Quick Facts Hazarat Mohammad Pbuh

7/30/2019 Quick Facts Hazarat Mohammad Pbuh

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Quick Facts

Born on

Place of Birth

Father Name

Mother Name

Wives

Children

Died on

Age of

Place of Death

Cause of death

Resting place

22 April, 571 A.D / 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal, 1st year of theElephantMakkah, Arabia (present-day Mecca, Makkah Province,Saudi Arabia)Abd Allah ibn Abd al-MuttalibAminah bint Wahb11 to 137 (3 sons and 4 daughters)8 June, 632 A.D / Rabi-ul-Awwal, 11th Hijri63Yathrib, Arabia (present-day Medina, Hejaz, SaudiArabia)Illness (high fever)Tomb under the Green Dome of Al-Masjid al-Nabawi

in Medina, Saudi A...

Muhmm in llh lso spll Mohmm or Mohmm ri ) was thefounder of the religion of Islam. He is considered by Muslims to be a messenger and prophet ofGod, and the last law-bearer in a series of prophets. Muslims thus consider him the restorer of anuncorrupted original monotheistic faith of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and otherprophets (Peace On All).

Historic division of life of Mohamamd (Peace Be Upon Him)

The life of Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) can be divided into two parts.

Meccan life Medinan life

Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) was born and lived in Mecca till migration to Madina. Thisperiod is generally divided into two phases,

Before declaring the prophecy (Birth to Prophecy) After declaring the prophecy. This period called in Arabic "Nabawi". (Prophecy to before

Migration to madina).

Minn lif strts from migrtion to min till Mohmms P Upon Him) th. Itscalled Medinan period / Hijri.

Meccan life of Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him)
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Aminah bint Wahb mother of the Muhammad

Before prophethood

22 April, 571 A.D / 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal, 1st year of the

Elephant

Khatm-al-Anbiya (The Seal of Prophecy) was born in Makkah. The blessed being made hisappearance from the person of Sayyida Amina (ALLAH Bless With Her) who diverted totally

the very stream of human history who uplifted humanity from the lowest pit of degradation andraised it to the zenith of glory and grandeur who heralded a new message of peace and prosperityfor the suffering people and bestowed upon them a panacea for all pains and ills. He was namedMohammadThe Praised one orHe who is glorified. The new-born was of the BanuHashim clan of the Quraysh and orphaned before birth. His father Hazrat Abdullah (ALLAHBless With Him) had died before his birth. According to the custom of Arab noblemen, infantswere given into the charge of Bedouin women who suckle and nourish the infants. This blessedchild entrusted to Hazrat Halima Sadia (ALLAH Bless With Her) for nourishing.


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576 A.D

He was five years old when Hazrat Halima Sadia (ALLAH Bless With Her) returned him to hismother Sayyida Amina (ALLAH Bless With Her).

577 A.D

He was six years old when his mother Sayyida Amina (ALLAH Bless With Her) taken him toMadina for a visit. She wanted him to see the grave of his father. It was a long journey, whenthey returned and encamped at a place named Abwa, Sayyida Amina (ALLAH Bless WithHer) fell ill and in a few days she was died.In this strange and lonely place, young Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) saw thelast agonies of the nearest and the best-loved person heknew, with no one to share hisbaffled and piercing grief, except a slave girl named Hazrat Umm-e-Aiman (ALLAHBless With Her).The blessed child was fatherless when he left on this journey and

motherless when he returned.After the burial of Sayyida Amina (ALLAH Bless With Her), Hazrat Umm-e-Aiman (ALLAH Bless With Her) returned young Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him)to his grandfather. Abdul Muttalib took the responsibility of his grandson.

579 A.D

He was only eight years old when his grandfather died. After h is grnfthrs th, his unlAbu Talib became his guardian. In later years, he was brought up by his uncle.

583 A.D

At the age of twelve, he went to Syria for trade along with his uncle. He was then growing upand had begun to look at men and things around with a curious and observant eye. In later years,Abu Talib trained him to be a merchant. With the passage of time, he established himself as aman of high moral status and a trustworthy trader, thus he come to be known as Al-Sadiq (thetruthful one) & Al-Ameen (the trusted one)

590 A.D

At the age of twenty, He took part Harb-ul-Fijar (Sacrilegious War) betweenthe Quraysh and Banu Qais lan over a trade conflict. He took part in that waron behalf of Quraysh.

Four months after Harb-ul-Fijar (Sacrilegious War) a peace treaty called Hulf-ul-Fudul (oath of virtue or the pact of chivalry) was renewed by Quraysh aimedprotection of trade caravans passing Makkah, being supported by HazratMohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him).


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595 A.D

March, 595 A.D / ZilhajAt the age of twenty five, he became the business partner of Sayyida Khadija (ALLAH BlessWith Her) a wealthy and prestigious lady of Makkah. She requested him to take her trade articlesof merchandise to Syria and he accepted this offer. His visit to Syria proved very successful.Sayyida Khadija (ALLAH Bless With Her) was so stuck by his good sense, his honesty and hisblameless ways that she proposed him by her close friend named Nafeesa. He accepted herproposal after the consultation with his uncle.

September, 595 A.DHazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) married Sayyida Khadeja (ALLAH Bless With Her).He was twenty five then and Sayyida Khadeja (ALLAH Bless With Her) was forty. HazratMohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) had now a home of his own and no further worries regarding

his living. Syyi Khj LLH Blss With Hr) ply vitl rol in prophts lif; shwas honored to be the first wife of the prophet and during her life time, the only one. (She spent25 years with prophet) she bore Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) two sons namedSayyidna Qasim and Sayyidna Abdullah (who both died in infancy) and four daughters namedSayyida Zainab (ALLAH Bless With Her) Sayyida Ruqayya (ALLAH Bless With Her) SayyidaUmm-e Kulsoom and Sayyida Fatima (ALLAH Bless With Her).

