

� FNLA to reopen northern front in Angola with mercenary help.

UNSC to debate Comores complaint on Wednesday.

.Famous Polish writer joins protests against constitutional changes.

411 Egypt puts forward plan to settle Saharan conflict.

Kissinger to start delayed Latin American tour February 16.

Chalidze calls on US to use existing international conventions to pressure USSR into observing human rights.

Algeria denies Soviet arms airlift.

Portuguese CP calls on socialists to draw up common action program.

Morocco willing to submit West Sahara question to Arab League, OAU or UN; Algerian troops dig in around Nahbes.

Sadat claims Ford told him US will eventually recognize PLO.

US confirms that Egypt has requested C-130 transport planes.

Rabin says Israel is ready to take risks for peace.

Kissinger denies that Moynihan resigned for lack of support.

4111 China strengthens troops on border with USSR.

Egypt calls for meeting of Algerian, Moroccan and Egyptian Foreign Ministers to discuss West Sahara.

MPLA calls for normalization with Zaire; Zaire

Coalition for Democratic Majority statement on relations.

Standing Committee of Chinese People’s Council to discuss election of new premier soon.

USSR may buy another one million tons of US cor

reaction.

US-Soviet

expected

n.

Kissinger again justifies Angolan policy.

Terrorists hold 30 schoolchildren hostage in Djibouti.

Poland tries to raise huge foreign loan.

Afro-Asian conference on maritime law in Delhi.

Plyushch press conference in Paris.

Senator Jackson releases committee material on freedom to publish.

Mobutu Seko bans use of Zaire territory for transit of mercenaries bound for Angola.

100 Palestinian students occupy Madrid offices of Arab League.

Indian government asks postponement of elections and one-year extension of parliament.

TASS commentator on Western charges of increasing Soviet military strength.

11 NATO members agree to coordinate military arms production.

Andres Pascal Allende arrives in Costa Rica.

Moro discusses economic program with Christian-Democratic leaders.

Six people killed in clashes in Beirut.

Northern Ireland constitutional assembly opens.

Former President of Cyprus, Nicos Sampson, to go on trial.

Bonn regrets US decision to extend territorial waters.

Firm in US state of Georgia signs technological agreement with USSR.

Peres warns of danger of new Mideast war.

Kissinger doubts Communist participation in West European governments compatible with NATO aims.

Demonstrators sack Portuguese CP headquarters in Mirandela.

Five African Presidents reportedly to meet in Zambia to discuss Angolan situation.

Another SALT session.

Assassination attempt on Central African Republic President reported.

Mediterranean oil spill threat discussed at Barcelona conference. Ł

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Russian Broadcast Analysis No. 29 for February 4, 1976 D. Felton




1. Washington Report No. 643 (Savemark, 4:15) gives the highlights of Kissinger’s February 3 speech in San Francisco in-which_he-warned-the USSR that the USA would not remain passive-if the USSR should attempt a further Angola-type intervention; critic-ized the Congressional ban on aid to any of the warring groups in Angola, -as well as the Jackson amendment; and warned that failure to conclude a new SALT agreement would mean that the USA would have to spend an extra 20 billion dollars on strategic arms during the next five years.

2. An Analysis (Predtechevsky: M, 5) notes that the 32nd session of the UN human rights committee which opened in Geneva February 2 has on its agenda the violation of human rights in Chile, South Africa and Israeli-occupied Arab territories but not in such countries as the USSR. In this connection the script notes persistent Soviet action to minimize the UN’s role in the field of human rights.

3. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 15) continues an account of Leonid Plyushch’s press conference in Paris, focusing on a letter he sent to the French CP CC thanking the party for its efforts to secure his release and calling upon it to come out in support of other Soviet dissidents (the letter was not published in Humanite as Plyushch requested since it was mysteriously leaked to other newspapers), his statement on the nationality movements in the USSR, especially the Ukrainian (which he said had been crushed for the present), his expression of hope that the Soviet system would become more humane, and his wife’s statements on the situation of the wives of Soviet political prisoners.

4. Vital Problems of the Soviet Economy No. 16 (Chianurov: M, 4:30) observes that shortfalls in budgetary income in the Uzbek, Kazakh and Turkmen republics complained of by Soviet Finance Ministry officials are due not so much to inefficiency on the part of the finance authorities as the pcor operation of the consumer goods industry, fr6m the tax on whose products bud-getary income is largely derived.

2

5, Scientific Observer No. 88 (Lavrov: NY, 9) reviews developments in Soviet civil aviation in 1975, in particular the maiden flight of the promising Yak-42; failure to put

the SST TU-144 into passenger service; sales difficulties

with the TU-154 owing to the latter’s poor technical and

economic qualities; and the death of top aircraft designer

Pavel Osipovich Sukhoy.

6. Letters and Documents No. 1133 (Burstein: M, 25:50)

consists of the second installment of the New York-based

Chronicle for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR (an

appeal by Moscow intellectuals on the occasion -of Political

Prisoner’s Day, October 30, calling for the humane treatment

of political and other prisoners in the USSR, and brief

items from the Soviet human rights front); and a samizdat

document on _the theft .of religious objects belonging to the

Ge7Orgian Patriarchate by -KGB officials.

7. Other Shore No. 3-72 (LovetskaYa:_M, 28:45) presents the

65th installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The


8. In Cultural Review No. 1019 (Litvinov: M, 13:05),

Professor Nikita Struve of Paris University talks about

Berdyayev’s views on the work of Picasso.

9, In People and Events of Recent Russian History (Anin:

M, 9), historian and writer David Anin recalls the dispute

within the Russian Socialist-Revolutionary Party at the

time of the 1905 revolution on whether to adopt aggressive

or wait-and-see tactics.

10. Church Singinu No. 18 (Tsiolkovich: M, 4:30) presents

"The Cherub’s Song" Derformed by a Paris cathedral choir

conducted by Petr Vasilevich Spassky.


1. The first part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:25) focuses on relations between communist parties in connection

with the French CF’s 22nd Congress. Le Monde says while the

French CF is certainly using the congress in order to demon-strate to the world its respect for democracy and human rights, it should also restructure its internal affairs on democratic lines. La Croix points to the contradiction between Marchais’ statement on French communists’ not aiming for a dictatorship of the proletariat and the party’s claim

that it alone represents the interests of the working class and its continued adherence to "democratic centralism" in relations with its members. The Christian Science Monitor

feels that the conference of South European socialists and communists proposed by Soares will demonstrate the unfeasi-bility of alliances between the two parties and will lead to the isolation of the communists. Only in France is such an alliance a reality, where about 80 percent of intellectuals

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have leftist views which, however, have been dealt a power-ful blow by Jean-Francois Revel’s book The Temptation of Totalitarianism,qach says communism, not capitalism is the main obstacle to the building of socialism. In an interview given to the Italian newspaper La Stampa, however, Italian CP leader. Berlinguer expresses the view that the capitalist society is experiencing such a grave crisis that communists, socialists, and even Christian-Democrats must review their mutual relations and political doctrines.

2. A Backgrounder M, 5:50) notes concern in Yugoslavia and Albania over a possible threat to their in-

_ dependenc.e. -Borbai-for example, noted that the Soviet press decribes attempts by foreign CF’s to preserve their national independence as "reactionary" and-"revisionist," and Enver Hoxha has repeatedly spoken of a Soviet military threat. Th�: RL analyst also notes the activities of neo-Stalinists in Yugoslavia, and suggests that recent purges in Albania may also have been directed against such elements.

3. New York Report No. 4939 (Shilaeff, 4:50) suggests that Chou En-lai’s decision to have his ashes scattered, a practice at variance with traditional Chinese Confuciamism and ancestor worship, could be due to his prediction that the radicals will come out on top in the present political conflict in China, in which case they could take revenge on his mortal remains as those of a moderate.

4. Socio-Economic Problems No. 19(Glasenapp: M, 9) continues to take issue with the convergence theory. The so-called capitalist system has proved its efficiency in, for example, rebuilding Western Europe after World War II, while the socialist system has failed to provide its citizens with a reasonable standard of living. Further, the socialist state has its own ideology governing its citizens behavior not only in the public but the private sphere, whereas in the West the state confines itself to the function of making life easier.


1. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr: M, 5:25) is devoted to Angolla. The Baltimore Sun gives facts and figures on arms deliveries to African countries by the USA, the USSR, France and other nations noting, that many African countries have t)make payment by offering the use of military bases.

2. A Tel-Aviv Report (Perelman, 5:20) on Rabin’s visit to the USA asks what results it can bring in view of the present Middle East impasse and Washington’s obvious desire to win time. Knesset deputy Ben Porat.spoke of early elections and the growing influence of the "hawks."

4

3. New York Report No. 4941 (Dudin, )4:10) suggests that

Patrick Moynihan may have resigned as the USA’s UN representa-

tive either because Harvard University confronted him with

the choice of either resuming his teaching activities at the

university or leaving for good, or because he wants to run

for the post of Senator for New York against James Buckley.

Fol7 the Ford administration, Moynihan’s departure is a

serious loss.

4. Europe Today No. 513 (Predtechevsky: M, 13:30) contains

the following items: the views on European unification of

Professor Reimar Luest, President of the West German Max

Planck Society, Sir Norman Reid, Director of London’s Tate

Gallery, and French painter Georges Mathieu; facts and

figures on the life of a typical British family; and regional

autonomy in Italy.

5. A B-ackgrounder (Krassowsky: M, 5:20) says available

evidence, in particular reports from refugees, indicates that

the recent announcement on elections in Cambodia March 20

to the Council of People’s Representatives does not mean a

normalization of the situation in that country.


COUNTRIES:

1. Tomorrow of the Planet Earth No. 145 (Patrushev: M, 8:50)

says the controversy taking place in the West over the eco-logical crisis testifies not to the decay of the capitalist system, as claimed by Soviet commentators, but to its vitality.

In this connection British historian Arnold Toynbee is quoted and reference made to the ecological, economic, social, and political difficulties instrumental in the decline and fall

of the Roman Empire.

2, In Modern Society and Education No. 59 (Golomshtok, Schajovicz: M, 9:05), Igor Golomshtok, who left the USSR in 1972, comments on the British education system on the basis of his experience as a teacher of Russian at Oxford University.

3. An Innsbruck Report (Pylayev: M, 6:30) on the mood in the Tirolean capital at the start of the 12th Winter Olympics notes the high Austrian expectations and the appearance of two types of "wonder skis."

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NEWS COVERAGE

February 40 1976

Kissinger on Soviet and Cuban intervention in Angola.

Italian Treasury Minister on economic crisis.

Rabin doubts existence of secret understanding between Egypt and US.

’Iran experiencing economic difficulties due to drop in oil export$0.

Agapov’s wife unable to contact husband by telephone.

GDR further strengthens obstacles on border with FRG.

Appeal to Marchais on fate of four Prague Spring activists. _ _ US-enators and congressman introduce resolution expressing solidarity with Brusgols Jewish conference.

US spokesman says goal of USSR in Angola goes beyond simple support of MPLA.

FRG Defense Minister ends talks in Turkey.

Portuguese CP calls on government to recognize MPLA regime.

Egyptian mediation between Morocco and Algeria continues.

FRG denies publication of names of KGB diplomats violates Vienna convention.

French CP congress opens.

China sees Soviet role in Angola as part of master plan against all Africa.

South Africa says it has 4,000-5,000 troops in Southern Angola.

Jordan to postpone elections and resurrect old parliament.

Moro discusses proposals for economic cleanup with socialists.

World Bank grants 33-million-dollar loan to Chile.

Cambodia to have elections in March.

Marchais, in congress speech, criticizes injustices in USSR.

Twenty-nine Soviet Jews appeal to Marchais.

Senator Jackson on administration’s approach to detente.

US delegate at UN human rights committee calls for un-biassed approach to violations of basic freedoms.

Peres says Syria may attack Israel when UN troop mandate expires.

Iceland turns down UK proposal for settlement of fishery dispute.

LiberatIon publishes names of Soviet dissidents in psychiatric hospitals.

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Earthquake in Guatemala.

Winter Olympics open in Innsbruck.

Bukovskyls mother appeals to Amnesty International.

Litgazeta denies incarceration of dissidents in Sovietmental hospital. Spanish Interior Minister promises further reforms.

Waldheim advised all East Timor under pro-Indonesian control.

Marchais speech at opening of 22nd French CP Congress.

Swiss medical association appeals to Brezhnev for Bukovskyls release.

Soares says Portuguese socialists will not join up with other parties-.-

Terroriits who seized school bus in Djibouti are killed, but one child also dies.--

General elections in India deferred for a year.

Rumsfeld calls for more funds for arms.

Kissinger says US will not allow USSR role of universal policeman.

FRG will give Portugal loan.

British trawlers to continue fishing in Icelandic waters; Iceland refuses to guarantee trawlers will not be hindered.

Death toll amounts in Guatemalan earthquake.

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for February 20, 1976 D. Felton




11, 1. The first part -of the Press Review (Rahr, Perouansky:

M, 7:45) is devoted to the 25th CPSU congress. The Hamburg

weekly Zeit says persistence and equilibrium are Brezhnev’s

main traits.. Although his image in the West as an exponent

of detente has paled somewhat, it may be asked whether each

side is not to blame in speculating that detente would be to

its own advantage. Despite his shaky health, Brezhnev’s

political position is secure, Viktor Zorza, writing in the

International Herald Tribune, also concludes that, despite

setbacks over SALT, China and the European communist confer-

ence, the 25th CPSU congress will strengthen Brezhnev’s

position, since the bulk of the Soviet leadership still wants

detente,with which Brezhnev’s name is associated.

2. The third and final part of the Press Review (Rahr,

Perouansky: M, 7:45) is devoted to the Brussels world Jewish

conference in support of Soviet Jews. Two articles in Le

Monde point to the difficult situation of Soviet Jews and

the massive Soviet propaganda campaign against the Brussels

conference, which included a Moscow press conference of

Jews who returned from Israel. The London Times gave

lengthy excerpts from speeches by US Senator Church, Rabin,

Golda Meir, etc. The Baltimore Sun said the conference played

the role of the conscience of the USSR; -noting also that the

Belgian government refused to bow t-d Soviet pressure in

allowing the conference to take place. -

3. A Tel-Aviv Report (Perelman, 4:30) on the above conference

makes special reference to concern felt in Israel over the

:potentially damaging effect of the fact that a large per-

centage of emigrating Soviet Jews do not settle in Israe);

this could lead the USSR to conclude there was laa,-.9specia11y

national Jewish element in such emigration and lead to

demands by other nationalities for equal treatment. It

also felt that more should be done in Israel to help Soviet

Jewish immigrants to integrate.

