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Transcript of Purposeful Painting
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
May 2, 2016
Rocky Worley
2
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
About the Author
Rocky Worley
Game Day Ambassador, Cincinnati Reds
Sports Business and Marketing Majors, Northern Kentucky University
[email protected] | 859-868-9999 |
https://www.linkedin.com/in/rocky-worley-a76088105
I am currently a senior at NKU where I’m taking 18 credit hours this semester to earn dual degrees in sports
business and marketing, and I will finish both in the summer of 2016. My current position as a Game Day
Ambassador for the Cincinnati Reds occupies around 20 hours per week, depending on the schedule, and I spend
around another 20 or so hours a week doing school work. In my very limited free time, I like to fish, play golf, or
paint with water colors (see pictures below). After graduation, I hope to find a job in the southeastern part of the
U.S. to be closer to my daughter, also pictured below and to the right. She is the light of my life, and my driving
force in all that I do.Link to cover letter
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“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Table of Contents
1. Background 4
2. Situational Analysis 5
3. Recommendations 6
3.1. Purpose 8
3.2. Ideal Target Customer 9
3.3. Positioning 11
3.4. Branding 12
3.5. Product 14
3.6. Owned and Earned Media 15
3.7. Lead Generation 16
3.8. Lead Conversion 17
4. Appendix 18
5. Reference List 31
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“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
1. Background
Table 1. Dashboard
Goal Budget Date
Per
sonal
Get more resources for struggling women. 2016
Measurement of effectiveness for events (Profit and Loss statement) 2016
Mari wants to work full-time for Purposeful Painting and expand their cause to other cities 2017
Str
ateg
ic
Raise $1 million annually by year 5 of this plan 2021
Raise $100,000 after the first year of this plan 2017
Position Purposeful Painting and Co-creation Artworks™ as the only non-profit team-builder in Cincinnati 2016
Tac
tica
l
Develop monthly schedule of events (workshops, classes, fundraisers, etc.) 2017
Plan at least 1 corporate team building event per month for the first year 2017
Raise brand awareness of Purposeful Painting being the only non-profit team builder in
Cincinnati by 100%2017
Host 1 Co-creation session per week in the studio in Covington for the first year 2017
It was just before Christmas of 2012 when Lou asked Mari what she wanted this year. She said she didn’t need anything. She suggested that
they take the money they would have spent on each other and help a few friends who were struggling. Once they started telling others what
they were doing, they wanted to help as well, and gave them money. So they decided to start Purposeful Painting, Inc. a 501(C)(3) non-profit
foundation.
They created their trademarked Co-creation Artwork™ sessions and started a studio in their basement in Covington, KY. They began selling
the paintings that were created and gave the money to local single mothers in need, a situation Mari was familiar with. In her past, Mari herself
was a struggling mother who lay awake a t night wondering if she should buy gas or food the next day. To date, Purposeful Painting has been
able to raise and donate almost $30,000.00.
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“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
2. Situational Analysis
Figure 1. Situational Analysis
Purposeful Painting provides a unique, trademarked co-creation process to create one-of-a-kind pieces of art that clients
can keep, or donate for auction, with all proceeds going to support local single mothers in need.
Purposeful Painting should focus their purpose on enabling connections
Using their unique co-creation process which allows teams to improve their creativity, engagement, and collaboration by
collectively working on several paintings at one time. Pieces are usually based on inspirations relative to the company of
their field, but not always, and are truly one-of-a-kind.
The outlook is bright for Purposeful Painting; they have a unique brand with a strong product (Co-creation Artworks™), a
unique logo, and enormous growth potential, but there are a few things to be concerned about. The largest team building
company in the country operates here in Cincinnati, along with other unique team-builders like Cincinnati Escape Room.
Brand awareness is low, the purpose of Purposeful Painting and Co-creation Artwork™ were not aligned, and loyalty is
difficult to achieve with this product. Lastly, expanding too quickly could pose significant difficulties. It is recommended
to use the Cincinnati market as a learning tool; develop a model here, and when successful, expand the business.
S WO T
Non-profitCo-creationLocal causeLow costsPromotions
Double brandingNo variety (only painting)WebsiteNo loyalty programPrice unclear (website)
Tax deductible for businessesCincinnati parks for inspiration55% of people will pay
extra for products from
companies committed to
positive social impact,
Saturated local market (charities)Low budget for team buildingMany art galleriesCompanies limited to
50% of their adjusted
gross income written
off as a deduction
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
6
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3. Recommendations“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
Purposeful Painting has developed a unique brand of co-creation that sets them apart from other team builders in the region. Their technique coupled with the fact that they are a local non-profit with tax deductible contributions, create a unique product in a thoroughly saturated non-profit market in Cincinnati.
In order for Purposeful Painting to raise awareness of their brand and differentiate their product from competitors, they should do the following:• To have the purpose of enabling connections and doing good
• To target Josh, a marketing director from a local company
• To position based on their unique brand of co-creation and non-profit benefits
• To brand with the tagline “Inspiring teams; co-creating dreams”
• To have a unique team building product that improves engagement, creativity, innovation, and collaboration with all proceeds benefiting local single mothers in times of need
• To generate leads by attending trade shows
• To convert leads by offering discounts for first-time customers and for referrals
7
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Figure 2. The Path
Adopt a clear purpose focused on co-creation (p.8)
Target well-established companies with 50+ employees in Greater
Cincinnati area and understand their problems (p. 9)
Position the brand as one that makes people more creative and improves the lives of struggling
single mothers and their children (p. 11)
Adopt branding fundamentals for making customers believe the brand
is inspiring, caring, and empowering and one that connects people and makes them feel like an
artist with a good heart. (p. 12)
Present the service as Co-creation Artwork™ as a product that helps people step out of their comfort
zone to feel creative and connected with others. (p.14))Create an online identity around the
caring, inspiring, and empowering brand character (p.15)
Generate new leads by…(p.16)
Convert customers into loyals by ….(p.17)
All single mothers have access to education, job training, quality child
care, and equal wages and thus capable of ensuring their children’s successful transitions to adulthood.