598 A.D

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) begun to spend long hours in solitary meditation into a

cave he had found in mountain of Hira nearby. Here he pondered and meditated in long andlonely vigils. His periods of loneliness became more frequent and his vigils lengthened as heapproached the age of forty.

599 A.D

At the age of twenty eight, the first baby was born who was named Qasim (ALLAH Bless WithHim). This child died in infancy.

600 A.D

At the age of thirty, his first daughter Sayyida Zainab (ALLAH Bless With Her) was born.

603 A.D

At the age of thirty three, his second daughter Sayyida Ruqayya (ALLAH Bless With Her) wasborn.


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604 A.D

At the age of thirty four, his third daughter Sayyida Umm-e-Kulsoom (ALLAH Bless With Her)was born.

605 A.D

At the age of thirty five, he took part in rebuilding of Khana-e-kaaba andsettled a quarrel over the placing of Hajar-e-Aswad (Black stone) and savedQuraysh from a certain blood shed. For their idolatry and pagan customs, theArabs still revered the Kaaba as the holy of holies. In the Kaaba there is a blackstone held to be particularly sacred. When they decided to rebuild Kaaba, therewas furious wrangling over the Hajar-e-Aswad (Black stone) whoever waschosen to put it back into its place in the structure, it was felt, would acquire a

pride and precedence that would humble all competitors. Every chief ofQuraysh therefore, claimed the honour. The quarrel waxed hot and bloodshedseemed imminent. At last they asked Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him)to arbitrate and settle the issue among them. He spread out his wrap on theearth, placed the holy stone in the middle and asked all the claimants to lift thewrap and carry it to the Kaaba. Then he pickedup theHajar-e-Aswad (Blackstone) himself and fixed it in its place. Thus much bloodshed was avoided.

At the age of thirty five, his fourth daughter SayyidaFatima(ALLAH BlessWith Her) was born.

After prophethood

12 February 610 A.D / Ramadan-ul-Mubarak

Th ginning of th Prophts mission; t th g of forty, h gn to riv th rvltion ofQuran in a cave (Hira) at the summit of a mountain (Jabal-e-Noor) outside Makkah. Where theprophet (Peace Be Upon Him) was engaged in meditation on one of the last nights of the monthof Holy Ramadan, Gabriel (Peace On Him) appeared to him with the first revelation thebeginning of verses sura (96:1-5)

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Read with the name of your Lord Who created (1) Created man from a clot (2) Read, and

your Lord only is the Most Beneficent (3) The One Who taught to write with the pen (4)

The One Who taught man all what he did not know (5)

Gabriel (Peace On Him) disappeared then and Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) camehome, strangely troubled, and said to his wife:Cover me up, Khadeja, cover me up!

After a while, he became calmer and spoke his wife of the divine commendments revealed tohim. Sayyida Khadija (ALLAH Bless With Her) comforted him:Fear not, my noble one, but rejoi ce.

God wil l not for sake you in thi s aff air nor expose you to shame.

For you are good and kind a tru thf ul . You are hospitable to the passing stranger;

You aid and comfort the poor and the lowly, and support the vir tuous in r ighteous deeds.

Syyi Khij LLH Blss With Hr), without momnts hsittion, pt th truth of

his words. She thus became the first to believe that the Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) had indeedbeen charged with a divine mission, followed by Sayyidna Ali (ALLAH Bless With Him) hiscousin, and Hazrat Zayd b. Harith (ALLAH Bless With Him) his freed servant. The first convertfrom outside the family circle was Sayyidna Abu Bakr (ALLAH Bless With Him) a respectedmerchant and best friend of Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him). After this, quietly andunobtrusively, Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) went round preaching, relating towhomsoever would listen or seemed likely to accept, the message and the commandments he hadreceived. Thus three years passed. These three years produced only forty followers for his faith.These forty are known as Al-Sabiqun-al-Awwalun (the First and foremost).

614 A.D / 4th Nabawi

At the beginning of the fourth year of revelation, Devine message came: (26:214)

!And O dear Prophet Mohammed (Peace Be Upon Him), warn your closest relatives.To act upon this Devine order, Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) arranged a feast inwhich he invited his family members, his clan Banu Hashim. The feast is to be known as Dawah-

Dhul-Asheerah (The feast of the nearest kinsmen). At the end of this feast, HazratMohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) declared that there is no god but ALLAH who chose him ashis messenger. The meantime Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) asked the guests to giveup the paganism and to worship the one and the true God. His family members listened to himwith growing anger; some of them shouted abuses at him when he insulted their gods. AbuLahab one of his uncles who later became a violent enemy of Islam was particularly harsh in hiswords. By and large the Banu Hashim paid no heed to his words, nor did they give them toomuch importance.


