RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways...

39
RAIL

Transcript of RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways...

Page 1: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

RAIL

Page 2: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian
Page 3: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian
Page 4: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

You will find detailed information on JFE's

railroad rails in this catalog, including technical

and dimensional data. This information should

help you select the rails best suited to your

specific needs. JFE Rails are produced in the

shape mill at our West Japan Works. Their high

quality reflects the superior manufacturing

processes and quality control systems that we

have developed during more than nine decades

of steelmaking.

The rails' super-clean materials are produced

with a combination of desulfurizing, degassing

and continuous casting processes for improving

Page 5: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

contact fatigue properties. And their quality is

assured by the rigorous controls of UST, ECT

and other systems.

Along with the super-clean standard carbon

rails, our head-hardened rails, JFE-SP and JFE-

THH, which are produced by our advanced on-

line heat treatment technologies, enjoy

favorable reception from worldwide heavy-haul

customers.

JFE rail manufacturing meets the specifications

of JIS, AREMA, UIC, BS, GB and other

internationally recognized standards.

We hope this information is helpful, and we

look forward to serving you.

Page 6: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Blast furnace

Desulphurizing Basic oxygen furnace Vacuum degassing

Reheat

Hot saw

On-line heat-treatment equipment Hot stamperHot saw

Roller straightener

Hot stamper

Preliminary inspection

Eddy current testing machine

On-line testing

On-line inspection

Page 7: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Torch cutting

Cooling Inspection (conditioning)

Storing

Breakdown mill(BD)

Roughing mill(R1)

ting furnace

Intermediate rolling mill(R2) Finishing mill(F)

Sawing and drilling machine Gag press

Surface flatness measuring device

Inspection

Marking and bundling

Marking

Finished products

Cooling bed

Continuous casting

ultra-sonic machine

Page 8: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

BDBLoomR1

Forming sequence Continuous casting bloom

Vacuum degassing

RH Type

Vacuum vessel

Droplet

Molten

Alloy element

Ar

Evacuator

Gaseous phase

steelLadle

Page 9: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

R2 F

Rail rolling

Online heat-treatment equipment

Page 10: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

C

B

E

A

G

D

R

F

37

40

50

60

115

132

133

136

136

136

141

54

60

70

75

80

90

100

43

50

60

65

kg

kgN

kgN

kg

lbs

lbs

lbs

lbs-4

lbs-8

lbs-10

lbs

kg

kg

lbsA

lbsR

lbsA

lbsA

lbsA

kg

kg

kg

kg

Japanese Industrial Standards JIS E 1101 2001

Specifications A

mm in.

B

mm in.

C

mm in.

D

mm in.

E

mm in.

F

mm

Dimensions

122.24

140.00

153.00

174.00

(168.28)

(180.98)

(179.39)

(186.53)

(185.74)

(185.74)

(188.91)

159.00

172.00

123.82

128.59

133.35

142.88

152.40

140.00

152.00

176.00

180.00

122.24

122.00

127.00

145.00

(139.70)

(152.40)

(152.40)

(152.40)

(152.40)

(152.40)

(152.40)

140.00

150.00

111.12

122.24

117.47

127.00

133.35

114.00

132.00

150.00

150.00

62.71

64.00

65.00

65.00

(69.06)

(76.20)

(76.20)

(74.61)

(74.61)

(74.61)

(77.79)

72.20

74.30

60.32

61.91

63.50

66.67

71.92

70.00

70.00

73.00

75.00

13.49

14.00

15.00

16.50

(15.88)

(16.67)

(17.46)

(17.46)

(17.46)

(17.46)

(17.46)

16.00

16.50

12.30

13.10

13.10

13.89

15.08

14.50

15.50

16.50

18.00

36.12

41.00

49.00

49.00

(42.86)

(44.45)

(49.21)

(50.01)

(49.21)

(49.21)

(54.77)

49.40

51.00

39.69

39.69

42.47

46.04

48.82

42.00

42.00

48.50

45.00

21.43

25.50

30.00

30.10

(28.58)

(30.16)

(30.16)

(30.16)

(30.16)

(30.16)

(30.16)

30.20

31.50

23.02

18.65

25.00

26.19

27.38

27.00

27.00

30.50

30.00

(4-13/16)

(5-33/64)

(6-1/32)

(6-27/32)

6-5/8

7-1/8

7-1/16

7-11/32

7-5/16

7-5/16

7-7/16

(6-17/64)

(6-49/64)

4-7/8

5-1/16

5-1/4

5-5/8

(5-33/64)

(5-63/64)

(6-59/64)

(7-3/32)

(4-13/16)

(4-51/64)

(5)

(5-45/64)

5-1/2

(5-33/64)

(5-29/32)

4-3/8

4-13/16

4-5/8

5-1/4

(4-31/64)

(5-13/64)

(5-29/32)

(5-29/32)

(2-15/32)

(2-33/64)

(2-9/16)

(2-9/16)

2-23/32

2-15/16

2-15/16

2-15/16

3-1/16

(2-27/32)

(2-59/64)

2-3/8

2-7/16

2-1/2

2-5/8

2-10/12

(2-3/4)

(2-3/4)

(2-7/8)

(2-61/64)

(1-27/64)

(1-39/64)

(1-59/64)

(1-59/64)

1-11/16

1-3/4

1-15/16

1-31/32

1-15/16

1-15/16

(2-5/32)

(1-15/16)

(2-1/64)

1-9/16

1-9/16

1-43/64

1-13/16

1-59/64

(1-21/32)

(1-21/32)

(1-29/32)

(1-49/64)

(17/32)

(35/64)

(19/32)

(21/32)

5/8

21/32

11/16

11/16

11/16

11/16

11/16

(5/8)

(21/32)

31/64

33/64

33/64

35/64

19/32

(37/64)

(39/64)

(21/32)

(45/64)

Ameriican Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association AREMA 2002 Chapter 4, Rail

International Union of Railways UIC 1986

British Standards BS 11 1985

Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81

Russian Standards GOSTNote:1.