All single mothers have access to education,
job training, quality child care, and equal wages
and thus capable of ensuring their children’s
successful transitions to adulthood.
12
8
7
4
3
5
6
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
8
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3.1. Purpose
Figure 3. Mosaic
Purposeful Painting’s purpose should be co-creating art to empower people with more creativity and collaboration and
provide working women with a brighter future. Co-creation provides clients an opportunity work together strengthening
their bond with one another, thereby increasing their engagement with one another, which leads to more productivity in the
work place. The companies can also benefit from the fact that 67% of employees prefer to work for a socially responsible
cause (appendix b), and using Purposeful Paintings services does just that; it supports the cause of helping local women in
times of need.
Purposeful Painting should imitate Cincinnati Team Buildings business model, since they are the largest team building
organization in the country. They also focus on enabling connections which lead to higher employee engagement and
productivity. The major advantage Purposeful Painting will have over them is their co-creation process, and being a non-
profit with tax deductible contributions.
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
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“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3.2. Ideal Target Customer
Figure 4. The Ideal Customer Figure 5. Market Need and Description
Purposeful Painting should target medium to large companies with at least 50 employees in the Greater Cincinnati area that can
improve their productivity and innovation by boosting employee’s engagement, creativity, and collaboration. These companies
are involved in charitable giving already. They employ a large number of millennials who prefer to work for a company that is
socially responsible. These companies will have a high level of employee engagement already, but are always looking to
improve.
Josh Harris is an example of Purposeful Painting’s ideal target customer. Josh is the marketing manager for one of the many
brand lines at Proctor and Gamble. A majority of his employees are recent graduates, and almost all are millennials. He
understands the demands placed on creative departments such as his, and is always looking for better ways to innovate, and
generate new ideas. He has tried a few corporate team builders in the area, but wasn’t very impressed with them. He prefers to
work with companies that are socially responsible to support the corporate culture of his parent company, P&G, who supports a
majority of causes in Cincinnati, and throughout the world.
“Josh Harris is a marketing manager at a large corporation in Cincinnati. He is always looking for new ways to innovate but prefers to work with companies that are socially responsible.”
Support local causes
Always engaged
*24% of US
population
*Most educated
generation
*Like brands with
strong values
*Rely on smartphones
to access information
*Express personality
through brands
Philanthropic causes
*Urban lifestyle
*Optimistic
*Hard-working
*value social responsibility
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
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“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Table 2. Target customer profileDemographics Age 18-35
Gender Male and Female
Family Status Single, 28% married, 4% divorced, 68% never married
Children 30% women have children, 47% of birth non-marital
Job “Job hopping”
Education 23% have a Bachelor’s degree (male 21% vs. female 27%)
Income $61K (household), $25K for younger and $48K for older Millennials
Location Urban, Cincinnati, NKY
Ethnicity 57% white, 21% Hispanic, 13% black, 6% Asian, most diverse
Religion Unattached to religion, 56% Christian, 36% unaffiliated
Psychographics Interests Philanthropic causes, 38% have tattoos, 23% have piercings, urban life, technology, health, food (foodies)
Values Friends, family, authenticity, creativity, 38% value environmental sustainability, leaders in gluten free movement, city living, 19% believes most people can be trusted, 68% support same sex marriage
Traits Optimistic (about future), self-expressive, self-absorbed, wasteful, greedy, hard-working, early adopters (66% reported buying a new product recently), tech savvy
Behavioral Retail Shop and spend more than other generations, savvy shoppers/look for deals, buy local, 29% willing to pay for healthy options, shop at Target
Brands Engages and expects 2-way, personal interaction with brands, active online critics, loyal to brands, like brands with strong values, want distinct feeling from each brand, express personality through clothing, 21% cite brand loyalty for purchase decisions
Music Music important in everyday life, listen to rap, hip hop, alternative, and reggae, streaming music
TV Stream TV and movies, 40% rely on TV for media
Places Seek online entertainment or right outside of their door
Celebrities Influenced by celebrity endorsements
Social Media “Digital natives,” 81% on Facebook, 75% have a social media profile
Mobile Sleep with their smart phones, rely on smartphones to access information, 59% access media online while in the home, 40% use a phone to watch videos at home
Online 44% believes firms keeps information private, pay online rather in cash
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
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“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3.3. Positioning
Figure 7. Visual Example
Purposeful Painting should be positioned on its effort to help local single women in times of need. The have a one-of-a-kind,
trademarked Co-creation™ process that generates profits for women in this community. Co-creation is a unique type of team
building where clients work together on multiple pieces of art to build employee engagement, creativity, collaboration, and
innovation. The pieces are later auctioned off to support the cause.
If Purposeful Painting can differentiate itself from its competitors based on these unique factors, they should be able to generate
revenue in excess of $100,000 to meet their goal for year one.
Figure 6. Perceptual Map
Tea
m B
uil
din
g
Non-profit that supports local cause
Purposeful Painting is a local non-profit with a patented team building concept called Co-creation Artworks™. Their co-creation sessions help clients to increase creativity, collaboration, engagement, and innovation.
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
12
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3.4. Branding
Purposeful Painting allows its clients to improve creativity, collaboration, engagement, and innovation through its
patented Co-creation Artworks™, and support local charitable organizations with tax deductible donations.
Table 2. Branding Fundamentals
Brand Purpose: Co-creating art to empower people with more creativity and collaboration and provide working
women with a brighter future
Target Customer: Purposeful Painting should target medium to large companies with at least 50 employees in
the Greater Cincinnati area that can improve their productivity and innovation by boosting employee’s
engagement, creativity, and collaboration.
Brand Performance Equities
Functional• Team building
• Engagement
• Unlikely collaboration
• Creativity
• Helping women
• Trademarked co-creation
process
• Non-profit organization
• Covington, KY
Experiential• Choosing inspiration
• Pushes people out of
comfort zone
• Part of the team
• Trying something new
• Co-creation
Emotional• Feeling artistic
• Happy
• Relaxed
• Engaging
• curious
Brand Benefit: Stepping out of comfort zone to feel creative and connected with others
Reasons to Believe: Co-creating Artwork™, real estate agent, non-profit status, single mother, experience,
Covington, KY
Brand Positioning: Making people more creative and collaborative and improving lives of struggling single
mothers and their children.