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Few days after Dawah-Dhul-Asheerah (The feast of the nearest kinsmen) the Devine messagecame:

Whatever is commanded and ordained, proclaim it openly. (15:94)So Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) climbed the hill of safa and called out to the peopleof Makkah. When a goodly crowd had collected, Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be UponHim) proclaimed the divine message openly, he first of all swore to his own truthfulness andgood faith. Then he asked them to abjure false gods, to worship no one except the one true God,to abstain from promiscuity and lewdness, to live in purity and virtue to treat one another withkindness and consideration, to forsake all suppressions and all pagan practices. The people ofMakkah listened to him with growing anger; they shouted abuses at him when he insulted theirgods. Abu Lahab condemned him as he did earlier and said angrily:O, Mohemmed! Your hands were Perish, had you collected us to listen this?From that day, Abu Lahab became the most violent enemy of Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace BeUpon Him) and his followers. ALLAH revealed a complete Surah in condemnation of AbuLahab. ALLAH says in (111:1-5)

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5May both the hands of Abu Lahab be destroyedand they are destroyed! (1) His wealth

did not benefit him in the least, nor did whatever he earned. (2) He will soon enter the

flaming fire (3) And so will his wife; carrying a bundle of firewood on her head. (4) A rope

made from palm fibre around her neck! (5)By and large the people of Makkah did not pay any heed to his call and refused to give it toomuch importance. They dismissed his sermon as the passing whim of a temporarily obsessed.At the age of forty four, his second son was born who was named Abdullah or Tahir (ALLAHBless With Him). He died in infancy.

615 A.D, 5th Nabawi

Islam attracted some support but provoked a great deal of hostility from infidels who felt theirinterests threatened. Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) observed the cruelties and


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hardships visited on his followers. At last he advised his followers to leave their homes andmigrate to Abyssinia (Modern-day Ethiopia). Nijashi (Negus) The king of Abyssinia of that timewas very merciful and upright; he permitted Muslims to stay in his country and to perform theirreligious rites according to their belief, despite attempts by infidels of Makkah to turn himagainst the Muslims.

Two notable chiefs of Quresh, Sayyidna Hamza (ALLAH Bless With Him) and SayyidnaUmar (ALLAH Bless With Him), embraced Islam. The day Sayyidna Umar (ALLAH BlessWith Him) did so, the Muslims felt so elated that they offered their prayers openly and incongregation.

616 A.D / 6th Nabawi

When the infidels of Makkah felt that they were unable to stop the progress of Islam, the triballeaders of Quraysh put their heads together and finally they decided upon a scheme. Theyshow th unity ginst prophts ln Bnu Hshim n nn th whol fmily. Thy rwup a joint proclamation and hung it upon the walls of Kaaba. It read,

It has been agreed that henceforth no one in Makkah shall have any dealings or transactany business with Mohemmed b. Abdullah, his family or his followers. No one shall sell

food to them nor visit them, nor converse with them. This ban will continue until Banu

Hashim hand him over to us to be treated as he deserves.

This social boycott was so rigidly enforced that Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) andhis followers were forced to leave the town and find shelter in a nearby valley called Shib-e-AbiTalib (Valley of Abu Talib). This boycott continued for three years.

619 A.D / 10 Nabawi

Finally, the social boycott came to an end, and Muslims, along with the prophet Mohemmed(Peace Be Upon Him) returned back to the Makkah. Immediately after the end of social boycott,Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) experienced the bitter phase of his life when AbuTalib his loving and beloved uncle and protector, head of Banu Hashim died. In the same year, afw wks ltr, Hzrt Mohmms P B Upon Him) lov wif, Syyi Khj(ALLAH Bless With Her) also passed away after a tender and faithful association of twenty-fiveyears. Thus Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) lost two of his best beloved and nearestones within the short span of a few days. So this year came to be known as Aam-ul-Huzn (TheYear of sorrow).At the age of forty nine, he married Sayyida Sawdah (ALLAH Bless With Her) aged thirty-five;the widow of a late companion of Prophet Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) named Hazrat

Sakran b. Amr (ALLAH Bless With Him).Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) married the daughter of Abu Bakr (ALLAH Bless WithHim), Syyi ysh LLH Blss With Hr). Sh ws to th Prophts fvorit wif, na presence that kindled his intuition and sense of spiritual immense. Sayyida Ayesha (ALLAHBless With Her) had a sound knowlg of Hith n Sunnh thts why towrs th n of hrlife; she was often consulted on matters of Hadith and Sunnah.Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) went to Taif (A town, sixty miles away from Makkah)for preaching, the people of Taif treated him even more brutally than did the people of Makkah.


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They set their bullies and street urchins after him, who abused and mocked him and pelted himwith stones. Wounded and hurt, his shoes filled with the blood dripping from his cloths, he tookshelter in an orchard and sitting under the shade of a tree. His greatness lies in the fact, instead tocurse the people of Taif, he asked ALLAH to forgive them.

620 A.D / 10 Nabawi

On the return journey from Taif, Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) recited the Quran atnight in Nakhlah (Oasis) seven passing Jinn (Genie) stopped and listened.

22 March, 620 A.D / 27th Rajab, 10 Nabawi

The incident of Mairaj (A Sacred Night journey) took place in which the prophet was taken inone night from Makkah to Jerusalem, mounted on the steed Al-Buraq (The miraculous steed)brought to him by the Angel Gabriel (Peace On Him) From the temple Mount the prophet

accompanied by Gabriel (Peace On Him) ascends to the Divine Presence. The same night (AtMairaj) five Ritual prayers were made incumbent on Muslims which must be performed at fiveappointed times each days.

620 A.D / 10 Nabawi

Six pilgrims of the tribe of Khazraj of Yathrib (Madina) belong to an agricultural community tothe north, came to Makkah. Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) preached them and lateron they accepted Islam.

621 A.D / 11 NabawiThe first Aqabah covenant (Oath of allegiance) took place. Twelve men of the tribes of Khazrajand Aws came in the presence of Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) and took the oath ofallegiance.

622 A.D / 12 Nabawi

The second Aqabah covenant (Oath of allegiance) occurred. Seventy two men came in thepresence of Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) and accepted Islam. They pledged todefend the Prophet and promised to be with Islamic Movement whatever the circumstances will

be.

