COMPARATIVE ARCHETICTURE TOUGHT

AR 321

Supervised by :

DR. FAROOQ MOFTI ARCH AHMAD FALATAH

Final research:

ARCHETICT REIMA PIETILA

Designed by:

SULTAN ALHARTHI

0910163

Reima Pietila was born in Turku, Finland in 25 August 1923. He worked for the city of Helsinki for a short time before winning the 1957 competition for the Finnish Pavilion at the Brussels World Fair. In 1960 he set up a practice with his wife, Raili Pietila.

Distancing himself from the more rational studies of his Finnish contemporaries, Pietila concentrated on an exploration of the "form of form". This led to a series of complex, impressionistic, free-form designs.

Husband-and-wife designers Raili and Reima Pietilä forged their own path through modernism. Reima

, just a year 1953qualified as an architect in had breakthrough completed the Aalto after

Le , and two before Town Hall Säynätsalon Eero. Notre Dame du Hautwould unveil Corbusier

Auditorium KresgeMIT’s began designing Saarinenat about the same time. Coming of age when even modernist masters were searching for an alternative to rigid functionalism, Reima Pietilä quickly began experimenting with unique mathematical models and expressionistic shapes in his paintings. In architecture, his research yielded the Finnish Pavilion for Expo ’58 in Brussels, and like Notre Dame du Haut, the 1961 design for the Dipoli student-union building, in Espoo, Finland, has an organic, sculptural quality.

A professor of Architecture at Oulu University between 1973 and 1979, Pietila ceased teaching to concentrate on design. Pietila represents a clear lineage from Alvar Aalto and Lars Sonck yet he diverged to produce a regionally relevant architecture of international significance.

Pietila's theoretic isolation from architects within Finland, led him to work abroad. Much of this international work influenced his later Finnish projects. Always questioning the relationship between architectural theory and practice, Pietila established a discipline for his development of form.

PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

1956–1958 Finnish pavilion at the Brussels World's Fair

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PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

1959–1966 The Kaleva Church in Tampere

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Haiku

"Such weighty

pillars

Create unfillable

void,

Dwarfing those

who kneel"

PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

student assembly Dipoli 1966–1961building in Otaniemi, Espoo

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Architect: Reima Pietila Location: Otaniemi, Finland Date: 1966 Building Type: conference center, student center Construction System: concrete and copper sheathing Climate: cold Context: suburban campus Style: Expressionist Modern Notes: Curved organic shapes, geomorphic

Dipoli Conference Center

"Dipoli, undoubtedly the Pietilas' best known work, with its huge boulders, copper-sheathed walls and concrete roof, reads as a primeval

shelter and and the primal cave." — William Morgan, in Randall J. Van Vunckt

huge boulders

copper-sheathed walls

Otaniemi is the leading technology hub in the Nordic countries, featuring a

unique mix of top-level research organizations, academic institutions and

technology businesses. Located within the Helsinki metropolitan area,

Otaniemi is a community of over 25,000 people that includes 15,000 students of

the Helsinki University of Technology and 10,000 technology professionals. The

EU Commission has nominated Otaniemi twice as one of the most innovative

regions in Europe.

The corporate headquarters of companies such as Nokia, Kone and Fortum are

within a walking distance from Otaniemi, and other major technology

companies such as HP,

PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

1962–1982 Suvikumpu residential area Espoo Tapiola in

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Project Suvikumpu/Suvituuli

Architect Pietilä, Raili & Reima

City Tapiola (Helsinki)