Brand Equity: PP awakens my ability to connect with others and feel like an artist with a good heart
Brand Character: Caring, empowering, inspiring
Tagline: “Inspiring teams; co-creating dreams”
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
Experiential• Choosing inspiration
• Pushes people out of comfort zone
• Part of the team
• Trying something new
• Co-creation
Functional• Team building
• Engagement
• Unlikely collaboration
• Creativity
• Helping women
• Trademarked co-creation process
• Non-profit organization
• Covington, KY
Emotional• Feeling artistic
• Happy
• Relaxed
• Engaging
• curious
Brand Equity
PP awakens my ability to connect
with others and feel like an artist
with a good heart
Brand Character
Caring, empowering, inspiring
Tagline
“Inspiring teams; co-creating dreams”
Brand Purpose
Co-creating art to empower people with more creativity and
collaboration and provide working women with a brighter future
Brand Positioning
Making people more creative and collaborative and improving
lives of struggling single mothers and their children
Brand Benefit
Stepping out of comfort zone to feel creative and connected with
others
Reasons to believe
Co-creating Artwork™, real estate agent, non-profit status, single
mother, experience, Covington, KY
Figure 8. Branding Pyramid
13
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
14
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3.5. Product
Figure 9. Performance Equities
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?Josh is always looking for new ways to inspire his employees’ creativity and knows that they are more likely to be engaged at
work if the employer is socially responsible and contributes to local causes. Therefore, he is likely to use Purposeful Painting
and Co-creation Artworks™ services for his next corporate team building event because of the innovative co-creation process
that builds engagement, collaboration, creativity, and innovation. His team will benefit from the process and the cost of the
event is tax deductible since Purposeful Painting is a non-profit.
Purposeful Painting
Team building
Engagement
Unlikely collaboration
Creativity
Choosing inspiration
Pushed out of comfort zone
Part of the team
Trying something new
Co-creation
Feeling artistic
Happy
Relaxed
Engaging
curious
Helping womenTrademarked co-creationNon-profit organization
Covington, KY
15
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3.6. Owned and Earned Media
Figure 10. Visual Example
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
A LinkedIn company page provides your business with the opportunity to tell your company’s story, engage with followers, share
career opportunities, and scale your word of mouth marketing.
By producing content that your viewers want to see and share with others, your viewers become engaged advocates of your company
and expand your reach and influence.
According to LinkedIn, your company should post as many status updates as your content supports. You will reach more of your
audience and extend your reach as you post more often. Companies that post 20 times a month, on average, reach 60% of their
followers with 1 or more updates; and 20% of followers are typically reached with one status update.
On LinkedIn, you can use your company description to emphasize how you stand out from your competitors. Include company news
and share information about your company culture to reach potential new clients and convey your company’s values, mission and
vision.
16
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3.7. Lead Generation
Figure 11. Visual Example
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
Josh sees trade shows as crucial tools for both exhibitors and attendees, especially in eCommerce and retail. As eCommercecontinues to develop, the market is flooded with options, competition, and new developments. Trade shows provide him a one-stop shop to keep up with industry trends, develop new contacts, and gain competitive insight when it comes to market data and trends.
Trade shows are essential for comparing products and meeting suppliers. You have the chance to speak with vendors one-on-one about their products to find the best fit for what you need. Josh also realizes that often the biggest insights come from the people who share your goals and interests - a conversation with another retailer might lead to new ideas, or even new partnership opportunities.
Purposeful Painting can also benefit from attending trade shows for some of the same reasons. Most importantly, it will afford them the opportunity to network with the exact businesses they hope to target. Trade shows are the best option for Purposeful Painting to generate new leads.
*Great opportunity to network
*Hundreds of companies represented
*Keep up with industry trends
*Emphasize the benefits of Co-creation Artworks™
17
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
3.8. Lead Conversion
Figure 12. Visual Example
“How do I improve
employee engagement?
Creativity?
Innovation?
Collaboration?
Attending trade shows can help Purposeful Painting make unlimited connections, but they still need to convert them into customers.
The best way is to hand out promotional material that emphasizes the tax benefit of donating to the cause and how Co-creation can improve engagement, creativity, and innovation.
In the promotional material, offer a 15% discount for using their services for the first time, and a 10% discount for referring another company (other company must utilize services to receive the discount.
15% off for first-time customers
10% off for referrals
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“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Table of Contents (appendix)
Research Summary 19
a. SWOT Analysis - Internal 20
b. SWOT Analysis- External 21
c. Experience Survey with a Client 22
d. Experience Survey with a Customer 23
e. Observations of Co-creation 24
f. Observations of a Prospective Customer 25
g. Competitive Analysis – Strengths 26
h. Competitive Analysis – Weaknesses 27
i. Prospective Target Customer Analysis - Strengths 28
j. Prospective Target Customer Analysis – Weaknesses 29
k. Question and Answers Analysis 30
Reference List 31
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“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Research Summary
Methodology:1. Conducted secondary data research from 28 sources, all dated 2014 to 2016, including Nielsen, Gallup, and company owned and earned media.2. Client interviews on April 26th and April 28th to learn about Co-creation™.3. Observations conducted on April 25th outside Procter and Gamble to profile potential target customers
Analysis Major Finding Page
SWOT
Purposeful painting is the only non-profit team builder in Cincinnati that aims to help struggling single mothers in times of need. They use their patented
method of Co-creation to increase client’s engagement, creativity, collaboration, and innovation. They operate in a market that is thoroughly saturated
with non-profits.
20
Experience survey
with the client
The founder, Mari Knight, is an inspiring, caring, and empowering woman with a first hand experience with the hardships of a struggling single mother.