2

4. A Brussels Report (Henkin, 7) on the conference focuses on a press conference given immediately after the former conference by Vadim Kozheviii:.cov of the Soviet Novosti Press Agency in which the US congress’s representative at the conference, Senator Church, was a particular subject of attack. The script sees this as a Soviet warning to the USA that it expects an attitude of benevolent neutrality towards the Soviet policy regarding Israel, the Middle East and Soviet Jews.

4a, Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 150 (Gordin, Roitman, Mikhaels-Vovsi:- 29:10, also contains a report on the 2nd world Jewish conference in brussels in. defense of Soviet Jews (quoting Silva Zalmanson’s remark that the aim of the conference was to show the Soviet authorities that there were no special Jewish rights only human rights), together with a further excerpt from Natalya Mikhoels-Vovsi’s book My Father Mikhoels, and a note on Vilnyus, the "Lithuanian Jerusalem."

5. World Abroad No. 16 (Steckermeier, S. Vardy, Storozhenko: M, NY, 29:10) contains items on possible additional purchases of US grain by the USSR; and a deadlock in negotiations on the sale of Soviet oil to the USA (American Panorama: Storozhenko, NY, 8:45).

6. Daily Life No. 21 (Glasenapp: M, 4:30) notes that while the Soviet Central Statistical Board’s report on the fulfillment of last year’s plan assignments look better than could have been expected, such statistics are frequently embellished by such devices as using more expensive production materials, the figures are based on plan assignments reduced from the original level, and the lowest figures relate to items connected with the standard of living,

7. The Role of Economic Manages No. 12 (Kazantsev: NY, 9) points to the vital/tie-or the CPSU CC Plenum in the Soviet power structure.

. _ 8. ’In Kuznetsov Talk No. 133 (Anatoliy Kuznetsov: L, 13:30), writer Anatoliy Kuznetsov says while the theory, expressed in a new book published in Britain under the title November 22, that the assassin of President Kennedy was not the Lee Harvey Oswald who went to the USSR in October 1959 but a "double," cannot be dismissed out of hand, Oswald subsequently expressed his bitter disillusionment with the USSR and in this sense was indeed a "changed man."

9. In a Special Feature (Vishnevskaya: M, 11) Yuliya Vishnevskaya takes issue with Literaturnaya Gazeta articles of February 4 and 11 and a Krasnaya Zvezda article of February 12 entitled, respectively, "Meanness," "Obvious Confusion" and "Where Were the Protectors’?" which give a distorted account of the activities of Russian emigre acquaintances of the script author, in particular the circumstances surrounding th3 suicide of Yelena Stroyeva.

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10. Letters and Documents No. 1140 (Burstein: M, 28:20)

presents the third installment of the New York-based Chronicle

for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR consisting of

material in defense of Paruyr Ayrikyan and the right of

prisoners to profess religious beliefs, and brief news items

on the Soviet dissident scene.

11. A Special Feature (Maltsev� Litvinov: M, 11:20) reviews

Italian movie director Alberto Lattuada’s screening of Mikhail

Bulgakov’s story The Heart of a Dog. According to the script,

Lattuada completely distorts Bulgakov’s intention.

12. In Betaki on Poetry (Vasiliy Betaki: M, 8:30), poet

411, Vasiliy Betaki discusses the lyrical poetry of Alla Akhundova.

13. Other Shore No. 578 (Lovetskaya: M, 22:15) presents the

71st installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The


B. GROSS REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. A Bonn Report (Krassowsky, 4) on the 276 to 191 vote in the Bundestag in favor of the FRG-Poland agreement notes

the opposition’s doubt as to whether the Poles would honor

their side of the agreement and the government’s warning of

the consequences for the normalization of the FRG’s rela-

tions with Poland and other East European countries of

failure of the Bundesrat to ratify the treaty.

2. A Paris Report (Ryser, 4:30) discusses French Premier

Chirac’s recent TV appearance in a question-and-answer

�programssaying that it constituted a determined attack

against the socialist-communist alliance in the wake of the

22nd congress of the French CP which somewhat increased the party’s

voter popularity. Chirac said the CP’s policy remained the

same, despite certain. changes in tactics, and accused Mitter-

rand of irresponsibility in that the leftist alliance would

�be incapable of running the country.-

3. A Backgrounder (Bensi: M, 6:20) pegged to reports on the

dangerous condition of Yugoslav dissident Mihajlov,conducting

a hunger strikein a, Yugoslav prison where he is serving a

seven-year sentence for allegedly defaming the Yugoslav social

and political order, notes the flimsy nature of the charges

levelled against him, the support for Mihajlov’s views ex-

pressed by Milovan Djilas, and the feeling of many observers

that the severity of Mihajlov’s sentence reflects the Yugoslav

authorities’ desire to show the USSR that in Yugoslavia

anti-Soviet elements are punished just as severely as pro-

Soviet.

4. A Backgrounder (Matusevich: M, 4) gives an abridged trans-lation of an article by a correspondent of the Swedish news-

paper Expressen noting the complete silence of Cuban media

on the involvement of Cuban troops in the Angolan conflict

and the division which it has created within the population.


1. The second part of the Press Review (Rahr, Perouansky:

M, 7:45) is devoted to Africa. The British Guardian points

to the discrepancy between French President Giscard d’Estaing’s

call for a coordinated EEC policy and France’s unilateral

recognition of the MPLA government in Angola. The London

Times feels Britain and other EEC countries should be in no

hurry to recognize the Neto government as long as Zambia

refrains. Time magazine notes the blow to US prestige among

African leaders as a result of her abruptly cutting off support

to moderate elements in Angola, saysthe main threat for many

African countries comes from interference by neighbors receiving

Soviet economic aid and arms.

2. World Abroad No. 16 (Steckermeier, S. Vardy, Storozhenko:

M, NY, 29:10) contains items on: unemployment in Spain (Europe

Today No, 519: Steckermeier, S. Vardy, M, 13:45); black

Americans as volunteer medical personnel in Angola; Angela

Davis invited to teach Marxism at Stanford University; and

protests against Concorde flights over US territory (American

Panorama No. 111: Storozhenko, NY, 8:45).

3. United Nations Report No. 601 (Bykowsky, 2:45) gives a por-

trait of the designated new US chief delegate to the UN, William

Scranton, pointing to the present significance of his 1968

appeal for a more even-handed US Middle East policy.

it. A London Report (Chuguyev, 4:10) notes the cool Foreign

Office reaction to Iceland’s decision to sever diplomatic

relations with Britain. In the British _Rress, the Icelandic

government’s tough policy, is attributed to internal difficulties.

The British and Icelandic standpoints are outlined. Reference

is also made to the fact that it would be -in Iceland’s interest

not to antagonize countries to which she will be exporting her

fish’in the future, and to the possibility of Iceland’s leaving

NATO.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST

COUNTRIES:

1. World Abroad No. 16 (Steckermeier, S. Vardy, Storozhenko: M, NY, 29:10) contains the first part of a report on this year’s

Nuremberg Toy Fair.

2. The Role of Philosophy in the Modern World No. 8 (Moiseyev:

L, 13:30) discusser the interrelationship between philosophy, ethics

and-history in the thinking of various philosophers and

ideologists.

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NEWS COVERAGE

Belgian Defense Minister accuses USSR of arms buildup.

MPLA denies UNITA victory.

Azevedo escapes assassination attempt.

Bolivian police occupy La Paz University.

Amin denies war plans.

US Nobel winner urges Western scientists to stop cooperating with the Soviet Union.

US and Russian scientists to cooperate in measuring

Space waves.

Kissinger warns US will resist future foreign military adventures by Cuba.

Areilza says Spain’s reforms should create favorable atmosphere for EEC membership.

Riad arrives in Algeria, meets Boumedienne.

Cyprus talks continue in Vienna today.

British public expenditure cuts criticized by left-wing parliamentarians and opposition.

Ford voices opposition to inclusion of communists in West European governments.

Portuguese Premier dismisses assassination attempt.

US expects Soviet answer to SALT proposals in 3 weeks.

Icelandic and British officials to meet in Reykjavik.

Arab League Seeretary-General in Algiers.

Peron refuses resignation offer of cabinet.

US Students demonstrate against Soviet acrObats.

Ford warns on Communists in Italian government, says US navy should be modernized.

Chirac warns liberalization in French CF only tactical maneuver.

NIPLA outlaws rival organizations.

Rhodesian Premier prepared to accept British radiation in reaching settlement.

Allon says Israel ready to talk with any Palestinian group that will recognize Israel.

Thailand to operate remaining US equipment after US forces are pulled out.

Polish Foreign Minister ends official part of visit to France.

Spanish CP member arrested.

Khaddam on efforts to form new Lebanese government.

Schmidt confident Bundesrat will approve West German-Polish agreements.

British statement on break in relations with Iceland.

Soviet Central Committee plenary meeting held.

Soares rules out coalition with Portuguese CP.

FRG denies Soviet allegations that two of its embassy

officials are spies.

Novosti, PLO attack brussels conference.

Egyptian troops advance to middle sector of Sinai.

Belgium recognizes MPLA.

Kaunda says Soviet Union involved in anti-government demonstrations in Zambia.

Berlinguer criticizes US interference in Italian internal affairs.

Rene Cassin dies.

Ford on Angola, Cyprus.

Progress reported at Cyprus talks in Vienna.

UN special representative to go to Mideast soon.

USSR reportedly to stop repairing Egyptian MIG-21’s.

Portuguese Revolutionary Council reportedly reaches decision on recognition of MPLA.

Spanish cabinet meets.

Nixon leaves for Peking.

Gierek calls for better church-state relations.

Three recent Soviet emigres meet with Soviet officials in Brussels. .

Gomes calls special government meeting.

Spanish ’Cabinet approves measures aimed at granting Catalonia limited autonomy.

Kissinger continues talks in Brazil.

Rabin on Mideast situation.

NATO offibial On break in relations between Iceland and UK.

More posters appear in China criticizing Teng.

Callaghan on situation in Rhodesia.

F-e 74 0 ct


Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No.44 for 21 and 22 February 1976 D. Felton



O 1. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 103 (Belotserkovsky, Tenson, Antic: M, 20) of February 21 contains items on: the state of the USSR on the eve of the 25th CPSU Congress, characterized by agricultural and industrial stagnation, huge foreign debts, failure to crush the human rights move-ment, and growing condemnation in the West, including by West European CP’s, of violation3of human rights in the USSR; a review of a book by Soviet Deputy Foreign Trade Minister Nikolay Smelyakov entitled Where the Motherland Begins in which he compares the Soviet with the US, West European and Japanese systems of industrial production and among other things criticizes the "quantity fetish" in the USSR; an article in the 11th issue of Voprosy filosofii for 1975 by Director of the USSR Academy of Sciences’ Sociological Re-search Institute M. Rutkevich on the need to "get rid of" ministers of religion as "relics of the past"; the text of a letter to Patriarch Pimen by Father Dudko; and a February 1 Pravda feuilleton on the theft of sound recordings by state archive officials, which the script compares with official

411 Soviet suppression of the best of Soviet literature and, for example, the expurgation from Marchaisl recent speech of passages critical of the USSR.

2. This week’s Panorama (Chuguyev, Rahr, Salkazanova, Krassowsky: L, M, P, 20) gives the substafice of an Edonomist article pointing to the dangerous economic stagnation in the .USSR on the eve of the 25th CPSU Congress which will probably force the leadership to embark on the necessary reforms.

3. Economists on the Soviet EconomirTNo. 70 (ahianurov: M, 9) gives the contents of an article by British. economist Alec Move in which he points to the inefficiency of the Soviet agricultural system.

4. A Special Feature (Henkin: M, 20) .on the world Jewish conference in defense of Soviet Jews notes the massive Soviet propaganda campaign against the conference as violating the spirit of detente, etc., referring to, quoting from and excerpting speeches by US Senator Church, Aleksandr Voronel,

dm.

Silva Zalmanson, former Potma prison camp inmate Viktor Bosuslavsky, Berta Rashkovskaya and Simon Wiesenthal. Also referred to is the press conference given after the main conference by the Soviet Novosti Press Agency at which Soviet delegates Kozhevnikov and Mikhaylovich particularly attacked Senator Church, evidently in an attempt to influence the US Presidential campaign.

5. A Special Feature (Shidlovsky, Bek: New York Report No. 4958, 10:30) reviews the section of US journalist John Barron’s book KGB dealing with the KGB’s foreign activities.

6. In Journalist’s Notebook No. 93 (Skorbina: M, 9), a former Soviet woman journalist discusses a recent Komsomolskaya Pravda article entitled "False Rumors" in which the author, corres-pondent Gromova, displays a superficial and unfeeling attitude towards the case of a young man killed by three hooligans whose fathers were local dignitaries.

7. A Special Feature (Artamonov: M, 10), the first in a series entitled Children’s Literature, points to the highly questionable attempts by Soviet children’s literature to depict Young Pioneers as somehow better than normal children.

8. Awakening No. 24 (Petrovsky: M, 9) pays tribute to the pastoral work of Father Dudko, a collection of whose talks has just been issued by YMCA Press in Paris under the title Our Hope.

9, Russia Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow Nr. 642 (Koryakov: NY, 13:30) excerpts speeches delivered at a March 1956 party meeting of the USSR Writers Union in Moscow by Nadezhda Chertova, - Aleksandr Avdeyenko, Pavel Blyakhin, Yelizar Maltsev and Oleg Pisarzhevsky following Khrushchevis speech at the 20th CPSU Congress debunking Stalinism.

10. ’Cultural News Briefs No. 28 (Litvinov: M, 5) contains an item on an essay In last December’s issue ef Novy mir,entitled. "I Could on Pushkin’s participation in the Decembrist movement.

