R GB DF : R ESOURCE G OAL AND B EHAVIOUR D ESCRIPTION F RAMEWORK

RRGBGBDFDF: : RRESOURCE ESOURCE GGOAL AND OAL AND

BBEHAVIOUR EHAVIOUR DDESCRIPTION ESCRIPTION FFRAMEWORKRAMEWORK

RRGBGBDFDF: : RRESOURCE ESOURCE GGOAL AND OAL AND

BBEHAVIOUR EHAVIOUR DDESCRIPTION ESCRIPTION FFRAMEWORKRAMEWORK

Olena Kaykova, Oleksiy Khriyenko, Vagan Terziyan, Andriy ZharkoOlena Kaykova, Oleksiy Khriyenko, Vagan Terziyan, Andriy ZharkoOlena Kaykova, Oleksiy Khriyenko, Vagan Terziyan, Andriy ZharkoOlena Kaykova, Oleksiy Khriyenko, Vagan Terziyan, Andriy Zharko

Jyväskylä, FinlandJyväskylä, Finland 25 August 2005,25 August 2005,

Industrial Ontologies Group, Department of Mathematical Information Technology, Industrial Ontologies Group, Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, FINLANDUniversity of Jyväskylä, FINLAND

Our Team and ConsortiumOur Team and ConsortiumOur Team and ConsortiumOur Team and Consortium

University of JyväskyläUniversity of JyväskyläIndustrial Ontologies Grouphttp://www.cs.jyu.fi/ai/OntoGroup/

http://www.metsoautomation.com/automation/home.nsf/FR?ReadForm

http://www.jsp.fi/fi/000esitt.html

MAIN RESEARCH OBJECTIVEMAIN RESEARCH OBJECTIVEMAIN RESEARCH OBJECTIVEMAIN RESEARCH OBJECTIVE

Our intention is to provide tools and solutions to make heterogeneous industrial resources (files, documents, services, devices, processes, systems, human experts, etc.) web-accessible, proactive and cooperative in a sense that they will be able to analyze their state independently from other systems or to order such analysis from remote experts or Web-services to be aware of own condition and to plan behavior towards effective and predictive maintenance.

GUNGUN

GGloballobal

UUnderstandinnderstanding g

eeNNvironmentvironment

GGloballobal

UUnderstandinnderstanding g

eeNNvironmentvironment

GUN Concept:GUN Concept:All GUN resources “understand” each other…All GUN resources “understand” each other…

Two Stages of AdaptationTwo Stages of AdaptationTwo Stages of AdaptationTwo Stages of Adaptation

…

XML1

XML2

XMLn

XML0

Based on Unified

State/Condition Description XML

Schema

Syntactic Adaptation:Syntactic Adaptation:XSLT-Transformation

Semantic Semantic Adaptation:Adaptation:

Based on Ontology of Templates and Mapping Rules

General Adaptation Framework (GAF)General Adaptation Framework (GAF) General Adaptation Framework (GAF)General Adaptation Framework (GAF)

Semantic Resource Adaptation Framework Resource Adaptation Framework is a generic ontology-based approach to design adapters for heterogeneous Web resources.

Semantic Resource Adapters Resource Adapters suppose to “wrap” data retrieved from external resources with semantic templates and deliver semantically annotated data from outside to a resource stripping out semantic markup.

Evolution of RDFEvolution of RDF

rscdfs:Context_SR_Container

SR_Statement: SR_Statement: statement context statement context SR_Statement: SR_Statement: statement context statement context

rscdfs:rscdfs:SR_StatementSR_Statement is a subclass of theis a subclass of the rdf:Statement.rdf:Statement. It also describe a statement but has a very innovative It also describe a statement but has a very innovative

and useful addition – and useful addition – Statement Context.Statement Context. Via Via trueInContexttrueInContext property an instance of the property an instance of the rscdfs:rscdfs:SR_StatementSR_Statement points on a context container of other contextual statements. points on a context container of other contextual statements.