Today, she is on a mission to use the power of co-creation artwork™ to fight against those hardships22
Experience survey
with a customer
A co-creation participant, who did not perceive himself as an artsy person, did not want to stop painting, felt creative, happy, relieved, and connected to
the emotional character of the founder and the painting. 23
Observations of co-
creation
Co-creation process brings people out of their comfort zones by letting them try something new. The experience makes people feel relaxed, rejuvenated,
and creative.24
Observations of
prospective customers
Prospective customers (P&G employees) display high levels of engagement as most were observed leaving the building in groups. They are
predominately Caucasian, and most appear to be somewhat happy. Only about 40% of them were preoccupied with their cell phones, and only about
30% of them were observed eating or drinking anything on their way in or out of the building at lunch time. Purposeful Painting can identify potential
customers by observing employees leaving in groups (indicates a corporate culture of engagement among employees).
25
Competitive Analysis
Purposeful Painting, as compared to its competitors (e.g., Adventure Associates, Cincinnati Escape Room, Cincinnati Team Building) provides unique
experiences that can make people more creative and collaborative, even in a corporate setting. Because it is a non-profit that uses all of its profits to
provide one-to-one support to struggling single mothers, the cost to corporations is tax deductible.26
Prospective target
customer analysis
Medium to large companies with at least 50 employees in the Greater Cincinnati area that can improve their productivity and innovation by boosting
employee’s engagement, creativity, and collaboration28
Questions and
answers analysis
Improving collaboration builds trust and improves employee engagement which results in improved productivity. Putting people out of their comfort
zones fosters creativity and collaboration which alternatively inspires them and helps them find better solutions to problems. In addition, collaboration
not only brings people together, but it also sparks unlikely ideas.
30
Strengths Weaknesses
Company
Non-Profit, Low Overhead Costs, Small company/easy coordination, honest mission,
transparency in where donations goFew resources, relatively new company, goals are unclear, lacking marketing experience,
BrandUnique logo, driven by a purpose for the greater good, honesty, promotes inspiration,
supports a unique social cause
Unclear focus, double-branding, Purposeful Painting logo itself does not evoke the cause, not
recognizable, may be overly feminist
Product
Co-creation painting is a novel idea, provides value to individuals, provides value to
corporations, variety of painting experiences, benefits of the painting are tangible and
intangible, payment for products can be considered donations
No variety beyond painting, not viable outside the controlled setting, experience is not
proprietary, focused mostly toward women
ChannelsCo-creation can be set up in a place of business, condo location for painting, fundraisers can
be set up anywhere
Not much experience setting up corporate functions, “studio” functions cannot handle many
people, hosting the functions in the condo become overwhelming because this is also a home
PromotionEvents can be set up in a variety of locations, 60% off coupon on Yelp, variety of painting
promotions available, good testimonials on website,
Not very many promotions, no loyalty program, poor social media presence, poor website
organization, event purchasing is not clear
PriceHigh-perceived value, set up costs of this type of team-building event is relatively low, price
paid is tax-deductible, payments are donations to help a social cause
Price is not clear on website, no established price for corporate functions, not competitively
priced
Bottom Line
Purposeful Painting is a small, local non-profit with a transparent mission. They have a
unique logo and a trademarked Co-creation™ process of team building with all contributions
to them being tax deductible. They should position themselves are the only non-profit, team
builder in the city of Cincinnati.
Purposeful Painting is a new company lacking clear goals and marketing experience. They
have a poor social media presence, little to no promotions, and no clear pricing. Purposeful
Painting should follow the recommendations of MKT 480 students to improve areas of
weakness.
20
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
4. Appendix a. SWOT Analysis - Internal
Opportunity Threats
Suppliers
Bulk discount opportunities from places like All Art Supplies.16 Chance for online free shipping on
all needed art supplies.17 Chance to partner with other suppliers through co-branding. Sponsorship
from other suppliers available. Possible donations from suppliers since Purposeful Painting is a non-
profit.
Lack of wholesale opportunities from Michaels.15 Large companies control bigger distribution networks and
will have favorable relations with suppliers. High amount of other art galleries in Cincinnati taking supplies.
Priority given to high profile galleries and museums for supplies. Wine and Paint classes taking large
amount of supplies.
Channels
Sales and promotion opportunities through Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and blogs, along with
website. Retail art venues around Cincinnati such as Suder’s Art Store.18 Possible display of art
through the Cincinnati Art Museum.19 Display and sell art products at Cincinnati local festivals.20
Lots of other art on Instagram. Lack of local retail space in Cincinnati. High competition from other retail
and temporary art galleries for space. Expensive cost of rent downtown. High cost to run a website where
you sell items for money.21
Target Customers
Many large companies downtown that employ a huge number of local people. P&G employs
roughly 12,000 local people.22 Cincinnati Children's Hospital employs nearly 14,000 people. Kroger
employs 20,000 people throughout Cincinnati. Team building activities are increasingly important to
build trust and increase collaboration between large team members.23
Lots of small business in Cincinnati that are members of Cincinnati small business organizations that don’t
have a large amount of money.24 DCI support for small business downtown that lack funds.24 Small business
don’t have much money for team building activities.
Society and Culture
Good relationships with your colleagues is the 2nd most important factor for employee happiness,
67% of people prefer to work for socially responsible companies, 55% of people will pay extra for
products from companies committed to positive social impact, 52% of people made at least one
purchase in the past 6 months from a socially responsible company, 72% of Americans experience
stress daily, 69% of Americans aren’t engaged at work6,7,8,9
American stress levels have not changed in the last decade, Americans spend >60% of their leisure time
watching TV, 71% of Americans prefer P.O.S. donations, Cincinnati is not on the chart of most charitable
cities, Purposeful Painting not a frequently viewed charity10,11,12,13
Competition
No other Non-Profit team-builders, no other co-creation painting team builders, other team builders
have too many customers to tend to one company’s needs, Americans care most about charities that
support families, other local team-builders not focused on helping women14,20,21,22
Market oversaturated with charities, most team-builders have vast resources, most creativity companies
reputations with large companies, current team-building companies have high brand loyalty, local team-
builders have more versatility20,21,22
Economy
Interest rates are extremely low, CPI has been declining this CY, election year doesn’t have impact
on spending, HR spending is up, companies want to spend more on innovation1,2,3,4,5
Companies may not have large enough budget to pay the competitive price for team-building, millennials are
still recovering from the recession, millennials have less spending power than other generations, hiring more
employees means allocating less funds to the charity, living wage requirements are too high to make P.P. full
time job5,20,21,22,23
Political and Legal501(C)3 exempt purposes: specifically focused on relief of the poor, the distressed, and the
underprivileged. Any money spent on PP service is tax deductible25.
