REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

任維廉William

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出處

Creswell, J. W., Research design: Qualitative and quantitative approaches, 3rd ed., 2009, Sage Publications.

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Outline

1. The research topic

2. The literature review2.1 The use of the literature

2.2 Design Techniques

2.3 The definition of terms

2.4 A quantitative or mixed methods literature review

3. Summary

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1. The Research Topic

The topic is the subject or subject matter of proposed study. Draft a brief title to the study

Try to complete this sentence: ”My study is about…” Creating title

Be brief and avoid wasting words (a study of) Make sure it includes the topic of the study

Pose the topic as a brief question

Working title, revision: Researcher, adviser, committee member. Plain Chinese, plain English. Double title.

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1. The Research Topic

Whether the topic can and should be researched? Can

If researcher have participants willing to serve in the study. If investigators have resources to collect data and can

analyze the information.

Should be Whether anyone outside the researcher’s own immediate

institution or area would be interested in the topic. Researcher’s personal goal Contribution: add anything new to the body of research.

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2. The Literature Review

It shares with the reader the results of other studies. It provides a framework for establishing the

importance of the study as well as a benchmark for comparing the results with other findings.

Should be brief and summarize the major literature on the research problem.

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2.1 The Use of The Literature

Qualitative research The literature is a manner consistent with the assumption of learning from

the participant. Need to be answered from the researcher’s standpoint.

Quantitative research Provides direction for questions or hypotheses. Introduce a problem or to describe the existing literature. Compare finding.

Mixed methods study Sequential Concurrent

*End (Inductive) vs. Beginning (deductive).

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2.2 Design Techniques-Steps in conducting a literature review

1. Identify key words. (thesaurus, control words)

2. Search the databases.

3. Try to find about 50 reports of research or books related to your topic.

4. Skim and duplicate those that central your topic.

5. Identify useful literature. (literature map)

6. Draft summaries of the most relevant articles.

7. Assemble the literature review

*PQRST

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2.2 Design Techniques-Search computerized databases ERIC, DAI, NTIS Google scholar, wiki Commercial database

ProQuest Sociological abstracts Social sciences citation index (SSCI)

* 交大學術集成 (SCHOLAR@NCTU)

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2.2 Design Techniques-A priority for selecting literature material

Journal article Easiest to locate and duplicate

Dissertation Quality Difficult to read

Web Easy to access Quality Online journals

*Books

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2.2 Design Techniques-A literature map of the research Organize the literature Build a visual picture of existing research Way to organize the literature map

Type Content

Hierarchical Top-down

Flowchart Left to right

Series of circles Circle represents literatureThe intersection of the circles

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2.2 Design Techniques-A literature map of the research: topic, integrate, extend.

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2.2 Design Techniques-Abstracting studies Mention the problem being addressed. State the central purpose or focus of the study. Briefly state information. Review key results that relate to the proposed study.

*IMRD

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2.2 Design Techniques-Style manuals Provide guidelines for creating a scholarly style of a

manuscript. In-text references End-of-text references Headings Footnotes Tables and figures

*format consistent.

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2.3 The Definition of Terms

If there is any likelihood that readers don’t know the meaning.

When it first appears in the proposal. Do not define the terms in everyday language. Qualitative studies

Do not include the separate section Quantitative studies

In the separate section Mixed methods studies

*” 胃氣” ,organ vs. subsystem.

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2.4 A Quantitative or Mixed Methods Literature Review

The literature be composed of 5 components Introduction independent variable dependent variable relates the independent variable to the depend variable Summary

*fill gap: more mediate / moderate variables.

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3. Summary

1. Identify your topic

2. Qualitative research Literature helps substantiate the problem. At the end of study.

3. Quantitative research Not only helps substantiate the problem, but also suggests possible

questions that needs to be addressed. Separate section

4. Mixed methods research

5. Steps in conducting a literature review

6. Define the key terms

Thanks for listening

Q&A