Proposal for DAV Analysis

POMPIDOU CENTRE | France Ruhi Thakur | Arpit Prakash |

Himanshu Jampala |

VALUE BASED DESIGN

PROJECT

Centre Georges Pompidou

Image Source : │ http://pictify.com/user/Pompidou

Site Area 5 acres ~ 20,000m2

Gross Internal Area 100,000 m2

No. of Floors 6

Construction Cost £ 58,800,000 (1977)

Local Name BeaubourgLocation Paris, FranceType Culture & Leisure

Construction Dates 1971 – 1977Open Dates 31 January 1977 – present

PROJECT

Facts

Client Ministére des Affaires Culturelles / Ministére de l'Education Nationale

The Architect Renzo Piano + Richard Rogers + Gianfranco Franchini

Structural Engineer Ove Arup & Partners

Usage Bibliothèque publique d'information Musée National d'Art Moderne Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique Bookstore, Theater, Restaurants

Number of Visitons 2500 per day (2006)

Sources : │ http://

www.richardrogers.co.uk/work/all_projects/centre_pompidou/conception

│ http://www.aviewoncities.com/paris/centrepompidou.htm

“Their entry exemplified constructivism and was a high-tech modern cultural centre structured with a system gerberettes and trusses unlike anything seen in the

architectural world before.”

Sources : │ http://www.archdaily.com/64028/ad-classics-

centre-georges-pompidou-renzo-piano-richard-rogers/

│ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_Georges_Pompidou

- Adelyn Perez, ArchDaily

│ Won the Architectural Design Competition amongst 681 entries.

│ One of the first High-Tech Post Modern Architectural Style.

│ Innovative Design Concepts and usage of Building Infrastructure.

│ Houses Europe’s largest Museum for Modern Art.

│ Attracted more than 5 times the number of intended visitors.

│ Revitalized a depressed section of a historic city.

│ High Political Influences.

│ Lot of ‘Spin’ & ‘Buzz’

MOTIVATION

Sources :

PROJECT

Time-Line

Time Event

July 1971 Competition results announced

March 1972 Excavation commences

December 1972 Construction of Substructure commenced

July 1974 Site closed by 7th court case

August 1974 IRCAM budget cut and redesign

October 1974 Construction of steel superstructure commenced

June 1975 Steel Superstructure completed

January 1977 Opening of building

February 1977 Article in New York Times, “Temple of artistic creations”Article in The Press-courier, “Pompidou Centre mixed reviews” A group of 100 Architects threaten to file a petition to close the building.

July 1977 IRCAM completion

April 1980 Article in The Press-Courier, “Pompidou Centre cultural success story”

1987 Documentary released, “Centre Georges Pompidou, The - The Big Escalator (1987)”

March 1994 Article in New York Times, “Success takes toll on Pomidou Centre”Mr. Piano realizes the importance of energy conservation (not a very fashionable idea back during the design)

1997-1999 (27months) Closed for renovation work ($90 million renovation cost)

STAKEHOLDERS

Sources :

Stakeholders Influence Reputation Technology + Innovation Productivity

Architects + Engineers + + + + + + + + + + + +

Client – Ministry of Culture - +

Organizations running Museum, Library, IRCAM, etc.

+ + + - + +

City / Region + + + + + + + + +

Media + + + + + + + + + +

Society + Culture - - + + + + +

DAV FEATURES

Overview

Urban Contexthttp://www.richardrogers.co.uk/work/all_projects/centre_pompidou/conception

Structure – Gerberetteshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/kriss_on_flickr/4270749423

/

Piazzahttp://friendsofsdarch.photoshelter.com/image/I0000anjR.l56km0

MEPhttp://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20130819-pompidou-centre-parisian-radical

Circulationhttp://www.travel-images.com/photo-france266.html

DAV – STRUCTURE

Importance

Image Sources :│ http://

www.greatbuildings.com/cgi-bin/gbi.cgi/Centre_Pompidou.html/cid_aj2110_b.html

DAV – STRUCTURE

Concept Development

Image Sources :│ https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgHjHWbx7pw