2.●denotes sections manufactured by JFE. Requirements for dimensions and types other than those listed above are met subject to negotiation.

Page 11: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

in.

G

mm in.

R

mm in.

S

cm2 in.2I

cm4 in.4ZxHead BaseSection modulusMoment of

inertiaCross sectional

area Weight

cm3 in.3Zx

cm3 in.3W

kg/m 1bs/Y

53.78

70.00

76.00

77.50

(82.55)

(98.42)

(95.25)

(98.43)

(98.43)

(98.42)

(98.43)

76.20

80.95

61.91

53.98

66.67

71.44

76.20

62.50

68.50

79.00

82.50

47.30

52.00

64.20

77.50

(72.58)

(83.29)

(84.32)

(86.13)

(85.98)

(85.98)

(89.01)

69.34

76.86

44.34

47.19

50.65

57.45

63.93

57.00

65.80

77.45

82.65

37.2

40.9

50.4

60.8

(56.90)

(65.33)

(66.17)

(67.56)

(67.36)

(67.36)

(69.79)

54.43

60.34

34.81

37.04

39.76

45.10

50.18

44.65

51.51

60.64

64.72

149

186

242

321

(297)

(367)

(365)

(392)

(388)

(388)

(398)

279.2

335.5

145.74

159.09

177.46

214.83

252.42

208.3

251.3

339.4

360.0

163

197

274

397

(361)

(449)

(441)

(462)

(462)

(462)

(462)

312.9

377.4

148.79

171.50

184.52

222.60

258.60

217.3

287.2

396.0

437.0

952

1,378

1,960

3,090

(2,743)

(3,659)

(3,588)

(3,950)

(3,921)

(3,921)

(3,992)

2,346

3,055

910.69

1,061.3

1,204.7

1,563.8

1,961.0

1,489

2,037

3,217

3,549

304.8

300.0

300.0

600.0

(254.0)

(254.0)

(254.0)

(101.6)

(203.2)

(254.0)

(203.2)

300.0

300.0

(304.8)

(228.6)

(304.8)

(304.8)

(304.8)

300.0

300.0

300.0

500.0

(2-1/8)

(2-3/4)

(2-63/64)

(3-3/64)

3-1/4

3-7/8

3-3/4

3-7/8

3-7/8

3-7/8

3-7/8

(3)

(3-3/16)

2-7/16

2-1/8

2-5/8

2-13/16

(2-29/64)

(2-45/64)

(3-7/64)

(3-1/4)

(7.33)

(8.06)

(9.95)

(12.01)

11.25

12.91

13.07

13.35

13.33

13.33

13.80

(10.75)

(11.91)

6.87

7.31

7.85

8.90

9.91

(8.84)

(10.20)

(12.00)

(12.81)

(75.0)

(82.5)

(101.6)

(122.6)

114.7

131.7

133.2

136.2

135.8

135.8

140.7

(109.7)

(121.6)

70.16

74.67

80.15

90.91

101.16

(90.01)

(103.8)

(122.2)

(130.5)

(22.9)

(33.1)

(47.1)

(74.2)

65.9

87.9

86.2

94.9

94.2

94.2

95.4

(56.36)

(73.40)

21.88

25.50

28.94

37.57

47.11

(35.77)

(48.94)

(77.29)

(85.3)

(9.09)

(11.4)

(14.8)

(19.6)

18.1

22.4

22.3

23.9

23.7

23.7

24.3

(17.04)

(20.47)

8.89

9.71

10.83

13.11

15.40

(12.71)

(15.34)

(20.71)

(21.90)

(9.95)

(12.0)

(16.7)

(24.2)

22.0

27.4

26.9

28.2

28.2

28.2

28.2

(19.09)

(23.03)

9.08

10.47

11.26

13.58

15.78

(13.26)

(17.53)

(24.17)

(26.60)

(27/32)

(1)

(1-3/16)

(1-3/16)

1-1/8

1-3/16

1-3/16

1-3/16

1-3/16

1-3/16

1-3/16

(1-3/16)

(1-15/64)

29/32

47/64

63/64

1-1/32

1-5/64

(1-1/16)

(1-1/16)

(1-13/64)

(1-3/16)

(12)

(11-13/16)

(11-13/16)

(23-5/8)

10

10

10

10

(11-13/16)

(11-13/16)

12

12

12

12

(11-13/16)

(11-13/16)

(11-13/16)

(19-11/16)

Page 12: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

63

2R

13R

300R

80R

500R

2R

20R2R

R6

R500 R30

127

65

11

24φ

18.5 30

74

71.6

(49)

76

63

1:40

1:10

1:2.75

153

Approx.1.5C

Approx.1.5C

15

11

Approx.1.5C

NA

1:2.75

77 130

15R

Approx.60

130 130 77

2R

1:40

1:4

1:4

13R600R

500R

19R

5R

3R

19R

145

65

15

28φ

73.8

30.1

94.9

77.8

(49)

73.8

77.5

174

Approx.