11. Other Shore No. 579 (Lovetskaya: M, 23:10) presents the 72nd installment of. Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on,The Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

12. In’Sound of Strings Nr. 415 (Mitina: M, 6:30), Vladimir Vysotsky sings the song "Save Our Souls."

13. World of Books No. 202 (Roitman: M, 8) of February 22 reviews US journalist Hedrick Smith’s book The Russians.

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14. In Topic of Discussion No. 212 (Rudolf: M, 18:101 Soviet film producer Mikhail Suslov, who made 9 full-length and 20 TV films, talks about his life and work in the USSR and the Soviet cinema in general.

15. In Signal No. 363 (Matusevich: M, 10:30) writer Viktor Nekrasov tells the story of how a film version of his book In the Trenches of Stalingrad called Soldiers was finally banned upon objections by the Soviet military leadership, in particular on the grounds that it depicted Soviet soldiers retreating and drinking vodka. The film was eventually dis-creetly released in 1968.

16, A Special Feature (Zavalishin: NY, 9:43) reports on a New York exhibition of book illustrations by Russian avant-garde artists of the early twentieth century.

17. In Theater Horizons No, 80 (Ye Igoshina: P, 8:30), theater critic Yelizaveta Igoshina analyzes Leonid Leonov’s play The Snowstorm, describing it as the only Soviet play recreating the atmosphere of terror in the USSR in the thirties, and the only honest play Leonov ever wrote.

18. The Ideological State of Soviet Society No. 17 (Agursky: Ms 8:30) describes the persecution of the Uniate Church in the USSR after World War II, whose members were in 1946 forcibly incorporated in the Russian Orthodox Church. Ref-erence is made to religious opposition now being shown by the Lithuanian Catholic Church and a possible intensification of the movement in the Western Ukraine for a return to the Uniate Church,

19, Fifty Years Ago This Week No. 84 (Hendler: NY, 13:30) recalls the appearance in February 26 of the first volume of the first edition of the Large Soviet Encyclopedia. Its materialistic, Marxist orientation is illustrated by quotes from entries on Alesha Popovich� Alexander Nevsky, Hans-Christian Andersen, Russian-Turkish relations during the reign of Tsar Nicholas I and American aid to the USSR during the famine years of 1921-22, and discrepancies pointed out between entries in the first and later editions.

20. Letters and Documents No. 1141.(Burstein: Ms 28:40) presents the 4th installment of the 18th issue of the New York-based Chronicle of Human Rights in the USSR, consisting of a biographical note on Sakharov by editorial board member Edward Kline, and excerpts from Sakharov’s Nobel Prize address on "Peace, Progress and Human Rights."

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21. In Camp Topics No. 13 (Levitin-Krasnov: M, 6), Russian church writer Anatoliy Levitin-Krasnov recalls meetings with two Volga Germans during the war who had suffered persecution and imprisonment, and with a director who told him how he had received an award for completing a con-struction project with Crimean Tatar slave labor, and a scene just after the war in which a prisoner working on a construction project was beaten up when his wife rushed up and thrust a roll into his hand.

22. In Witnesses of the Events of 1917 No. 3 (Rudin: M, 13:30), Professor Sergey Viktorovich Grotov, then a student at the Imperial College of Jurisprudence in St. Petersburg and then .in the Corps of Pages, gives an eyewitness account of the events preceding and during the February 1917 revolution in Russia.

23.. Other Shore No. 580 (Kunta: M, 22) presents the 73rd installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The Communist Party of the Soviet Union.


1. Round’ Table Discussion No. 195 (Perouansky,- Shilayev, Krassowsky, Rahr:,772-6)�cif February 21 is devoted to the power struggle in Mina.

2. World Last Week No. 288 (Hendler, Bykowsky, Ryser: NY, Paris, 20) contains a note on a Chinese UN press release warning West European countries of a growing Soviet threat.

3. This week’s Panorama (Chuguyev�.Rahr, Salkazanova, Krassowsky: L, MI Ps 20) gives the substance of an article by Time magazine’s chief correspondent in Europe on the con-troversy in Poland on amendments to the constitution. which � ended in compromise references to the party being a "political force guiding the construction of socialism." The article quotes a Western diplomat in Warsaw as saying that this was the first time something approaching democacy had been seen in Eastern Europe.

4. World Last Week No. 288 (Hendler, Bykowsky, Ryser: NY, Paris, 20) contains an item on French Premier Chirac’s TV appearance in which he asserted that the French CP had not changed its basic political line, and accused Mitterrand of irresponsibility in entering into a coalition with the communists which would be unable to rule the country.

5. Panorama refers to a report in the Paris journal Express on the situation in South Vietnam which points in particular to North Vietnamese domination, the lack of democracy, and restrictions placed on foreign correspondents.

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6. In Naum Korzhavin (Korzhavin: NY, 10), poet Naum Korzhavin points to three items in the 4th issue of the quarterly Kontinent which illustrate how individuals in both communist and Western countries willingly or unwillingly accommodate themselves to communist falsehoods, namely excerpts from Iosif Bogoraz’s story The Brood-Hen, the memoirs of Cardinal Mindszenty, and Nicholas Bethell’s book The Last Secret.

7. In Maksimov Talk No. 49 (Maksimov: P, 9), writer Vladimir Maksimov describes a meeting of representatives of the German, Russian and Czech peoples, in which he participated which took place on the Bavarian-Czech border. Other participants in-eluded responsible secretary of the journal Kontinent Yevgeniy Ternovsky, Ludek Pachman and Otto Filip. According to Maksimov, it was the first meeting at which a concrete program was worked out for future relations between these peoples.

8. Cultural News Briefs No. 28 (Litvinov: M, 5) contains an item on the Chicago premiere of Polish composer Krzysgtof Penderecki’s new opera Last Paradise.


1. World Last Week No. 288 (Hendler� Bykowsky, Ryser: NY, Paris, 20) of February 21 contains an item on Kissinger’s visit to South America, focusing on his signing of a US-Brazilian agreement on economic and political cooperation and consultation, his recognition of Brazil as a future great power, and his warnings on the Cuban intervention in Angola.

� 2. World Last Week No. 288 (Hendler, Bykowsky, Ryser: NY, Paris, 20) contains an item on Waldheim’s rejection of a South African request to the UN to take -under its patronage Angolan refugee camps in the frontier strip along the Namibian border.

3. Human Rights No. 122 (Fedoseyev: M, 9) of February 22 gives a portrait of French jurist and human rights activist Rene Cassin, cofounder of UNESCO and 1968 Nobel Peace Prize Winner who died February 20 in Paris aged 89. The script authors personal recollections of Cassin are used.


1. Panorama (Chuguyev, Rahr� Salkazanova� Krassowsky: L, M, P0 20) of February 21 highlights a Spiegel article on stress as the "sickness of the century."

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2. Cultural News Briefs No. 28 (Litvinov: M, 5) contains Items on the return of Salvador de Madariaga to Spain, and an exhibition in Nice’s National Museum of lithographs by Marc Chagall on motifs from Shakespeare’s Tempest.

3. In Sunday Talk No. 984 (Shmeman: NY, 9), Father Alexander talks about the irrational nature of evil, which he says springs from self-centeredness.

4. A brief Note (Litvinov: M, 1:30) of February 22 is given on the death of opera singer and actress Lily Pons.

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NEWS COVERAGE

February 21, 1976

International economic conference ends.

Moroccan Premier confers with Kosygin.

Cunhal arrives in Sofia, meets with Zhivkov.

US will not allow TU-144 flights.

Sadat says military arsenal holds its own despite absence of new Soviet arms supplies.

Poland’s bishopssay government met some of their

110 objections to constitutional amendments.

US PEN Club appeals to Tito on behalf of Mihajlov.

Waldheim sees chance of progress in Cyprus talks.

Sadat accuses USSR of playing Arab countries against each other.

Kissinger replies to Waldheim’s letter on Middle East.

Argentinian elections set for December 12.

Nyerere and Kaunda meet in Zambia.

Yugoslav lawyer to go on trial March 1.

Amalrik detained and transported out of Moscow, ’asks Dutch government for help, then reported missing by wife.

Further Israeli withdrawal in Sinai.

� Jordan rejects talks with Israel on future of West Bank.

Communique on Cyprus talks.

� Rumania favors Comecon-EEC agreeanent.

Solzhenitsyn awarded Freedom Foundation medal.

Nixon arrives in China, welcomed by Acting Premier.

Portuguese Popular Democrats refuse to recognize MPLA.

UNITA says MPLA has jailed former MPLA leader who protested against Soviet role in country.

Shootings reported in Beirut; Lebanese cabinet meets.

Sadat arrives in Saudi Arabia on 5-day visit.

Rhodesian, Mozambique border forces exchange fire.

US Secretary of the Navy warns of growing Soviet � presence in Africa and Mediterranean.

Polish Foreign Minister ends visit to France.

Bomb blast in London department store injures two.

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US ready for Mideast talks with Moscow.

MPLA turns over two captured US pilots to Red Cross.

US-Brazilian agreement signed, Kissinger’s statement.

Spanish Foreign Minister says totalitarian political parties to be banned in Spain.

Soviets win three gold medals at Munich track and field event.

LiUnita criticizes Ford.

Castro leaves for Moscow..

USSR refused permission to lay wreaths at graves of Soviet soldiers in China.

Campaign against Teng continues in China.

ASEAN Foreign Ministers to meet tomorrow in Indonesia.

’February 22, 1976

Moro gets vote of confidence from parliament.

Catalonian opposition dissatisfied with partial autonomy.

China accuses USSR and Cuba of massacres in Angola.

African leader welcomes British participation in Rhodesian talks. �

Assad confers with Arafat.

French PEN Club calls for amnesty for Bukovsky.

Portugal recognizes Angolan government. �

Israeli patrol fired on across Lebanese border.

Saudi Arabia said to be offering Egypt one billion dollars In aid; Sadat begins talks with Khaled.

ASEAN Foreign Ministers meet on Bali.

Thai-Cambodian clash at sea, two vessels sunk.

Assad receives Soviet Ambassador.

Bomb explodes at Algerian tourism office in Paris.

British NATO envoy warns of consequences of Angola.

Sinai disengagement completed.

MLA moves to oust many foreign correspondents.

Syrian Foreign Minister returns to Beirut, meets with Lebanese leaders.

Two more Georgian ministers lose posts.

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Amalrik released.

Haig says NATO’s southern flank must be strengthened.

Juan Carlos returns to Madrid.

Soviets pick up another gold medal at Munich track and field events.

Nixon, Chinese Acting Premier speak at banquet in Peking.

Angolan refugees to be airlifted to Portugal.

CP delegations arrive in Moscow for 25th Party Congress.

East German border guards prevent escape attempt.

IIM Riad arrives in Morocco.

TANJUG claims 700 Angolans massacred by retreating UNITA0 FNIA forces.

Results of Munich track and field events.

Israeli cabinet gives go-ahead for proposed US peace initiative in Mideast.

Kissinger in Colombia.

PPD leader criticizes Portuguese decision to regocnize MPLA.

ASEAN heads of state meet tomorrow.

International medical congress in Innsbruck condemns � Soviet political abuse of psychiatry.

Dissidents reportedly leaving Moscow to avoid KGB harassment during party congress.


Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 45 for 25 February 1976 D. Felton .


� A. USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL:

1. ,The first part of the Press Review (Mirsky: M, 6:20) is ,devoted to the 25th CPSU Congress. In an article entitled. ,"Sability at Any Price," the first in a series on the

411 congress, the Moscow correspondent of. Le Monde, Jacques Amalric., notes general agreement that the congress will bring no major surprise, observes that the Soviet leader-shily, has been backpedalling on the question of a. new ConsPitution, says Brezhnev has managed to introduce a relatively collegial form of government.. According to Josef Riedmiller, formerly Moscow correspondent of the Sueddeutsche Zeltung, Brezhnev’s power has been gradually declining since-Jipril 1973, when Gromyko, Andropov and Grechko entered the Politburo; however, the average age. .of the Politburo is excessively high, and when Brezhnev goes a new generation will take over.. Riedmiller also notes Brezhnev’s failure to solve the Soviet food problem and normalize relations with China. The New York Times, in contrast to Jacques Amalric, teels. the Congress- may . produce some surprises - just as the 20th and 21st did --owing to the dormant tensions in Soviet society.

2. New York Report No. 4972 (L. Dudin, 5:10) says the 0 US public expects no surprises from the 25th_CPSU Congress. Most observers feel Brezhnev is still firmly in the saddle, although changes are expected in. the Politburo simply on ’ account of the advanced age of its members. While the policy of detente with the USA will be continued, the question of relations with China may be reexamined.

3. A Paris Report (Salkazanova, 5:20) notes the negative reaction of French public opinion to French Premier Chirac’s statement in Saint Tropez that he wished Leonid Plyushch would excercize greater restraint in his political statements on the USSR. Chirac was criticized among others by the Human Rights League and Eugene Ionesco, although political observers see Chirac’s request merely as an attempt to shake off unofficial protests by the Soviet Embassy.

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4. Military Detente No. 4 (Lavrov: NY, 13:30) gives back-ground information on the SALT deadlock due to the differences on the status of the new Soviet long-range bomber and the US cruise missile, focusing on Kissinger ’s January visit to Moscow, and the US proposal and Soviet counter-proposal to which President Ford has promised to reply in the near future.

5. New York Report No. 4968 (Gratzky, 4:10) notes the stagnation of present W�Soviet talks on US purchases of Soviet oil since, despite the unofficial link with Soviet purchases of US grain, the USSR refuses to sell oil at slightly less than OPEC prices as insisted on by the USA. However, there is opposition to the talks in the USA itself, among other things on the grounds that the projected imports are negligible and in any case would be at variance with the USA’s energy self-sufficiency policy.

6. Man on the Earth No. 76 (Lobas: NY, 13:30) points, to a major reason for the discrepancy between the high level of fertilizer production in the USSR and the low level of agricultural production, namely the fact that vast quantities of fertilizer are left stored in the open and never reach the fields.

7. A Special Feature (Krassowsky, 15) on the annual meeting of the West German Human Rights Society held on February 21 In Frankfurt/Main given excerpts from the report by Society .chairman Cornelia Gerstenmaier on the Society’s functions and 1975 activities, the text of a welcome message from Natalya Solzhenitsyna, and statements made at a subsequent press conference by Natalya Gorbanevskaya, Vladimir Maramzin and Vadim Delon on the difficulties they experienced, in particular in finding employment, after having fallen foul of the authorities. Reference is also made to the harassment of Andrey Amalrik,’and skepticism on the effect of Helsinki and the 25th CPSU Congress on human rights in the USSR.