Structural Element Description

Column │ Centrifugally cast steel tube│ At column base a kreutz spherical bearing transfers load to the foundation,

permitting rotation│ 850 mm external diameter

The Tension Tie │ Round bar threaded on either end│ 7m long solid & 200mm diameter

The Gerberette │ Links the tension tie, compression column and truss girder│ All contact points were machined and movable │ Connect truss girder with column tie without any eccentric load│ 9.6 tons heavy and 8.2m long

Truss Girder │ 2.85m overall depth, span 44.8m between supports │ 740 tons of load carried

Floor │ 110mm concrete panels, 6.4X10.8m compositely connected to I profiles 500mm

Braced Frame Gable EndsLongitudinal Cross BracingHorizontal Bracing

│ Horizontal bracing connects the floor to the outer longitudinal bracing and to the columns

│ Used to stabilize column against buckling

Image Sources :│ Making of Beauborg, Nathan Silver (p134)

DAV – STRUCTURE

Importance

DAV - STRUCTURE

Benefits

Stakeholders Qualitative Quantitative

Architects + Engineers │ Huge spans of Interior Spaces unobstructed by columns

│ Innovative technology of Gerberettes

│ Flexibility of Design

│ Less construction time due to pre fabrication

│ Increased usable floor space.

│ Gerberettes eliminated eccentric loads on columns

Client – Ministry of Culture │ Reduced construction materials and their costs compared to concrete construction

Organizations running Museum, Library, IRCM, etc.

│ Incorporate variety of changes in the evolving exhibit requirements

│ Reduced Churn and Renovation Costs

City / Region - -

Media │ Structural Design created a huge buzz.

│ Various Documentaries -

Society + Culture - -

DAV - STRUCTURE

Costs

Stakeholders Qualitative Quantitative

Architects + Engineers │ Initial bad reputation for the industrial design, esp. during the construction phases

│ Special techniques required to test the unconventional sizes of Gerberettes

│ Cost of technology

Client – Ministry of Culture │ Skilled labour and engineers │ Manufacture and Transportation costs

Organizations running Museum, Library, IRCM, etc.

│ Redesign interior spaces for the Museum according to physical museology requirements.

│ Cost of Interior Design

City / Region │ Exposed Structures didn’t merge in with the Urban Fabric

-

Media- -

Society + Culture │ Initially took it as an insult to the art and culture of France -

DAV - MEP

Importance

Image Sources :│ http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2013/

07/paris-from-above/100556/│ http://www.travelingsolemates.com/bonjo

ur-paris-2/

Structure and Large Ventilation Systems white

Stairs and Elevator Structures silver grey

Ventilation blue

Plumbing and fire control piping green

Electrical Elements yellow/ orange

Elevator motor rooms and shafts red

“exterior elements could be clipped on and off over the life span of the building” adjusting for future

requirements.- Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners LLP

│ Unique ‘Inside-Outside Building’

│ Design and movement flexibility of Interior Spaces

Sources : │ http://www.archdaily.com/64028/ad-classi

cs-centre-georges-pompidou-renzo-piano-richard-rogers/

DAV - MEP

Benefits

Stakeholders Qualitative Quantitative

Architects + Engineers │ Allowed clear uninterrupted Interior Space

│ Used Industry Standard Color Coding for each element; easier to track

│ Increased usable floor space

Client – Ministry of Culture-

│ Less cost of concealing MEP element

Organizations running Museum, Library, IRCM, etc.

│ Easier to service and upgrade │ Less cost of maintenance

City / Region │ Gave a unique identity to the Urban Fabric

-

Media │ Created a huge Buzz about the architectural style

Society + Culture -

DAV - MEP

Costs

Stakeholders Qualitative Quantitative

Architects + Engineers │ Initial bad reputation for the industrial design, esp. during the construction phases

│ Not energy efficient

│ Energy loads was much more than designed due to more visitors

Client – Ministry of Culture- -

Organizations running Museum, Library, IRCM, etc.