70

Approx.1.5C

50R

16.5

Approx.1.5C

NA

25φ

Approx.1.5C

1.59R

7.94R

R304.8

6.35R

1.59R

1.59R

6.35R

304.8R

122.24

62.71

127 60.5

φ25.4

53.78

21.43

64.69

(36.12)

53.78

122.24

Approx.4.5

Approx.1.5C13.49

Approx.1.5C

NA

13°

13°

Approx.1.5C

2R

1:2.75

1:9 1:2.7

1:40

13R

80R

300R

500R

15R15R

3R

2R

6R

500R

122

64 11

130 77

φ24

57

25.5

73.5

68.9

(41)

57

70

15.5

140

Approx.1.5C

20R

Approx.1.5C

NA

14

Approx.1.5C

Approx.50

Page 13: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

159

36.3 1:20

1:2049.4

105.7

79.4

30.2

18

74.97

76.238.2

31.5

25.4

11

14.1

13.1

508R

508R

20R

22R8R

80R

80R300R

300R

3R

2R

3R16R

70 70

140

40

36.1

1:18

1:2.75

16

13R 13R

30.61:2.75

y

72.270

35 3568.649.819

x x x x

Y

172

116.5

31.5

16.5

11.5

28.75

28.2 19.5

80.95

89.532

28.75

28.2

19.5

13.5

14.3

300R

300R

1:20 1:20

37.5

51

150

33

16.5

3R

13R 13R

16.5

33

2152

36 3670.6

7274.3

7537.15

75

2R

120R

7R

40R

35R

120R35R

7R

80R

80R

4R

Y

Page 14: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

(35.56) 1.40”

(49.21)

115 / 16”

7 / 32”(15.56)

3”(76.2)

1:14.3

315 /16”(100.02)

33 /4”(95.25)

11/16”(17.46)

71 /16”(179.39)

11/4”R(31.75R)

3/4 ”R(19.05R)

7/16”R(11.11R)

3/8”R(9.53R)

1/6”R(3.18R) 1/16”R(1.59R)

3/4”R(19.05R)

(30.16)

13 /16”

NEUTRAL AXIS

3.20”(81.28)

1:4.011

6”(152.4)

16”R(406.4R)

8”R(203.2R)

(203.2R)(406.4R) of 8”R&16”RCL

10”R(254R)

10”R(254R)

1:3

1 / 16”R

(1.59R)

(38.1) 11/2 ”

(44.4)

13 /4”

3”(76.2)

1:40

43 / 16”(106.4)

37 /8”(98.4)

21/32”(16.7)

71 /8”(181.0)

11/4”R(31.8R)

3/4”R(19.1R)

5/16”R(7.9R)

3/8”R(9.5R)

1/6”R(3.2R) 1/16”R(1.59R)

7 / 8”R

(22.22R)

(30.2)

13 /16”

NEUTRAL AXIS

3.20”(81.3)

1:4

6”(152.4)

16”R(406.4R)

8”R(203.2R)

8”R(203.2R)

16”R(406.4R)CL

10”R(254R)

10”R(254R)

1:4

1 / 16”R

(1.6R)

9 / 32”(7.1)

221/32”(69)

111 / 16”(42.8)

313 / 16”(96.8)

11 /8”(28.6)

51/2 ”(139.7)

31 /4”(82.6)

65 /8”(168.3)

3 /4”

(19.1)

3/4 ”R(19.1R)

1/16”R(1.6R)

3/4 ”R(19.1R)

11/16”(17.4)

3/8 ”R (9.5R)

5 / 8”(15.9)

1/16”R

(1.6R)

11/4 ”(31.8)

11 /2”R(38.1R)

2.98”(75.7)

NEUTRAL AXIS

1:4

14”R(355.6R)

14”R(355.6R)

10”R(254R)

10”R(254R)

3”R(76.2R)

1:40

1:4

approx.21/16”(52.39)

131 / 32”(50.01)

9/32”(7.1)

1:40

43 / 16”(106.3)

13 /16”(30.1)

37 /8”(98.4)

11/14”(17.4)

711 / 32”(186.53)

215/16”(74.6)

3/4”R(19.1R)

5/16”R(7.9R)

R9/16”

(R14.29)

1/8”R(3.2R) 1/16”R(1.6R)

3 /4”R

(19.1R)

NEUTRAL AXIS

3.347”(85)

1:4

20”R(508R)

8”R(203.2R)

R4”R(101.60)

1:4

5/16”R (7.9R)

6”(152.4)

8”R(203.2R)

20”R(508R)CL

Page 15: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

1.25”(31.8)

115 / 16”(49.2)

9/32”(7.1)

1:40

43 / 16”(106.3)

13 /16”(30.1)

37 /8”(98.4)

11/14”(17.4)

75 /16”(185.7)

9 / 16”R(14.3R)

215/16”(74.6)

3/4”R(19.1R)

5/16”R(7.9R)

1 /4”R(31.8R)

1/8”R(3.2R) 1/16”R(1.6R)

3 /4”R

(19.1R)

NEUTRAL AXIS

3.347”(85)

1:4

20”R(508R)

8”R(203.2R)

10”R(254R)

10”R(254R)

1:4

5/16”R (7.9R)

6”(152.4)

8”R(203.2R)

20”R(508R)CL

1.104”(28.04)

115 / 16”(49.2)

9/32”(7.1)

1:40

43 / 16”(106.3)

13 /16”(30.1)

37 /8”(98.4)

11/14”(17.4)

75 /16”(185.7)

9/16”R(14.29R)

3/8”R(9.53R)

215/16”(74.61)

3/4”R(19.1R)

5/16”R(7.9R)

13/4”R (44.45R)

1/8”R(3.2R) 1/16”R(1.6R)

3 /4”R

(19.1R)

NEUTRAL AXIS

3.347”(85)

1:4

20”R(508R)

8”R(203.2R)

8”R(203.2R)

1:4

5/16”R (7.9R)

6”(152.4)