O. Books, Journals and Ideas No. 55 (Petrovskaya: NY, 9) reviews the book Preserve for Posterity (Khranit vechrio) by Lev Kozelev, who spent various terms of imprisonment in Soviet prisons and concentration camps on various groundless charges, and tells how he became spiritually liberated when he realized he had nothing in common with denouncers and other "true sons of the party."

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9.. In Art Under Totalitarianism No. 7 (Golomshtok:. M, 8:14), art eXpert Igor Golomshtok points to the inevitable clash between totalitarian regimes and modern art as illus-trated by Nazi Germany and the USSR.

10. Cinema and Life No. 34 (Gabay: NY, 8:34) discusses Viktor Rozov’s plays Good Luck! and In Search of Happiness as the first post-Stalin plays to give an honest portrayal of Soviet reality.

11. In We Abroad Fo. 19 (Rozanova, Yu. Vishnevskaya, Nekrasov: P, 13:30)1 Rozanova and Writer Viktor Nekrasov note that in February 1966 Andrey Sinyavsky and Yuliy Daniel, together with witnesses Viktor Duvakin and Igor Golatishtok, set a precedent by standing up to a Soviet court.


13. Radio Seminar No. 343 (Koryakov: NY, 13:30) looks at the influence on French philosophy of Russian philosopher Lev Shestov during his stay in France from 1920 to his death in 1938. There is a resurgence of interest in the USSR in Shestovi evidenced by a positive article in Voprosv literatury last October, for example.

14. Cultural News Briefs No. 29 (Henkina: M, 5) contains an item on a TASS report that Leningrad linguist Khorozov has deciphered the Maya language; this report has been greeted with disbelief by Mexican experts.

15. A Special Feature (Yu. Panich, Galich, Ye. Igoshina: M, 22) includes a song by Alexander Galich called "The Sloggers" .dedicated to the 25th congress, and an excerpt from an article by Viktor Nekrasov published in Russkaya4 mysl in which he describes the contents of an imaginary issue of Pravda in the year 2001.


1. A London Report (Vladimirov, 5) contrasts the flood of "pleasant announcements" on the eve of the 25th CPSU Congress with grim Soviet reality, and points to criticism by West European communists such as Georges Marchais, Enrico Berlinguer and John Gollan of the treatment of dissidents in the USSR.

2. A Paris Report (Ryser, 5:30) puts French CP Secretary General Georges Marchais’ decision not to appear at the 25th CPSU Congress in the context of differences, genuine or otherwise, between the CPSU and the French CP, which aims to convince French voters of its independence from the CPSU. While the French CP is showing relatively little interest in the CPSU Congress, this is not the case with the French non-communist press, which points to the USSR’s economic aid military strength, the advanced age of its leaders, etc.

3. The second part of the Press Review (Mirsky: M, 6:20) is devoted to the situation in China. The Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung attributes the warm welcome given by the Chinese to ex-President Nixon to the fact that the thaw in US-Chinese relations has come to an end. The British Economist points to the tremendous speed with which the present propaganda campaign has spread in China compared with the "cultural revolution," noting that its target, Teng Hsiao-ping, was selected immediately, making it clear that the campaign is being carefully conducted from above. The Washington Post asks whether the campaign is aimed at removing Teng from the political scene completely .or whether his enemies will be satisfied with a public statement of repentance.

4. A Special Feature (Yu. Panich, Galich, Yelizaveta, Igoshina: M, 22) surveys developments on the Soviet art and literature scene between the 24th and 25th CPSU Congresses, noting the USSR’s attempts to consolidate its hold on Eastern Europe by the establishment of a common "socialist-realist" culture.

5. New York Report No. 4969 (Shilaeff, 4:10) notes North Vietnam’s aspirations to head a kind of Indochinese Federation, her principle target being Thailand. This was demonstrated recently by North Vietnamese party leader Le Duan in speeches delivered in Hanoi before a Laotian delegation. Peking has already warned against Hanoi’s backing. Indonesian Foreign Minister Malik warned ASEAN countries that close ties with the CPR were no guarantee of immunity against communism.

6. A Special Feature (Finkelstein: L, 14:41) discupses an

article by former General Secretary of the British CP

John Gollan in the party’s theoretical journal Marxism

Today in which he discusses Khrushchev’s de-Stalinization

campaign, saying that the crimes committed by Stalin could

in no way be justified, and speaking of a general forward

movement in the USSR since the 20th CPSU Congress which,

however, had been uneven and erratic as a result of certain

contradictions and clashes of interest in socialist society.

7. Cultural News Briefs No. 29 (Henkina: M, 5) contains an item on reports by Western correspondents in Peking on secret preparations in China for a transition to the

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1. New York Report No. 4970 (Gratzky, 4:50) gives the Democratic and Republican line-ups for the upcoming presidential primaries in New Hampshire, pointing to Ronald Reagan as President Ford’s most serious rival.

2. A Tel-Aviv Report (Perelman, 4:30) on the resignation of the Secretary General of the Israeli ruling party Avod, Meir Zarmi, despite desperate efforts by his party comrades, especially Prime Minister Rabin, to persuade him to remain, notes that many observers feel that the reason he gave for this step, namely the party’s financial difficultiestmay merely be an excuse, since he described these difficulties as symptomatic of a sickness on which he did not care to elaborate.


1. Cultural News Briefs No. 29 (Henkina: M, 5) contain d an item on the foundation of an international culture fund by the Paris branch of UNESCO.

2. World of Sport No. 260 (Menchukov: M, 4:30) discusses the results of the recent European indoor athletics championships in Munich.

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NEWS COVERAGE.

FEBRUARY 23, 1976

Angola today participates in OAU meeting.

Gulf Oil allowed to resume business with Angola.

Three more members of abortive coup executed in Sudan.

Syrian leader attacks Egypt.

Kissinger talks with Colombian President.

Clerides reports progress in Cyprus talks.

Prominent Spanish communist fined.

Khaddam again meets with Lebanese leaders.

Juan Carlos ends visit to Catalonia.

Nixon received by Mao.

Italian Senate debates government’s program.

Foreign delegations arrive in MosOow for Congress.

ASEAN summit opens on Bali.

Nixon received by Mao.

US to sell Morocco fighter aircraft.

West Berlin mayor scores East European boycott of skating championships in city.

More generals appointed in GDR.

US PEN Club appeals to Tito on behalf of Mihajlov.

Terrorists seize Canadian Embassy in Beirut.

Egyptian early warning post in Sinai operating.

Clash at socialist rally in Southern Portugal.

Japanese CP declines invitation to Moscow Congress.

Solzhenitsyn’s wife’s message to West German human rights meeting.

Ballerina Makarova marries American.

Waldheim meets with Spanish Foreign Minister in Zurich.

Laos breaks off diplomatic relations with Israel.

Malaysian Premier says ASEAN should not turn into military vganization.

Indian court rules against censorship.

Sadat-Khaled talks continue.

Hassan meets with Riad in Rabat.

Nixon continues talks with Hua.

Soviet Army celebration in Peking.

South Africa to begin evacuation of Angolan refugees.

Terrorists who seized hostages in Canadian Embassy in Beirut release eight women.

Alexander Lerner calls on US scientists to boycott Soviet organizations that harass Jews.

Polish paper on West German-Polish agreement.

China says there are over 90,000 KGB agents in the world.

FNIA to go underground to continue fight against MPLA.

Portuguese army commander says military will intervene to prevent attempts to disrupt election rallies.

Five Soviet dissidents issue amnesty appeal for Soviet political prisoners.

Non-conformist painters call on Soviet Party Congress to grant them official recognition.

West German Ambassador to USSR rejects Soviet charges that two West German Embassy officials are spies.

OAU Foreign Ministers conference opens.

US not to recognize MPLA government while Cubans are in Angola.

EEC declaration on situation in Angola calls for end to foreign interference.

Terrorittt arrested, hostages released as siege of Canadian Embassy ends in Beirut.

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FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN RLVRL ONLY

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 46 for 24 February 1976 D. Felton

(A summary of the news coverage by the .Russian Service .appears at the end of the DBA.)

A. USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL*:

1. An Analysis, of the 25th CPSU Congress (Henkin: M, 4:30 --updated version 7:40) noted Brezhnev is reference to Soviet foreign policy being the "practical implementation of the ideas, of the great Lenin," to his declaration of support of "progressive forces" .in. Angola and other peoples "fighting for their freedom," to his attacks against - Western media and the Chinese leadership, to his inclusion of Yugoslav14 among "brotherly socialist states," to his. silence on difficulties with West European CP’s, and to the exceptionally warm ovation ’ given to Cunhal and Castro.

2. The first part of the Press Review (Salkazanova, Bensi, Krassowsky: P, M, Bonn: 7:20) is devoted to French, Italian, and West German press reaction to the 25th CPSU Congress. Quotidien de Paris says the Congress will be clouded by the names of Plyushch, Sakharov and Solzhenitsyn, the worsened relations between the CPSU and Western communist parties, the conflict with China and, most of all, the failure of the bureaucratic Soviet system to satisfy the needs of the population, which is coming to realize that this is mainly due to military spending. Le Figaro also lists the economic and domestic setbacks suffered by the USSR in recent years, and as far as Brezhnev himself is concerned, says democratization of the USSR can hardly be expected from a man belonging to thern spiritual generation of Khrushchev, Malenkov, Stalin and Lenin. The Roman newspaper Tempo observes that the USSR on the eve of the 25th CPSU Congress has a record of successes in foreign policy and stagnation in domestic policy, the 1965 Kosygin reform and the plans for a new constitution having petered out. Tempo also notes that the economic objectives for 1976-80 are vague or unrealistic, particularlythe plan to increase the average monthly wage to 170 rubles. The Stuttgarter ZeitunE says Western interest will be focused on how Brezhnev sees East-West relations in the immediate future. Die Welt describes the congress as a pre-programmed theatrical performance. The Sueddeutsche Zeitim feels a replacement of the top CPSU leadership is hardly to be expected.

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3. A London Report (Vladimirov, 5:10) excerpts an article

by Keith Waterhouse in The Daily Mirror which replies to attacks by"I. Aleksandrov"(i.e., the CPSU Politburo) against criticism of Soviet reality by Western CP’s by pointing to the persecution and imprisonment of political dissidents in the USSR. The article asks whether British CP General Secretary Gordon McLennan will raise this subject at the 25th CPSU Congress.

4. A London Report (Chuguyev, 5:40) is devoted to a meeting

held in London February 23 protesting against the abuse of psychiatry in the USSR for the suppression of dissidents. Telegrams were sent to Brezhnev and the 25th CPSU Congress demanding a stop to this practice and measures to save the life of Crimean Tatar activist Mustafa Dzhemilev. Reference is made (including voice clips) to speeches delivered by Lord Gardiner, Peter Reddaway, Viktor Faynberg, et. al.

5. Problems of Labor and Democracy No. 58 (Belotserkovsky:

M, 11) focuses on references by Georgian CF leader Shevarnadze at the party’s 25th Congress to the republic’s dismal economic performance even by all-Union standards, and to the negative effects of widespread "bourgeois" tendencies. The script attributes this situation to the ineffectiveness of , the Soviet economic system as a whole, which prevents Georgia from properly expiating its resources.

6. A Note (Litvinov: M, 2) is given on a lengthy article by Professor Karl Proffer in the New York Review which concludes that the work of Russian dissident writers is developing along the lines of Tolstoy’s realism, and that the quarterly Kontinent has become a forum for representa-tives of the third Russian emigration. Proffer also observes that copies of Kontinent are easily available on the black market in Moscow and Leningrad.

6a. In Portraits of My Contemporaries No. 9 (Kushev: M, 9), Soviet civil rights activist Yevgeniy Kushev continues his recollections of his dissident colleague Vladimir Bukovsky, focusing on his impressive showing at his and the script author’s trial in August-September 1967.

7. Basis for Hope No. 167 (R. Dudin: NY, 9) discusses the US tour by the Soviet ice hockey teams ZSKA Moscow and Krylya Sovetov, noting the US public’s admiration for the Soviet teamwork, the rough US play, the tight discipline imposed on the Soviet players, and the fact of the Soviet players’ competing at both the professional and amateur levels (in the Winter Olympics, for example).

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8. Sociology of Science No. 44 (A. Vardy: M, 9) presents a talk with Ukrainian publicist Aleksandr Vasilenko on the subordination of Ukrainian historiography to the party line particularly during the Stalin period.

9. Letters and Documents No. 1142 (Yefimov: M, 25:10) presents the first part of Anatoliy Marchenko’s essay From Tarusa to Chuna in which the author describes his arrest in May 1975 and subsequent banishment to Chuna in the Irkutsk Oblast.

10. In In the Ranks No. 44 (Shchetinsky: M, 9) a former Soviet soldier who served on -the Soviet-Chinese border from 1966 to 1969 describes how important his locker is to the Soviet soldier as the repository of his few personal possessions.


12. In Sound of Strings No. 413 (Mitina: M, 4:30) Yevgeniy Klyachkin sings the song A Russian’s Farewell to his Native Land.


1, The Present Through the Prison of the Past No. 35 Antonovich: M, 9) notes that so-called "Bernsteinism" Bernstein was a German social-democrat who advocated co-operation with the "bourgeoisie"), severely castigated by Lenin and the Bolsheviks, has virtually been revived by Georges Marchais. However, the fact that Marchais still calls for cooperation with the-CPSU in fighting. Imperialism gives grounds for suspicion.

2. New York Report No. 4975 (Shilaeff, 4:20) on ex-President Nixon’s visit to China notes that the non-appearance of such Chinese leaders as Teng Hsiao-ping. confirms the Chinese press reports of a split in CPC CC Politburo. � At the same time, Premier Hua lo-feng made his "international debut." The radicals were also absent. Foreign, especially US observers are divided on Peking’s motives for inviting Nixon. However, it indicates China’s continued interest in.developing relations with the ’USA.

3. ’Peking and its Policy No. 359 (Shilaeff: NY, 9, a .section of World. Abroad No. 17) recalls the -opposition in China by young intellectuals which appeard in the wake of the CPC’s "let one hundred flowers bloom" slogan. The movement, which declared that there was no genuine, democratic socialism in China, was quickly .crushed as "rightist."