rscdfs:rscdfs:SR_StatementSR_Statement

rdfs:Resource rscdfs:SR_Property

subject objectpredicate

rdfs:Resource

rscdfs:SR_Statement

Container of a context

rscdfs:SR_Statement

rscdfs:SR_Statement

rscdfs:SR_Statement

…

trueInContexttrueInContext

rscdfs:Context_SR_Containerrscdfs:SR_Statement

domain range

rdf:Propertytype


Extension of the Extension of the rdf:Statementrdf:Statement to to rscdfs:SR_Statementrscdfs:SR_Statement with a with a trueInContexttrueInContext propertyproperty

Extension of the Extension of the rdf:Statementrdf:Statement to to rscdfs:SR_Statementrscdfs:SR_Statement with a with a trueInContexttrueInContext propertyproperty

Statement is a true statement just if the Statement is a true statement just if the statement statement contextcontext is TRUE. Statement (about is TRUE. Statement (about ””Service #1Service #1 sets sets diagnosis diagnosis Emergency”) Emergency”) makes sense in context, that makes sense in context, that Model #1Model #1 was used, a diagnostic was based on was used, a diagnostic was based on State #1State #1 of of Device #1Device #1 in certain time in certain time t1t1. .

RDFRDF RReification – eification – RSCDFRSCDF TTruerueIInnCContextontext RDFRDF RReification – eification – RSCDFRSCDF TTruerueIInnCContextontext

Service #1Service #1 EmergencyEmergencydiagnosis

useModeluseModel

inTimeinTime

basedOnbasedOn

ModelModel #1 #1

t1t1

State #1State #1

EnvironmentEnvironment

hasTime

Device #1Device #1

hasState

Service #1Service #1 EmergencyEmergencydiagnosis

Service #1Service #1 Model #1Model #1hasModel

EnvironmentEnvironment t1t1hasTime

Device #1Device #1 State #1State #1hasState

hasModel

…

TTRUERUEIINNCCONTEXTONTEXT

RDFRDF ReificationReification


Behavior and mental state descriptionBehavior and mental state description Behavior and mental state descriptionBehavior and mental state description

Resource AgentResource Agent

Extension with a non factual non factual statementstatement for desires description. It is not a fact, it is a goal that Agent

intends to achieve.

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:Goal_StatementGoal_Statement

SSSSSSPPPPPP

rdf:subjectrdf:object

rscdfs:predicate


rscdfs:trueInContext

OOOOOO

Extension with a BehaviourBehaviour Statement Statement for defining goal dependent actions. Necessary and sufficient conditions dependent rule description.

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:Behaviour_StatementBehaviour_Statement

rscdfs:ResourceAgent


rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container

rdf:object

rgbdfs:hasBehaviour

rgbdfs:falseInContext

rgbdfs:Goal_Container


rgbdfs:predicatergbdfs:subject

Dynamics

HHiissttoorryy

Resource description includes different states

at different time and different conditions at

different context

Resource description includes “care” / maintenance

instructions for a resource agent, which will be the basis

for its proactive behavior towards predictive maintenance

RDF Evolution towards GUNRDF Evolution towards GUNRDF Evolution towards GUNRDF Evolution towards GUN

Introduction toIntroduction to RRG/BG/BDFSDFS

Smart Resource 2005 Scenario (3 scenes) Smart Resource 2005 Scenario (3 scenes) Smart Resource 2005 Scenario (3 scenes) Smart Resource 2005 Scenario (3 scenes)

““Expert”Expert”

““Service”Service”

Labelled data

Labelled data

Diagnostic model

Que

ryin

g di

agno

stic

Que

ryin

g di

agno

stic

resu

ltsre

sults

Labelled data

Labelled data

Wat

chin

g a

nd

qu

eryi

ng

dia

gn

ost

ic d

ataLa

belle

d da

ta

Labe

lled

data

History data

““Device”Device”