8”R(203.2R)

20”R(508R)CL

1:4

8″R&20″R

WEB

31/16″(77.8)

37/8″(98.4)

77 /16″(188.9)

31/4″(82.6)

25/32″(54.8)

7/32″(5.6)

5/16″R (7.9R)

11/16″ (17.5)

9/16″R(14.3R)

5/16″R(7.9R)

1/8″R(3.2R)113 /16″

(30.2)

43/32″(104)

1/16″R(1.6R)

3/4″R(19.1R)

20″R(508R)

3/4″R(19.1R)

8″R(203.2R)

1.1023″(28)

6″(152.4)

1.75″R

(44.5R)

8″R(203.2R)

8″R(203.2R)

1:3

Page 16: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

23/8”(60.32)

47/8”(123.82)

43/8”(111.12)

47/16”(61.91)

19/32”(15.08)

29/32”(23.02)

1/16”R (1.59)

5/16” (7.94)

7/8”R (22.22)

7/16”R (11.11) 1/2”R

(12.70)

1/8”R(3.17)

1/16”R(1.59)

5/16” (7.94)

31/64” (12.30)

20”web R (508.00)

12”R (304.80)

3/8”R (9.52)

19/16”(39.69)

5/16”(7.94)

1 2.75

lin 20

CL

1

2.75

61.91(27/16)

13.10(33/64)

53.98(21/8)

128.59(151/16)

18.65(47/64)

122.24(413/16)

Parallel sides

Parallel

228.60 rad.(9)

1.59 rad. (1/16)

6.35 rad. (1/4)

304.80 rad.(12)

9.53 rad.(3/8) (3/8)

4.76 rad.(3/16)

8.33(21/64)

11.11 rad.(7/16)

39.69(19/16)

3 1

6 1

21/2”(63.50)

51/4”(133.35)

45/8”(117.47)

25/8”(66.67)

11/32”(8.73)

143/64”(42.47)

5/16 ”(7.94)

33/64”(13.10)

5/16”R(7.94R)

7/8”R(22.22R)

1/2”R(12.70R)

41/64”(16.27)

63/64”(25.00)

5/8”R(15.87R)

1/8”R(3.17R)

1/16”R(1.59R)

7/16”R (11.11R)

(1.59R) 1/16”R

12”R(304.80R)

2.75 1

20”web R (508.00R)

CL

2.75 1

Page 17: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

210/12”(71.92)

25/8”(66.67)

55/8”(142.87)

213/16”(71.44)

11/32” (26.19)

5”(127.00)

113/16”(46.04)

5/16”(7.94R)

35/64” (13.89)

23/64”(9.13)

7/8”R(22.22R)

1/8”R(3.17R)

1/16”R(1.59R)

43/64”(17.07)

(12.70R) 1/2”R(15.87R)

5/8”R

1/16”R(1.59R)

5/16”R(7.94R)

1/2”R (12.70R) 12”R(304.80R)

20”web R (508.00R)

CL

2.75 1

2.75 1

23/4”(69.58)

51/4”(133.35)

3”(76.20)

15/64”(27.38)

159/64”(48.82)

6”(152.40)

3/4”(19.05)

19/32”(15.08)

3/8”(9.52) 41/64”(16.27)

5/16”(7.94)

5/16”R(7.94R)

7/8”R(22.22R)

9/16”R(14.29R)

1/8”R(3.17R)

1/16”R(1.59R)

3/4”R(19.05)

31/8”R (79.37R)

1/16”R(1.59R)

1/2”R (12.70R) 12”R

(304.80R)

20web R(508.00R) CL

2.75 1

2.75

1 20

Page 18: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

70.00

R300.00

R350.00

R350.00

R15.00

R4.00

R2.00

R2.50

R13.00

R5.00 R10.00

14.50

114.00

42.00

140.00

71.00

35.50

35.50

68.50

32.80

11.00

27.00

φ29.00

NEUTRAL AXISApprox. C1.50

Approx.C1.50

C.L OF BOLT HOLE

1:3

1:3

1:6

Approx.C1.5

φ29

62.5

56 110 160

Approx.C1.50

φ31

68.5

66 150 140

70.00

R350.00

R350.00

R300.00

132.00

15.50

152.00

27.00

83.00

41.50

41.50

42.00

70.90

36.70

φ31.00

NEUTRAL AXIS

Approx. C1.50

Approx.C1.50

C.L OF BOLT HOLE

R2.50

R5.00 R12.00

R13.00

R20.00

R4.00 R2.00

1:4

1:4

φ31 176 97

79

76 140 140

73.00

34.68

17.79

3.30

10.39

16.5

10.20

23.77

25.33

150.00

97.00

30.50

81.23

48.50

2.00

0.17

12.02

22.14

6.24

3.76

9.37

41.30

176.00

39.42

17.00

7.33

15.25

12

48.50

48.50

91.50 29.25 29.25

NEUTRAL AXIS

Approx. C1.50

C.L OF BOLT HOLE

R12.00

R13

R2

R2 R4

R8 R25

R400

R400

R20

R40

R80 R300

R400

1:3 1:9

1:3

10

Page 19: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

75.00

49.10

20.00

45.00

97.50

180.00

105.00

8.13

30.00

1:20

1:4

1:4

R25

29.6

150.00

12.0

18.00

10.8

R400

R25

R4

R2

11.2 22.6 44.5

NEUTRAL AXIS

CENTER LINER15

R7

R37030°

0.1

1.7

15.7

35.6

40.1

41.9

50.8

R500

R80

R3

R15

19.6

16.4

36.5

Page 20: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

37

40

50

60

115 lbs/Yd and over

kg

kgN

kgN

kg

Japanese Industrial Standards JIS E 1101 2001

Specifications ClassificationC Si Mn P

Chemical composition %

0.55~0.70

0.030 max.

