PUMP ARRANGEMENT (POM) · INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT. FTI - ITB PUMP...

EXPERIMENT MODULE

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION LABORATORY

PUMP ARRANGEMENT

(POM)

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

2018

INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.

FTI - ITB

PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)

POM – 2018/PW 2

Contributor:

Dr. Tirto Prakoso, Meiti Pratiwi, S.T, M.T., Dr. Ardiyan Harimawan, Listiani Artha, Kevin

Timothius C, Dr. Pramujo Widiatmoko


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 3

TABLE OF CONTENT

TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................................................. 3

LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... 4

LIST OF TABLE ....................................................................................................................... 5

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 6

CHAPTER II PURPOSE AND TARGET OF EXPERIMENT ................................................ 7

I. Purpose ............................................................................................................................ 7

II. Target .......................................................................................................................... 7

CHAPTER III EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ............................................................................. 8

I. Experimental Tool Scheme ............................................................................................. 8

II. Tools and Experimental Support Materials ................................................................. 8

CHAPTER IV WORK PROCEDURES .................................................................................... 9

I. Experiment steps ............................................................................................................. 9

II. Measurement Method ................................................................................................ 10

BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................... 11

APPENDIX A TABLE OF RAW DATA ................................................................................ 12

APPENDIX B CALCULATION PROCEDURES .................................................................. 13

APPENDIX C JSA CONTROL SHEET ................................................................................. 15


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 4

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Experimental tool scheme arrangement ..................................................................... 8

Figure 2. Experimental flow diagram POM module .................................................................. 9

Figure 3. QH performance curve ............................................................................................. 14

Figure 4. Efficiency curve ........................................................................................................ 14


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POM – 2018/PW 5

LIST OF TABLE

Table I. Examples of observational data .................................................................................. 12


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 6

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Pumps are very commonly used process instruments, not even in factories, pumps are

also familiar in homes. Pumps have two main uses, which is moving fluids from one

place to another (e.g. water from underground aquifers to a water storage tank), and

circulating fluids around the system (e.g. cooling water or lubricants passing through

machines and equipment).

Based on the work principles, pump is divided into two, which is the centrifugal pump

and positive displacement pump. Centrifugal pump is the most widely used type of pump

in the world. The popularity of centrifugal pumps is due to its simple, clear, and tested

working principle, strong, effective, and relatively inexpensive in production. Centrifugal

pumps are suitable for liquids that have low viscosity and for high flow rates. In addition,

this type of pump has been widely used for various purposes, both in housing, industry,

urban, and others.

There are various variations of centrifugal pumps consisting of the same basic hydraulic

component. Among them are end suction pump, in-line pump, double suction pump,

submersible pump, axial-flow pump, and so on.

Centrifugal pump work by transferring mechanical energy from the electric motor to the

fluid through a rotating propeller. Some energy is converted into kinetic energy in the

form of fluid motion, and partly into potential energy, in the form of fluid pressure, or by

passing fluid against gravity to higher altitudes. Pump are one of the most common

equipment in all chemical plants. Therefore, knowledge of these instrument is very

important for chemical engineers. By carrying out this practicum, practitioner will

understand how the centrifugal pump works, how to assess pump performance, and how

the pump arrangement is suitable for a particular purpose.


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 7

CHAPTER II

PURPOSE AND TARGET OF EXPERIMENT

I. Purpose

The purpose of pump arrangement module implementation is :

1. Practitioner knows how to measure pump performance

2. Practitioner can determine when the best time to use an arrangement of pumps in

single, series, or parallel.

II. Target

Practitioner is expected to construct the centrifugal pump performance curves that are single,

series, and parallel.


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 8

CHAPTER III

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

I. Experimental Tool Scheme

The Pump arrangement module experiment scheme is as follows.

Toren

Pump A Pump B

Flow

meter

PI

PI

1

2

3

Figure 1. Experimental tool scheme arrangement

II. Tools and Experimental Support Materials

a. Devices and Measurements

1. Toren

2. Centrifugal Pump

3. PVC pipe

4. Fitting

5. Ball Valve

6. Screw valve

7. kWh meter

8. Suction pressure gauge

9. Discharge pressure gauge

10. Flow meter

b. Bahan/Zat Kimia

1. Water

2. Bayclin/Calcium hypochlorite


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 9

CHAPTER IV

WORK PROCEDURE

I. Experiment steps

Fill toren with water to a minimum water level

as high as suction pipe

Connect the pump with the power

source

Make sure the ball valve opening is in

accordance with the pump to be used

Turn on the pump

Observe suction pressure, discharge pressure, flow rate,

and power used

Mix water with bayclin / calcium

hypochlorite

Adjust the screw valve opening to

the desired variation

Suction pressure

Discharge pressure

Flow rate

Power

Still need to do

variat ions of screw

valve openings

Still need to do variat ion

of pump arrangment used

Turn off the pump

Finish

Start

Yes

No

Yes

No

Figure 2. Experimental flow diagram POM module


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 10

II. Measurement Method

From the experimental results of this pump arrangment module, the data obtained are the

value of suction pressure, discharge pressure, flow rate, and power. These data are obtained

by varying the screw valve opening so that there is a change of pressure on the pressure

gauge. The other data is also obtained by measuring the time taken for 1 round kWh meter

and 5 full rotation (Volume 5 Liter).

