Reversing Viewpoints
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Transcript of Reversing Viewpoints
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Reversing ViewpointsVideotape and the Attribution Process:
Reversing Actors’ and Observers’ Points of View
Katie Harnish
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Outline• Background• Methods• Results• Discussion• Questions• Reference
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Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE)
• “The tendency to assume other people’s actions are caused by their personal, individual qualities rather than external, situational forces” (Ross, 1977).
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Background• Individuals (Actors) seem to articulate
potential causes and reasoning behind their own behavior through increased emphasis on external cues (Situational Factors).
• Outsiders (Observers) often consider more internal cues dispositional factors versus situational when explaining others’ behavior.
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Contributing Factors• Differences in actors’ and observers’
points of view:• Availability of information about
external surroundings, behavior, and contexts
• Processing of information
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Purpose of Study• Can actor’s and observers’ points of
view be reversed through changing visual orientation?
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Methods• Overview of Experimental Procedure:
• Interpersonal Conversations-”Getting Acquainted”• Videotape Replays
• Actor-Same Orientation• Observer-Same Orientation• Actor-New Orientation• Observer-New Orientation• Control Group (No videotape replay)
• Post Questionnaire
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Methods cont’d.• 120 Participants-30 groups of 4 people • Measures: Personality Characteristics
Situational Characteristics
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Results• Visual orientation is key when actors and/or
observers are interpreting behaviors.• No significant differences between
perceived level of behavior and differences in attributions (situational, dispositional)
• Significant differences in the correlation between role (actor/observer) and videotape orientation.
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Results cont’d.
• Actors attributed relatively more to situational causes than did observers (control and same orientation group)
• Actors attributed relatively more to dispositional than observers (new orientation group).
• For the questionnaire: dominance was difficult to assess for subjects (observers, self)
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Discussion Question• What are some possible implications
from the results of this study?
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Reference• Storms, M. D. (1973). Videotape and the
Attribution process: Reversing actors' and Observers' points of view. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 27, 165-175.