Protein Synthesis. Write down 5 “things” that you know about DNA.
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Transcript of Protein Synthesis. Write down 5 “things” that you know about DNA.
![Page 1: Protein Synthesis. Write down 5 “things” that you know about DNA.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062804/5697bf821a28abf838c85e2a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Protein Synthesis
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Write down 5 “things” that you know about DNA
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What is a GENE?
Instruction manual for our body
They are the directions for building all the proteins that make our body function
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Where is a Gene?
•Within DNA
•The nitrogen bases spell out the instructions.
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What is a TRAIT?A trait is a genetically determined characteristic
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RNARibonucleic Acid
Make up of Nucleotides
Contains Phosphorus
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RNA Nucleotide
A
BC
Phosphate
Ribose
Nitrogen Base
GuanineCytosineAdenine
Uracil
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Types of RNA
Messenger RNA
Nickname: mRNA
Made up of ONE strand of nucleotides
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mRNA FunctionCopy a message from a gene on DNA
DNA
mRNA
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Types of RNA
Transfer RNA
Nickname: tRNA
Made up of ONE strand of nucleotides and a amino acid
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tRNA FunctionCarries amino acids to mRNA
mRNA
Amino Acids
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Types of RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Nickname: rRNA
Made up of ONE strand of nucleotides mixed with the ribosome
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rRNA FunctionForms peptide bonds between the amino acids
Amino acid
Amino acid
Amino acid
Amino acid
PeptideBond
rRNA
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DNA versus RNA: # of Strands
1 strand2 strands
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DNA versus RNA: Sugar
Deoxyribose Ribose
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DNA versus RNA: Bonds with Adenine
Adenine Thymine Adenine Uracil
DNA RNA
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Review: Protein Synthesis
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Brief summary of Protein synthesis
Make Proteins
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Brief Summary of Transcription
Make mRNA from a gene on DNA
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Location of Transcription
Nucleus
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Process of Transcription
T A C G C G C C T A G G A T T A G TA T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A
DNA Backbone Nitrogen Bases
Choose a gene that needs to be “read” or copied
RNA Polymerase attaches to DNA and
breaks Hydrogen bonds; splitting DNA
RNA Polymerase
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Process of Transcription
T A C G C G C C T A G G A T T A G T
A T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A
DNA BackboneNitrogen Bases
DNA
A U G C G C G G A U C C U A A T C A
RNA polymerase adds matching nucleotides to exposed DNA strand
mRNA
RNA Polymerase
A T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A
DNA is split apart; separated
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Process of Transcription
T A C G C G C C T A G G A T T A G TA T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A
DNA BackboneNitrogen Bases
DNA
A U G C G C G G A U C C U A A U C A mRNA
RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase leaves
A U G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A
A T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A
mRNA leaves the nucleusDNA recombines
mRNA
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Transcription Animation #1
Transcription Animation #2
Transcription Video
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Transcribe the following
TAC GGC AAA TAG GAT TTT CCA TTA AGTDNA
AUG CCG UUU AUC CUA AAA GGU AAU UCA mRNA