1. The second part of the Press Review (Mirsky: M, 7:20) is devoted to Angola. The Neue Zuercher Zeitung observes that Although MPLA leaders say Soviet-style Marxism is not suited to Africanrequirements, and point to the clause in the Angolan constitution forbidding foreign military bases, the USSR will surely place a price on its assistance. The New York Times says the fact that Boeing and Gulf Oil have been given permission to establish business contacts with Luanda amounts to a turnaround in US Angola policy. The Austrian Presse writes that the continued influx of Soviet weapons and Cuban troops into Angola even’after the MPLA’s total victory indicates aggressive intentions towards Rhodesia and later South Africa. Le Monde feels that of all black African leaders Zambib.fs President Kenneth Kaunda has suffered most from developments in Angola, says that not only have his chances of coming to agreement with South Africa been reduced to a minimum but his political position in Zambia has sharply deteri-prated. The Sueddeutsche Zeitung carries a correspondent’s report on the evacuation of Angolan refugees to Portugal via Windhoek.

2. Washington Report NO. 653 (Savemark, 5:30) gives back-ground information on the New Hampshire primaries, where the contenders on the Republican side are President Ford and Ronald Reagan, and on the Democratic side Udall, Bayh, Harris, Carter and Shriver.

3. A Madrid Report (Tolstikov, 5) pegged to Spanish Foreign Minister Areilza’s statement on the Spanish re-form program made during a tour of EEC countries notes �the progress which has so far been made (freedom of political demonstrations and assembly, ’party-political activity, a draft bill on universal, direct and secret voting, a commission on democratic reforms, decrees aimed at. broader self-government in Catalonia, King Juan Carlost tour of Catalonia).

4, A Paris Report (Ryser, 4:20) focuses on the statement issued by the 9 EEC Foreign Ministers in Luxembourg on relations between the EEC and Africa which stressed Africa’s right to independence and Self-determination and rejected foreign interference in African affairs, particular reference being made to Angola.

5. Across the Ocean No. 1124 (Storozhenko: NY, 8:57, a section of World Abroad No. 17) outlines George ’Washington’s military career leading up to his appointment as the first. commanderof American forces. The show is pegged to Wash-ington’s birthday, February 22.

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NEWS COVERAGE

FEBRUARY 24, 1976

President Ford congratulates Valley Forge Foundation on award to Solzhenitsyn.

Hsinhua says there are over 1,000 concentration camps in USSR.

China reportedly developing new ICBM with range of 11,000 kilometers.

Chinese officials lay wreaths on graves of Soviet war dead.

Kissinger in Costa Rica.

EEC Commissioner Ortoli holds talks in US.

Seven ministers removed from Ethiopian government.

Mihajlo Mihajlov’s condition deteriorates as he continues hunger-strike.

CPSU Congress curtainraiser; appeals from dissidents and Leningrad artists.

Curtainraiser on New Hampshire primaries.

Denktash on results of Vienna talks.

Sadat says failure of Geneva conference could lead to new Mideast war; Egyptian press says government rejects Israeli proposal for non-belligerency pact.

Latest reports on developments in Angola.

Zaire restates position on non-recognition of MPLA government.

Morodcan planes attack POLISARIO positions in West Africa.

Riad meets with POLISARIO leaders.

Pakistan recognizes MPLA government.

General strike in Rome and surrounding region.

EEC Foreign Ministers continue session today.

Portuguese Revolutionary Council urges President to proclaim general elections for April 25.

Spanish Deputy. Premier on role of military in Spain. Nixon continues visit to China,’ talks with Hua. Guayana’s Prime Minister denies reports that there are Chinese and Cuban-run Guerrilla training camps in his country. 25th CPSU speech by Brezhnev. China again attacks Soviet policy toward Angola.

USSR interested in exporting oil to Japan.

Several well-known Soviet dissidents arrive in Israel.

.Angolan. delegate. addresses OAU conference..

US-Portuguese aid agreement. signed. -

Fahmi says Egypt would welcome any effort to improve. relations with Syria. .

Minic arrives in Ankara.

French CP weekly prints criticism of Soviets.

Spanish government meets to discuss economic situation.

ASEAN countries sign friendship and..cooperation.treaty.

Italian communist says Stalinism still exists in USSR.

Genscher says FRG against Soviet presence in Angola.

North Yemen refuses to accept shipload of Soviet arms.

Czech asks political asylum in FRG. .

Amnesty international on deteriorating health of Soviet political prisoners superfin and Rode. .

Plyushch urges foreign delegates at CPSU Congress to call for political amnesty.

Daily Telegraph reports program of pro-Soviet Yugoslav communists.

. French CP statement on Marchaisl refusal to attend’ CPSU Congress.

Eight Dutch professors appeal for release of Andrei .Tverdokhlebm.

CIA says it May have underestimated Soviet defense spending..

Israeli Finance Minister on jiiiaget.

Another massive Chinese attackon Soviet policies

Zaire denies reports that its troops have committed atrocities in Angola.

Arafat says he will seek stronger Soviet support for creation of Palestinian state. .

UN representative in Israel.for.talks on �

resumption of Geneva Miduast peace conference.

Kissinger leaves Costa Rica for Guatemala.

UPI reportson alleged death camps. in Mozambique.

US, USSR, UK, France, Japan and Canada agree on stricter .controls on export of nuclear.technology. �

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Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 47 for 25 February 1976 D. Felton


A. USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 5:25) of the 25th CPSU Congress amplifies on Brezhnev’s admission of the unsatisfactory state of affairs as regards consumer goods, observing that one of the reasons for this which he failed to mention is the huge military budget. The analyst also points to the low average Soviet wage.

2. The first part of the Press Review (Mirsky: M, 4:20) is devoted to the 25th CPSU Congress. The Paris newspaper L’Aurore says th2 hopes raised by Khrushchev’s de-Staliniza-tion campaign exactly 20 years ago at the 20th CPSU Congress failed to materialize; in his speech at the 25th Congress, Brezhnev left no doubt that the present Soviet leadership continues to stake on communist traditions. Le Figaro also observes that present socio-political practice in the USSR goes back to the 20’s, when the "Gulag Archipelago" system was established. The British Guardian gives excerpts from a press conference given by Sakharov on the eve of the Congress and from an open letter signed by him, Turchin, Amalrik, Yuriy Orlov and Petr Grigorenko protesAng against the repression of dissidents in the USSR. David Floyd of the

411 London Daily Telegraph says there is no new Xhrushchev on the horizon in the USSR. The Austrian Presse points to Brezhnev’s references to the "enemies of proletarian internationalism" and the absence of French CP leader Georges Marchais from the Congress. The Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq feels it is only natural for Brezhnev to put the emphasis on successses in foreign policy, since he has nothing to boast about on the domestic scene.

3. New York Report No. 4976 (Hendler, 2:35) on US press reaction to the 25th CPSU Congress notes.that the general opinion is that the dongress will bring no surprises or major changes. However, the New York Times notes, for example, Xhrushchev’s de-Stalinization speech at the 20th Congress, and the underlying tensions in Soviet society. The Baltimore Sun says the Nobel Peace Prize award to Sakharov once more drew attention to the continued violations of civil rights in the USSR, a fact which will doubtless be suppressed at the Congress.

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4, A Bonn Report (Krassowsky, 4:30) says the general reaction of West German political circles and political commentators to the 25th CPSU Congress is that it cannot be expected to bring any major changes, the party leadership being interested in consolidating its power. At the same time, a greater modesty is to be observed in the sphere of economic planning.

5. Another Bonn Report (Krassowsky, 4:40) gives West German press reaction to the 25th CPSU Congress. The Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq editorializes that the most important news is that Brezhnev is in good health - this is good news for the USSR and for the rest of the world, since he is a known quantity. Important is that the USSR bases its relations with the FRG not only on the bilateral treaty between the two countries but on the Brezhnev-Brandt talks in Oreanda. The Stuttqarter Zeitunq feels that Brezhnev’s speech indicates he intends to stay at the helm of the Soviet ship of state, notes his emphasis on Soviet foreign policy as indicating that successes here were greater than in domestic policy. Die Welt points to Brezhnev’s attacks against Japan for her territorial claims against the USSR, and his reference to the USSR’s readiness to seek a compromise with China coupled with his devastating criticism of Maoism.

6. A Paris Report (Ryser, 5:25) reviews French press reaction to the 25th CPSU Congress. Le Figaro, Quotidien de Paris and Le Monde point to the conservatism of Brezhnev’s speech and his criticism of Chinese policy and the compromise, opportu-nistic policy of certain other CP’s, Le Monde quoting articles from Humanite which conclude that the USSR needs more democracy. The French press also published an appeal by Plyushch on behalf of political prisoners in socialist countries, and a statement by French CF CC Secretary Fitterman on differences with the CPSU.

7. New York Report No. 603 (Bykowsky, 5:40) quotes from letters to Waldheim by Kissinger and Gromyko in reply to Waldheim’s January 27 request for the US and Soviet views on ways to achieve progress towards settlement of the Middle East problem. Both Kissinger and Gromyko favored the idea of reconvenIftg the Geneva peace conference, however, they differed on UN resolutions 242 and 338, amendments to which were recently vetoed by the USA. Kissinger’s reference to "consultations with all sides" is interpreted in UN circles as indicating that the USA does not exclude diplomatic contacts with the PLO.

8, A Geneva Report (Mikhelson, 5:20) on the adoption of a resolution condemning the violation of human rights in Chile prepared by a special working group of the UN’s human rights committee focuses on Belorussian delegate Antonovich’s reference to the "terrible conditions" prevailing in Chile, and the reply by the British and Costa Rican delegates ’zastigating violations of human rights in any country or circumstances.

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9. Helsinki and Human Rights No. 7 (R. Dudin: NY, 9) gives excerpts from the Helsinki document pertaining to the free-dom of information, and notes the one-sided Soviet approach to information as illustrated by Soviet media coverage of New York’s financial crisis, and the difficult conditions under which foreign journalists have to work in the USSR, although here, the USSR has promised a relaxation of formalities.

10. Vital Problems of the Soviet Economy No. 19 (Chianurov: M, 4:30) points to the excessive importance attached to "economic indicators" as a major reason for the ineffectiveness of the Soviet economy.

11. In World of Books No. 203 (Struve: P, 17:10), Professor Nikita Struve of Paris University, one of the directors of the Paris YMCA Press, reviews the final part of Solzhenitsyn’s trilogy Gulag Archipelago which has just been issued by this 7flib1ishing house.

12. Cultural News Briefs No. 30 (Henkina, Yu. Panich, Matusevich: M, 18) reviews a book recently published in New lork which tells the story of the screening of Solzheni-tsyn’s A Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, as well as the film itself.

13. Other Shore No. 583 (Kunta: M, 23) presents the 76th installment of Professor Leonid Shapiro’s book on The Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

14. Socio-Economic Problems No. 22 (Glasenapp: M, 9) outlines a further thesis advanced by Wolfgang Leonhard in his book on the future of the USSR entitled On the Eve of a New Revolution? namely that the Soviet regime will undergo a process of liberalization and democratization from within.

15. In People and Events in Recent Russian History No. 22 (Anin: L, 9:10), historian and writer David Anin outlines the political program of the Mensheviks and their differences with the Bolsheviks.

16. Alexander Galich (M, 3) sings a song entitled Clouds.

17. Church Singing No. rendition of Psalm 137,

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND

21 (Tsiolkovich: M, 4:30) presents a "Upon the Rivers of Babylon."

OTHER TOPICS CF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The second part of the Press Review (Mirsky: M, 2:40) is devoted to Angola. The London Times points to the significance of the fact that, for all its internal and external difficulties, the USSR was able to send Cuban troops to Angola and achieve a victory for the MPLA while the USA merely looked on. The French weekly Express notes the declaration by the MPLA’s enemies that they will continue to fight, and the danger of the conflict spilling over into neighboring countries; the presence of Cuban troops in Angola, says the journal, reflects a new strategy.

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The Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq refers to the FRG govern-ment’s concern that the Cubans could be left in Angola in connection with the Rhodesian and Namibian problems, and its demand for full independence for all African states.

2. An Analysis (Henkin: M, 4:30) discusses Brezhnev’s reference at the 25th CPSU Congress to the need for close economic cooperation among the Comecon countries, relating this to Moscow’s "limited sovereignty" doctrine and its aim of assuring complete calm on its Western borders in view of Chinese pressure. However, opposition to such plans is apparent in Czechoslovakia, Poland, Rumania and the GDR. The analyst suggests that Moscow fears a drawing together of East and West European countries since it regards an independent Europe as more dangerous than one under US influence.

3. A London Report (Chuguyev, 4:15) refers to an article in the popular newspaper Daily Mirror on the tens of thousands of political prisoners in the USSR, and detailed information published by the British CP organ Morning Star on an appeal to the 25th CPSU Congress by Sakharov and other Soviet dissidents for a political amnesty for all political prisoners in the USSR.

4. A Special Feature (Finkelstein: L, 16:40) continues to excerpt former British CP General Secretary John Gollan’s article published in this January’s issue of the part’s theoretical journal Marxism Today. Taking as his point of departure Khrushchev’s de-Stalinization campaign launched at the 20th CPSU Congress, Gollan concludes that any socialist society pays dearly for departing from the democratic path.


1. Washington Report No. 654 (SaveMark, 5) says many Washington observers attribute the slimness of President Ford’s victory over Ronald Reagan in the New Hampshire primaries to his failure to sell his political program to the electorate. The victory of Democrat Jimmy Carter is also discussed. �

2. New York Report No. 4977 (Dudin, 5:05) points to a secret agreement concluded last month by the USA, the USSR, Britain, the FRG, France, Japan and Canada aimed at preventing atomic reactors sold to third countries from being used for military purposes. News of the agreement was divulged at recent sessions of the US Senate’s arms control subcommittee.

3. New York Report No. 201 (Dreyer, 5:05) points to the huge debts owed by developing countries to government institutions and private banks in industrial countries, especially the USA, -there concern is beginning to be felt in financial circles. In order to preclude a possible financial panic, Congressional finance committees will shortly examine the possibility of temporary guarantees to commercial banks.