12 September, 622 A.D / 27th Safar-ul-Muzaffar, 13 Nabawi

At the age of fifty two, Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) decided to migrate fromMakkah to Madina. The position of Muslims had become untenable, but they were saved by aninvitation form the people of Yathrib, who wanted Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) to come


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and arbitrate in the feuds the racked their community. At last Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace BeUpon Him) left for Madina accompanied by Sayyidna Abu Bakr (ALLAH Bless With Him).During this journey they took shelter in a cave called Saur, some distance from Makkah. Forthree days they hide in the cave, the pursuers hovering around. One day a band came so near themouth of the cave that their voices could be distinctly heard inside. Sayyidna Abu Bakr (ALLAH

Bless With Him), greatly troubled in heart, said to Prophet Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him):There are only two of us and they are many. What if we are discovered?

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) replied,Fear not, there are not two of us but three, and the third amongst us is God.

16 September, 622 A.D / 1st Rabi-ul-Awwal 13th Nabawi

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) and his companion Sayyidna Abu Bakr (ALLAHBless With Him) left the cave Saur and left for Madina.

Medinan life of Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him)

Masjid-e-Quba


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27 September, 622 A.D / 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal 1st Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) arrived at the city of Madina. He was accorded a redcarpet welcome by the people of Yathrib; when the Holy prophet entered the city, the daughtersof the Ansar (helpers) welcomed him with the recitation of these words;Tala-ul-badr-u-Alaina-min-saniyyat-el-wadaaie

(The moon has shone upon us from the two hills of Widaa)

The name of the town was changed to Madina, the city of prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) Therehe delivered his first Friday sermon and led the prayer. The year in which the migration fromMkkh to Min took pl ws turning point of prophts lif n milston of Islamichistory called hijrah. The hijrah marked the beginning of the Muslim era and the beginning ofIslamic calendar as well.

622 A.D / 1st Hijri

Masjid-e-Quba (Mosque of the Quba) was built at three miles away from Madina. Quba infect avillage outside Madina where the prophet first arrived after his migration from Makkah, and herehe built a mosque later known as Masjid-ul-Taqwa (the mosque of Reverence). This isconsidered to be the first mosque in Islam.Beginning of Azan (The call to prayer); in addition to the call, mosques would display a whiteflag as a signal that the prayer was being called, at night, a lamp was lit on the top of the minaretto serve the same purpose.Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) set a relationship between Muhajriin (Refugees ofMakkah) and Ansar (Citizens of Madina or Helpers). This is to be known as Muakhat. In fact

most of the Muhajriin (Refugees of Makkah) were prosperous and well-to-do, but now they wereall equally destitute. As a preliminary step, Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) enjoinedthe Ansar (Citizens of Madina or helpers) to adopt as brothers their co-religionists namelyMuhajriin (Refugees of Makkah) to share with them like their own kith and kin whatever theypossessed, in prosperity and in want. These bonds endured and Muhajriin were soon absorbedinto the community.Masjid-e-Nabawi (Mosque of the Prophet) started to build in Madina. It is the second mostvenerable mosque in Islam, after the Masjid-ul.Haram (the grand Mosque of Makkah). The firstmosqu on th sit of toys strutur ws support y th trunks of stning plm trs ththad grown there, and Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) himself worked on itsconstruction. In its time, Masjid-e-Nabawi was the principal mosque in Islam, where the prophet

spent much of his time with his companions.

623 A.D / 1st Hijri

In Madina there was a large Jewish population with whom Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be UponHim) negotiated an agreement in order to adjust their relation with his followers. This is to be


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known as Mithaq-e-Madina (Charter of Madina). The salient features of that agreement were asfollows:

1. Every tribe and clan would manage its affairs and settle its own disputes according to itsown law.

2.

No party in Madina, either Muslim or Jewish would directly negotiate any treaty oragreement at any time with any outside party rising beyond the precincts of Madina.3. In case of war out side Madina no citizen of Madina would be compelled to join either of

the warring parties.4. In all disputes in Madina, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) would be the final arbitrating

authority.

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) was privileged the right through divinerevelation to fight for defensive reasons.Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) led the very first battle of Islamic history,named Viden. Battle of Sawwan took place.

Battle of Dhul-Asheerah took place.

624 A.D / 1st Hijri

Hazrat Salman Farsi, the Persian (ALLAH Bless With Him) embraced Islam.

16 March, 624 A.D / 17 Ramadan-ul-Mubarak, 2nd Hijri

The battle of Badr was fought. Badr a valley lies 90 miles away to the south of Madina, wherethat battle took place, after the name of that valley (The battle front) the battle is to be known as

Th ttl of Br. It ws th first mjor nountr with infils and HazratMohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) led the 313 devotees. That was a milestone not only in theIslamic history but also in the world history, when a Small army of just three hundred Muslimsdefeated a strong force of more than one thousand infidels of Makkah. That was the battle inwhich Angles led by Gabriel (A.S) joined the Muslims. That was the battle in which notablechiefs of Quraysh and bitter enemies of Islam like Ut,ba, Shai,ba, Waleed, Umayyah and Abu-Jahl (Father of ignorance, the worst enemy of Islam) were put to death by a small but anenthusiastic Muslim army. Abu-Jhls th ws n xmplry vnt of tht ttl whn h wsput to death by two young boys of Madina, named Ma,uz and Ma,az. At the beginning of thebattle Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) threw a handful of pebbles at the infidels of Makkah, saying:Abased be those faces.

A later revelation of Quran said that:


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!