Querying data for

learning

Learning sample and

Learning sample and

Querying diagnostic results

Querying diagnostic results

““Knowledge Transfer Knowledge Transfer from Expert to Service”from Expert to Service”““Knowledge Transfer Knowledge Transfer

from Expert to Service”from Expert to Service”

Agent plays roles:

Scene 1: “patient”;Scene 2: “teacher”;Scene 3: “patient”

Agent plays roles:

Scene 1: “diagnostic expert”;Scene 2: “no play”;Scene 3: “no play”

Agent plays roles:

Scene 1: “no play”;Scene 2: “student”;

Scene 3: “diagnostic expert”

BDI (Beliefs-Desires-BDI (Beliefs-Desires-Intensions):Intensions):

Underlying Model for RUnderlying Model for RGBGBDFDF

BDI (Beliefs-Desires-BDI (Beliefs-Desires-Intensions):Intensions):

Underlying Model for RUnderlying Model for RGBGBDFDF

Profiles DDesires IIntensions Actions

BBeliefsObservation

Communication

GoalsGoals BehaviorBehavior ExecutionExecution

ContextContext

RolesRoles

RRSCSCDFDF

RRSCSCDFDFRRSCSCDFDFRRSCSCDFDFRRGBGBDFDF

Jonker C., Terziyan V., Treur J., Temporal and Spatial Analysis to Personalize an Agent’s Dynamic Belief, Desire and Intention Profiles, In: M. Klush et al. (eds.), Cooperative Information Agents VII: Proceedings of the 7-th International Workshop on Cooperative Information Agents (CIA-2003), Helsinki, Finland, August 27-29, 2003, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, V. 2782, Springer-Verlag, pp. 289-315.

http://www.cs.jyu.fi/ai/papers/CIA-2003-2.pdf

http://www.dfki.de/~klusch/cia2003.html

RRG/BG/BDFSDFS Goal Statement Goal StatementRRG/BG/BDFSDFS Goal Statement Goal Statement

rgbdfs:Goal_Statementrgbdfs:Goal_Statement is a class of the “goal” instances. This class is similar is a class of the “goal” instances. This class is similar to rscdfs:SR_Statement and is a subclass of it. Triple <SSS-PPP-OOO> describes to rscdfs:SR_Statement and is a subclass of it. Triple <SSS-PPP-OOO> describes some fact-statement which is not true in the current resource state, but resource is some fact-statement which is not true in the current resource state, but resource is aimed to make it true (an Agent intends to achieve this goal). Each goal is dynamic aimed to make it true (an Agent intends to achieve this goal). Each goal is dynamic and can be aimed by resource in a certain context.and can be aimed by resource in a certain context.


SSSSSSPPPPPP

rdf:subject

rdf:object

rscdfs:predicate



OOOOOO

rscdfs:falseInContext


RRG/BG/BDFSDFS Goal Statement ExampleGoal Statement ExampleRRG/BG/BDFSDFS Goal Statement ExampleGoal Statement Example


MirjaMirja

hashas


rscdfs:predicate

Mirja has birthday

Mirja likes flowers


flowersflowers


Mirja has flowers

RRG/BG/BDFSDFS has_ has_goals Statementgoals StatementRRG/BG/BDFSDFS has_ has_goals Statementgoals Statement



rgbdfs:hasGoals

rscdfs:predicate

rdf:subject


rscdfs:SR_Statement



rdf:object





RRG/BG/BDFSDFS Behaviour Statements Behaviour StatementsRRG/BG/BDFSDFS Behaviour Statements Behaviour Statements

rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement is a class of the is a class of the behaviourbehaviour instances. This class is a subclass of instances. This class is a subclass of rscdfs:SR_Statement with extended properties. rscdfs:ResourceAgent class plays role of the subject range. rscdfs:SR_Statement with extended properties. rscdfs:ResourceAgent class plays role of the subject range. Range of the statement’s predicate is restricted by rgbdfs:B_Property class (subclass of the Range of the statement’s predicate is restricted by rgbdfs:B_Property class (subclass of the rscdfs:SR_Property). An object of the rscdfs:SR_Property). An object of the behaviourbehaviour statement can be represented by rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container statement can be represented by rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container (container of nested (container of nested behaviourbehaviour statements if root statements if root behaviourbehaviour is complex) or atomic execution. is complex) or atomic execution. rscdfs:falseInContext property makes a link to goal container, which contains goal statement(s) (because rscdfs:falseInContext property makes a link to goal container, which contains goal statement(s) (because behaving has a sense when a goal is not achieved). If the presence of a Goal is a necessary condition for the behaving has a sense when a goal is not achieved). If the presence of a Goal is a necessary condition for the behaviourbehaviour, then context statements (condition of the environment) is a sufficient condition (which is , then context statements (condition of the environment) is a sufficient condition (which is represented by contextual container via the rscdfs:trueInContext property).represented by contextual container via the rscdfs:trueInContext property).





rdf:object

rgbdfs:hasBehaviour





Behaviour Statement ExampleBehaviour Statement ExampleBehaviour Statement ExampleBehaviour Statement Example



Agent has money

Agent buys flowers

Agent comes to Mirja

Agent presents flowers to Mirja

rdf:object

rgbdfs:hasBehaviour


Agent has presented flowers to Mirja



rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statementrgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement

rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement

rgbdfs:Goal_Statementrgbdfs:Goal_Statement

rgbdfs:Goal_Statement

RRG/BG/BDFSDFS Containers ContainersRRG/BG/BDFSDFS Containers Containers

rgbdfs:Goal_Container rgbdfs:Goal_Container is a class of the goal container instances. This class is a subclass of is a class of the goal container instances. This class is a subclass of rscdfs:SR_Container in general. It represents a container of goal statements, which define the goals. Such rscdfs:SR_Container in general. It represents a container of goal statements, which define the goals. Such container plays a role of context (via rscdfs:falseInContext property) for a container plays a role of context (via rscdfs:falseInContext property) for a behaviourbehaviour statement till the goal will statement till the goal will be achieved, and that is why it is a direct subclass of rscdfs:Context_SR_Container. rgbdfs:gMember property be achieved, and that is why it is a direct subclass of rscdfs:Context_SR_Container. rgbdfs:gMember property is a redefined from rscdfs:member property and defines instance of the rgbdfs:Goal_Statement class as a is a redefined from rscdfs:member property and defines instance of the rgbdfs:Goal_Statement class as a member of the container. member of the container.

rgbdfs:Behaviour_Containerrgbdfs:Behaviour_Container is a class of the is a class of the behaviourbehaviour container instances. As a subclass of container instances. As a subclass of rscdfs:SR_Statement it has a redefined rgbdfs:bMember property. A main role of the rscdfs:SR_Statement it has a redefined rgbdfs:bMember property. A main role of the behaviourbehaviour container is to container is to collect the nested collect the nested behaviours for a complex behaviour (represented by behaviour statement).behaviours for a complex behaviour (represented by behaviour statement).

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:Goal_ContainerGoal_Container

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:gMembergMemberrgbdfs:rgbdfs:Behaviour_ContainerBehaviour_Container

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:bMemberbMember

Some complex goals can be divided to the set of component sub-goals. Thus, goal container plays role of the Some complex goals can be divided to the set of component sub-goals. Thus, goal container plays role of the

goal set, members of which are sub goals of complex goal. A property goal set, members of which are sub goals of complex goal. A property rgbdfs:subGoalrgbdfs:subGoal is definedis defined in in RG/BDFS-liteRG/BDFS-lite to specify the set of sub goals for a complex goal. The domain and range for this property are to specify the set of sub goals for a complex goal. The domain and range for this property are

rgbdfs:Goal_Statementrgbdfs:Goal_Statement and and rgbdfs:Goal_Containerrgbdfs:Goal_Container classes correspondingly. classes correspondingly.