0.030 max.

0.035 max.

0.050 max.

0.05 max.

0.05 max.

0.05 max.

0.040 max.

0.040 max.

0.040 max.

0.045 max.

0.40~0.60

0.60~0.80

0.55~0.75

0.60~0.82

0.45~0.60

0.65~0.80

0.55~0.75

0.67~0.80

0.65~0.77

0.50~0.70

0.40~0.60

0.62~0.82

0.50~0.70

0.60~0.80

0.55~0.75

0.80~1.25

0.80~1.30

1.30~1.70

0.80~1.30

0.95~1.25

0.80~1.30

1.30~1.70

0.70~1.00

1.10~1.50

0.60~1.00

0.80~1.25

0.60~1.10

0.95~1.25

0.80~1.30

1.30~1.70

0.63~0.75

0.74~0.84

0.60~0.90

0.70~1.10

0.80~1.10

0.15~0.35

0.05~0.35

0.10~0.50

0.30~0.90

0.05~0.35

0.10~0.50

0.10~0.50

0.10~0.35

0.13~0.28

0.15~0.35

0.07~0.35

0.05~0.35

0.15~0.30

0.10~0.60

American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association AREMA 2002 Chapter 4, Rail

Grade 700

Grade 900A

Grade 900B

Grade 1100*

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

Normal

1

2

3

U74

U71 Mn

Wear- resisting

International Union of Railways UIC 1986

British Standards BS 11 1985

Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81

ISO 5003 1980

Note * Other element : Cr 0.80~1.30% Requirements for dimensions and types other than those listed above are met subject to negotiation.

Page 21: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

SN/mm2(kgf/mm2)

Tensile strength

%

Elongation

Tensile properties Hardness properties

Brinell hardness(HB)

mm Surface of rail head Cross section of rail head

Test piece

0.025 max.

0.030 max.

0.037 max.

0.050 max.

0.050 max.

0.05 max.

0.05 max.

0.05 max.

0.040 max.

0.040 max.

0.040 max.

0.050 max.

800(82) min.

1080 min.

710 min.

965 min.

680~830

880~1030

780(80) min.

880(90) min.

880 min.

14

10

10

14

12

10

680 min.

780 min.Dia.=10 G.L.=50

Dia.=10 G.L.=50

Dia.=14 G.L.=50

Dia.=1/2 in G.L.=2 in

Dia.=15 G.L.=5d

Dia.=13.82 G.L.=5.65 So

880 min.

690(70) min. 9

10

9 300

ー ー

ー ー

ー ー

ー ー

235

Page 22: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Our advanced on-line heat-treatment technologies make the head-hardened region of JFE-SP and JFE-THH rail thick and uniform.

Optimal alloy designing and processing bring about the outstanding wear-resistance of JFE-SP and JFE-THH rail.

JFE-SP and JFE-THH have excellent weldability in flash-butt and Thermite welding.

JFE-SP and JFE-THH rails offer consistent quality accomplished by our super-clean steelmaking technology, advanced on-line heat-treatment technique and rigorous inspection system.

The excellent resistance to wear and rolling contact fatigue damage of JFE-SP and JFE-THH rails will greatly contribute to reduce the cost of maintenance and replace.

Page 23: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

SP

SPA

THH 370N

THH 370A

THH 340(HH340)

Grade Hardness of head top(HB)

360~415

360~415

341~388

350~405

321~375

SP

SPA

THH 370N

THH 370A

THH 340(HH340)

Grade C

0.74~0.84

0.74~0.84

0.72~0.82

0.72~0.82

0.72~0.82

Si

0.10~0.60

0.40~0.90

0.10~0.50

0.40~0.60

0.10~0.55

Mn

0.80~1.25

0.60~1.10

0.80~1.25

0.80~1.10

0.70~1.10

P

0.02 max.

0.03 max.

0.03 max.

0.03 max.

0.03 max.

S

0.02 max.

0.02 max.

0.02 max.

0.02 max.

0.02 max.

Cr

0.30 max.

0.40~0.60

0.25 max.

0.40~0.60

0.20 max.

Others(each)

0.05 max.

0.05 max.

0.01 max.

0.06 max.

0.03 max.

wt %

Page 24: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Hardness measurement points on the top of rail head

SP

SPA

THH 370N

THH 370A

Grade C

0.83

0.83

0.78

0.77

Si

0.59

0.78

0.30

0.56

Mn

1.17

0.63

1.20

0.84

P

0.015

0.015

0.013

0.012

S

0.006

0.009

0.008

0.008

Cr

0.24

0.44

0.22

0.44

V

0.004

0.003

0.003

0.056

wt %

SP

SPA

THH 370N

THH 370A

Grade HB

388

380

373

370

Remarks

mean value for 6 tests (see the bottom figure)

SP

SPA

THH 370N

THH 370A

13.8

14.1

12.3

12.5

Grade0.2% Yield Strength

N/mm2 (ksi) 910

(132)

901 (131)

903 (131)

902 (131)

1338 (194)

1345 (195)

1310 (190)

1315 (191)

Tensile Strength N/mm2 (ksi)

Elongation %

1/2"

1/2"

0.3m 0.3m

4.6m

0.8m0.8m0.8m0.8m0.8m

Surface hardness on the top of rail head

Diameter=1/2" Gauge length=2"

Page 25: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

440

420

400

380

360

340

320

300

Distance from Head Surface(mm)