So you did not slay them, but in fact ALLAH slew them; and O dear Prophet Mohammed

(Peace Be Upon Him) you did not throw (the sand) when you did throw, but in factALLAH threw; and in order to bestow an excellent reward upon the Muslims; indeed

ALLAH is the All Hearing, the All Knowing. (8:17)Another secret of the victory of Muslim force lies in the fact that they fought as a disciplinedbody with an order of battle. To this the Quran says:

( )

Indeed ALLAH likes those who fight in His cause, positioned in rows, as if they were an

edifice fortified. (61:4)The Muslim casualties were fourteen, those of the infidels seventy among few bitter enemies ofIslam were killed, the rest being held for ransom. The battle amounted to be an astonishingvictory for the Muslims, and that gained them political credibility for their cause among othertribes and soon they emerged as one of the strong forces of the world.

624 A.D / 2nd Hijri

The fasting of the month of Ramadan was made mandatory on Muslims. The prophet (Peace BeUpon Him) recommended fasting as a spiritual discipline.

February, 624 A.D / 2nd Hijri

During the prayer, Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) got the revelation of changing thedirection of prayer from Jerusalem to Makkah and congregation followed the suit, so Makkahwas declared as new Qiblah (Prayer Direction) for Muslims. The mosque where the Prophet

turned towards Makkah during the prayers is now called Masjid-ul-Qiblatain (Mosque of the twoprayer direction)

624 A.D / 2nd Hijri

Battle of Salim took place.


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Muslims got the felicity of celebrating Eid-ul-Fitar. At the mean time they got the divineorder to pay the Fitrah (the Amount at the feast of fast breaking). It is Special alms(Zakat) called Zakat-ul-Fitr, it is consist of a measure of grain for every member of thehousehold (or its equivalent in value) it is given directly to the poor.

Zkt ws m mntory on Muslims. Trm Zkt is tkn to mn purifitionfrom th vrZk whih signifis to thriv, to wholsom n to pur.The giving up of a portion of the wealth one may possess, in excess of what is needed forsustnn, to purify or lgitimiz wht on rtins. It is on of th fiv pillrs of Islman is in fft tx on ons possssion. It my pi irtly to th poor s lms.

625 A.D / 3rd Hijri

Hazrat Mohammed (Peace Be Upon Him) married Sayyida Hafsah (ALLAH Bless With Her) the21 year-old daughter of Sayyidna Umar (ALLAH Bless With Him). She was the widow ofHazrat Khunays (ALLAH Bless With Him), who had martyred in a battle.

21 March, 625 A.D / 6th Shawwal-ul-Mukarram, 3rd Hijri

Battle of Uhud took place. Uhud on the western outskirts of Madina is a hill with a plainstretching before it. Infidels of Makkah were gathered there to avenge their defeat at Badr. Onthe morning of the battle 300 men of Muslim force under Abdullah b. Ubayy (The leader of thehyporits ftion in Min) srt th propht s th troops ro out of th ity, leaving theMuslims only 700 strong. Nevertheless, the Muslims were close to victory when forty archerswhom Hazrat Mohammed (Peace Be Upon Him) had stationed on the hill to remain there andguard the flank, saw that the Muslims were wining, most of them abandoned their post, this leftthe way open for a counter-attack by a detachment of the infidels cavalry. The ten Muslim

archers who had remained faithful to their orders proved too small number to hold the cavalryand were cut down. Caught by the breakthrough of th infils vlry, Muslim for wsrouted and the prophet (saww) himself was wounded momentarily knocked unconscious. Therumor of prophts th us th infils to withrw thinking th ttl won. Whn thinfidels learned that the prophet had survived it was too late to launch a counter-attack.In this ttl Syyin Hmzh . ul Muttli n unl of th propht n on of Islmsmost formidable warriors, was martyred speared by a slave named wahshi. Hind, daughter of aslain chief of Quaish at Badr, thirsting to revenge her father and her kinsman killed at Bard, hadset her slave to this exploit with promises of reward. Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be UponHim) greatly mourned Sayyidna Hamzah (ALLAH Bless With Him), foremost of the martyrs ofUhud.

625 A.D / 3rd Hijri

Battle of Hamar-ul-Asad took place. Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) married Sayyida Zainab b. Khuzaymah

(ALLAH Bless With Her), a widow of Hazrat Ubaydah (ALLAH Bless With Him), whohad martyred in the battle of Badr. She was known as the Umm-ul- Masakin (The motherof the poor) for her generosity. She died not long after the marriage.


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625 A.D / 4th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) led the Muslims in the battle of Banu Nadeyr. Wine was declared prohibited in Islam. Battle of Dat-ul-Rajee took place. Battle of Dat-ul-Raqa took place. Battle of Beir-e-Mauna took place.

626 A.D / 4th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) married Sayyida Umm-e-Salmah (ALLAHBless With Her) the widow of Hazrat Abu Salmah (ALLAH Bless With Him), who hadmartyred in the battle of Uhud.

Battle of Badr-ul-Ukhra took place.

626 A.D / 5th Hijri

Hazrat Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) led the Muslims in the battle of Daumat-ul-Jandal.

Battle of Banu Mustaliq took place. Hazrat Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) married Sayyida Juwayriyyah b.Harith

(ALLAH Bless With Her) daughter of the chief of the Banu Mustailq, who thus becameallied to the prophet (Peace Be Upon Him).

627 A.D / 5th Hijri

Hazrat Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) married Hazrat Zainab b. Jahash (ALLAHBless With Her), the divorced wife of his freed man Hazrat Zayd b. Harith (ALLAHBless With Him).

The order of observing Pardah (The covering of the head, face and body by women inpublic) was revealed.