Companies limited to 50% of their adjusted gross income written off as a deduction. Lower 30% deduction
limit for certain companies, penalties assessed if the incorrect forms are filled out for tax purposes26
Technology
US has the most technologically powerful economy in the world28. Utilize Instagram, Facebook,
Twitter, and blogs. Easily reach target customers. PP can improve website (ex. Classes and events
tab) to communicate benefits of co-creation to customers24
Lots of competition through Google search providing other team building options. PP does not pop up
under ‘team building in Cincinnati’ Google search. Competitors utilize SM. PP website does not
communicate brand benefits or benefits to customers24
Natural EnvironmentPicturesque locations, such as Devou Park, Incline District, et., as inspiration for co-creation
sessions.
In 2009, Board of Regents eliminated state-based financial aid from the Ohio College Opportunity Grant for
students who attend public 2-year institutions, Cincinnati #2 in nation for child poverty. 25,000 homeless
each year in Cincinnati, ¼ of which are children27
Bottom Line
Purposeful Painting should utilize Instagram to promote Co-creation™ Artworks and establish
themselves as the only non-profit team building activity in Cincinnati. Team building today is key
to employee engagement, which research has shown, increases employee productivity. Companies
like P&G, Kroger, and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital are potential opportunities that Purposeful
Painting should pursue to grow their business.
Purposeful Painting has a lot of competition from other charities in Cincinnati. Market potential for team
building activities are limited to larger corporations as smaller ones do not have the budget for these
services. PP should position themselves as the only non-profit team-builder in the Cincinnati area.
21
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Appendix b. SWOT Analysis - External
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Question Mari Knight - Founder of Purposeful Painting
How much money has been raised for Purposeful Painting? “We have given away $30,000 in donations since 2013.”
Which activities have generated the most revenue? “At one fundraiser we were able to get $7,000. Co-Creation Artwork functions seem to be the consistent way we raise money.”
What are some of your monetary goals for raising money? “We would love to be able to raise $1,000,000! Realistically, we would like to generate $100,000 in a year.”
What is the purpose of Purposeful Painting? “We started it to help the underprivileged, underserved, forgotten women. The woman struggling to provide for her children.”
What are some of the difficulties you experience with this
organization?
“It is a tough market. St. Jude gives away houses. The market is flooded with causes and it’s hard to stand out. We need to make Purposeful Painting
stand out and be recognized nationally.”
Bottom line
Purposeful Painting was created to help the underprivileged, underserved, forgotten woman that’s struggling to provide for her children. They
generate a majority of their revenue from Co-creation™ Artworks, and raised $7,000 in one fundraiser. Their purpose is one Mari, the founder, can
relate to; she was a struggling mother at one time, and understands how it feels to go to bed worrying about how to pay for gas or food. Purposeful
Painting wants to stand out in a saturated non-profit market by providing unique team-building sessions where all proceeds go to helping their local
cause.
22
Appendix c. Experience Survey with a Client
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Question Students
Q1: How was your first round experience with co-creation?
“It was a very emotional and spiritual moment for me. From listening to their stories to picking up the paint brush and stroking the canvas. It was all
a very beautiful and emotional moment!”19
Q2: How did the men feel about co-creation?
“I really enjoyed the experience and found that it was a good team building exercise for the class and can definitely see it being a positive team
building experience for corporations, thereby benefitting the company”19
Q3: How did the women feel about co-creation?
“It was such a beautiful and fun experience. I would love to attend an actual studio class with@purposefulpainting so I could really throw myself in
the moment, and not have to worry about gathering all the information for this project, being afraid I'm going to miss something important during the
discussion. I truly believe this brings people together, and helps you learn to sometimes let go, and not to be scared of things, just dive in and go for
it!”19
Q4: Which of the three paintings completed in class would you
buy? Why?
“I would choose the first piece because I think it really came together well with the colors and the surreal-ness of the picture made it easy to
collaborate on compared to the others. The picture harnesses a kind of starry-night-esq feel but still maintains its originality which is very
important.”19
Q5: How much would you pay for the artwork created? Average price is between $30-$50 per piece.19
Bottom lineA co-creation participant, who did not perceive himself as an artsy person, did not want to stop painting, felt creative, happy, relieved, and connected
to the emotional character of the founder and the painting.
23
Appendix d. Experience Survey with a Customer
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Question Students
Initial reaction to painting
Excited, happy, observing painting. Picking out colors, asking for help
from employee. Focused on painting, deciding where to paint then
beginning painting. Painting slowly, changing colors and brushes.
Stepping back and looking at artwork. Referring to reference photo.
Listening to task being explained.
Reaction when first told to
switch
Laughing, smiling and happy. Slightly confused. Wanting to stay on
current painting. Looking back to previous painting, referring to reference
photo. Talking with other students while switching color pallets. Focused
intently on painting. Taking time to observe previous painting. Asking
previous student who was working on the painting questions. Painting
smaller area, and paining slowly. Taking lots of time to look at painting,
but slowly starting to get more confident.
Reaction when told to switch
again
Hesitant to switch again, wanted to keep painting. Verbally explaining
displeasure with switching again. Laughing, and talking with students.
Getting confused, getting frustrated. Really looking for spaces to paint.
Not painting much. Standing still and just looking at the painting. Trying
to come up with something to paint. Referring back to previous student
for advise. Getting advise from employee.
Reaction when completed
Happy, confused, and amused. Stepping back and observing the painting,
talking with class mates, laughing about the painting. Talking with
instructor. Talking with previous students about painting. Talking about
all three paintings with each other.
Bottom line
Students experience numerous emotions from happy to confused. Most of
them starting painting reluctantly and gained confidence as they moved to
all three paintings. After the co-creation™ session was over, most
students said they were happy with how well the paintings turned out.