0.0 3.2 6.4 9.6 12.8 16.0 19.2 22.4 25.6 28.8 32.0 35.2

C-OE-O

THH370N440

420

400

380

360

340

320

300

Distance from Head Surface(mm)

0.0 3.2 6.4 9.6 12.8 16.0 19.2 22.4 25.6 28.8 32.0 35.2

C-OE-O

S P

Distance from Head Surface(mm)

0.0 3.2 6.4 9.6 12.8 16.0 19.2 22.4 25.6 28.8 32.0 35.2

C-OE-O

THH370A

Distance from Head Surface(mm)

0.0 3.2 6.4 9.6 12.8 16.0 19.2 22.4 25.6 28.8 32.0 35.2

C-OE-O

SPA

O

CE

410

400

390

380

370

360

350

340

330

320

310

300

290

280

HVHB

410

400

390

380

370

360

350

340

330

320

310

300

290

280

HVHB

440

420

400

380

360

340

320

300

440

420

400

380

360

340

320

300

410

400

390

380

370

360

350

340

330

320

310

300

290

280

HVHB

410

400

390

380

370

360

350

340

330

320

310

300

290

280

HVHB

Page 26: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Load Slip Lubrication Test time

490N(50kgf) -10% dry 2 hours

SP THH 370N

SPA THH 370A

: : : :

Wear by rolling contact test

SP

THH

250 300 350 400

1.00

0.75

0.50

0.25

0.00

Hardness HV

Standard Carbon rail

Pearlitic microstructure

(参考)

SP

SPA

THH370N

THH370A

Weight loss (g)

16φ

5mm

30φ

8 2

30φ

16φ

30φ

(HB 350) 800rpm

Tire sample

728rpm

Rail sample

Measurement point of microstructure

Page 27: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Measuring position

1 22

6

7

8

6

7

8

12 1111 1010

99

33

44

55

Distance from Weld Center(mm)

450

400

350

300

250

200 50 -10 10 -50 -40 -30 30 40 -20 20 0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Distance from Weld Center(mm)

450

400

350

300

250

200 50 -10 10 -50 -40 -30 30 40 -20 20 0

SP, SPA

THH370N, THH370A

SP

SPA

THH370NTHH370A

WebHead Base

(N/mm2) 200

100

-100

-200

Residual Stress in Longitudinal Direction

THH

SP

2mm (0.08in)

Measuring position

HVHB

HVHB

420 400 380 360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 200 180

420 400 380 360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 200 180

Page 28: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

THH 340(HH340)

Grade C

0.78

Si

0.24

Mn

0.91

P

0.018

S

0.007

Cr

0.13

V

0.008

wt %

THH 340(HH340)

13.8

Grade0.2% Yield Strength N/mm2 (kgf/mm2)

807 (82.3)

1203 (122.7)

Tensile Strength N/mm2 (kgf/mm2)

Elongation %

THH 340(HH340)

Grade HSC

50

Remarks

mean value for 6 tests (see the bottom figure)

Surface hardness on the top of rail head

Hardness distribution

Hardness measurement points on the top of rail head

15mm

15mm

0.3m 0.3m

4.6m

0.8m0.8m0.8m0.8m0.8m

Diameter=14mm Gauge length=50mm

440

420

400

380

360

340

320

300

280

260

Distance from head Surface(mm)

OHV

420

400

380

360

340

320

300

280

260

HB

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36

Page 29: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Load Slip

490N(50kgf) -10%

: :

Lubrication Test time

dry 2 hours: :

Wear by rolling contact test

THH340(HH340)

250 200 300 350 400

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

Hardness HV

Standard Carbon rail

Pearlitie microstructure

THH370N

THH370A

THH340 (HH340)

Weight loss due abrasion g at 50

×104 (cycles)

16φ

30φ

8 2

30φ

16φ

30φ

(HB 350) 800rpm

Tire sample

728rpm

Rail sample

(×5600) Measurement point of

microstructure

5mm

Page 30: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Measuring position

1 22

6

7

8

6

7

8

12 1111 1010

99

33

44

55

Distance from Weld Center(mm) 50 -10 10 -50 -40 -30 30 40 -20 20 0

HAZ

(N/mm2) (kgf/mm2)

Residual Stress in Longitudinal Direction

2mm (0.08in)

450

400

350

300

250

200

400

350

300

250

200

HBHV(10)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

WebHead Base

200

100

-100

-200

20

10

-10

-20

Measuring position

Page 31: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

JFE Current Transmission Rails are assured by strict quality control of chemical composition during steel manufacture.

Uniformity of steel quality is made possible by JFE's special technology for minimizing segregation.

Page 32: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

This specification covers rails used in the transmission of current for electric trains(hereinater referred to as the "rails").

The appearance of the rails shall be as follows: The rails shall be of uniform contour along their entire length and free from flaws, twists, and other defects. The rails cut surface shall have no evidence of pipe marks or other harmful internal defects. The rail ends shall be cut at right angles to the longitudinal direction and burrs left on the cut surface shall be removed.

The chemical composition of the rails shall conform to the ladle analysis and its values to Table 1.

The chemical analysis shall be in sccordance with JIS.

The rail samples obtained at the rate of one from each steel heat shall tested for electric resistance in the manner set forth in the annex "Method of Determining the Electric Resistance of Current Transmission Rails". If the requirements of paragraph 2.2 have been satisfied in the test, all rails manufactured from the said heat shall be accepted.

To define their material characteristics, the rails shall undergo for reference the mechanical test set forth in Table 3.

Electric resistance of the rails, at 20 deg C, shall be less than 7.2 taimes that of the same volume of international standard mild copper.

Chemical Composition, %

P

0.030 max.

Mn

0.30 max.

C

0.08 max.