rscdfs:SR_Statementrscdfs:SR_Statement

rscdfs:SR_Statement

RRG/BG/BDFSDFS Complex (nested) Goals Complex (nested) GoalsRRG/BG/BDFSDFS Complex (nested) Goals Complex (nested) Goals


SSSSSSPPPPPP


rscdfs:predicate



OOOOOO





rdf:objectrscdfs:predicate

rgbdfs:subGoal

rdf:subject

rscdfs:SR_Statement



Mirja has birthday

Mirja likes flowers

Complex Goal ExampleComplex Goal ExampleComplex Goal ExampleComplex Goal Example


MirjaMirjahashas


rscdfs:predicate



FlowersFlowers

Agent has > 10 EUROAgent has > 10 EURO

Agent is located at the flower marketAgent is located at the flower market

Agent has flowersAgent has flowers


rgbdfs:subGoal

rdf:subject

rscdfs:SR_Statement

Agent is located at Mirja’s homeAgent is located at Mirja’s home


Simple behaviour, which means performing a certain action (execution of certain method, code…), can be Simple behaviour, which means performing a certain action (execution of certain method, code…), can be

described via described via rgbdfs:executergbdfs:execute property (instance of the rgbdfs:B_Property class), which defines instance property (instance of the rgbdfs:B_Property class), which defines instance

of of rgbdfs:Executionrgbdfs:Execution class for a resource agent. This instance describes exact method (code, service and class for a resource agent. This instance describes exact method (code, service and

etc.), inputs, outputs and other features of execution entry. RG/BDFS-lite has etc.), inputs, outputs and other features of execution entry. RG/BDFS-lite has rgbdfs:hasBehaviourrgbdfs:hasBehaviour property (instance of the rgbdfs:B_Property class) to define a complex behaviour (which means performing a property (instance of the rgbdfs:B_Property class) to define a complex behaviour (which means performing a set of nested behaviours) for an agent. This property defines a set of behaviour statements via behaviour set of nested behaviours) for an agent. This property defines a set of behaviour statements via behaviour container for a resource agent.container for a resource agent.

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:Behaviuor_StatementBehaviuor_Statement

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:Behaviuor_StatementBehaviuor_Statement


rscdfs:SR_Statement

RRG/BG/BDFSDFS BehaviourBehaviourRRG/BG/BDFSDFS BehaviourBehaviour





rdf:object

rgbdfs:hasBehaviour

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:falseInContextfalseInContext




rgbdfs:rgbdfs:ExecutionExecution

rdf:objectrgbdfs:subject

rgbdfs:execute

rgbdfs:predicate




Agent presents flowers to MirijaAgent presents flowers to Mirija

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:ExecutionExecution

rdf:objectrgbdfs:subject

rgbdfs:execute

rgbdfs:predicate


Agent has flowers


Agent comes to MirjaAgent comes to Mirja

Agent buys flowersAgent buys flowers


rscdfs:SR_Statement

Behaviour ExampleBehaviour ExampleBehaviour ExampleBehaviour Example



Agent has money


rdf:object

rgbdfs:hasBehaviour

rgbdfs:rgbdfs:falseInContextfalseInContext

Mirja has flowers



Agent is located at Mirja’s home



RRG/BG/BDFSDFS Role RoleRRG/BG/BDFSDFS Role Role

Another important part of behaviour structuring is an agent role and related goal definition. Another important part of behaviour structuring is an agent role and related goal definition.

