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prof. Rudolf Giffinger, Technische Universität Wien, “Europejska sieć współpracy...
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Transcript of prof. Rudolf Giffinger, Technische Universität Wien, “Europejska sieć współpracy...
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Networking European Smart Cities
Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Rudolf GiffingerVienna University of Technology Department of Spatial Planning
Centre of Regional Science
International congress „Smart metropolis”, Gdańsk
21st - 22nd of November, 2013
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Objectives & structure
Trends in smart city discussion Urbanisation, competitiveness, energy efficient city Learning processes
Network based integrative understanding Understanding Smart City – a learning process
Experiences with a place based SC-approach
Basic concept
Recent experiences on networking with integrative SC_approach
Conclusions challenges of networks learning processes for integrative SC-approach
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Urbanisation in a global context
Unbroken trend … but different pace Change in urban systems Increasing metropolitan regions and
changing settlement patterns
Increasing complexity on urban development A challenge of learning processes based on networks
Competitiveness of cities Economic re-structuring Increasing importance of ‚soft‘ factors
Environmental and ecological conditions
About 50 % of population in urban areas – energy consumption about 75 %
Increasing energy consumption – emissions Increase of energy efficiency
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Technical understanding of Smart City
„Smart Cities combine diverse technologies to reduce their environmental impact and offer citizens better lives.
This is not, however, simply a technical challenge….” European Smart City stakeholder platform’ http://www.eu-smartcities.eu/faqs# Smart_Cities; 25.2.2013
technical solutions are obvious – basically result of networks of technicians focussing on technical innovations
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Technical and economic understanding of Smart City
„.. when investments in human and social capital and traditional (transport) and modern (ICT) communication infrastructure fuel sustainable economic growth and a high quality of life, with a wise management of natural resources, through a participated governance.“Caragliu, DelBoand, Nijkamp,2011
Factors influencing the emergence of innovations in urban context– from triple helix to enhanced triple helix– University, industry, goverment / learning, market, knowledge
obviously, cooperation and networking of actors of specific segments but focussing on business model for implementation of technical model
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
„A Smart City is a city well performing in [relevant key fields of urban development], built on the ‘smart’ combination of endowments and activities of self-decisive, independent and aware citizens.”
Giffinger, et al., 2007
Emphasizing good performance in urban development through improvement of services in different
key fields in collaboration of stakeholders in
relevant key fields based on citizens’ awareness and their
active participation
Cooperation and networking becomes obvious – but with which challenges?
Integrative understanding of Smart City
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Integrative Relevant key fields
– with most relevant domains
Place based evidence Specificities and features
– Local conditions of urban development
Comprehensive Technology, structure,
aware citizens
Stakeholder and citizens based evidence Perception and assessments
o Identification of assets and trends
o Strategic interestso Assessment of activities and
potentials
Indicator based evidence on urban trends and conditions supporting positioning and
benchmarking detecting largest strengths and
weaknesses
SC understanding SC learning process
Integrative understanding of Smart City
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Smart City as a learning process
Data
81
28
Components
Domains
Key fields
Smart City
Functions• delivering Rank for each
city in urban system• describing position and
profile in every considered key field
• Supporting benchmarking and analytical evidence through differentiation into domains described by components (= indicator)
Functions• identifying relevant key
fields and domains
• assessing profiles in terms of strengths and weaknesses
• elaborating/ assessing relevant indicators
Workshops
Participatory settings
Expert interviews
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
SC Aarhus: the first promising but linear experienceswww.smart-cities.eu
Aarhus, 2009/10Presentation of rank – profile – benchmarking – strengths and weaknesses in large auditorium
Public discussion and definition of most important topics (key fields and domains)
Participatory setting through corresponding workshops
Further discussion in working groups
Local intraurban networks for each key field in working groups with stakeholders and citizens
No Expert interviews
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
SC Linz: interactive process with open end
Linz 2013Contract with consortium of stakeholders
Presentation of first results, discussing indicators: missing or reliable
Modification of few indicators and elaboration of missing values
Workshop with stakeholders: • assessing profiles in terms of
strengths and weaknesses
Final report & Press conference
Clear Network of stakeholders from the beginning; marginally enhanced over timeNo interviews
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Benchmarking: creating networks in SC-Krakov
Project consortium (lead partner Technology Park Krakov) identifies • Key fields and domains of smart urban-
regional development
6 specific local workshops about key fields• Assessing keyfields and domains• Identifying strengths and weaknesses• Discussion of indicators and new city
sample (300 000 to 1 mill inhabitants)
• SC_Profiles: benchmarking for dedecting strenghts and weaknesses and good practice examples (excursions to 4 cities)
• Final report with Road map including stakeholders
Competent Network of SC representatives participating in 6 workshops discussing most important projects and road map
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
6 energy efficient SCies in EU: an iterative procedure
http://www.pleecproject.eu/
Karte folgt
Sources of basemap: TUWIEN 2013 based on Esri, GEBCO, NOAA, National Geographic, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, Geonames.org and other contributors; EuroGeographics
Eskilstuna Tartu
Santiago deCompostela
Turku
Jyväskylä
Stoke-on-Trent
Green buildings and
land-use
Renovation and
refurbishment
Innovative building
technologies
Spatial structures and
land-use
Mobility and transport
Public transport
Motorised private
transportPedestrian traffic and
cycling
Transport of goods
Technical Infrastructure
Waste, water and sewage
management
Electrical power grids
Heating and cooling grids
Public lighting
Production and consumption
Industry and commerce
Private and public services
Private households
Energy supply
Fossil energy
Nuclear energy
Renewable energy
Profile of SC energy efficiency:Work in progress
European consortium of scientists and 6 partner cities: 2 surveys and several workshopsInclusion of additional city stakeholders• Energy efficiency• Key fields & Domains • Assessing domains• Defining components / indicators
Strongly evolving network: 6 partners – corresponding city stakeholders cooperating several times with experts
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Conclusions challenges of networks
First evidence on integrative SC-approach Evidence based learning process and networking should/will
mutually support each other Relational capital is irreplaceable for knowledge production in
networks– trust building, coopeative abilities and competence
Despite an increasing circular process, following deficits of own approach evident– Still not fully explored in its features: convergence and
irreversability of network activities
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Challenges are obvious in city level Environmental problems, problems of rapid growing cities and
metropolises, …
Need of integration of technical and social innovations Technical solutions more or less existing creation of business models exclusively driven by economic interests Need of identification of relevant communities in distinct places
Need of urban innovations based on networking Common learning about local conditions and interests provides place
based evidence a precondition for adequate/effective solutions Commmon learning improves chances for inclusive and sustainable
development
For realisation, political will remains an important precondition
conclusions learning processes for integrative SC_approach
Gdansk, 21/22 of November, 2013
Many Thanks for Your Attention
Univ.Prof. Dr. Rudolf Giffinger
Department of Spatial Planning
Centre of Regional Science
Vienna University of Technology
www.srf.tuwien.ac.at