Rebalancing NextGen to Transform the National Airspace System 08152013

Re-balancing NextGen to Transform the

National Airspace System

Ron StroupChief Systems EngineerFederal Aviation AdministrationNAS Implementation Harmonization, [email protected] 385-6721 August 15, 2013

Facilitating the evolution of ideas to operations

The concepts presented here are those of the author and have not been established in formalized policy. These views do not represent the official position of the FAA.

NextGen Challenges are not new

In the early days of High Definition (HD) television, if a consumer wanted an HD experience, he or she went out and bought an HD TV and cables. There was a noticeable improvement in image resolution relative to older models, but it was not as great as advertisers claimed. To get the full HD experience, one needs an HD receiver, an HD transmission from a local service provider, and the original programming available in HD (The HD Ecosystem).

The transformation to NextGen is analogous to the HD transformation; there are services and capabilities across the airborne, airspace, air traffic and airport domains enables by technologies, procedures, policies and systems that must be incorporated into the broader air transportation system to enable benefits.

To experience the full benefits of NextGen, all stakeholders (i.e., operators, airframe and avionics manufacturers, the Air Navigation Service Provider, and airport operators and users) need to be involved in the planning, development, and implementation phases of this transformation


Airports

ATC

Cross-Cutting Factors

• Environmental

• Safety

• Information Security

• Economic

• International

• Regulation

Private Sector

FAA (USG)

Local entities

Legend: Equity

Airspace

Aircraft

D

o

m

a

i

n

Enablers

• People

• Procedures

• Technology

• Data/Information

• Policy

NextGen Operations

Understanding the NAS EcosystemMeasurable

Benefits


Where Success Occurs

Success only

occurs here.

ANSPInfrastructure

AirplaneCapabilities

Airports Infrastructure

• There are four key questions: – Where does the air transportation

community want to go?

– What is needed to achieve the NextGen vision?

– What is there to leverage today?

– How best can NextGen capabilities be implemented?


Where does the Air Transportation Community want to Go?

Operational Stakeholders

Stakeholders Needs

Shared Philosophy

Stakeholder Outcomes

Airborne AirportsAir Traffic

Customer Service

System Capacity

Operational Efficiency

Better Schedule Reliability

Improved System and Airport Flow Management

Apply Preferred Trajectories Operations

Implement Mixed Performance Management (BEBS)

Reduce System Uncertainty

Maximize the total value of the NAS by exploiting stakeholder synergies to optimize the performance of the shared environment for both the “transition period” and “future state”.

Low Visibility Taxi, Takeoff, Landing

RNAV/RNP Approaches

RNAV Routes

RNAV SIDS & STAR’s

Sequencing, Merging, Spacing

CSPO Arrivals & Departures

System Safety

Improve System Safety

OPD’s


What is needed to achieve the NextGen Vision?

Strategy: Leverage existing capabilities to support user-defined NextGen operations to enable users to accrue benefits today, while providing a systemic pathway to transform the NAS and capture greater benefits tomorrow

Ideas to Operations Analysis:1) Define terms for common reference, then conducting an assessment of the

operations NAS users identified during outreach activities.2) Evaluated each operational instantiation to define the trade space for each

operation, for the purpose of identifying opportunities to leverage existing equipage and emerging technologies.

3) Map the operations to supporting domain capabilities and enabling elements.4) Conducted a gap analysis to compare what we have with what we need with

regard to equipment, capabilities, technologies, procedures, regulations and training


What is there too Leverage Today?

The Gap Analysis allowed us to bucket the user-defined operations with evolving suites of technologies.

We were able to then develop domain (airborne, air traffic, and airport readiness sheets to begin to identify opportunities to leverage existing capabilities while deriving a pathway for the future

The next set of slides represents the domain readiness profile.