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1. Cultural Review No. 1025 (Litvinov: M, 8:13) is devoted to film ver’siOns of Heinrich Boell’s Ansichten eines Clowns and Die verlorene Ehre von Katharina Blum produced by Vojtech Jasny and Volker Schloendorf. The reviewer says the first of these novels is in any case too dogmatic, criticizes the second of the two films for deriding freedom of the press.

2. Tomorrow of the Planet Earth No. 148 (Patrushev: M, 9) describes an experimental waste-ree production technology created by a group of young s�:ientists at a "New Alchemy Institute" in Massachusetts.

3. Modern Society and Education No. 61 (Schajovicz: M, 9) contains items on special seminars at Paris University for French municipal officials; a bilingual (French-English) school in Paris; and a new Chinese-language textbook in France.

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NEWS COVERAGE’

FEBRUARY 25, 1976

EEC Commissioner Ortoli says Common Market is ready for negotiations with Comecon.

Kissinger visits Guatemala.

Spanish Interior Minister says all political prisoners except terrorists to be released; industrial unrest continues.

Lebanese government agrees on program to restore economy.

Zdenek Mlynar denies charge that he worked for CIA and RFE.

CPSU Congress continues; Sizov address; roundup of dissident stories.

Massive Chinese attack on Soviet leaders pegged to Party Congress.

Latest reports on Spanish strikes.

Waldheim holds consultations on West Sahara.

Idi Amin urges USSR to "liberate" all of Southern Africa.

British diplomat due in Rhodesia for constitutional talks.

Three American Senators propose moratorium on flight-tests of cruise missiles.

Level of radiation in US Moscow Embassy reportedly lower.

Pact between Portuguese military and political parties due to be signed today.

Boumedienne says confrontation over West Sahara would involve whole Arab world.

Former US military intelligence chief Graham says Cuban troops will probably attempt to overthrow regime in Zaire.

UK sends another warship into Icelandic fishing zone.

Austrian government approves plans for census in Carinthia to determine size of Slovenian minority-.

Kissinger returns from Latin American tour.

Joseph Sisco resigns from State Department.

Chinese People’s Daily puts new stress on agriculture in Chinese economic development program..

Nixon continues visit to China.

Cuba proclaims its first socialist constitution.

Malaysia calls on big powers to accept zone of peace in South-East Asia.

Argentine government recalls congress.

Cuba reportedly pledges support to Namibians in fight against South Africa.

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Senate votes to make Mariana Islands a US commonwealth.

Independent and democratic organization for Spanish workers to be set up.

UN workers in Geneva strike.

Soviets sign deal with West German firm.

Soviet Ambassador to Zambia expresses his country’s support for "patriots" in Angola, Rhodesia and South West Africa.

Ford wins New Hampshire primaries; Jimmy Carter wins Democratic vote.

Ford message on Estonian Independence Day.

New US Embassy complex in Moscow to cost 100 million dollars.

Spanish Interior Minister on new labor organization.

EEC ministers fail to agree on nuclear project.

Dutch court acquits Dassault official.

FRG-Poland agreements fail to receive approval from Bundesrat committee.

EEC sources say Comecon has proposed the two trading blocks grant MFN status to each other.

Anon meets with special UN representative.

Portuguese refugees from Angola arrive in Lisbon.

Signing of Portuguese power-sharing pact delayed.

irst group of Basque emigres arrive in Spain.

Malaysian Premier welcomes US economic investment in South-East Asia.

Wilson holds talks with Thorn in London.

Developments in Argentina.

Another SALT session.

Turkish navy and air force maneuvers begin.

Abshire testifies on East-block campaign against RL and RFE.

Yugoslav delegation in London.

Rhodesian troops kill 24 guerrillas.

olarthguake in Costa Rica.

French mathematicians’ committee begins campaign for release of Bukovsky and Gluzman.

Morocco agrees to attend Arab League conference on West Sahara.

Syrian Foreign Minister meets with Lebanese ?halangist leader.

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Allon visits France.

General Haig on growing Communist influence in West Europe.

Vietnamese leader says reaction still persists in South Vietnam.

Ford announces that William Scranton will be new UN Ambassador.

Portuguese military and political leaders hold more talks on delayed agreement.

Spain recognizes MPLA government.

Iceland turns down proposal to put NATO observers on ships in fishing zone.

West German minister on aid to developing countries.

Palestinians release two kidnapped Americans.

Third volume of Gulag Archipelago appears.

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Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 48 for February 26 A. Barry



1. The Press Review (Mirsky: M, 7:55) is devoted to foreign press reaction to the 25th CPSU Party Congress. The New York Times points out that Brezhnev’s speech represented the political platform of the regime. The paper also notes the shamefully low standard of living existing in a country which is probably the mightiest military power in the world. The London Times also writes about the price the Soviet people are paying for the gigantic capital investment in the military industry. Roland Raure, writing in Aurore, comments that from the point of view of the individual who sees communism as a way to human happiness, there are no grounds for Brezhnev to appear in the role of victor. The Danish Algemeen Dagblad sees indications in Brezhnev’s speech that the Secretary General has no intention of leaving office. The Italian Giornale sees the change in tone toward Washington apparent in BrezliTTJT,TT-Fpeech as a sign that CPSU leaders feel that they are free to interfere in conflicts in countries far outside the traditional Soviet sphere of influence, while the US feels itself more constrained than ever. Messagerio notes that Brezhnev’s speech left little hope for those communists who do not share the doctrine of the CPSU leaders. The Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung comments on speeches by Ukrainian Communist Party Central Committee First Secretary Shcherbitsky and by First Secretary of the Moscow City committee of the CPSU Grishin. Le Monde, in its lengthy article on the Congress, discusses how the Soviet leadership renews itself.

2. In a special Report from London (Vladimirov: L, 7:05), Vladimirov interviews Leonard Shapiro, Professor at the London School of Economics and author of The Communist Party of the Soviet Union, who discusses Brezhnev’s speech at the 25th CPSU congress and analyses changes in the CPSU policy since the 20th Party Congress.

3. In his Analysis (Henkin: M, 05:50) of the 25th Party Congress, Henkin focuses on what was said about the party role in foreign policy and notes that the change in accent with regard to this theme seems to reflect the desire of the CPSU leadership to impress upon life-minded communists their moral and political status.

4. In his Report from London (Chuguyev: L, 05:00) Chuguyev reports on British parliamentary discussions on East-West relations in light of the 25th. CPSU Congress.

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5. Bonn Report (Krassowski: M, 05:00), summarizes an interview

by FRG Foreign Minister Genscher, who spoke on Deutschlandfunk about the West German governments intention to extend aid to Angola. The feature is pegged to TASS political observer Vladimir Goncharev’s attack on the interview and Genscher’s allegedly crude, anti-Soviet statement. The RL author shows

that Genscher’s evaluation of the situation in Angola is realistic and coincides with the evaluation of other noted Western politicians

and that Goncharev’s article does not suit the climate of Soviet -West German relations to which Brezhnev referred in his speech at the 25th Party Congress.

6. Problems of Developing Countries No. 19 (Pusta: M, 08:30) is

devoted to a discussion of the noticeable improvement in Soviet-Libyan relations, which is largely due to the worsening of Egyptian-

Libyan relations and the strengthening of Cairo’s pro-American policy.

7. Samizdat Review No. 235 (Schlippe: M, 22:40) continues to survey religious samizdat which appeared in 1975 and focuses particularly on texts by Orthodox authors.

8. Weidle Talk No. 307 (Weidle: P, 08:30) discusses how the works

of poets such as Irina Knorring, Georgiy Ivanov, Khodasevich and

Adamovich reflect the sorrow of Montparnasse.

9. Special Feature (Henkin: M, 10:00) discusses the reported theft

of works from the collection of Georgiy Kostaki, reputed to be the wealthiest man in the USSR. The report gives background information

on Kostaki, a Greek citizen and art collector who has lived in Moscow

since 1912, reports on his collection, and the circumstances of the

theft.

10. Other Shore No. 584 (Shapiro/Kunta: M, 28:50) is the next installment from Leonard Shapiro’s book The Communist Party of the

Soviet Union, the Russian language edition of which was published

by Aurora Press in Florence last year.

11. The first installment from the third volume of Solzhenitsyn’s Gula Archipelago is read on a Special Feature (Solzhenitsyn/ Schlippe: M, 29:35).


1. East European Chronicle No. 109 (Pusta: M, 05:00) discusses

the Communist seizure of power in Czechoslovakia 28 years ago,

noting that although communist theoreticians maintain that this

was an example of a peaceful revolution they ignore the fact that,

although arms were not employed by the Czech communists, this threat

nevertheless existed.

2. In his Report From Paris, (Riser: P, 05:50) Riser reports on the campaign by the Association of French Mathematicians for the release of Vladimir Bukovsky and Semen Gluzman, the continuing campaign by French communists and socialists for the expansion of civil liberties in France, which the RL author sees as a CF tactic to secure voter support, and on the meeting of the special committee to discuss the bill on expanding civil liberties, headed by the Chairman of the French National Assembly, at which noted scholars and politicians spoke on the issue.

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1. Washington Report (Savemark: W, 04:10) gives details of the draft resolution drawn up by Senators Kennedy, Humphrey, and Javitts,

calling on the USSR and USA to end the senseless thermonuclear arms

race. They propose that the Senate request that President Ford see that the Soviet-American talks on strategic arms limitation be con-cluded as soon as possible and that a new agreement based on the 1974 Vladivostok accord be drawn up in final form and presented to the Senate for ratification.

2. New York Report No. 4982 (Dudin: NY, 04:10) analyses the results of U.S. Secretary of State Kissinger’s Latin American tour. The Latin American and U.S. press expressed satisfaction with the results of Kissinger’s discussions with Latin American statesmen but will comment in more detail after the Secretary of State reports to President Ford and holds a press conference.

3. Economy of Modern Capitalism No. 127 (Dreyer: NY, 07:24) Discusses the significance of the agreement reached by the International Monetary Fund representatives meeting in Jamaica. Many Western economic commentators feel that this marks the beginning of a new era in international financial relations.

4. Problems of Pacific Countries No. 197 (Shilyaev: NY, 08:30), discusses various measures recently taken by the Indian government on the basis of decisions made at the 75th congress of the Indian National Congress party, which are aimed at further limiting democratic freedoms in the country and strengthening the authority of Indira Ghandi.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

W1. On Science and Technology Today, No. 7 (Vladimirov: M, 29:02), �Professor Mikhail Tartakovsky, presently working in Tel Aviv, speaks about new methods used in treating heart diseases and how the nature of heart diseases has changed in recent years. The broadcast also includes an interview with a specialist from the Stanford University medical center, who discusses heart transplants; reports on photo-graphs of mirages, which appeared in a recent issue of Scientific American; and an article on highway fatalities which appeared in the same magazine.

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NEWS COVERAGE

FEBRUARY 26, 1976

Portuguese military and political leader reportedly solve differences over agreement.

Kissinger reports to Ford on Latin American trip.

Spanish Foreign Minister says government will probably change policy on Gibraltar.

Iceland’s opposition parties urge break with NATO.

China accuses USSR of intimidating African countries.

Ford compares Soviet-Cuban action in Angola with Italian occupation of Abyssinia in 1935.

West German minister on development aid.

US Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld on growing Soviet military might.

Ford says US will oppose any Soviet expansionism.

TASS attacks West German Foreign Minister Genscher for his statements on Angola.

MORO wins confidence vote in Italian senate.

EEC liberal parties agree ’to contest elections to European Parliament with common program.

Commander of Central Asian military district warns of Chinese war preparations".

Yugoslav authorities claim Mihajlov has ended hunger strike.

Portuguese Foreign Minister says constitutional agreement may be signed today.

More strikes in Spain.

British diplomat arrives in Rhodesia for constitutional talks.

Liberal parties agree on strategy for elections to European Parliament.

Nixon flies to South China.

Soviet general on Chinese "war preparations".

Civil rights campaigner claims there are over 5,000 political prisoners in Argentina.

CPSU congress continues.

Opposition resumes efforts to impeach Peron.

Iceland’s opposition urges break with NATO.

CPSU Congress continues.

Opposition moves against Mrs. Peron.

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Egypt plans construction of 10 nuclear power stations.

Kissinger to discuss SALT with US senators today.

Schmidt on EEC relations, detente.

Portuguese political parties continue consultations on power-sharing pact.

Figures on Soviet foreign payments deficit.

House of Commons committee warns against further defense cuts by Britain.

Saudi Arabia grants 300 million dollars in aid to Egypt.

Special UN representative arrives in Amman.

British special envoy begins talks in Rhodesia.

Roundup of CPSU congress.

Spanish CP leader says Soviet socialism is in primitive stage.

French psychiatrists to investigate Soviet abuse of psychiatry.

UN official warns of consequences of Angola.

Albanians ordered to change unsuitable names.

Fainberg begins campaign for release of Yevdokimov.

Third volume of Gulag Archipelago goes on sale.

Sadat arrives in Abu Dhabi.

Guyer holds talks in Jordan.

Police and strikers clash in Spain.


Fainberg begins campaign for release of Yevdokimov.

Neizvestny receives exit visa.

Nixon continues visit to China.

West studies Soviet freight rates.

Constitutional pact signed in Portugal.

MFR conference holds 95th session.

Allon confers with Sauvagnargues.

Guyer holds talks in Jordan.

Yugoslav dissidents’ lawyer to stand trial.

Spain ends presence in Western Sahara.

West Saharan assembly approves Spanish transfer.


Khaddam ends consultations with Lebanese leaders.

Waldheim’s press conference.

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FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE WITHIN.RLC/RL ONLY


for 27 February 1976

D. Felton



1. The Press Review (Mirsky: M, 5:30) is devoted in its

410 entirety to the 25th CPSU Congress. The Italian newspaper Giorno says Brezhnev’s speech was similar to that he delivered at the 24th CPSU Congress but presented in a more aggressive tone. Corriere della Sera observes that, 20 years after Khrushchev exposed the barbarity of Stalinism, despotism still reigns in the USSR; the USSR’s foreign-political strength, founded as it is on a stagnating society, is thus a giant on feet of clay. The Washington Star says Brezhnev’s reference to detente not meaning an end to class warfare clearly indicates the USSR’s intention to continue tc interfere in other countries’ affairs. The French news-paper Liberation writes that the Congress is making it particularly clear how far the USSR is away from socialist ideals. Sueddeutsche Zeitunq correspondent Hans-Ulrich Kempski

write that althoujhthe Congress proceedings are pre-programmed, they can give an idea of problems which between Congresses remain concealed from the outside gaze. He also notes the iroll discipline and solemnity displayed by the delegates. The Neue Zuercher Zeitunq describes Brezhnev’s speech as being above all a lecture to recalcitrant foreign CT’s. The Paris Croix also points to this recalcitrance as demonstrated by rlarchaistrefusal to attend the Congress.