23 March, 627 A.D / 28th Shawwal-ul-Mukarram, 5th Hijri

Madina is besieged by infidels of Makkah: Battle of Khandaq (The Trench) also called Ahzab(War of the Confederates) took place. The Quraysh had made an alliance with certain desert

tribes, the Bannu-Ghatafan and Jews of Banu Nadir who had emigrated from Madina to Khyber.Hazrat Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) ordered his devotees a defensive trench to be dugaround Madina, a strong hitherto completely unknown to the Arabs but used by the Sassanid(People of Persia) it was Salman Farsi, the Persian, who gave the idea to the prophet, the trenchtook six ys of fvrish work to ig only wk for th ttk. rmy of th infils vlrywas stopped by the trench, they attempted to cross the trench but not succeeded, the attackerslaid siege for two weeks. At last the Quraysh abandoned the siege and left precipitously the most


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notable casualty on the Muslim side was Hazrat Saad b. Muadh, chief of one of the clans of thetribe of Aws.

627 A.D / 5th Hijri

Battle of Banu Quraiza took place.

627 A.D / 6th Hijri

Battle of Banu Liyhan took place.

March, 628 A.D / Dhu-ul-Qadah, 6th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) signed the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah with infidels ofMakkah. By virtue of The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, the infidels of Makkah had to agree to

compromise with the Muslims. Though, few terms of that treaty were seemed completely againstth Muslims intrsts ut for th long run point of viw, thy wr in fvor of Islm nprophet (Peace Be Upon Him) knew it. Afterwards, the glad tiding of a manifest Victory wasrvl whih onfirm th prophts (Peace Be Upon Him) vision and sagacity:

We have indeed, for your sake O dear Prophet Mohammed (Peace Be Upon Him) bestowed

a clear victory. (48:1)Hudaybiyyah is a place on the road from Jeddah to Makkah; just outside the Haram (restrictedprecinct) Here Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) stopped and awaited the outcome ofevents when prevented from making the pilgrimage by the infidels of Makkah. A Quranicrevelation (48:27) declared the Prophet would pray at Makkah. He set out to perform pilgrimageat Makkah with a party of about 1000 men unarmed and in Iharam (pilgrim dress). The Qurayshstopped the party at Hudaybiyyah, about ten miles from Makkah. Sayyidna Uthman (ALLAHBless With Him) was sent to negotiate with infidels when he did not return at the expected time,many thought that he had been killed or captured and that all was lost. In this moment of peril,th prophts followrs iniviully m nw oth of flty to th prophts known s Bit-ur-Ridwan (The pact of felicity). Sayyidna Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) himself representedthe absent Sayyidna Uthman (ALLAH Bless With Him) by proxy in this oath. Sayyidna UthmanLLH Blss With Him) rturn with som infils. Th Qurysh gr to tru, Thp of Huyiyh. Unr th onitions of this trty th propht woul llow to makethe pilgrimage not then but in the following year. Makkah would be emptied for three days forthe Muslim pilgrims. The peace also stipulated a truce for ten years, that those who were not freebut subjects or dependents of the Quraysh and who defected from the pagans to the Muslimwould be returned to the Quraysh by the Muslims, whereas those who were subject to theMuslims and who defected from the Muslims to the Quraysh would not be returned by the


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Quraysh. Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) performed the pilgrimage the followingyear. The testimony of faith declaring that there is no god but ALLAH and Mohemmed (PeaceBe Upon Him) is the messenger of ALLAH rang out in the valley of Makkah. The Qurayshcamped on the hill of Abu Qubays, heard it, a portent of the coming triumph of Islam. Othereffects were equally far-reaching. The desert tribes had seen the infidels of Makkah dealing with

the Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) as an equal and as a sovereign, and many turnedto the new religion. Shortly thereafter, in the year 630 taking an incident between an allied tribeand the infidels of Makkah as a breach of the truce, Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be UponHim) marched upon Makkah and conquered it, meeting almost no resistance.

628 A.D / 6th Hijri

Sayyida Rehana b. Shamun (ALLAH Bless With Her) entered the household of HazratMohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him). She was originally Jewish and came from BanuQuraiza.

Sayyida Maria , the Copt (ALLAH Bless With Her) entered the household of HazratMohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) who was originally a slave-girl who was sent to thepresence of Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) as gift from Muqawqis, theByzantine viceroy ruling the Copts in Egypt. She bore Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace BeUpon Him) a son, Sayyidna Ibrahim (ALLAH Bless With Him) who died eighteenmonths after his birth.

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) married Sayyida Umm-e-Habiba (ALLAHBless With Her) the daughter of Abu Sufyan, the leader of the Quraysh and widow ofUbayd (Who had been converted to Christianity in Abyssinia, where he died).

June, 628 A.D / 30 Muharram-ul-Haram, 7th Hijri

Battle of Khayber took place. Shortly after the Muslims returned from Hudaybiyyah, they learntthat the Jews of Khayber were planning another attack on Madina to avenge their defeat. Theiragents, it was reported, were inciting other tribes as well. To forestall these moves the Muslimsmarched on Khayber with sixteen hundred men and the Khayber fortress, reputed to beimpregnable, was stormed and conquered by Sayyidna Ali (ALLAH Bless With Him) after asiege lasting twenty days. As a result the Jewish citadels of Khayber were conquered, and thegrowing strength of the Muslims became apparent.

628 A.D / 7th Hijri

To avenge their defeat at Khayber, the Jews made a conspiracy against Muslims; theyplanned to kill Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) and some of his companions.For implementing the conspiracy, the wife of a Jewish notable slain in the war ofKhayber, invited Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) and some of his companionsto a meal in her house. The food was poisoned. Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be UponHim) had barely tasted the food when he suspected treachery and stopped eating but oneof his companions, Hazrat Bishr b. Bara, died of poisoning. According to the law of thetime the whole Jewish community should have been held accountable for this treacherous


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crime and punished accordingly but Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) held hishand and only the guilty woman was punished.