Legend Meaning

Fully Configured with Enablers

Partially Configured with Enablers

Not Configured with Enablers

8

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OPERATIONAL TIMEFRAME LEGACY NEAR EMERGING ADVANCED

NextGen Operations vs NSIP Readiness

Master DRAFT Ver 1.0

Updated: 8/6/2012

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Capability LevelOperational Improvements (OI's)CATM - 105208 - TMI with flight specific trajectories

CATM - 105302 - Continuous Flight Day Evaluaton

CATM - 101102 - Full Flight Plan Constraint Evaluation with Feedback

CATM - 108212 - Management of Special Activity Airspace

CATM - 103305 - On-Demand NAS Information

CATM - 105207 - Full Collaborative Decision Making

CATM / HD- 104208 - Enhanced Departure Flow Operations

FLEX - 102406 - Full Surface Situation Information

FLEX - 103207 - Runway Safety Situational Awareness for Controllers

FLEX - 103208 - Runway Safety Situational Awareness for Pilots

FLEX - 104207 - Enhanced Surface Traffic Operations

FLEX - 102140 - Wake Turbulence for Departures

FLEX - 104124 - Optimized Profile Descent

FLEX - 107107 - Ground-Based Augmentation Sys Precision Approaches

FLEX - 107117 - Low Visibility/Ceiling Approach Operations

FLEX - 107118 - Low Visibility/Ceiling Landing Operations

FLEX - 107119 - Expanded Low Vis using Lower RVR Minima

FLEX - 102154 - Wake Re-categorization

FLEX - 107202 - Low Visibility Surface Operations

FLEX - 102144 - Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Arrivals CSPR's

FLEX - 107115 - Low Visibility/Ceiling Takeoff Operations

HD - 104209 - Initial Surface Traffic Management

HD - 104123 - Time Based Metering using RNAV/RNP Route Assignments

HD - 104117 - Management of Arrival/Surface/Departure Flow Operations

HD - 102141 - Parallel Runway Operations

HD - 104122 - Integrated Arrival/Departure Airspace Management

HD - 104128 - Time-Based Metering in Terminal Environment

TBO - 104120 - Point in Space Metering

TBO - 108209 - Increase Capacity/Efficiency using RNAV/RNP

TBO - 102137 - Automation Support for Separation Management

TBO - 102108 - Oceanic In-Trail Climb and Descent

TBO - 104102 - Flexible Entry Time for Oceanic Tracks

TBO - 102114 - Initial Conflict Resolution Advisory

TBO - 102118 - Delegated Responsibility for In-Trail Separation

TBO - 108206 - Flexible Airspace Management

WX - 103119 - Integration of WX into Automation and Decision-Making

WX - 103116 - Improved WX Information from non-ground based sensors

SSE - 109302 - Operational Security Capability

FAC - 109402 - Remotely Staffed Tower Services

FAC - 109405 - Business Continuity Services

104115 - Tactical Management of Flow in the Enroute Arrival/Departures

107103 - RNAV SIDs/STARs and Approaches

Legend

Capability implemeneted (Minimum Requirement)

Capability Planned Near and Mid-term (Minimum Requirement)

Capability under analysis (Minimum Requirement)

Legacy:

Comm: Voice Radios Comm:Voice Radios Comm: Voice Comm: Voice, DC Seg 1-2 (ATN)

Automation: HOST, ERAM (Optional), STARS, ARTS, MICROEARTS Automation: HOST/ERAM (Optional), TMA, Automation: ERAM P3, TAMR P3, Automation: ENROUTE/TERM AUTOMATION

STARS, ARTS II/IIIE, CATM WP 3/4, NG FAR TERM WP

MICROEARTS

Nav: GNSS,WAAS, DME, ILS Nav: GNSS, WAAS Nav: GNSS, WAAS, LAAS, DME, ILS

Surv: ASDE-X (Optional), ASR 4/8/9/11, PRM Surv: ASR 4/8/9/11, PRM, ASDE-X Surv: ASR 4/8/9/11, PRM-A(MLAT) Surv: ASR 4/8/9/11, PRM-A(MLAT)

TIS-B (Optional) ASDE-X, TIS-B ASDE-X, TIS-B

Safety: MSAW, Conflict Alert, RWSL (Optional) Safety: MSAW, Conflict Alert, RWSL (Opt) Safety: MSAW, RWSL, Safety: RWSL, Integrated Safety Systems

RWSL(Optional)

Near Term Emerging Advanced

Capability Level

Notes: The NSIP Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie OI Increments were mapped to NextGen Operations based on Required Functions to support the Operations. The OI increments were then assessed to

determine if the planned capability is an Enhanced Functions vs. Required Functions for the NextGen Operations. Highlighted Boxes indicate the timeframe for delivery of a NextGen Capability linked to

the NextGen Operations.