This was a great opportunity for Purposeful Painting to demonstrate the
effectiveness of co-creation™ for team building.
24
Appendix e. Observations of Co-creation™
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Happy Confused Sad
Visible Emotions when Switching
Emotions(n=27)
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
25
Appendix f. Observations of a Prospective Customer
100%
59%
52%
41%
35%
29%
12%
0%
75%
56%
48%
44%
38%
31%
0%
0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
White
In a Group
Prospective Customer
Happy
On the Phone
Eating or Drinking
In a Hurry
Smoking
Ob
serv
atio
ns
Observations of Procter and Gamble Employees
% female % male(n=33; 17 males, 16 females)
Bottom Line: Prospective customers (P&G employees) display high levels of engagement as most were observed leaving the building in groups. They are predominately Caucasian, and
most appear to be somewhat happy. Only about 40% of them were preoccupied with their cell phones, and only about 30% of them were observed eating or drinking anything on their
way in or out of the building at lunch time. Purposeful Painting can identify potential customers by observing employees leaving in groups (indicates a corporate culture of engagement
among employees).
Methodology: Conducted observations outside of Procter and Gamble’s headquarters in Cincinnati on Monday April 25th from 11:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. to develop a target market profile
of potential customers for Purposeful Painting’s co-creation™ team-building services. Data was compiled in Excel and displayed in graphical format above.
Purposeful Painting Adventure Associates Cincinnati Escape Room Cincinnati Team Building
CompanyNon-Profit, 501( C ) 3, woman owned,
volunteer based, co-creation™ artwork
Founded in 1991, Works with Nasa, Nike, Capital
One, Ebay, Facebook, and Levi’s, Tangible results.
Experienced teams of professionals, Core values that
include evolution, professionalism, integrity, and
people centered20
Unique escape room concept. Designed for
families, friends, and corporate team building
events. Local Cincinnati location21
Leading team building group in North America.
Work with wide variety of clients. Locations
across NA. All employees listed on their website.
Lots of resources22
Brand
Non-profit, unique logo, good reason to
believe, associated to charitable
donations, trademarked co-creation
artwork™
Listen, Learn, innovate and execute a team building
activity specific to your company, Customized
corporate team building, Branded client success
stories on website, Programs developed with
innovative research technology such as MBTI, Five
categories of team building activities20
Unique keyhole logo. Branded as a
challenge with the “Accept your mission”
button. Consistent imagery. Cincinnati
elements21
Good branding fundamentals. Good reason to
believe. Exciting imagery on website. Customized
to your company. Password protected smartphone
app for your event22
ProductCo-creation artwork™, team building
activity, keep or donate your painting
Build a boat. Design mini golf to benefit charity.
Obstacle course. Build a bridge. Geo-Treking team
building20
Local Cincinnati Challenge. Corporate
Espionage Themed Challenge, 60 minute
collaborative puzzle, interactive and
challenging with a 31% success rate, Special
tours available21
Behavior style 360 matrix, 8 productive practices of
peak performing people. Leading change. Active
employee engagement. Self managed teams.
Password protected smartphone app for your
event22
Place
Covington, KY studio, Montgomery
Inn Boathouse, Sawyer Point, local
companies
Nationwide. Cincinnati location. Popular events in
Seattle, San Francisco, Boston, Atlanta and can come
to you20
Downtown Cincinnati, located near large
companies. Conveniently located off the
interstate, Party rooms that hold up to 70
people21
Based in Cincinnati, but willing to set up anywhere
in NA. Can access content mobile anytime and
anywhere. Can come to your company venue22
Promotion
Local news interviews, testimonials on
website, word of mouth, Facebook,
company website, discounted pricing
for classes
Free downloadable team building pamphlets. Client
success stories on website. Published team building
analysis. Photo and video gallery. Uses FB, Twitter
and Google+20
Social media presence on Facebook, Twitter,
and Pinterest. Photo gallery of victors of
challenges21
Website, ignite magazine, Biz Bash, Password
protected smartphone app for your event22
Price
$50 per person for studio sessions,
$3,000 for corporate team building
events, discounted pricing for class,
painting auction for >$50 per piece,
proceeds to charity
Events start at $3,550 for 15 or fewer and $4,500 for
corporate training workshops. Individual team pricing
model. Provides form for you to fill out to assess your
team building needs and pricing. Over the phone
quotes. Live chat on website20
$28 per person. For groups of 25+ price per
person is $25. Special tours available.
Promotional codes available. Use multiple
coupons at once21
Individual quotes, minimum investment of $3,250.
Various pricing levels22
Bottom Line
Purposeful Painting is a local non-profit
that utilizes their trademarked co-
creation™ artworks to raise revenue
that directly benefits their cause. They
should continue to use their branded
logo and consistently display it on all
promotional materials.
Adventure Associates is well established with clients
such as Nike, Ebay, and Facebook. They have clearly
defined corporate values, and provide surveys for
company to clearly identify their needs for services.
Pricing is comparable to Purposeful Painting. PP
should promote their success stories on own media
like Adventure Associates does.
Cincinnati Escape room offers a unique
concept of team-building. They have a
strong social media presence with a
consistent brand logo. They offer group
pricing and can host groups up to 70 people.
Purposeful Painting should continue the use
of their brand logo and display their prices
on own media.
Cincinnati Team Building is the leading team
building group in North America. Offer services
that focus on 8 productive practices of peak
performing people. They have various pricing
levels with a minimum investment of $3,250.
Purposeful Painting should continue to emphasize
the benefits of their co-creation™ process.
26
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Appendix g. Competitive Analysis – Strengths
Purposeful Painting Adventure Associates Cincinnati Escape Room Cincinnati Team Building
Company
Lack of direction, volunteer based, few
volunteers, small studio space based out of their
home, poor branding fundamentals
Too large a company, lack of coordination and
communication. For-profit mission not driven by charity.
Time split between corporate team building and corporate
training company.
For-profit mission not driven by
charity. Only one location. Not
customizable to your company.
Company may be too large for intimate nature of
team building, for-profit company. Mission not
driven by charity. Focus may be too broad.