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) married Sayyida Safya (ALLAH Bless WithHer), the seventeen-year-old widow of Kinanah, chief of the Jews of Khaybar who hadbeen killed at Khaybar. Sayyida Safya (ALLAH Bless With Her) accepted Islam and

married the prophet on the return journey to Madina. Battle of Wadi-ul-Qura took place.

April, 629 A.D / Dhu-ul-Qa, dah 7th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) with two thousand of his trusted followers performedUmra-tul-Qaza (pilgrimage) as agreed in the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, and Hazrat Bilal (ALLAHBless With Him) called the prayer (Azan) from the top of the Kaaba, thus the Kalimah-e-Shahadah (the testimony of the faith) echoes in the valley of Makkah, while the Quraysh watchand listen from the hill of Abu Qubays. The Muslims scrupulously observed the terms of theTreaty of Hudaybiyyah, even though they were now strong enough to dictate their own terms if

they so desired.

629 A.D / 7th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) married Sayyida Maymuna (ALLAH Bless With Her )after the pilgrimg to Mkkh. Sh ws th sistr in lw of Prophts unl Hzrt s, n widow.

629 A.D / 8th Hijri

Hazrat Khalid b. Walid (ALLAH Bless With Him) and Hazrat Amr b.Al-Aas (ALLAHBless With Him) embraced Islam.

Hazrat Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) led the Muslim force in battle of Mauta. Thatwas the battle in which Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) addressed HazratKhalid b. Walid (ALLAH Bless With Him) by the name of Saif-Ullah (The Sword ofALLAH) which then became his honorary title.

January, 630 A.D / Ramadan-ul-Mubarak, 8th Hijri

Mecca was conquered by the Muslims in January 630 AD . It is called Fatah-e-Mubeen, The

Glorious Victory.In 628 the Meccan tribe of Quraysh and the Muslim community in Medina signed a 10 year trucecalled the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah.According to the terms of the treaty of Hudaibiyah, the Arab tribes were given the option to joineither of the parties, the Muslims or Quraish, with which they desired to enter into treatyalliance. Should any of these tribes suffer aggression, then the party to which it was allied wouldhv th right to rtlit. s onsqun, Bnu Bkr join Qurish, n Khuzh joinMohammed. They thus lived in peace for sometime but ulterior motives stretching back to pre-


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Islamic period ignited by unabated fire of revenge triggered fresh hostilities. Banu Bakr, withoutring it for th provisions of th trty, ttk Bnu Khuzh in pl ll l- Wateerin Shn, 8 .H. Qurish hlp Bnu Bkr with mn n rms tking advantage of the darknight. Prss y thir nmis, th trismn of Khuzh sought th Holy Sntury, ut hrtoo, their lives were not spared, and, contrary to all accepted traditions, Nawfal, the chief of

Banu Bakr, chasing them in the sanctified areawhere no blood should be shedmassacredhis adversaries.This behaviour on the part of Quraish was clearly a breach of the treaty of Al-Hudaibiyah andws oviously n t of hostility ginst th llis of th Muslims, i.. Bnu Khuzh.Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, the leader of the Quraysh in Mecca, sensing that the balance was nowtilted in Muhammad's favour and that the Quraish were not strong enough to stop the Muslimsfrom conquering the city, travelled to Medina, trying to restore the treaty. During his stay, he wasrepulsed by Ali and by his own daughter Ramlah, who now was one of Muhammad's wives.Though Muhammad refused to reach an agreement and Abu Sufyan returned to Mecca emptyhanded, these efforts ultimately ensured that the conquest occurred without battle.Muhammad assembled an army of approximately 10,000 men and marched towards Mecca.

Again Abu Sufyan travelled back and forth between Mecca and Muhammad, still trying to reacha settlement. According to the sources, he found assistance in Muhammad's uncle Al-Abbas,though some scholars consider that historians writing under the rule of Abbas' descendants, theAbbasid Dynasty, had exaggerated Abbas' role and downplayed the role of Abu Sufyan, whowas the ancestor of the Abbaside's enemies.On the eve of the conquest, Abu Sufyan adopted Islam. When asked by Muhammad, heconceded that the Meccan gods had proved powerless and that there was indeed "no god butAllah", the first part of the Islamic confession of faith. When asked about the second part, theprophethood of Muhammad, Abu Sufyan still expressed some doubt but eventually yielded tothreats, issued according to different sources by either Al-Abbas or Umar. In turn, Muhammaddeclared Abu Sufyan's house a sanctuary:He Who enters the house of Abu Sufyan will be safe, He who lays down arms will be safe,

He who locks his door will be safe

He also declared:ALLAH has made Mecca a sanctuary since the day He created the Heavens and the Earth,

and it will remain a sanctuary by virtue of the sanctity Allah has bestowed on it until the

Day of Resurrection. It (fighting in it) was not made lawful to anyone before me. Nor will it

be made lawful to anyone after me, and it was not made lawful for me except for a short

period of time. Its animals (that can be hunted) should not be chased, nor should its trees

be cut, nor its vegetation or grass uprooted, nor its Luqata (most things) picked up except

by one who makes a public announcement about it.

Then along with his companions Muhammad visited the Kaaba. The idols were broken and the

stone gods were destroyed. Thereupon Muhammad recited the following verse from the Qur'an.