The variations done in this experiment are::

1. Valve Opening.

The valve openings are varied at least 6 openings.

2. Arrangement of Pump Used.

The pump arrangement used in this experiment is single pump A, single pump B,

series pump arrangement, and parallel pump arrangement.

i) The ball valve opening for a single pump flow A is by opening only valve 1 (the

screw tap must always be opened)

ii) The ball valve opening for a single pump flow B is by opening only valve 3

iii) The ball valve opening for series pump flow is by opening only valve 2.

iv) The ball valve opening for parallel pump flow is by opening only valve 1 and 3.


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 11

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Jacobsen, Christian Brix. The Centrifugal Pump. Grundfos.

2. http://www.pumpscout.com/all-pump-types/centrifugal-pumps-ptid108.html (Accessed 8

October 2012)

3. http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/centrifugal-pumps-d_54.html (Accessed 8 October

2012)

http://www.energyefficiencyasia.org/docs/ee_modules/indo/Chapter%20-

%20Pumps%20and%20pumping%20systems%20(Bahasa%20Indonesia).pdf (Accessed 8

October 2012)

http://www.pumpscout.com/all-pump-types/centrifugal-pumps-ptid108.html

http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/centrifugal-pumps-d_54.html

http://www.energyefficiencyasia.org/docs/ee_modules/indo/Chapter%20-%20Pumps%20and%20pumping%20systems%20(Bahasa%20Indonesia).pdf

http://www.energyefficiencyasia.org/docs/ee_modules/indo/Chapter%20-%20Pumps%20and%20pumping%20systems%20(Bahasa%20Indonesia).pdf


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 12

APPENDIX A

RAW DATA TABLE

Examples of observational data tables can be seen in the table as follows.

Table I. Examples of observational data

Pump

Arrangement

Single (Pump A)

No Opening

variance

(%)

Suction

pressure

(kgf/cm2)

Discharge

pressure

(kgf/cm2)

Flow rate

(l/s)

Power (W)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 13

APPENDIX B

CALCULATION PROCEDURE

B.1. Calculation

a) Pressure difference calculation (∆P)

Di mana

Pdischarge = Pump outlet pressure (Pa)

Psuction = Pump inlet pressure (Pa)

b) Head pump calculation (h)

Di mana

= density (kg/m3)

G = gravity (m/s2)

c) Total pump efficiency calculatin

Where,

Phydraulic = Power is transferred from the pump to the fluid (W)

Pelectric = Power from a power source (W)

Q = Water debit (m3/s)


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POM – 2018/PW 14

B.2. Data processing

From the data that has been obtained, it can be arranged to be the pump curve. The types of

pumps to be used in this practicum are the QH curves (head-flow rate) and the efficiency curve

(flow-rate efficiency).

a) Head-flow rate curve

The QH curve shows the effect of the flow rate on the pump head. Figure 3 shows the

common head-flow curve shape

Figure 3. QH performance curve

The efficiency curve shows the effect of the flow rate on pump efficiency. Figure 4 shows the

general shape of the efficiency curve.

Figure 4. Efficiency curve

By compiling these two curves, it can be compared between the performance of pump A,

pump B, series pump arrangement, and parallel pump arrangement.


FTI - ITB


POM – 2018/PW 15

APPENDIX C

JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS CONTROL SHEET

Assistant Advisor Lab TK coordinator

Work description Potential hazard Prevention act

Put water into toren 1. Slip in stagnant water

2. Water spilled onto an

uncovered electrical circuit

1. Be careful in pouring

water into toren, do not let

the water stagnant.

2. Be careful in pouring

water, closing / protecting

open electrical circuits

Turn on and operate the pump 1. The water level in toren is

too low causing pump

cavitation

2. Incorrect at opening /

closing the valve so as to

overload the pump

3. The body part is exposed

to electric shock from an

open electrical circuit

1. Ensure that the water level

at toren is high enough to

prevent cavitation on the

pump.

2. Make sure valve is opened

and closed is in

accordance with the flow

of pump water used

3. covering/ protecting open

electrical circuits

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