Brand
No clear distinction between their brand and
others with a similar name, does not
communicate purpose well, separate purpose
between Purposeful Painting and co-creation
artwork™
Too broad of a focus on team building activities. Actively
recruits partner venues instead of hosting at companies.
No tag line. Brand character
unclear. No reason to believe on
website. Appears to be targeting
kids, but recommended for 14+.
Poor SEO. Poor brand logo. Not a familiar name.
Product
Only offers paintings, limited market, no
consistent quality among products, art is highly
subjective, unclear where your donations go to
Too broad of a focus on team building activities. Far away
retreats. Not industry specific.
Must have a certain number of
members in you group to avoid
being combined with another group.
Only 60 minutes for the challenges.
Have to book far in advance.
Wide variety of products may be too much to
choose from. Costly add-ons to enhance the events
PlaceSmall studio space, in Covington in their home,
company ran out of homeOnly in major US cities.
Only one location. Cannot hold
over 200+ people. Indoors only.
Cincinnati Team building implies only in
Cincinnati.
Promotion
No clearly defined promotional channels, only
word of mouth promotion, limited funds for
advertising, no expertise in brand promotion or
branding fundamentals
Lack of advertising, weak social media presence, no outreach
to companies, no incentives or discounts, no loyalty program.
No outreach to companies. Not
clear where to obtain
promotions/coupons.
Poor SEO. No TV commercials.
Price
No clear cut, consistent price for corporate
events, prices are per person and not per group,
per person price may be too steep for some
customers
Clear pricing per service not available on website. Time
consuming process to fill out form for quote. Collects
personal information when quoting. Live chat for price quote
not available on weekends.
Only pay online at time of booking.
Need to reserve tickets ahead of
time.
Price may be too expensive for some customers.
Event price does not include venue or rental fees.
Costly add-ons to enhance the events
Bottom Line
Purposeful painting is a volunteer based
charitable organization devoted to helping local
single mothers with one-time expenses like car
repairs. PP needs to emphasize their trade
marked co-creation process and how it generates
the revenue necessary to continue their mission
of helping women.
Adventure Associates is a large for-profit team building
company located in major U.S. cities. They have a weak
social media presence, no incentives for loyalty, and have a
tedious price quote process. Purposeful Painting can
differentiate themselves from this competitor by improving
their social media presence and clearly quote their co-
creation™ prices on their website.
Cincinnati Escape Room is a for-
profit company that has no clear
mission or brand character.
Purposeful Painting should
emphasize their mission of helping
women and actively reach out to
companies to differentiate to recruit
more business.
Cincinnati Team Building is a large for-profit
company with a wide scope of services available.
Prices quoted do not include the venue. Purposeful
Painting should emphasize that all prices include
supplies, and they will come to your business
27
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Appendix h. Competitive Analysis – Weaknesses
Procter and Gamble Kroger NKU
Company
Established in 1837, lists stock price on website, use pictures
of everyday people, socially responsible, active blog employs
over 100,000 people globally16
Established in 1883, large number of stores, economies of
scale, partners with Fred Myers Jewelers and other companies,
helps local causes and charities17
Established in 1968, 3rd largest university in the Cincinnati
area, convenient location, one of the fastest growing
universities in the state of KY15
BrandUse pictures of every day people, socially responsible,
diversified portfolio, 16 - billion dollar brands16
Regionally known brand, consistent branding, high brand
equity, Private Selection house brand, associated with helping
the Cincinnati community17
Division 1 athletics, one of the fastest growing universities in
KY, high brand equity, good branding fundamentals, Fuel
NKU15
Product
Offers coupons, strong focus on R&D, diversified portfolio,
300+ products, offered in most retailers including Dollar
General16
Store set up with products grouped together, sell regional best
selling products, large number of products, large organic
section, offers products from Fred Myer’s Jewelers and the
pharmacy17
Variety of undergrad degrees, variety of grad degrees, library
available to students, computer labs available, real-world
experience with local companies, Fuel NKU15
PlaceHeadquartered in Cincinnati, many offices and plants
globally16
Headquartered in Cincinnati, many regional stores,
conveniently located in highly populated areas, marketplaces
that sell more than groceries17
Conveniently located in Highland Heights, minutes from
Cincinnati, short distance from the interstate, compact campus
size, dorms and stadiums close to campus, adequate parking for
students15
PromotionOffers coupons, special promotions, competitive pricing,
active blog16
Coupons, yellow-tag sales, special coupons mailed to your
house, individualized coupons, in store promotions, Kroger fuel
points, radio, tv, billboard advertising, double points for gift
cards17
Billboards, good online presence, use of SM, apparel, division
1 athletics15
PriceCompetitive pricing, lead market position, rising stock price,
coupons, special promotions, 16 – billion dollar brands16
Competitive pricing with Private Selection brand, yellow-tag
sale items, cost disciplined approach, Kroger fuel points,
double points for gift cards17
Lower cost of tuition than UC or Xavier, grants and loans
available, help with study abroad, Fuel NKU15
Bottom Line
Procter and Gamble is a socially responsible, global company
which employs over 100,000 people, and is headquartered in
Cincinnati, OH. Purposeful Painting should capitalize on
P&G’s social responsibility and offer their co-creation™
team-building events to them with emphasis on their support
for a local cause.
Kroger is a regionally known brand headquartered in
Cincinnati, OH. Kroger has consistent branding, high brand
equity, and have been known to support local causes and
charities. Purposeful Painting should position itself to Kroger
as a local charity with a unique approach to team-building.
Kroger’s contributions will be tax deductible, their employee
engagement and creativity will benefit, and the cause is in line
with Kroger’s support of local charities.
NKU is the 3rd largest university in the Cincinnati area. It is
one of the fastest growing universities in the country offering
multiple under graduate and graduate programs. NKU provides
real-world, client based projects to their students to provide
tangible experience to student’s resumes. Purposeful Painting
should maintain the relationship with Dr. Raska and
incorporate more client projects into his classes to maintain
growth.
