Presented by:- Nnisarg Kalyani (08) Paresh Parmar (19) Aamir Patel (20) Yash Shah (38) Sanket Vyas (55)

PRODUCTION FACILITIES AND

FUNCTIONS

Introduction Production facilities Determinants of facilities Factors involved in facilities Plant location Plant layout Production system Types of production system Intermittent production system Continuous production system Toyota production system JIT Case study Conclusion

CONTENTS

Production Facilities and Systems are the important aspects of the production management.

Production Facilities allows the smooth transformation of the inputs into the outputs i.e. manufacturing process with all the required machinery tools manpower etc.

While Production Systems ensures that there is the proper methods, arrangements, procedure is adopted to produce different types of goods or services.

INTRODUCTION

Before starting of any production process the organisation has to decide about the facilities to produce the same.

Facilities has to be installed on the basis of the requirement and the availability of the resources to the organisation.

PRODUCTION FACILITIES

Production facilities required by the organisation is decided by the following :Types of productProduction quantityMarketProduct demandCompetitors for the productLocation Product variety

DETERMINANTS OF PRODUCTION FACILITIES

Machines and equipments

Tools

Technology

Inspection aid

Process details

Operating personnel

Production volume

FACTORS INVOLVED IN FACILITIES

The main aim of any business(manufacturing or services) is to maximize the profi ts and to minimize the cost(effi ciency).

In this the plant location play the Important role. The location selected should be such that it enables the business to achieve its objectives effi ciently.

FACTORS:- Nearness to the raw material Land and labour cost Transportation Nearness to related and ancillary industries etc.

PLANT LOCATION

Layout means arrangement of facilities in a particular unit to ensure the smooth and proper flow of production

Plant layout refers to the arrangement of machines, handling equipments, storerooms and tool-racks required for the process of production in the plant or factory(manufacturing unit).

FACTORS:- Products Production system Purchase and inventory policy Safety and personnel policies etc.

PLANT LAYOUT

Production system can be defined as “The methods, procedure or arrangement which includes all functions require to accumulate(gather) the inputs, process or reprocess the inputs and delivers the marketable outputs(goods).

PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Production system

Intermittent

production system

Continuous

production system

TYPES OF PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Intermittent means something that starts (initiates) and stops (halts) at irregular (unfixed) intervals (time gaps).

In the intermittent production system, goods are produced based on customer's orders. These goods are produced on a small scale. The flow of production is intermittent (irregular).

INTERMITTENT PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Intermittent production

system

Project production

system

Job shop production

Batch shop production

TYPES OF INTERMITTENT PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Here, in project production flows, company accepts a single, complex order or contract. The order must be completed within a given period of time and at an estimated cost.

CHARACTERISTICS:- Requirement of resources varies Many agencies are involved Delays takes place Scheduling takes time

(A)PROJECT PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Here, in jobbing production flows, company accepts a contract to produce either one or few units of a product strictly as per specifications given by the customer. The product is produced within a given period and at a fixed cost. This cost is fixed at the time of signing the contract.

CHARACTERISTICS Production in small lots Production according to customer specification Skilled labour Disproportionate manufacturing cycle time

(B)JOB SHOP PRODUCTION

In batch production flows, the production schedule is decided according to specific orders or are based on the demand forecasts.

Here, the production of items takes place in lots or batches. A product is divided into diff erent jobs.

CHARACTERISTICS Made and stocked until demand General purpose machines Needs production planning and control Possibility of large work-in-progress

(C)BATCH PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Continuous means something that operates constantly without any irregularities or frequent halts.

In the continuous production system, goods are produced constantly as per demand forecast. Goods are produced on a large scale for stocking and selling. They are not produced on customer's orders.

CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Continuous production

system

Mass production

Process production

TYPES OF CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Here, company produces diff erent types of products on a large-scale and stock them in warehouses until they are demanded in the market.

The goods are produced either with the help of a single operation or uses a series of operations.

CHARACTERISTICS Continuous production on market demand Less work-in-progress Supervision is easy No manual material handling Continuous flow of material

(A)MASS PRODUCTION

Here, a single product is produced and stocked in warehouses until it is demanded in the market. The flexibility of these plants is almost zero because only one product can be produced.

CHARACTERISTICS High mechanised system Skilled technicians Very-less work-in-progress Production planning and scheduling pre-decided Whole system for one item

(B)PROCESS PRODUCTION

The Toyota Production System (TPS) is an integrated socio-technical system, developed by Toyota, that comprises its management philosophy and practices. The system was developed between 1948 and 1975. The techniques that were introduced in Toyota production system are:-

Poke-yoke JIDOKA Just-in-timeKanban-cards

TOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Just-in-time(JIT) means right parts needed in the assembly line reaches the assembly at the right time and right amount.

Just in time  (JIT) is a production strategy that strives to improve a business return on investment by reducing in-process inventory and associated carrying costs.

JUST IN TIME

Product cost

Quality

Design

Productivity and flexibility

Administrative effi ciency

BENEFITS OF JIT

CASE STUDY: TOOL AND DYE SHOP

To carry out any production process availability of the required facilities is necessary.

System to be installed on the basis of the requirement of the product.

CONCLUSION