" Say the Truth is come and falsehood gone; Veri ly falsehood is ever vanishing."The people assembled at the Kaaba, and Muhammad delivered the following address:There is no God but ALLAH. He has no associate. He has made good His promise that He

held to his bondman and helped him and defeated all the confederates. Bear in mind that

every claim of privilege, whether that of blood or property is abolished except that of the

custody of the Ka'aba and of supplying water to the pilgrims. Bear in mind that for any


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one who is slain the blood money is a hundred camels. People of Quraish, surely God has

abolished from you all pride of the time of ignorance and all pride in your ancestry,

because all men are descended from Adam, and Adam was made of clay.

Then Muhammad turning to the people said:O Quraish, what do you think of the treatment that I should accord you?

And they said,Mercy, O Prophet of ALLAH. We expect nothing but good from you.

Thereupon Muhammad declared:I speak to you i n the same words as Joseph spoke to his brothers. Th is day there is no r eproof

against you; Go your way, for you are free.

Muhammad's prestige grew after the surrender of the Meccans. Emissaries from all over Arabiacame to Medina to accept him. Ten people were ordered to be killed. However, they werenot all killed; at least Ikrimah lived to adopt Islam and fight in future battles amongMuslim ranks.

1st February, 630 A.D /11 Shawwal-ul-Mukarram, 8th Hijri

Battle of Hunain took place. Immediately after the conquest of Makkah the Muslims fought abattle against the allied tribes of Hawazin and Thaqif at a point between Makkah and Taif.The Muslim victory in this battle persuaded the desert tribes to accept Islam and shortlythereafter the rebel tribe of Taif also surrendered and entered Islam.

3rd February, 630 A.D/ 13 Shawwal-ul-Mukarram, 8th

Hijri

Battle of Taif took place.

630 A.D / 9th Hijri

The beginning of the year of Deputation; when tribes from all over Arabia acceptedIslam.

The Department for alms and charity was established.

October, 630 A.D / Rajab-ul-Murajab, 9th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) led a military expedition to Tabuk in North Arabia. Itwas the last battle who led by Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him).

630 A.D / 9th Hijri

Usury was declared prohibited in Islam.


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Tribes Hamadan, Banu Asad and Banu Abbas embraced Islam.

631 A.D / 9th Hijri

Hajj (the pilgrimage) that year was led by Sayyidna Abu Bakr (ALLAH Bless With Him). Hajj

was made obligatory for Muslims who are affluent enough.

632 A.D / 10th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) set off for Makkah to perform the last Hajj.

9 March, 632 A.D / 9th Zilhaj, 10th Hijri

Th Frwll Pilgrimg whil livring his lst srmon t plin of rft to th multituHazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) received the final revelation of Quran. In his last

sermon at Arafat, he mounted his camel and said:O, people, li sten carefu ll y to my words for I may not be among you next year, nor ever

address you again from thi s spot.

O, people, verily ALLAH has made inviolable for you each others blood and each others

proper ty, unti l you meet your lor d, even as he has made inviolable this, your day, in thi s your

land, in th is your month.

O, people, women have rights over you just as you have rights over them. Be good to them.

O, people, you may soon have to appear before your lord and answer for your deeds. So,

beware! Do not go astray after I am gone.

O, people, no prophet or apostle wil l come after me and no new faith wil l be born.

O, people, li sten to me in earnest! Worship your Al lah; say your prayers, fast dur ing the

month of Ramadan, and give of your wealth in chari ty. All Muslims, free or enslaved, have thesame responsibi li ties. None is higher than other un less he is higher i n vi r tue.

O, people, feed your slaves as you feed your selves. Do not oppress them nor usurp their

rights.

During the sermon of Arafat the last passage of Holy Quran was revealed:


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The disbelievers are in despair concerning your religion, so do not fear them and fear Me;this day have I perfected your religion for you* and completed My favour upon you, and

have chosen Islam as your religion; so whoever is forced by intense hunger and thirst and

does not incline towards sin, then indeed Allah is Oft Forgiving, Most Merciful. (*Prophet

Mohammedpeace and blessings be upon himis the Last Prophet.) (5:3)Thus Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) turned his blessed face to heaven and said:My Lord! Have I delivered aright the Massage I was charged with and fulfilled my calling?

And the assembly responded with one voice:Oh, Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) by God! You have!

Thereupon Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) lifted his fore-finger towards the heaven

and then pointing towards people, said:O, Lord: Bear Thou witness unto it.

632 A.D / 13th Zilhaj, 10th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) returned to Madina.

632 A.D / 18th Safar-ul-Muzzaffar, 11th Hijri

Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) fell ill.

8 June, 632 A.D / Rabi-ul-Awwal, 11th Hijri

On one of the day of the month of Rabi-ul-Awwal, in 11th year of the Hijrah, Rehmat-al-il-Aalameen (A mercy to the universe) Hazrat Mohemmed (Peace Be Upon Him) passed away inthe home of the favorite of his wives Sayyida Ayesha (ALLAH Bless With Her). HazratMohmms (Peace Be Upon Him) tomb in the mosque of Madina is venerated throughoutIslm. Hzrt Mohmms (Peace Be Upon Him) grandson Sayyidna Hassan (ALLAH BlessWith Him) composed two couplets in a eulogy of his great grandfather. These couplets are thereflection of every Muslim. Sayyidna Hassan (ALLAH Bless With Him) says:No eye has ever seen a better person than thee,

And none more handsome than thee was born to any woman;Thou wast created free from all defects,As if thou wast created as thou desir ed to be created.


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"O ALLAH, let Your Peace come upon Muhammad and the family of

Muhammad, as you have brought peace to Ibrahim and his family. Truly, You

are Praiseworthy and Glorious. ALLAH, bless Muhammad and the family of

Muhammad, as you have blessed Ibrahim and his family. Truly, You are

Praiseworthy and Glorious".

Quick Facts Hazarat Mohammad Pbuh

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