Capability Required for Operations

TBFM WP3

Nav: GNSS, WAAS, LAAS, ILS

Enhanced Safety Systems


10

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How Best can NextGen Capabilities be implemented?

� Focus efforts on those operations that can be realized in the near to Mid-Term (Legacy and Near-Term) to provide benefits to operators- incentivizing capability maturity.� Prioritize delivery of Legacy and Near-term PBN-based operations at core locations. Supports legacy and emerging equipage.� Procedures, Airspace and technology need to be developed in a collaborative manner with full consideration of stakeholders needs (Operators/ Air Traffic/ Airports, etc.)� Plan priority delivery of OI Increments that support Legacy and Near-Term Operations� Defer initiatives that are high risk with low equipage projections and readiness (Far-Term Operations)� Identify Key Research to mature Far-Term Operations.


NextGen Stakeholder Trends

• Airlines have moved from an increasing market-share to a maximizing profit strategy and remain focused on reducing operating costs.

• Stakeholder reluctance to invest – uncertainty - due to rising fuel prices, emissions regulations, availability of mature technology. Industry is targeting investments with minimal dependency on other stakeholders efforts:

• OEM’s designing and building aircraft with composites that are more fuel efficient, environmentally friendly and move D-checks from every 6 yrs. to 10/12 yrs.

• Terminal upgrades, introduction of passenger entertainment (wi-fi), upgrading of overhead bins to improve customers flying experience (CY12 - $870M)

• Incorporation of blended-wing and wing-lets designs to improve fuel efficiency by 20%.• Rulemaking for runway safety zones and ICAO Emissions Framework will likely drive investments prioritization.

• Airport privatization appears to be evolving. The trend the past couple of decades has been taking on more service contracts, management contracts, and “finance-build-operate-transfer”. This will put even more pressure successfully executing a collaborative approach to NextGen as the airport business case will move away state and local set of criteria to pure privatization criteria.

• Airlines will find satellite-based in-flight entertainment appealing because they are increasingly seeking other revenue sources that will require more broadband bandwidth, including streaming videos, online shopping, booking hotels and local destination coupons. This is a potential opportunity to develop an overall NextGen information exchange concept to share much needed data/information to support emerging and advanced NextGen capabilities.

• SESAR Master Plan which was supposed to be up a running in 2020, now has a revised date of 2030. Consolidation of Functional Airspace Blocks has not been completed. The EU has announce a revised plan dubbed SESII+. Technology is devolving from the center to the edge, services are being re-validated and allocated between central and regional control as Europe recognizes technology as an enabler of capabilities to support user services and needs.


Deriving a Pathway Forward

• Optimize Concept – Operations centric vs capability - and technology-centric

• Define NextGen functional requirements vs improvement statements

• Across Air Transportation Ecosystem

• Leverage R&D partnerships to

mature capabilities towards vision

Vision Thread

Strategic Planning Thread

• Right size – Define Latent, Development, R&D Buckets

• Allocate Requirements

TomorrowExecution Thread: Today

• ERAM: Baseline Stabilized

• PBN: Optimize Procedures

• TBFM: Baseline Stabilized

• TAMR: Common Baseline

• Facilitate implementation of operations

at locations enabled by a suite of

capabilities across the air

transportation domainsOperations


Acronyms• ANSP – Air Navigation Service Provider (Air Traffic)• ATC– Air Traffic Control• CSPO – Closely Space Parallel runway Operations• Data Comm - NextGen Data Communication• DOD – Department of Defense• ERAM – En Route Automation Modernization• FAA – Federal Aviation Administration• ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization• NAS – National Airspace System• NextGen – Next Generation Air Transportation System• OI – Operational Improvement• OPD – Optimized Profile Descent• PBN – Performance Based Navigation• RNAV/RNP – Area Navigation/Required Navigation Performance• SID – Standard Instrument Departure • STARS – Standard Terminal Arrival Route• SWIM - System Wide Information Management• TAMR – Terminal Automation Modernization Replacement • TBFM – Trajectory-Based Flow Management


Rebalancing NextGen to Transform the National Airspace System 08152013

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