PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE TurkStat TRANSITION FROM ECONOMIC...

PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE TurkStat

TRANSITION

FROM ECONOMIC CENSUS

TO BUSINESS REGISTER

Bünyamin EMİROSMAN

TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE TurkStat

The Second International Workshop on Economic Census

6-9 July 2009

Seoul, Republic of Korea

TurkStat


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Overview of the presentation

A – The Last Economic Census of Turkey1 – Background2 – Classification and Statistical Unit3 – Coverage4 – History of Economic Census5 – Organization6 – Field Application7 – Data collection and data processing

B – Current Situation: After 20051 – New Statistical System of Turkey2 – Coordination with Eurostat3 – Business Register (BR)4 – Other Registers5 – Annual Industry and Service Statistics (AISS)6 – Conclusion


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A – The Last Economic Census of TurkeyBackground

Turkish Statistical Institute was obliged to conduct in the years ending with three (for the reference year ending with two) of the Decree Commanded as Law, No. 219 dated June 8, 1984 and as stated in the Item 2, Paragraph (d) of the Decree Commanded as Law, No. 357 dated January 27, 1989.


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• The main purposes of 2002 General Census of Industry and Business Establishments are,

• To obtain data for the shaping of the five years development plans and programs,

• To extract the sector profiles,• To enable the conduction of to Input – Output and National Income

studies,• To make supra-national comparisons possible by keeping in line

with international recommendations,• To obtain data-sets on every non-agricultural sector compliant with

the EU standards,



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• Implementation of a statistical system that utilizes administrative registers,

• Setting up of a ’’STATISTICAL BUSINESS REGISTERS SYSTEM” in accordance with the systems used in EU,

• With the help of the register, establishing an updated and reliable frame and sampling criteria on the basis of legal unit, enterprise and local unit,

• Structuring of a basis for surveys, regarding statistical units that will be conducted in intermediate years.


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A – The Last Economic Census of Turkey Statistical Unit and Classification

Statistical Unit: Statistical Units were enterprise and local unit (establishment).

Activity Classification: Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE Rev.1) were used.

Regional Classification: NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) level I, II and III were used. TurkStat has 26 Regional Offices in NUTS II Level since 2003.

NUTS I 12 RegionNUTS II 26 RegionNUTS III 81 Province


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A – The Last Economic Census of TurkeyClassification and Statistical Unit

Regional Offices of TurkStat in NUTS II Level


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A – The Last Economic Census of TurkeyCoverage

Geographical coverage of the census was the whole Turkey. For the first time the localities which have population less than 2000 were also included in this census.

Sectoral coverage: All activities included in NACE Rev.1 divisions from C to K and from M to O are covered;

C Mining and quarryingD Manufacturing industryE Electricity, gas and waterF Construction and public worksG Wholesale and Retail tradeH Hotel, restaurant, cafe and pastry shopI Transportation, storage and communicationsJ Financial Intermediation ActivitiesK Real Estate, Renting and Business ActivitiesM EducationN Health and Social Work O Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities


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A – The Last Economic Census of TurkeyHistory of Economic Census

In Turkey eight censuses were carried out in 1927, 1950, 1963, 1970, 1980, 1985, 1992 and 2002. In future it is not foreseen to conduct an economic survey.


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A – The Last Economic Census of TurkeyOrganization

Prime Ministry Circular 30.07.2002 No B.02.0.PPG.0.12-320-11817 on the implementation of the General Census of Industry and Business Establishments was sent to relevant institutions and organizations.

Following the Prime Ministry Circular;• Province Census Committees under presidency of Province

Governors and their deputies in all provinces,• County Census Committees under presidency of District Governors

in all counties and• Census Bureaus in all provinces and 243 counties were founded.

Authorized staff of the relevant institutions and organizations was commissioned in these Committees and field organization of the Census was achieved through high collaboration.


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A – The Last Economic Census of TurkeyOrganization

Cooperating / supporting institutions and organizations were:• Ministry of Finance: Giving efficient support for the implementation of the Census by

helping with the usage of its administrative records, province and county organization of MoF provided coordination with tax and finance offices to which taxpayers are registered in case of a problem in fieldwork.

• Ministry of Industry and Trade: Province and county organization have been active participants and helped with the usage of their records.

• Ministry of the Interior: Having been commissioned as the president of the Census Committees, Province and District Governors managed to achieve success in preparation studies before the Census, during the Census, and in transmitting the results to the center in the aftermath of the Census. Assistance from Municipalities was demanded on administrative records, when necessary.

• Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: Implementation and organization of the Census for businesses in villages with less than 2000 population and without a municipal body have been achieved through cooperation with Province and County Agriculture Directorates. County Agriculture Directors were trained on questionnaires and were held responsible for the training of their staff


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A – The Last Economic Census of Turkey Field Application

• The Census was carried out according to street-scanning method.– In the beginning, each business in streets was enumerated by

using building tables maps and plats.– All of establishments in the coverage of Building Tables were

enumerated by using administrative registers (MoF).– In order to assure consistency, Tax numbers from the record of

Ministry of Finance (MoF) were matched by computers in Province Census Bureaus with the ones in the questionnaires filled in the local units.


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A – The Last Economic Census of TurkeyField Application

• Questionnaires for those whose activities is not in a stationary workplace, for instance hawkers, stallholders, individual goods and passenger transporters, whose registered address in MoF records appears as their home address, were filled in their home address.


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A – The Last Economic Census of TurkeyData collection and data processing

The questionnaire contained 31 questions on identification variables, address variables, stratification variables, relationships, ownership, activities, economic figures etc. Filled questionnaires first collected in census bureaus and the comparison with MoF registers were done immediately by computer based programme. All questionnaires sent to the Head Quarter where all were scanned and automatically stored in database. Checks were realized and data were evaluated.


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B – Current Situation: After 2005 New Statistical System of Turkey

• Statistics Law of Turkey entered into force in 10/11/2005 to comply with the EU regulations and national needs,

• This law re-organized the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat).• Official Statistics Programme and Statistical Council was

established.


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The Official Statistics Programme establishes the framework for official statistics that shall be produced on subjects required at national and international level. Censuses and surveys are carried out within the framework of this Programme.

Taking into account the existing resources, the burden on the respondents and the cost-benefit analysis, the Programme covers statistics needed to determine and monitor the situations of the country in the fields of economy, social issues, demography, culture, environment, science, technology and any other required areas.

The Programme is drafted by the TurkStat for a term of five years in line with the advisory comments of the Statistical Council and submitted to the Council of Ministers. The Programme shall be put into effect upon the publication of the decision of the Council of Ministers in the Official Gazette.


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• The main duty of the Statistics Council is to advise on the development and implementation of the Programme and on the production and use of official statistics; to determine and assess the areas in which official statistics are needed and to provide opinions and suggestions for future works to be carried out.

• The President of Turkish Statistical Institute is the chair of the Council which consists of various official institutes, organizations and non-governmental organizations. The Law foresees that the Council meets at least once a year.


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• In order to be used for the production of official statistics, the institutions and organizations are obliged to submit or open to use of the TurkStat the records and other administrative data files.

• Institutions and organizations are obliged to establish, update and open to the statistical use of the Presidency their national register systems regarding their working areas in line with the standards defined by the Presidency.


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• There is not any statement for economic census or any other census to conduct specific years in the Statistics Law of Turkey. If an economic census needs to be conduct it will be evaluated in the Statistical Council, but it is not foreseen that to conduct an economic survey in Turkey.


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B – Current Situation: After 2005Coordination with Eurostat

• TurkStat has applied EU project named Upgrading the Statistical System of Turkey (USST) Phase I and II since 2006.

• The objective of the project is to upgrade the Statistical System of Turkey according to EU standards on the methodology and quality of compiling and processing statistical information and to ensure the efficient coordination by the TurkStat.

• Improvement of Business Register and Business Statistics are the main component of the both project.

• Study visits, abroad trainings, local trainings, local meeting, workshops, and data collection grant are realized by the projects.

Project Duration Budget (M€)

USST Phase I (2003-2006) 15,3

USST Phase II (2007-2009) 5,3


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B – Current Situation: After 2005 Business Register (BR)

• Ministry of Finance records are the main administrative source.• 2002 General Census of Industry and Business Establishments

results and MoF records were checked and matched.• Also, the multi-unit enterprises control forms were included in 2002

Annual Industry and Service Statistics application.• Legal units, Enterprises (under assumption of LeU=Ent), Local units

are used in Business Register.• All activities except A,B and L are included.• The BR data is kept historically.• Updates are realized by MoF records and annual inquiries.• The results of Annual Industry and Service Statistics inquiries are

also be used.• Business Demography Statistics will be produced by BR.