� Le Monde, on the other hand, feels that the CPSU and the � .7rench CP have a consensus of opinion greater than their

ideological watershed.

2. Daily Life No. 22 (Glasenanp: M, 4:30) points to the considerably low 2T Soviet plan targets for 1980 set by Brezhnev compared with those set by Khrushchev in 1961.

3. A Backgrounder (Bensi: M, 5:10) suggests that the USSR intends to use Angola as a base for further penetrations into Rhodesia and South Africa. However, many observers point tn a recent statement by Angolan government spokesman Luis Almeida that Angola aims to introduce its own brand of African socialism, and the Angolan constitution forbids the establishm_nt of foreign military bases on Angolan soil.

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4. A Note (Yu. Panich: M, 4:30) on the publication of the third volume of Gulag Archipelaqo quotes Solzhenitsyn’s observation that this work can only, be considered complete when others who experienced the sufferings depicted therein will have had a chance to and their contributions.

5. A London Report (Vladimiro-r, L, 4:10) says a huge poster displayed in Moscow caricaturing British Conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher as a witch riding a broomstick illustrates Soviet anger over her recent reference to the Soviet arms buildup and aspirations of world domination. The caricature was shown in all British newspapers except the communist Horning Star.

6. Jewish Cultural and Social Life No. 151 (Roitman,Gittelson:M, 29:10) contains an RL correspondent’s report on the Second World Jewish Conference in Defense of Soviet Jews which recently took place in Brussels; a review of the 7th issue of the unofficial Moscow journal Yevrei v SSSR (Jews in the USSR), focusing on material on the assimilation of Jews in the USSR; and the text of an open letter by Minsk pensioner Oberman Shevel Zalmanovich to the chief editor of the Soviet Yiddish-language journal Sovetish Heimland, Aron Vergelis, pointing to the suppression of Jewi6h culture in the USSR.

7. A Special Feature (Rahr: M, 5) gives the contents of an article by LS diplomat George Kerman in the Hamburg weekly Ze.-It on US foreign policy in particular and US-Soviet rela-tions in particular. Kennan says detente has never meant that the USSR would radically change her strategy and policy, ascribes the USSR’s reluctance to reduce her armed forces to her inner weakness and the leadership’s fear of a fall in discipline in the country, and describes the Soviet leaders as old, tired bureaucrats unable to break with the past.

8. New York Report No. 4985 (Davydov,NY, 4:10) discusses an article in the latest issue of Newsweek by Georgiy Arbatov, Director of the USSR Academy of Sciences’ Institute for the study of the USSR and Canada, entitled "A Soviet View of Detente." Among other things, Arbatov intimated that if US criticism of detente went too far, the USSR could do without it, and spoke of US foreign policy defeats springing from the cold war period and blind anti-communism.

9. New York Report No. 4986 (Gittelson,NY, 4:50) is devoted to a press conference held in defense of Soviet human rights activists Sergny Novalev and Andrey Tverdokhlebov during -the 142nd annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Boston. Voice clips are given of the orening address by the director of the American scientists’ federation, and statements made to the RL correspondent by Professor George Wald of Harvard University, and Professor Aleksaadr Yesenin-Volpin of Boston University, who emigrated from the USSR in 1972.

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10. The Role of Economic Managers No. 13 (Kazantsev: NY, 9), based on the theoretical works of sociologist Aleksandr Yanov now circulating in samizdat, continues to discuss the "division of power" between the CPSU Politburo and Central Committee, focusing on Yanov’ reference to the conflict of interests between them springing from the necessarily more pragmatic attitude of the Politburo and the dogmatic conservatism of the "little Stalins" in the CC.

11. Letters and Documents No. 1143 (Yefimov: M, 26:10) presents the second installment of Anatoliy Marchenko’s essay From Tarusa to Chuna in which the author describes his arrest in May 1975 and his subsequent banishment to Chuna in the Irkutsk Oblast.

12. The Present Through the Prism of the Past No. 36

110 (Antonovich: M, 9:05) notes that the successors of the literary watchdogs castigated by Russian satirist Saltykov-Shchedrin are now celebrating the 150th anniversary of his birth.

13. In Betaki on Poetry No. 98 (.7asiliy Betaki: M, 8:40), Leningrad poet Vasiliy Betaki continues to discuss the poetry of yourg Baku poetess Alla Akhundova.

14. Russian Books Abroad No. 3 (Maramzin: P, 9:05) discusses the religious-philosophical renaissance in Russian literature in the early part of the 20th century as illustrated by the journal Vekhi, and such personalities as Berdyayev, Petr Struve, Sergiy Bulgakov and Semen Frank.


1. An Analysis (H-nkin: M, 5:40) of the 25th CPSU Congress says the foreign guests, like the delegates, have the role of amplifying and illustrating Brezhnev’s ideas, expressing gratitude to him and the CPSU CC, and castigating Peking’s machinations; however, only in the case of Mongolian party leader Tsedenbal did references to the Maoist threat sound convincing.

2. Cultural News Briefs No. 31 (Henkina: M, 5:40) contains an item on the beginning of the construction in Karl-Marx-Stadt (GDR) of a "museum of the history and development of productive forces" scheduled to open in 1980.


1. A Backgrounder (Bensi: M, 5) points to the historical significance of the agreement under which the Portuguese military leadership is to hand over basic legislative and executive power to civilian institutions after this year’s parliamentary and presidential elections. The USSR is not happy about this.since it puts the Portuguese communists in a difficult situation. Portuguese socialist leader Mario Soares has rejected the idea of cooperating with the communists, who he says have thoroughly discredited themselves.

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2. A Tel-Aviv Report (Perelman, ,5:10) discusses Israeli Finance Minister Yehoshua Rabinowitz’s budget speech in which he announced tough economic measures such as higher taxes and higher food prices limed at boosting exports and reducing the country’s huge trade deficit. The budget met with stiff opposition both from the opposition as well as within the government coalition.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST- --COUNTRIES:

1. Cultural News Briefs No. 31 (Henkina: M, 5:40) contains items on: ’this year’s Cannes Film Festival scheduled for May; an international UNESCO congress in Warsaw on the preservation of historical monuments; plans in the USA to produce a screen version of the Bible; the showing of Roberto Rosselini’s film The Messiah in Paris’s Holy Trinity Cathedral; and an upcoming exhibition of lithographs by Marc Chagall in Nice.

2. In Kuznetsov Talk No. 134 (Kuznetsov: L, 13:30) writer Anatoliy Kuznetsov describes the proliferation of flags in Pritain and the widespread and unconventional use of the Union Jack for decorative purposes.

3. Man’s Inner World No. 17 (Patrushev: M, 13) discusses Freud’s theory of the various stages of a person’s sexual development as illustrated by one of his patients, the so-called "wolf man," soli of a wealthy Russian landowner. The script contains a categorization of Stalin according to this theory.

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NEWS COVERAGE

FEBRUARY 27, 1976

Arbatov tells NBC that USSR will continue aid to Angola till MPLA’s final victory.

State Dapartment reportedly se.Ids doctor to Mosco1:7 to investigate (-ases of sickness.

Portug7ll’s military close notorious prison for inumts.

77aldheim’s pres-, conference.

Israeli patrol kills Palestinian guerilla in Lebanon.

Number of Jewish immigrants from USSR passing through Vienna drops by one third.

� Rumors of coup in Argentina denied.

P-partment official to meet with Nixon on his return from China.

Castro to visit Yugoslavia in March.

rissinger against unilateral moratorium on rocket tests.

Polish envoy to Donn says Poland to allow all ethnic Germans to leave the country if they desire.

Arab League Secretary General meets with Boumedienne.

Police fight demonstrators in Barcelona.

International Red Cross begins talks with MPLA regime on fate of refugees.

New UN committee on Palestine begins session.

Gomas defends decision to recognize MPLA regime.

� Portuguese military and political parties sign agreement

on turning powers over to civilian government.

Pakistan ext?.nds prrsidential rule in Beluchistan.

Soviet sprinters to take part in West Berlin

world championship.

US to continue humanitarian aid to Angolan refugees.

Three US Middle 7ast Ambassadors to return to US for consultations.

Posters criticizing Teng by name appear in Peking.

Kissinger meets with Bhutto.

Special Dritish representative ends talks in Salisbury.

President of Polish Democratic Party’s central committee killed in auto accident.

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US defense official says US ibilitary technology lead narrowing.

Group of US senators call for change of US policy towards South Africa.

US denies Cambodian claim that US plane bombed Cambodian town.

Kim Chul sentenced in South Korea.

Arab fund to be set up for Egypt.

Argentinian government discusses economic measures.

Former head of Greek CP allowed to return to Greece.

South African official on US policy in Africa.

Sadat arrives in ’3ahrein for talks.

Demonstrators block access to US base in Iceland.

Berlinguer’s speech at CPSU Congress.

Differences with CPSU prevent Marchais from attending Congress. Guyer arrives in Syria.

CSSR refuses to give visa to FRG parliamentarian.

East and West Germany sign post and telecommunications agreements. USSR and Singapore sign exchange agreements.

Italian CP rejects alliance exclusively with Socialists.

Sadat arrives in Qatar.

MPLA leder to meet with President of Zaire.

Wilson helps East Europeans emigrate.

Spain seeks diplomatic relations with USSR.

Sakharov and Medvedev comment on Brezhnev speech.

Ceausescu calls for abolition of NATO and Warsaw Pact.

Algeria rejects annexation of Western Sahara.


POLISARIO proclaims democratic republic in Western Sahara.

Palestinian leader discounts resumption of Geneva conference.

Sadat appeals for urgent reconvening of Mideast confereAce in Geneva.

Rhodesia suspends import-export traffic through Mozambique.

China accuses Soviet leaders of stepping up militarization of national economy.

US Embassy in Moscow denies radiation illnesses.

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Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 50 for 28-29 February 1976 D. Felton

(A summary of the news coverage by .the Russian Service appears at the end of the DBA.)


1. Round Table Discussion No. 196 (Krassowsky, Oganesyan, Rahr, Henkin: M, 20) of February 28 focuses on problems raised by Brezhnev in his speech before the 25th CPSU Congress.

2. The World Last Week (Henkin, Bensi, Savemark, Ryser, Chuguyev, Bykovsky, Mirsky, Gratzky: M, W, P, L, NY, 20) contains an item describing the 25th CPSU Congress as being characterized by stagnation and a return to the personality cult. The USSR is said to be regarding detente as a means of securing advantages for itself and extracting concessions from the other side. Reference is made to Brezhnev’s insistence on the need to intensify the struggle against deviations from socialist morality.

3. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 104 (Belotserkovsky, Schlippe, Vishnevskaya, Roitman: M, 20) notes that Brezhnev said nothing at the 25th CPSU Congress on radical reforms necessary to overcome the grave stagnation of the Soviet economy.

4. Panorama (Parouansky, Krassowsky, Henkin, Chuguyev: M, Bonn, L, 20) gives the substance of an article by Nicholas Carroll in the 26 February issue of the West German SPD weekly Vorwaerts entitled "If Brezhnev Were to Speak Openly" which lists points which Brezhnev should have made in his speech before the 25th CPSU Congress, in particular the fact that the USSR has achieved approximate political and military parity with the USA, but has grave economic problems.

5. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 104 (Belotserkovsky, Schlippe, Vishnevskaya, Roitman: M, 20.) gives the text of a brief interview given by Soviet dissident Andrey Amalrik to the Second German Television on the opening day of the 25th CPSU Congress. Amalrik spoke of the considerable support of Western public opinion feir3oviet dissidents, and expressed the view that the Congress would br.Lng no major changes.

6. Lawyer’s Notes No. 87 (Roitman: M, 9) lists various promises to the Soviet people which the Soviet leadership has failed to fulfil, such as the May 1960 promise to abolish taxes by October 1, 1965, Brezhnev’s promise to raise the average monthly wage to 149 rubles by the end of the 9th Five-Year Plan, and Khrushchev’s promises of a shorter working week, more housing and a new Constitution.

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7. Panorama (Pbrouansky, Krassowsky, Henkin, Chuguyev: M, Bonn, L, 20) gives the substance of a March 1 Newsweek article on the Soviet economy, military buildup and foreign policy which describes the USSR as a state striving for world hegemony but suffering from internal weaknesses.

8. Economists on the Soviet Economy No. 71 (Chianurov: :4, 9 takes issue with Soviet charges that Western economists are deliberately presenting a false picture of Soviet agriculture by giving the substance of an article in the Ljubljana journal Delo which attributes the USSR’s agricultural difficulties to insufficient mechanization, inadequate grain storage facilities, a lack of material incentive, and the inflexible centralized planning system.

9. Maksimov Talk No. 50 (Maksimov: P, 8:30) analyses statements made by the Head of the USSR Foreign Ministry’s Press Department, Sofinsky, in an interview published in the February 18 issue of Literaturnaya_gizeta to the effect that foreign correspondents in the USSR enjoyed extensive opportunities for acquainting themselves with Soviet reality and were taken on tours to such far-flung places as the Krasnoyarsk and Khabarovsk regions, noting that foreign correspondents such as David Bonavia of the Times who tried to give an objective picture of the USSR have been expelled.

10. A Special Feature (Vishnevskaya, Chugunov: M, L, 11) examines the charge made by Grigoriy KozLov in articles in the February 4 and 11 issues of Literaturnaya Gazeta and in the February 12 issue of Krasnaya zvezda to the effect that Soviet dissidents who had undergone psychiatric treatment in the USSR such as Yesenin-Volpin, Yakobson, Tarsis and Faynberg were also under-going psychiatric treatment in the West. RL interviews with Viktor Faynberg, who received an apology from the Morning Star in this connection, and Boris Zuckerman in Jerusalem are included.