Cu

0.25 max.

S

0.030 max.

Table 1.

Item

Length

Height of rail

Width of head and web

Width of base

Rail squareness

Tolerance

±10

±1.5

1.0

+1.0

+1.0

-0.5

-0.5

Table 2.

The shapes, dimensions and standard weights shall be as follows: The ahapes and sectional dimensions of the rails shall conform to the annexed drawings, JIS E 1101"Standard Rails". The standard length of the rails shall be 15m. The following smaller lengths may, however, be used up to 10% of the entire quality ordered: 10m, 11m, 12m, 13m, 14m The standard weight of the rails shall be provided for in JIS E 1101"Standard Rails".

Dimensional tolerances for the rails, at 20 deg C, shall be as given in Table 2.

(Unit : mm)

Test Item

Yield strength

Tensile strength

Elongation,

Reduction of area

Hardness test HB

Modulus of elasticity

Coefficient of expansion

Number of Pieces Tested

1 piece per heat

1 piece per heat

1 piece per lot

1 piece per lot

Table 3.

Result sheets of the various tests set forth in 6 shall be prepared and furnished to the users.

One side of the rail web shall be embossed, as shown by example below, with an arrow mark for the head direction of ingot during rolling, a symbol for the type of rail, a symbol for the type of steel furnace, the name or recognized symbol of the manufacturer, the date of manufacture, etc. These must be legible as long as the rail is in use.

The other side of the web, meanwhile, shall be stamped, as shown by example below, with an indication(TR), a heat number, a symbol for the order of rail rolled from the ingot,etc.

The end surface of the rails shall be painted orange.

Entire text omitted of the annex "Method of Determining the Electric Resistance of Current Transmission Rails"

←50N LD JFE  2003 4

04

Rail letter

Y3

Ingot number

B

Work gang identification

TR

Indication for transmission

rail

74816

Heat number

Tensile test

Page 33: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Arrow mark to indicate direction of top of bloom or ingot

50N LD JFE 2003 4

Rail typeSteelmaking furnace type

Month rolled

Year rolledManufacturer

Number of strand

13  01  C6862 A C70

Serial number of rail

Serial number of cast bloom

Heat number

Carbon content

Work gang identification

Page 34: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Weight

141  RE VT JFE 2003 llll

Section

Method of hydrogen elimination

Month rolled

Year rolledManufacturer

Kind of rail (SP=SP rail, SPA=SPA rail, TH=THH rail, THA=THHA rail)

Heat number

Serial number of rail

Serial number of cast bloom

Number of strand

Page 35: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

N

9.80665

0.101972

0.224809×10-3

2.20462 ×10-3

2.240

0.100361×10-3

0.984207×10-3

0.446429

kip=1000lbf

453.59237

1016.05

4448.22

9964.02

kgf kip tonf

N/mm2(MPa)

10

0.10

0.980665

0.689476

1.54443

0.101972

1.01972

0.70307

1.57488

0.145038

1.45038

1.42233

2.240

0.064749

0.647490

0.634970

0.446429

1 kip/in2=ksi=1000psi psi=lbf/in2

R= D=2 Sin-1(Degree)

9.80665

6.89476

15.4443

kgf/mm2kbar kip/in2 tonf/in2

J

9.80665

1.35582

0.101972

0.138255

0.737562

7.23301

kgf-m ft-lbf

Degree of Curve Radius of Curve

0°30’

1°00’

1°30’

2°00’

2°30’

3°00’

3°30’

4°00’

4°30’

5°00’

5°30’

6°00’

7°00’

8°00’

9°00’

10°00’

11°00’

12°00’

0°35’

0°52’

1°10’

1°44’

2°11’

2°55’

3°30’

4°22’

5°50’

8°44’

3492.8

1746.4

1164.3

873.2

698.6

582.2

499.0

436.7

388.2

349.4

317.6

291.2

249.7

218.5

194.2

174.9

159.0

145.8

3000

2000

1500

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

1746.38 D

50 R(ft)

=2 Sin-1 15.24 R(m)

HV HBS HRC HSC TS N/mm2(kgf/mm2)

470

460

450

440

430

420

410

400

390

380

370

360

350

340

330

320

310

300

295

290

285

280

275

270

265

260

255

250

245

240

441

433

425

415

405

397

388

379

369

360

350

341

331

322

313

303

294

284

280

275

270

265

261

256

252

247

243

238

233

228

46.9

46.1

45.3

44.5

43.6

42.7

41.8

40.8

39.8

38.8

37.7

36.6

35.5

34.4

33.3

32.2

31.0

29.8

29.2

28.5

27.8

27.1

26.4

25.6

24.8

24.0

23.1

22.2

21.3

20.3

1569(

1530(

1500(

1461(

1412(

1373(

1334(

1285(

1245(

1206(

1177(

1128(

1098(

1069(

1030(

1010(

981(

951(

941(

922(

902(

892(

873(

853(

843(

824(

804(

794(

775(

765(

160)

156)

153)

149)

144)

140)

136)

131)

127)

123)

120)

115)

112)

109)

105)

103)

100)

97)

96)

92)

92)

91)

89)

87)

86)

84)

82)

81)

79)

78)

62

59

57

55

52

50

47

45

42

41

40

38

37

36

34

HV HB HRC HSC

Vicker Hardness Brinell Hardness Rockwell Hardness Shore Hardness

Load 50kgf 10mm Ball Load 3000kgf C-Scale Load 150kgf diamond cone

Page 36: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

°F °F-0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 -0 °F 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 °F 0