Country Finland

Address Suvikummunrinne, Suvikummuntie

BuildingType Clustered low-rise Slab, point-access

Number of Dwellings NA

Date Built 9/1962 - 2/1981

Dwelling Types 2 br. flats, several dif. types

No. Floors 2

Section Type flats

Exterior Finish Materials

painted concrete, stucco, wood siding & trim, wood windows

Construction Type R-C frame

Ancillary Services shopping center, in-building storage

Suvikumpu is one of the Tapiola residential neighborhoods south and west of Tapiola Center. The rolling, wooded landscape of Suvikumpu is punctuated by a small, rocky hill which was part of a series of fortified positions left from World War II. Pietilä won a competition for this site in 1962 and the complex which we see today was built in three distinct phases over the next twenty years. While the program, building technology and use of materials evolved during this time, the original site and building strategies were consistently followed resulting in a very unified complex. The idea of an ell-shaped group of buildings to frame the hill along the north side of the site, another group extending perpendicular to the hill along the lower space of the site to the south, and a third group of communal spaces marking the intersection of the two groups on the west is clearly evident both in the competition model and in the completed project. The original design included housing for about 500 people but space for only about 300 was actually built in the first phase of construction between 1964 and 1969. Another 32 dwellings were built in the second phase between 1981-82. The third phase included the small shopping center, flower shop and several apartments and was built in 1983.

PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

1963–1985 Finnish embassy in New Delhi India

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The Embassy’s design ideas focus on the roof shapes which create a sculptural site layout seen from the air. The architects thought back to the shapes of Lake Kitkajärvi in Northern Finland, where the ice age combed the rock into parallel furrows and hills, and where glaciers created lakes, serpentine peninsulas and islands. The irregularly cut roof eaves resemble the snow sculptures that are formed in the winter ice around the Gulf of Finland.

This is the very bond between Finland and India in the Embassy’s architecture. The “art of winter” works in a stunningly same way on Himalayan ridges as it does in Nordic latitudes. Often said to be among the most beautiful ones in Delhi, the Embassy compound comprises the Ambassador’s residence , the chancery, the staff apartments, and a Finnish sauna.

PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

1973–1975 the sauna at Hvitträsk in Kirkkonummi

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Hvitträsk was designed to be a studio home for the members of the Finnish architecture firm Gesellius, Lindgren, and Saarinen. It later became the private residence of Eliel Saarinen. It is located about 30 kilometers (19 mi) west of Helsinki in Kirkkonummi, Finland. The design was developed and construction began during the year of 1902. The house was named after Lake Vitträsk, on which it was built. [H]vitträsk literally means White Lake.

PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

1973–1982 Sief Palace Area Buildings in Kuwait City, Kuwait

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Seif Palace (Arabic, السيفقصر )is a palace in Kuwait City, Kuwait. Located opposite the Grand Mosque, one of Seif Palace’s best-known features is the watch tower, covered in blue tiles and with a roof

materials Local [.gold plated in puresuch as clay, rocks, limestone, wood and metals were used in its construction. The tower of the Seif Palace received a direct hit from an incoming missile during the first Gulf War (1990-91) which destroyed the dial room. Smith of Derby Group replaced the iconic clock, and were the only non-US company to be awarded a contract in this reconstructive period.

PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

1978–1986 Metso, city of Tampere main librar

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It is an eye-catching landmark, placed in the core of the city named Metso , because from a birdas eye

perspective the buildings look like a bird carrying a shield. This distinctive and memorable building contains more than 1.5 million books, 91,000 recordings, eminent documents, and maps. Thousands of visitors enjoy visiting here each day. The lower floor of the building is home to the City’s Mineral Museum, Moomin Valley, and European information service of Pirkanmaa, while upstairs one can find the library itself, along with a popular coffee shop and visiting exhibition.

PIETILA’S Significant buildings:

1984–1993 Mäntyniemi, Residence of the Finnish president in Helsinki

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During the 1960s the Finnish architects Raili (born 1926) and Reima (1923-

highly original for their gained international attention Pietilä) 1993

modern to new organic approach . Which represented a architecture

, in a period that was otherwise dominated by standardized architecture

modular architecture.

focused very much on the relation to Their poetic and expressive architecture

, together with an inherent the actual site and specific surroundings

appreciation of a sensory and phenomenological experience of architecture.

Reima Pietilä as an articulate architectural theorist and inspirational teacher,

saw great potential in the use of languageas an instrument for understanding

architectural problems.

Reima Pietilä died in 1993. Raili Pietilä and their daughter, the architect

and drawings 000 ,30the office’s archive of circa donated, Pietilä Annukka

other material to the Museum of Finnish Architecture in 2002.

Raili and Reima Pietilä

Thank You