11. A Special Feature (Krassowsky: M, 20) is devoted to the speeches delivered by Natalya Gorbanevskaya, Vadim Delon and Vladimir ilaramzin at the annual meeting of the West German Human Rights Society.

12. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 104 (Belotserkovsky, Schlippe, Vishnevskaya, Roitman: M, 20) contains an item on the performance of Professor Zivs in Soviet delegations sent to the First and Second World Jewish conferences in Defense of Soviet Jews held in Brussels in 1971 and just recently, and at the "Sakharov session" in Copenhagen last October, at which he declared that noon?. is sentence for political dissidence in the USSR, and that there was no problem of the emigration of Soviet Jews.

40.

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13. Russia Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow No. 643 (Koryakov: NY, 13:30) suggests that little has changed since a party meeting of the USSR Writers Union held in March 1956, ju,t after Khrushchov launched his de-Stalinization campaign at the 20th CPSU Congress, at which writers criticized the personality cult, the party’s tutelage of literature, and the general state of Soviet society.

14. In a Special Feature (Schlippe: M, 30) the second part is read of the fifth section of the third volume of Solzhenitsyn’s Gulag Archipelago.

15. In Journalist’s Notebook No. 94 (Skorbina: M, 9) a former Soviet woman journalist, drawing on her own experience ancl Soviet press material, notes how the practice of making awards to outstand-ing workers in the USSR sours relations even among such simple workers as milkmaids by fermenting jealousy, intrigues and deceit.

16. Weekly Radio Journal Soviet Union No. 104 (Belotserkovsky, Schlippe, Vyshnevskaya, Roitman: M, 20) notes the uniqueness of the fact that, although his novel Faithful Ruslan (the story of a concentration camp watchdog who becomes redundant) was published in the Russian emigre press, Soviet writer Georgiy Vadimov was interviewed on general literary problems in the columns of Literaturnaya gizeta.

17. Cultural News Briefs No. 32 (Henkin, Zavalishin: M,NY, 28:40) contains a report on an exhibition in New York’s Ronald Feldman Gallery of works by Soviet modernist artists Vitaliy Komar and Aleksandr Melamed, former dissidents who decided to abstain from political protest in their works in exchange for being allowed freedom by the Soviet authorities to pursue their artistic innovation.

18. In a Special Feature (Roitman: M, 4:30) of February 29 RL’s correspondent at the recent Second World Jewish Conference in Defense of Soviet Jews gives the substance of the speech delivered at the conference by US Senator Frank Church, who related the problem of Soviet Jewry to detente and Helsinki.

19. Human Rights No. 123 (Fedoseyev: M, 9) begins to discuss a collection of international conventions.on human rights ratified by the USSR compiled by Valeriy Chalidze and issued in Russian by his "Khronika Press" in New York. Reference is made to conventions calling for freedom of religious education and freedom to form labor organizations.

20. The Ideological State of Soviet Society No. 18 (Agursky: M, 8) briefly outlines the history of the Protestant, in particular Baptist movements in the Russian Empire and then the USSR. Legalized in 1905, they were later exploited by the Bolsheviks for their own political purposes, only to become subjected to persecution along with religion in general in the USSR.

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21. Fifty Years Ago This Week No. 85 (Hendler: NY. 13:30) presents

a talk with saxophonist Anatoliy Aleksandrovich Gerasimov, who left

the USSR in 1973 and now lives and works in the USA, on the typical

popular music played in the USSR during the NEP period in the

nineteen twenties.

22. In 14,tnesses of the Events of 1917 No. 4, Professor Sergey ViktoroO’ich Grotov, then a student at the Imperial College of Jurisprudence in St. Petersburg and then in the Corps of Pages,

continues his eyewitness, account of the events preceding and

during the February 1917 Revolution, referring to the hoarding of

foodstuffs, the government’s ineffective mobilization campaign

and general indecision, casualties, and the Bolshevik role.

- 23. Cultural Review No. 1024 (Muravina: M, 8) discusses a story by Albert Likhanov entitled Every Year in September published in the 10th issue of Molodaya gvardija for last year which tells of the isolation and hardship suffered by an artist in order to preserve his artistic individuality.

24. A Special Feature (Plikhelson: M, 8) gives a portrait of Russian emigre artist Andrey. Mikhaylovich Lanskoy (born in Moscow in 1902) who is about to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the first exhibition of his works.

10)

25. In Theater Horizons (Ye. Igoshina: P, 8) Yelizareta Igoshina discusses Leonid Leonov’s play The Invasion, whose hero seeks a heroic death in World War Two in an attempt to rehabilitate himself with his family. Igoshina pays tribute to Leonov’s talent, but criticizes his political conformism.


1. The World Last Week (Henkin, Bensi, Savemark, Ryser, ChuguyeN11, Bykowsky, Mirsky, Gratzky: M, W, P, L, NY, 20) of February 28 contains an item on the differences between the CPSU and the French CF on the question of socialist democracy which also sitggests that the latter’s call for a broadening of civil liberties in France is superfluous in view of the submission of a corresponding draft bill.

2. The World Last Week (Henkin, Bensi, Savemark, Ryser, Chuguyev, Bykovsky, Mirsky, Gratzky: M, W, P, L, NY, 20) contains an item on a Sino-Soviet polemic on February 23, Soviet Army and Navy Day, on

. the Chinese refusal to allow Soviet representatives to lay wreaths on the graves of Soviet soldiers in China.

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3. Panorama (Perouansky, Krassowsky, Henkin, Chuguyev: M, Bonn, L, 20) gives the substance of an article in Newsweek pointing to the present conflict in China between the Maoist doctrinaires and the moderate pralmatists, a situation reminiscent of the "cultural revolution", aluAough Chinese foreign policy remains unchanged.

4. In Religion in the Modern World No. 244 (Bourdeaux: M, 9) British pastor Michael Bourdeaux describes the stimulating effect on the Protestant, particularly Baptist community in Rumania by a young Transylvanian pastor Joseph Ton who returned to Rumania in 1972 after graduating from Oxford University. Ton, who emphasized that a socialist society needed Christians, succeeded in getting certain restrictions on religious activities removed.

5. In Topic of Discussion No. 213 (Rudolf: NY, 18:10) of February 29 Larissa Silnitskaya, who was born and grew up in the USSR, went to Czechoslovakia in 1956, where she worked on the journal Problems of Peace and Socialism and for COMECON and the Gosplan as an Inter-preter, and left the country in 1968 after the Soviet invasion (she was a simultaneous interpreter at a Bratislava conference two weeks before the invasion), discusses LI-.! Czech samizdat book by former Czech CF CC Secretary and Presidium Member Zdenek Mlynar entitled The Attempt at Reform in Czechoslovakia in 1968 which was published last year in Cologne.


1. The World Last Week (Henkin, Bensi, Savemark, Ryser, Chuguyev, Bykowsky, Mirsky, Gratzky: M, W, P, L, NY, 20) of February 28 contains an item on the New Hampshire primaries.

2. The World Last Week (Henkin, Bensi, Savemark, Ryser, Chuguyev, Bykowsky, Mirsky, Gratzky: M, W, P, L, NY, 20) contains an item on Kissinger’s tour of Latin America which notes Latin American concern over the Cuban intervention in Angola, Kissinger’ s warning that the USA would not remain passive in the case of a further Cuban intervention in the Western hemisphere, and the USA’s recognition of Brazil as the leading power in South America.

3. The World Last Week (Henkin, Bensi, Savemark, Ryser, Chuguyev, Bykowsky, Mirsky, Gratzky: M, W, P, L, NY, 20) contains an item on the new UN committee on the rights of the Palestinian people, which contains no Western representatives and is condemned by Israel as extremist.

4. Panorama (Perouansky, Krassowsky, Henkin, Chuguyev: M, Bonn, L, 20) gives the substance of an analysis in the British Economist on the situation in Southern Africa following the MPLA victory in Angola, which has put moderate pro-Western forces on the defensive, although the West can still exert economic influence on Angola. South Africa, says the Economist, should continue its detente policy to the point of applying pressure on Rhodesia.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES

1. In Sunday Talk No. 985 (Shmeman: NY, 9) of February 28, rather Alexander says that unless a man’s conscience is awakened he can never get to the bottom of the secret of evil.

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NEWS.COVERAGE

FEBRUARY 28, 1976

Solzhenytsin and wife return to Zurich after England visit.

Portugal’s "Democratic Movement" to boycott April parliamentary elections.

MPLA leader arrives in Congo for meeting with Zaire President.

Jordan’s King Hussein meets with President Assad of Syria.

Dutch magazine published names of alleged Soviet agents in Holland.

AlCDA director says new SALT agreement might have to omit specific limitations on cruise missiles.

USSR outspending US military by about 40 per cent.

UNITA leader Savimbi denounces USSR, Cuba as Africa’s 410 new imperialist enemies.

Jewish extremists claim credit for firing shots at Soviet diplomatic residence in New York.

PLO to request meeting of UNSC.

Nigeria intends to aid liberation movements in S. Africa. ,

Portugal, France agree to coordinate policies in Africa.

Interim agreements with Arab states possible,o,ys Israeli Foreign Minister,

Polish Cardinal appeals for ending discriminations of believers.

Threat to Polish-German relations seen in event of FRG’s failure to ratify treaty.

Dutch Prime Minister sees free elections as precondition for Spain’s admission to EEC.

Moroccan reaction to Polisario proclamation of Democratic Republic in Western Sahara.

Sadat continues talks with ruler of Qatar.

Protests continue in Belfast.

Police, striking workers clash in several Spanish cities.

Ford on relations with Cuba.

Sadat arrives in Kuwait.

Mobutu to meet with Neto today.

US report on Soviet grain harvest.

US doctor taking blood tests of employees at US Embassy in Moscow.

CPSU Congress continues.

Portuguese Army Chief-of-Staff says he would stand as Presidential candidate in exceptional circumstances.

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Syria demands Israeli withdrawal.

British Defense Minister warns against further defense cuts.

Malagasy recognizes Polisario front as Sahara government.

More attacks on Teng in China.

Soviet officials reportedly in contact with US to buy more grain.

Greenhill returns to London.

Krennikov criticizes dissidents at Party Congress; French delegate speaks.

British Defense Minister says Soviets intensifying ideological war.

United Arab emirates, Kuwait grant aid to Egypt.

Morocco denies Polisario proclaimed democratic republic in Western Sahara.

US doctor examining Embassy personnel in Moscow.

Italian Communist criticizes contempt of human rights in USSR.

Genscher deplores refusal by CSSR to give visa to West German parliamentarian.

Angolan Premier outlines political course.

Thomas Gates reportedly to be appointed head of US liaison office in Peking.

French delegate to CPSU Congress says French brand of Communism includes multi-party democracy and civil liberties.

Cunhal meets with Brezhnev.

USSR protests to US over shooting incident in New York

Zaire and Angola decide to establish relations.

Qatar promises Egypt aid.

Simon visits Saudi Arabia.

Spanish flag lowered in Western Sahara.

Atherton holds talks in Algeria.

Sadat winds up trip to Arab countries.

US apologizes to USSR over shooting incident.

Nixon winds up visit to China.

Portuguese communist hold rallies.

West German opposition leader sees chance of Bundesrat ratification of agreement with Poland.

Jordan denies readiness to end state of war with Israel.

Communists and terrorists not to be pardoned in Spain.

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FEBRUARY 29, 1976

CPSU Congress roundup.

State Department spokesman says no health problems found among US Embassy personnel in Moscow.

China’s Peoples’ Daily calls for campaign against a prominent party official.

Eleven sentenced in Sudan for participation in last September coup.

Zaire, Angola reach agreement on diplomatic relations.

Rhodesia cuts off water supplies to Mozambique.

Portuguese labor minister hits communists for fomenting workers’ unrest.

Spanish police battle demonstrators in Vittoria.

King Hassan of Morocco says his country ready to defend Morocco’s territorial interests in West Sahara.

UN assistant Secretary General meets with Arafat.

Demonstrations rock Belfast.

British frigate rams Icelandic boat.

US Senator says Socialist Workers Party has not given up terror as means of overthrowing US government.

S. Vietnam begins talks on renewal of tourist flow.

Seven die in Argentina mine accident.

OAU political committee votes to recognize Saharan Nationalist Front; King Hassan says Morocco will defend its integrity.

Socialist committee for defense of democracy in Portugal to meet in March.

Thai Socialist Party leader assassinated.

Greece, Rumania sign two cooperation agreements.

British Conservative Party leader pledges cooperation with trade unions.

Former colonel shot by Ethiopian security forces.

Czechoslovak team to try to scale Macalu mountain in Nepal.

32 persons killed in bus crash in S. Korea.

Spanish government draws up emergency plans to maintain food supplies in face of truck drivers’ strike.

Ford continues campaigning in Florida.

Vene,zaelan extremists threaten to kill US businessman.

British scientists discover new anti-infection vaccine.

Jnpan launches eight communications satellite.

Part of Mussolini’s brain stolen.

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Sadat winds up tour of Arab countries.

Nixon ends China visit today.

-Sadat criticizes Syrian-Jordanian moves.

Nixon leaves China.

North Vietnam calls for overthrow of nm-conmunist governments in Southeast asia.

Italian Republican Party proposes meeting with all other parties to discuss economic situation.

Venezuelan authorities willing to hold talks with kidnappers of American businessman.

Arab fund set up for Egypt.

FNLA, Unita forces to leave Zaire.

OAU divided on whether to recognize Polisario government.

CDU officials return from China trip.

EEC Foreign Ministers meet in Brussels tomorrow.

Strikes continue in Spain.

Yugoslav lawyer goes on trial tomorrow.

80 Soviet political prisoners go on hunger strike for duration of CPSU congress.

Sadat returns to Cairo.

Money markets reopen in Italy tomorrow.

Kuwait calls for Arab aid for Egypt.

King Hussein begins world tour.

West German minister leaves for China.

Rhodesia reports 17 African guerrillas killed on Mozambique border.

20 Soviet Jews send appeal to Israeli delegate to CPSU congress.

Israel announces plan to requisition Arab land.

US to help Saudi Arabia expand electric power system.

Clerides comments on talks with Denktash.

Polisario wins increasing African support.

Nordic council calls on Britain to withdraw from Icelandic economic zone.

Spanish Army steps in to prevent Badajoz from running out of drinking water.

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