│ Increased maintenance requirement due to exposed systems

│ Cost of annual maintenance

City / Region- -

Media │ Much criticism and law suits │ Delay in Constructions

│ Cost incurred due to lawsuits

Society + Culture │ Took it as an insult to the art and culture of France -

DAV - CIRCULATION

Importance

Sources :│ http://www.richardrogers.co.uk/Asp/uploade

dFiles/Image/0099_Pompidou/RSHP_A_JS_0099_L_E_GB.pdf

Conception of a Piazza

│ Blend between Times Square & British Museum

│ Hosts Street Theatre and music, games, meetings, parades and temporary Exhibitions.

│ Revitalization of the neighbourhood.

Circulation

│ Steps, Escalators, Lifts and Corridors provided on the West Façade

│ Circulation Systems are colored Red

│ Provides views of the city

Stakeholders Qualitative Quantitative

Architects + Engineers │ Create a piazza, half the size of the plot, acting as a buffer between the city and the building

│ One of the most intensively used Public Space

│ Placed all the Horizontal and Vertical Areas on the outer facade

│ Increased amount of usable floor area inside the building

Client – Ministry of Culture - -

Organizations running Museum, Library, IRCM, etc.

│ Had 5 times the amount of visitors than anticipated

│ No. of Visitors per day

City / Region │ Revitalized the whole area with exhibitions and various street activities

-

Media - -

Society + Culture│ People have the view of the city from

the building

│ Access to lifts, terraces and restaurants are independent of the building

-

DAV - CIRCULATION

Benefits

DAV - CIRCULATION

Costs

Sources :

DAV - CIRCULATION

Costs

Stakeholders Qualitative Quantitative

Architects + Engineers

Client – Ministry of Culture │ Construction cost for such an innovative elevator system

Organizations running Museum, Library, IRCM, etc.

│ People took the circulation system to get a view of the city ignoring the museums

│ Closed most of the entrances to the building due to security reason

│ High maintenance cost due to high crowd influx using the circulation system

City / Region --

Media + Culture-

Citizens- │ Paid for using just for escalator

REFERENCES

│ a view on cities. n.d. Centre Pompidou. Accessed September 2013, 14. http://www.aviewoncities.com/paris/centrepompidou.htm.

│ Carvajal, Doreen. 2011. The New York Times. January 23. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/24/arts/24squeeze.html?_r=0.

│ Daque, Karina. 2010. Arch. October 4. Accessed September 16, 2013. http://www.archdaily.mx/48228/clasicos-de-arquitectura-centre-georges-pompidou-renzo-piano-richard-rogers/1285354849-gerbettes-2-jpg/.

│ Fairs, Marcus. 2013. "The Pompidou captured the revolutionary spirit of 1968" - Richard Rogers. July 26. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://www.dezeen.com/2013/07/26/richard-rogers-centre-pompidou-revolution-1968/.

│ Foundation, Pompidou. 2011. Centre Pompidou, Paris. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://www.centrepompidoufoundation.org/Centre_Pompidou_Foundation/CENTRE.html.

│ Perez, Adelyn. 2010. Arch Daily. June 11. Accessed September 14, 2013. http://www.archdaily.com/64028/ad-classics-centre-georges-pompidou-renzo-piano-richard-rogers/.

│ 2013. Pictify. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://pictify.com/user/Pompidou.

│ Pogrebin, Robin. 2007. "British Architect Wins 2007 Pritzker Prize." New York Times, March 28.

│ Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners. 2013. Centre Pompidou Masterplan. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://www.richardrogers.co.uk/work/all_projects/centre_pompidou_masterplan.

REFERENCES

│ Rogers Stirk Harbour and Partners. 2013. Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners. Accessed September 14, 2013. http://www.richardrogers.co.uk/render.aspx?siteID=1&navIDs=1,4,25,121.

│ Staines, Judith. 2012 . Pompidou Centre plans to go global. May 3. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://culture360.org/news/pompidou-centre-plans-to-go-global/.

│ Structuremag. 2007. The Imaginative Engineer. January. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://www.structuremag.org/article.aspx?articleID=476.

│ Wikipedia. 2005. Centre Georges Pompidou. July 16. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_Georges_Pompidou#cite_note-20.

│ zh227@cornell.edu. 2013. Revenue Management Applications In Untraditional Industries. March 27. Accessed September 15, 2013. http://blogs.cornell.edu/armapp/2013/03/27/revenue-management-in-art-museums/.

Thank you.