RESEARCH PROBLEM.pptx

7/29/2019 RESEARCH PROBLEM.pptx

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MEANING AND OBJCTIVES OF

RESEARCH PROBLEM


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Why define the Research Problem?

Defining your destination before beginning a

journey.

It determines,

what you will do,

will it withstand scientific scrutiny,

how you will do it, and

what you may achieve


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How is a research problem selected?

Researchers interest in a topic

National or agency priorities

Urgency of an issue

Availability of research funds

Availability of supervision


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Steps in defining research problems

Identify a broad topic

Identify a narrow topic within the broad topic

Raise questions

Formulate objectives Use action-oriented words - To demonstrate; To

evaluate; To measure


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Identifying Broad Topics

Think of the BIG PICTURE

What is the problem you are trying to solve?

Think of something you like to learn more about

Consult text books, journal or your supervisor

Pick one based on:

Interest and relevance

Magnitude of work involved

Level of expertise

yours and your advisors


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Examples of Broad Topics

Optimizing productivity of land and water

resources

Ensuring Food Safety & Security

Sustaining Agricultural & Marine Environments


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From Broad Topic to Narrow Topic

Examples of a narrow topic:

Liver disease in Goat

Greenhouse Agriculture

Milk Quality

Greywater reuse potential in Oman

When selecting a narrow topic think how it

can contribute towards solving the BIG

PROBLEM!


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1/26/2013 Research Proposal Development 8

Problem Tree Keep asking Why?

Food Insecurity

Low Labor

Productivity

Low Land

Productivity

Unskilled Labor

Water Scarcity

Unsuitable Crops

Poor Soil

Inefficient Irrigation

Lack of crop varieties

adapted to climate

Inefficient Water harvestingUnsuitable Climate

Farming Patterns do not

Return nutrients

Farmers cant afford fertilizers

Farmers unaware of

best practices


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THANK YOU


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Organisation Behaviour

The stellar universe is not so difficult

of comprehension as the real actionsof other people.Marcel Proust.

Book Reference: Organisational

behaviour, 13th edition, Robins, Judge and

Sanghi ;Publ: Pearson


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Learning Objectives

Demonstrate the important interpersonal skills in theworkplace.

Describe managers functions, roles and skills.

Define Organisational Behaviour.

Show the value to OB of systematic study.

Identify the major behavioural science that contributeto OB.

Demonstrate why there are few absolutes in OB.

Identify the challenges and opportunities mangershave in applying OB concepts.

Developing an OB model


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Importance of Interpersonal Skills

Till 1980s behavioural science was not the part ofcurricula because technical aspect ofmanagement was given more importance.

But in last two decades business faculty given theimportancebecause leadership andcommunication skills come to the foreoutweighing technical and quantitative skills.

Interpersonal skills are essential for managers to

hire and maintain high performing employees. Technical skills are necessary for managers but

people skills are unavoidable for success.


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Companies with good reputation as

workplaces

Starbucks, Adobe systems. Cisco, Whole foods, AmericanExpress, Goldman Sachs, Pfizer, and Marriot.

In India as per Business Todays survey- Microsoft, Johnson andJohnson, Accenture, Dr. Reddys Lab, Marriott Hotels India,

Godrej consumer etc.Companies need to build elements ofautonomy, challenge and

scope of innovation into their job for having a truly engagedworkforce.

Task1 : Bring some articles from The Hindu Opportunities orsome related case studies from other sources.


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What Mangers Do?

They get things done through other people.

They make decisions, allocate resources, and

direct the activities of others to attain goals.

Managers do their work in an organisation,

which is a consciously coordinated social unit,

composed of two or more people, that

functions on a relatively continuous basis toachieve a common goal or set of goals.


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Management Functions

Planning

Organizing

Leading

Controlling


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Mintzbergs managerial roles

Interpersonal

o Figurehead

o Leader

o Liason

Informational

o Monitor

o Disseminator

o Spokesperson

Decisional

o Entrepreneuro Disturbance handler

o Resource allocater

o Negotiator


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Activities performed by managers

Technical Management

Communication

Human Resource management

Networking


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Allocation of activities by Time

Networki

ng

19%

Tradition

al

manage

ment32%

Commun

ication

29%

Human

resource

mangem

ent

20%

Average Managers

Networki

ng

48%

Tradition

al

managem

ent

13%

Communi

cation

28%

Human

resource

mangem

ent

11%0%

Successful Managers

Networking

11%

Traditional

management

19%

Communicati

on

44%

Human

resource

mangement

26%

Effective Managers


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Definional Organisational Behaviour

OB is a feild of study that investigates the

impact that individuals, groups, structures

have on behaviour within an organisation for

the purpose of applying such knowledgetowards improving an organisation

effectiveness.


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Complementing Intuition with

systematic study

Behaviour is generally predictable, and systematic

study of behaviour is a means to making

reasonably accurate predictions.

Systematic study mean looking at relationship,attempting to attribute cause and effects and

basing our conclusions on scientific evidence.

Evidence

based management (EBM) involvesbasing managerial decisions on the best available

scientific evidence.


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Disciplines that contribute to OB feild

Psychology- is the science that seeks tomeasure, explain, and sometimes change thebehaviour of humans and other animals.

Sociology- studies people in relation to theirenvironment and culture.

Social Psychology- It focuses on peoples

influences on one another. Anthropology- is the study of society to learn

about human beings and their activities.


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AnthropologyPeople Vs People

Sociology - Peoplevs environment and

culture

Socio-psychologyIndividual Vs

People

Psychology-Individuals - Mind


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Why there are few absolutes in OB?

Two people often act very differently in the

same situation and the same persons

behaviour changes in different situations.


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Challenges and Opportunities

Responding to Globalisation

Increased foreign assignments

Working with people from different cultures

Coping with anticapitalism backlash


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Developing OB model

Three stages:

Individual level

Group level

Organisational level


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Depended variables

Productivity

Absence

Turnover

Deviant workplace behaviour

Citizenship

Satisfaction


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Activities to do:

Get the text book from MIM library

Study the topics given above

Answer the questions at the end of thechapter

Collect newspaper articles related OB (eg:

Opportunity page every Wednesdays on The

Hindu)

Read the abstract of research article.

RESEARCH PROBLEM.pptx

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