rgbdfs:hasRolergbdfs:hasRole property defines a role ( property defines a role (rgbdfs:Rolergbdfs:Role) for resource agent in certain context. Another ) for resource agent in certain context. Another

property, that is related to the agent role, is property, that is related to the agent role, is rgbdfs:goalsrgbdfs:goals, which defines a goal or a set of the goals , which defines a goal or a set of the goals correspondent to the subject rolecorrespondent to the subject role via a goal container. Resource agent may have different roles and a set of via a goal container. Resource agent may have different roles and a set of goals can be different even for the same role depending on the context (environment condition). At the same goals can be different even for the same role depending on the context (environment condition). At the same time a set of the goals can be linked to certain agent directly (without role specification) through time a set of the goals can be linked to certain agent directly (without role specification) through

rgbdfs:hasGoalsrgbdfs:hasGoals property.. property..

rgbdfs:hasRolergbdfs:rgbdfs:RoleRole


rdf:subject


rscdfs:SR_Statement







rscdfs:SR_Statement

rgbdfs:goals


rdf:subject

rscdfs:predicate

rdf:object


rgbdfs:hasGoals

rscdfs:predicaterdf:subject


rscdfs:SR_Statement



rdf:object

Agent Platform ArchitectureAgent Platform ArchitectureAgent Platform ArchitectureAgent Platform ArchitectureRG/BDF approach assumes keeping all the goals, roles descriptions and behaviour rules templates in ontology. RG/BDF approach assumes keeping all the goals, roles descriptions and behaviour rules templates in ontology. The behaviour rules templates are described in general way with a purpose to be applied to any particular agent. The behaviour rules templates are described in general way with a purpose to be applied to any particular agent. Such description requires utilization of a handy and flexible description schema (RSuch description requires utilization of a handy and flexible description schema (RG/BG/BDFS-Lite).DFS-Lite).

SmartResource platform contains a Resource History where it stores all statements about resource states and SmartResource platform contains a Resource History where it stores all statements about resource states and conditions, actions that are performed by resource agent and other information that can be useful for it. There are conditions, actions that are performed by resource agent and other information that can be useful for it. There are also can be located some executable modules (codes) that agent should perform as an output of its behaviour also can be located some executable modules (codes) that agent should perform as an output of its behaviour rule chain. Otherwise it should utilize external web services. Agent always should interact with ontology to be rule chain. Otherwise it should utilize external web services. Agent always should interact with ontology to be able to download necessary role, goal description or behaviour template whenever the agent needs it.able to download necessary role, goal description or behaviour template whenever the agent needs it.

Behaviour template represents a rule for behaviour. Represented by behaviour statement the template contains Behaviour template represents a rule for behaviour. Represented by behaviour statement the template contains necessary condition (goal) and sufficient condition (condition of the environment) as the contexts of rule necessary condition (goal) and sufficient condition (condition of the environment) as the contexts of rule performance and a set of the performance descriptions as an output of the rule.performance and a set of the performance descriptions as an output of the rule.

Resource Resource HistoryHistory

Ontology

Templates

RolesGoals

Behaviour rules

Resource Resource AgentAgent

Behaviour description

Templates

Executable Executable modules or modules or

Web ServicesWeb Services

Execution module descriptions

Template examplesTemplate examples

Role Role and and Goal templatesGoal templates Role Role and and Goal templatesGoal templates

Nested Goal templateNested Goal templateNested Goal templateNested Goal template

Nested agent Nested agent behaviour behaviour Nested agent Nested agent behaviour behaviour

Current and future workCurrent and future work Current and future workCurrent and future work

Current and future workCurrent and future work (cont.) (cont.)Current and future workCurrent and future work (cont.) (cont.)

Service AgentService AgentService AgentService Agent

Common ontologyCommon ontology

Service PlatformService PlatformService PlatformService Platform

Web-ServiceWeb-ServiceWeb-ServiceWeb-Service

Goal-driven behavior

Thank you!Thank you!

Questions?Questions?

Thank you!Thank you!

Questions?Questions?

R GB DF : R ESOURCE G OAL AND B EHAVIOUR D ESCRIPTION F RAMEWORK

Documents

Transcript of R GB DF : R ESOURCE G OAL AND B EHAVIOUR D ESCRIPTION F RAMEWORK