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Framework of the BR

Ministry of Finance Records General Census of Businesses

Other sourcesBusiness surveys

Tabulationse.g. National accounts,demography

Business Register

Input Input

Input

Output

Input and Output

The arrows refer to the main interfaces

Beside public sources(telefon books etc)plans to use:- Data from union of chambers- Data from Min. of Labour


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MB_BKIMLIK

MB_BGERCEK MB_BADI MB_BTUZEL

MB_ BLTDTOAS

MB_BSTUZELORTAKLARI

MB_BSTUZELYONETICILERI

MB_ BMUKBLG

MB_ BSICILADRES

MB_BISCI_ SAYISI

MB_ BMESLEK

KODU

BR_LEGAL_UNIT

BR_ENTERPRISE

BR_LOCAL_UNI

T

BR_LKAU

BR_KAU

BR_ADDRESS

BR_LU_ADDRESS

BR_LU_EMP

BR_ENT_GROUP

BR_LKAU_EMP

P1

P2

P4

P5

P3

P7

P8

P6

MoF Records Business Register


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B – Current Situation: After 2005 Business Register (BR)

Outputs of The BR• Used as a Sampling frame for Annual Surveys such as AISS,

PRODCOM, ICT, CIS …• And also for STS,• Limited data producing such as number of enterprise by activity and

provinces.• Business Demography Statistics will be produced end of this year.


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B – Current Situation: After 2005 Other registers

• National Address Database and Address Based Population Register System constructed in 2007 by the organization of TurkStat with the help of Ministry Interior and other related institutions.

• In every year end of January the population of the Turkey declared by TurkStat with the help of this System.

Date Population of Turkey

31.12.2007 70.586.256

31.12.2008 71.517.100


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B – Current Situation: After 2005 Annual Survey

Purpose of Annual Industry and Service Statistics (AISS)• To determine structure of industry and service sector which

constitutes important part of national economy and changes of the country's social and economic structure,

• To compile data to determine structure of the sectors,• To compile data for international comparison and to meet national

and international demand for data,• To make available international statistical comparisons,• To compile sector based data compatible with EU Structural

Business Statistics regulations.


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Sectoral Coverage of AISS• All activities included in NACE Rev.1.1. divisions from C to K and

from M to O are covered. To compile data to determine structure of the sectors,

Geographical coverage:• Regardless of the population size all province and district centers

and municipalities are covered. Gas stations and organized industrial regions in interurban roads are covered.

• All the enterprises and their local units those are covered by sectoral coverage.


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• Estimation dimension: The aim of AISS is to produce information based on enterprise and local unit. For all sectors, statistics in terms of enterprise NACE 4-digit level and in terms of local units NACE 2-digit level regional estimations are produced.

• Full enumeration limits: After estimation dimensions and the structure of the sectors are taken into consideration during the studies of AISS, full enumeration limits are determined as follows:

§ All enterprises having 20+ employees,§ In terms of sectors, some NACE 4 digit activities are covered by full enumeration.


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• Sampling frame from BR and Sampling Size for AISS in year 2003-2008

Year Frame (BR) SamplingFull

EnumerationTotal

Sampling SizeEstimation

Level

2003 1.872.701 38.310 44.841 83.151 4 - digit

2004 2.418.979 37.548 51.961 89.509 4 - digit

2005 2.932.914 9.593 65.012 74.605 2 - digit

2006 2.978.514 38.106 63.879 101.985 4 - digit

2007 2.982.108 38.248 61.504 99.752 4 - digit

2008 3.101.506 38.165 61.815 99.980 4 - digit


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Some variables compiled in AISS• Turnover• Production value• Gross investment in tangible goods• Value-added at factor cost• Total purchases of goods and services• Change in stocks of goods and services• Number of persons employed• Wages and salaries• Social security costs• Number of hours worked by employees


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Results of AISS 2003-2006

Basic indicators on enterprises from AISS

TurkeyNumber of

enterprises Turnover (YTL)Production value

(YTL)Value-added at

factor cost (YTL)

Number of persons

employedWages and

salaries (YTL)

2003 1 740 353 748 289 918 232 436 555 647 063 143 318 607 847 6 673 968 40 765 120 372

2004 2 002 834 1 047 056 650 467 557 320 217 178 174 004 663 245 7 541 452 52 875 372 572

2005 2 393 578 1 192 635 869 805 658 081 304 144 185 797 967 886 8 939 894 64 323 071 546

2006 2 473 841 1 383 759 222 784 791 339 863 468 210 976 441 499 9 419 476 74 326 120 897


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B – Current Situation: After 2005 Conclusion

The aims of TurkStat in business statistics are;

• to finalize establishment of statistical Business Register,

• to decrease response burden and production cost,

• to use more administrative records/data instead of survey,

• to increase data quality and timeliness,

• to adapt European Statistical System.


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Thank you for your attention!

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