Respiratory distress in adults and paediatrics
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Respiratory distress in adults and paediatrics
Presented byMwadziwana Louis law
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Recession, sub costal, intercostal, suprasternal and supraclavicular
• Areas sucked inward during inspiration, due to pressure changes and lack of thoracic stability
Increased respiratory rate (tachypnoea) greater than 60bpm
• Shallow rapid breathing• Aim is to increase the minute ventilation
Head bobbing• Attempt to use accessory respiratory muscles but unable to fix
Nasal flare• Dilatation of the nostrils using the dilatores naris muscle• Primitive way to entrain more air
Respiratory distress in paediatrics
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Nasal flare
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Expiratory granting(auto PEEP)• Trying to increase intrinsic PEEP and reduce work of breathing• Aim is to increase Functional Residual Capacity
See sawing • forceful contraction of the diaphragm, causes abdomen to pushed out and generates massive negative pressure in thorax, sucking chest wall in.
Apnoea• Chid is fatiguing and requires urgent respiratory support and stimulation
Respiratory distress continued
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Grunting
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Wheezing• A tight, whistling or musical sound heard with each breath may indicate that the air passages may be smaller (tighter), making it harder to breathe.
Cyanosis, especially central cyanosis (lips and tongueStridor
• Obstruction of upper airways
Respiratory Distress continued
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Cyanosis
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Child in Respiratory Distress
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Tachypnoea respiratory • Respiratory rate greater than 20bpm
Nasal flaring GruntingDyspnoea and use of accessory muscles to breathRecessions, subcostal, intercostal, suprasternal and supraclavicularStridorwheezing
Respiratory distress in adults
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Central cyanosis
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Respiratory distress
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Berverly Harden at al, Respiratory Physiotherapy, 2009, Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia.http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/http://www.livestrong.com/article/501075-signs-symptoms-of-respiratory-distress-in-infants/
References