REVIEW FOR MID TERM 1
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REVIEW FOR MID TERM 1
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SI CGS BE
Length Meter (m) Centimeter (cm)
Foot (ft)
Mass Kilogram (kg)
Gram (g) Slug (sl)
Time Second (s) Second (s) Second (s)
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English S.I.
• 1 inch = 2.540 cm (centimeter = 1/100 meter)
• 1mile = 1.609 km (kilometer= 1000 meters)
• 1 pound = 454 g (gram)
• 1.06 quart = 1 L (litre)
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Components Of Vectors
A = Ax + Ay
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Using Components To Add Vectors
Cx = Ax + Bx
Cy = Ay + By
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Vav,x = (x2-x1)/(t2-t1) = Δx/Δt SI unit: m/s
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Average Accelerationaav,x = (v2x – v1x) / (t2 - t1) = Δvx / Δt
SI unit: m/s2
Instantaneous Accelerationax = lim (Δvx/Δt) Δt 0SI unit: m/s2
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Cars Accelerating or Decelerating
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Constant-Acceleration Equations of Motion
Variables Related Equation
Velocity, time, acceleration
vx = v0x + axt
Position, time, acceleration
x = x0 + v0xt + (½ )axt2
Velocity, position, acceleration
vx2 = v0x
2 + 2ax(x – x0) = v0x2 + 2axx
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Constant-Acceleration Equations of Motion in Two-Dimensions
vx = v0x + axt vy = v0y + ayt
x = x0 + v0xt + (½ )axt2 y = y0 + v0yt + (½ )ayt2
vx2 = v0x
2 + 2ax(x – x0) vy2 = v0y
2 + 2ay(y – y0)
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Equations of Motion for projectileax = 0m/s2 ay = -9.81m/s2
vx = v0x + axt vy = v0y + ayt
x = x0 + v0xt + (½ )axt2 y = y0 + v0yt + (½ )ayt2
vy2 = v0y
2 + 2ay(y – y0)
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Determination of key itemsfor projectiles
• x = (vocos o)t
= tan-1(vy/vx)
• y = (vosin o)t - ½gt2
• vx = vocoso
• vy = vosino- gt
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R = F1 + F2 + F3 + ……..= Σ F, (resultant, and vector sum, of forces)
Rx = Σ Fx , Ry = Σ Fy
(components of vector sum of forces)
Once we have the components Rx and Ry, we can find the magnitude and direction of the vector R.
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Newton’s First Law – Figure 4.7
•“Objects at rest tend to stay at rest and objects in motion tend to stay in motion in a straight line unless it is forced to change that state by forces acting on it”
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Newton’s Second Law of Motion (Vector Form)
The vector sum (resultant) of all the forces acting on an object equals the object’s mass times its acceleration :
ΣF = ma
The acceleration a has the same direction as the resultant force ΣF.
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Newton’s Second Law of Motion (Vector Form)
The vector sum (resultant) of all the forces acting on an object equals the object’s mass times its acceleration :
ΣF = ma
The acceleration a has the same direction as the resultant force ΣF.
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Forces are the origin of motionForces Acceleration a = F/m
Velocityv= v0 + at
Positionx = x0 + v0t + ½ at2
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x
y
x positivey positive
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x negativey positive
x
y
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x
y
x negativey negative
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x
y
x positivey negative
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x
y
??????
x positivey positive
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Drawing a FBD of forces on an object (on, not by)
1. Choose the object to analyze. Draw it as a dot.2. What forces physically touch this object?
This object, not some other3. What “action at a distance” forces act on the object?
Gravity is the only one for this PHYS2053
4. Draw these forces as arrows with tails at the dot (object).5. Forces only! No accelerations, velocities, …
Get components of Newton’s 2nd Law
Choose a convenient xy coordinate systemFind the x and y components of each force in the FBDAdd the x and y components separately
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In a rescue, the 70.0 police officer is suspended by two cables, as shown in the figure below Find the tension in the cables.
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w
T2T1
T2 cos480
T2 sin480
T1 sin350
T1 cos350
35o48o
x
y