28
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Appendix i. Prospective Target Customer Analysis - Strengths
Procter and Gamble Kroger NKU
Company
Must search for social media tab, lots of information on
website, lots of navigation on website, large company that has
recently had to downsize due to products that were not
making a profit, loss of market share16
High operating costs, gas productions adds to overall costs,
limited geographic presence, debt heavy balance sheet,
unionized workforce17
Campus not growing as fast as attendance, not much green
space, rising cost of tuition, low student retention rates18
Brand
Not clear how many brands they have, dependent on large
retailers, fake products being sold as P&G products, beauty
and health brands primarily for women16
Limited geographic presence, competition from other retailers
like Wal-Mart or Target, little online shopping presence,
Kroger brand Private Selection viewed as inferior, only known
in Midwest17
Not nationally known, outside students not familiar with NKU,
does not communicate majors effectively, lack of mission
focus18
Product
Not clear how many products they have, increasing product
recalls, increasing lawsuits due to faulty products, fake
products being sold under P&G name16
Organic market still in early phases, complicated distribution
channels, low profit margin, high scrap rate, Kroger brand
Private Selection viewed as inferior17
Growing class sizes, programs not up to par with larger
universities, low student retention rates, student age higher than
most, limited online capacity18
Place Large overhead, high labor costs, complex supply chains16
Unionized workforce, vendor quality control lapses, lack of
online shopping options, high cost of inventory, over crowded
stores17
Only one location, no satellite campuses, minimal residential
capacity, small campus18
Promotion
Blog is not updated frequently, hard to promote in other
countries, domestic products do not translate well in other
countries, poor digital marketing16
Hard to target younger generations, just beginning to learn how
to use the data collected from the Kroger card, high cost to
individualize coupons, high cost to print and mail coupons
out17
Lack of promotion to other regions, limited student association,
limited national media, limited student participation in co-ops,
internships, or leadership roles to promote NKU, few alumni
with political presence in Franfort18
PriceSpecialty products prices seem to be viewed as too high, lots
of competitors with lower pricing16
Debt heavy balance sheet, low profit margin, little online
shopping presence, loss of sales due to large check out lines,
high scrap rate17
Rising cost of tuition, expensive book fees, does not get fair
share of state appropriations18
Bottom Line
P&G recently trimmed their product lines that were not
making profit. It is hard to discern how many brands or
products they currently offer. Specialty product lines are
viewed as too prices in comparison to their competition.
Purposeful may have a difficult time marketing their co-
creation™ to P&G and a time when they are cutting costs.
Kroger has a limited geographic presence (Midwest), low
online shopping presence and low profit margins. It is hard for
them to target younger generations, and they are just starting to
be able to utilize the data collected from their loyalty card
members. Purposeful Painting should emphasize their local
cause of helping women when approaching Kroger, located in
down town Cincinnati.
NKU’s campus is growing, but not fast enough; attendance is
on the rise. NKU only has a regional presence, and not very
much national media. Purposeful Painting should utilize their
connection with the school of business and continue to support
the client based projects like this one to ensure they maintain
growth.
29
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Appendix j. Prospective Target Customer Analysis - Weaknesses
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
Question Mari Knight - Founder of Purposeful Painting
Q1: Why is Improving employee engagement Important for
today’s organizations?
Improving employee engagement is important for today’s organizations because engaged employees are involved in, enthusiastic about and
committed to their work. Second, employee engagement is critical in the organizations financial success.4 69% of disengaged workers stated that
they felt fit and productive yesterday, compared to 94% of engaged workers. This shows that engaged workers are more likely to feel fit and
productive.5
Q2: How can organizations improve employee engagement?
A method of improving employee engagement is regularly sitting down with your employees after a project is completed and ask several questions
including: what went well, what went badly, how can we avoid things going badly in the future, and finally, how can we continue to do well? Asking
these questions gets your employees engaged with the managed process and involved in decision making.6 Another method is to create an inclusive
and diverse culture at work. 50% of engaged employees gave their employer a ‘5’ rating that indicated they were highly confident that their employer
would responded correctly to discrimination concerns. The same study showed that just 3% of actively disengaged employees rated their company a
‘5’ on the same item.7 Finally, improving employee engagement is very important because high levels of employee engagement lead to better
performance through fewer quality defects and safety incidents and less shrinkage, turnover and absenteeism.8
Q3: How can organizations improve engagement of Millennial
employees?
The first way to improve engagement of millennial employees is by being an ethical company that gives back to the community. Almost 70% of
employees say that giving back and being civically engaged are their highest priorities. Second, organizations need to give millennials frequent
feedback to engage the employee. Semi annual reviews are not frequent enough for millennials who like to have a constant update on their
performance. The third suggestion for improving the engagement of millennial employees is to ensure a transparent processes. Companies need to
clearly communicate their processes and results so millennials can feel comfortable and engaged working for a transparent company.9
Q4: Why is creativity so important for today’s organizations?
Creativity is important for today’s organizations because it plays an important role in accomplishing risky projects. Organizations need creativity to
reduce stress and complete high risk projects in a specified time frame.10 Creativity afford organizations the opportunity to generate unique and
alternative ideas.11 Finally creative thinkers within a company are more in tune to the technology shifts, industry trends and competitor actions that
can affect the companies business.12
Q5: How can organizations improve employee's creativity or,
simply, being more playful and willing to take risks?
Organizations can improve creativity by having creative leaders. An organization has to be transparent and let employees know that creativity is
encouraged. Organizations should also acknowledge creativity by recognizing good ideas when their employees have them.13
Q6: How can organizations improve team work?
Cross Collaboration with other teams and organizations increases teamwork. Also communication between departments and groups needs to be kept
open to improve teamwork. Finally companies should building mentorship programs between older and younger employees in order to increase
teamwork between generaitons.14
Bottom line
In today’s business landscape, employee engagement and creativity are highly valued. Research shows that engaged employees value their company
and work harder if the company’s values are in accordance with their own (70% of employees say that giving back and being civically engaged are
their highest priorities). Businesses value creative employees because they generate unique and alternative ideas to complex problems.11 Purposeful
Painting should position itself to business that rely on creativity to maintain competitive in their respective markets.
30
Appendix k. Question and Answers Analysis
“Inspiring teams, co-creating dreams”
31
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