Honors Biology - January 4th, 2012

SWBAT: Review key concepts for the midterm exam.

Warm Up:

1.) Enzymes are a type of _________ made by linking amino acids.

2.) List the two types of anaerobic respiration (fermentation)we studied.

3.) Name three organic biomolecules.

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Organic Molecules: Inorganic Molecules:(All contain carbon)

(Do NOT contain carbon)

1.) Carbohydrates: Quick source of energy

2.) Lipids: Long-term energy storage

3.) Proteins: Raw materials and enzyme action (catalysts)

4.) Nucleic Acids: Store DNA/RNA/Genetic Information

1.) Water: able to dissolve many substances because it is

polar_Has a high heat capacity

2.) Minerals: Help the body function in many ways

-Potassium, sodium, iron, and magnesium are all examples

5.) Vitamins: Help the body functionin many ways

-A, C, D, and E are all examples

Water has a pH of 7. Anything below 7 is considered a ___________. Anything above 7 is considered a ________________

(n) acid

base

Cell Types Include

Examples Include:

All cells have:

Bacteria

Which NEVER Have:

2 major types we studied are:

And often DO have:

Which have chloroplasts and a cell wall

Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes

-cell membrane-ribosomes-cytoplasm-DNA

-nucleus-complex organelles

-flagella-pseudopodia-cillia

PlantAnimal

Which ORGANELLE does each picture make you think of?

1.) A brick wall is like the. . .because. . .

2.) An assembly line is like the. . .because. . .

3.) A solar panel is like the. . . because. . .

4.) A trash can is like the. . .because. . .

5.) A power plant is like the. . .because. . .

6.) A bouncer is like the. . .because. . .

cell wall -- rigid barrier around plant cells

ER -- transports proteins made by cell

chloroplasts -- takes in sunlight and converts it to glucose (energy)

Lysosome -- it breaks down waste for the cell

mitochondria -- powerhouse where ATPis made

cell membrane - it is selectively permeable

Photosynthesis

Organisms who perform it:

Both Processes Occur In:

The relationship between the two

processes is:

Organelle where it occurs:

Uses:

Releases:

Organisms who perform it:

Organelle where it occurs:

Cellular Respiration

Uses:

Releases:

Anaerobic resp produces (less/more) ATP because it does not use ________

(Aerobic Respiration)

Chemosynthesis is different. Write its equation:

plants/autotrophs/producers

chloroplasts

carbon dioxide,water, andsunlight

glucose and oxygen

autotrophs and heterotrophs (producers and consumers)

mitochondria

glucose andoxygen

carbon dioxide,water, and ATP

plants/autotrophs/producers

the products of one process are the reactants of the other process

happens only in complete darkness by chemotrophs

water + inorganic compounds + carbon dioxide --> oxygen and glucose oxygen

Two Major Categories of Cell Transport

DiffusionOsmosis

FacilitatedDiffusion

Concentration Gradient

(Against)(With)

Movement of _particles_ across the cellmembrane

Examples include:food coloring in beakers, salt and sugar movement in cells

Movement of water across the cellmembrane

Concentration Gradient

--Requires _____ created by mitochondria as its source of energy

--Moves substances from ______ to ______ concentration

hypertonic solutions cause cells to shrink because water leaves the cell

hypotonic solutions cause cells to swell because water enters the cell

isotonic solutions have reached equilibrium with the cell

Active

Passive

Think "AAA" - Active Transport is Against the Gradient and requires ATP

low high