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900

-62.2 -56.7 -51.1 -45.6 -40.0 -34.4 -28.9 -23.3 -17.8 0 -17.8 -12.2 -6.7 -1.1 4.4 10.0 15.6 21.1 26.7 32.2 37.8 43.3 48.9 54.4 60.0 65.6 71.1 76.7 82.2 87.8 93.3 98.9 104.4 10 -17.8 37.8 93.3 148.9 204.4 260.0 315.6 371.1 426.7 482.2 537.8 593.3 648.9 704.4 760.0 815.6 871.1 926.7 982.2 1037.8 1093.3 1148.9 1204.4 1260.0 1315.6 1371.1 1426.7 1482.2 1537.8 1593.3

-63.3 -57.8 -52.2 -46.7 -41.1 -35.6 -30.0 -24.4 -18.9 2  -16.7 -11.1 -5.6 0 5.6 11.1 16.7 22.2 27.8 33.3 38.9 44.4 50.0 55.6 61.1 66.7 72.2 77.8 83.3 88.9 94.4 100.0 105.6 20 -6.7 48.9 104.4 160.0 215.6 271.1 326.7 382.2 437.8 493.3 548.9 604.4 660.0 715.6 771.1 826.7 882.2 937.8 993.3 1048.9 1104.4 1160.0 1215.6 1271.1 1326.7 1382.2 1437,8 1493.3 1548.9 1604.4

-64.4 -58.9 -53.3 -47.8 -42.2 -36.7 -31.1 -25.6 -20.0 4 -15.6 -10.0 -4.4 1.1 6.7 12.2 17.8 23.3 28.9 34.4 40.0 45.6 51.1 56.7 62.2 67.8 73.3 78.9 84.4 90.0 95.6 101.1 106.7 40 4.4 60.0 115.6 171.1 226.7 282.2 337.8 393.3 448.9 504.4 560.0 615.6 671.1 726.7 782.2 837.8 893.3 948.9 1004.4 1060.0 1115.6 1171.1 1226.7 1282.2 1337.8 1393.3 1448.9 1504.4 1560.0 1615.6

-65.6 -60.0 -54.4 -48.9 -43.3 -37.8 -32.2 -26.7 -21.1 6 -14.4 -8.9 -3.3 2.2 7.8 13.3 18.9 24.4 30.0 35.6 41.1 46.7 52.2 57.8 63.3 68.9 74.4 80.0 85.6 91.1 96.7 102.2 107.8 60 15.6 71.1 126.7 182.2 237.8 293.3 348.9 404.4 460.0 515.6 571.1 626.7 682.2 737.8 793.3 848.9 904.4 960.0 1015.6 1071.1 1126.7 1182.2 1237.8 1293.3 1348.9 1404.4 1460.0 1515.6 1571.1 1626.7

-66.7 -61.1 -55.6 -50.0 -44.4 -38.9 -33.3 -27.8 -22.2 8 -13.3 -7.8 -2.2 3.3 8.9 14.4 20.0 25.6 31.1 36.7 42.2 47.8 53.3 58.9 64.4 70.0 75.6 81.1 86.7 92.2 97.8 103.3 108.9 80 26.7 82.2 137.8 193.3 248.9 304.4 360.0 415.6 471.1 526.7 582.2 637.8 693.3 748.9 804.4 860.0 915.6 971.1 1026.7 1082.2 1137.8 1193.3 1248.9 1304.4 1360.0 1415.6 1471.1 1526.7 1582.2 1637.8

-80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 -0 °F 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 °F 0

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900

°C °C-0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 -0 ℃ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ℃ 0

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

-60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 -0 ℃ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ℃ 0

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

-76.0 -58.0 -40.0 -22.0 -4.0 14.0 32.0 0 32.0 50.0 68.0 86.0 104.0 122.0 140.0 158.0 176.0 194.0 212.0 0 32 212 392 572 752 932 1112 1292 1472 1652 1832 2012 2192 2372 2552 2732 2912 3092 3272 3452 3632

-79.6 -61.6 -43.6 -25.6 -7.6 10.4 28.4 2 35.6 53.6 71.6 89.6 107.6 125.6 143.6 161.6 179.6 197.6 215.6 20 68 248 428 608 788 968 1148 1328 1508 1688 1868 2048 2228 2408 2588 2768 2948 3128 3308 3488 3668

-83.2 -65.2 -47.2 -29.2 -11.2 6.8 24.8 4 39.2 57.2 75.2 93.2 111.2 129.2 147.2 165.2 183.2 201.2 219.2 40 104 284 464 644 824 1004 1184 1364 1544 1724 1904 2084 2264 2444 2624 2804 2984 3164 3344 3524 3704

-86.8 -68.8 -50.8 -32.8 -14.8 3.2 21.2 6 42.8 60.8 78.8 96.8 114.8 132.8 150.8 168.8 186.8 204.8 222.8 60 140 320 500 680 860 1040 1220 1400 1580 1760 1940 2120 2300 2480 2660 2840 3020 3200 3380 3560 3740

-90.4 -72.4 -54.4 -36.4 -18.4 -0.4 17.6 8 46.4 64.4 82.4 100.4 118.4 136.4 154.4 172.4 190.4 208.4 226.4 80 176 356 536 716 896 1076 1256 1436 1616 1796 1976 2156 2336 2516 2696 2876 3056 3236 3416 3596 3776

F=32+ C9 5

C= (F-32) 5 9

Page 37: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

Dimension and Weight

Grade

Specification or Standard

Length and Quantity

Drilling

Marking and Bundling

Delivery Date

Page 38: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian
Page 39: RAIL - The World of Technology · 2017-11-01 · Chapter 4, Rail International Union of Railways UIC 1986 British Standards BS 11 1985 Chinese National Railways GB 2585-81 Russian

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