Principles of Design

Visual Arts 10

Definitions (principles)Balance The distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. If the design was a scale these elements should be balanced to make a design feel stable. Symmetrical balance -the elements used on one side of the design are similar to those on the other sideAsymmetrical balance - the sides are different but still look balancedRadial balance - the elements are arranged around a central point and may be similar. 

Emphasis Refers to a part of the design or composition that catches the viewer’s attention (has more visual weight). Usually, the artist will make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas. The area may be different in size, color, texture, shape, etc…

ContrastRefers to the juxtaposition of opposing elements. It emphasizes the differences between colours, values, lines, shapes, textures, etc… Contrast is often used to create emphasis in a painting (to bring attention to one important area).

Pattern The repeating of an object or symbol.

Repetition Works with pattern to make the artwork seem active. The repetition of elements of design creates unity within the artwork.

Rhythm is created when one or more elements of design are used repeatedly to create a feeling of organized movement. Rhythm creates a mood like music or dancing.

Movement is the path the viewer’s eye takes through the artwork, often to focal areas. Such movement can be directed along lines edges, shape and color within the artwork.

Unity is the feeling of harmony between all parts of the artwork creating a sense of completeness. Works of art can be unified by using similar colours, textures, shapes and lines throughout the work. 

• http://www.moma.org/destination/• http://www.eduweb.com/portfolio/

visualarts.php• http://www.learningthroughart.org/• http://www.moma.org/momalearning/

artsafari/index.html• http://www.nga.gov/kids/• http://www.metmuseum.org/explore/

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