Preventing Workplace Slips, Trips &...
Transcript of Preventing Workplace Slips, Trips &...
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Preventing Workplace Slips, Trips & Falls
Presented byBryan Olsen, CSP
Workers Compensation Fund
Preventing WorkplaceSlips, Trips & Falls
• Statistics
• Causes
• Prevention
• OSHA regulations relating to slip/trip/fall injury prevention
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Consequence of a Fall
Consequence of a Fall Cont.
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Bureau of Labor Statistics(Same Level)
Age Group
1. 45-54
2. 55-64
3. 35-44
Sex
Male = 67,920
Female = 89,600
From Ladder
Male = 14,410Female = 3,120
Jumping
Male = 4,490Female = 330
BLS Statistics Cont.
Service Years
1. >5yrs
2. 1-5 yrs
3. 3-11 months
Industry
1. Transportation - 43k
2. Education & Health Care -37k
3. Manufacturing – 17k
4. Construction - 9k
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Four Risk Factors
• Environment
• Equipment
• Work Practices
• Individual
Causes of Slips, Trips and Falls
Flooring50%
Footwear24%
Fraud10%
Failure to
Warn9%
Training7%
Preventing Slips, Trips and Falls2006 National Safety Council
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Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
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Woman Falls Down Trap Door
Slip/Fall Different Level&
Slip/Fall into OpeningsCauses• Unguarded floor openings or platforms• Stepping off• Jumping off• Guard rails not adequate• Not using 3 Point Contact – Equipment & Trucks• Lack of fall protection• Slippery surface in combination w/level change
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Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
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Slip/Fall Liquid/Grease
• Wet floors
• Spills
• Grease buildup
• Poor housekeeping
• Floors not well maintained
• Poor footwear
• Slip Resistant Mats not in Use
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Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
Slip/Fall on Stairs
• Poor snow/ice removal• Stairs not maintained• Stairs not meeting OSHA
requirements for fixed stairs• Hand rails not present or not
used• Poor Lighting• Carrying objects that limit
vision or prevent the individual from holding on to hand rail
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OSHA Requirements for Stairs:
• Must hold load of five times intended load, and never less than a moving concentrated load of 1,000 pounds.
• 22” wide minimum• Angle of rise between 30 and 50 degrees• Slip-resistant treads and nosings• Standard railings on open sided stairs, hand
rails on closed stairs
(29 CFR 1910.24 Walking-Working Surfaces)
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Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
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Slip/Fall Did Not Fall
• Huh????
How can you get hurt by slipping and not falling?
• Muscle strains/sprains from reaction to imbalance. (Whiplash type injuries)
• Hitting a body part on an object when losing balance
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Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
Slip/Fall Ice or Snow• Zero static friction to
allow for traction• Poorly designed
footwear• Poorly maintained
parking lots & Walkways
• Hazardous Situation can build up very quickly
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Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
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Slip/Fall, Ladder/Scaffold
• Using the wrong ladder or inappropriate scaffolding
• Ladder/scaffold not secure
• Reaching• Slippery ladder/scaffold
surface• Not using two hands
when climbing ladder• Standing on top or next to
top “rung”
Slip/Fall, Ladder/Scaffold
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Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
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Slip/Fall Same Level
• Tripping over uneven surfaces
• Stepping down “wrong” on foot or rolling the ankle
• Tripping over obstructions in the work area
• Inappropriate footwear
• Slippery surface characteristics
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Statistics on Slips, Trips, Falls
WCF Policyholders for Calendar Year 2008
Slip/Trip/Fall NOC
• All causes mentioned before and more!
• Poor housekeeping
• Inadequate footwear
• Human error
• Slippery surfaces (icy, smooth, wet, or greasy etc)
• Many more…
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Prevention of Slip/Trip/Falls
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Prevention
• Prevention of slippery surfaces
• Use of appropriate footwear
• Prevention of tripping hazards and uneven surfaces- AKA: SAFE HOUSEKEEPING!!
• Employee awareness and training
Prevention of Slippery Surfaces
• Inspect workplace for potentially slippery surfaces
• Measure the “slipperiness” of walking surfaces
• Replace slippery surfaces with non-slip ones
• Apply a non-slip coating to slippery surfaces
• Adhere to a strict housekeeping policy with respect to cleaning up fluids/liquids/greases
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Prevention of Slippery SurfacesIce or Snow
• Adhere to strict maintenance of walk ways which may accumulate snow or ice.
• Slip on Leaves
• Lighting
• Check gutters and run offs
Electric Heated Mats
Heated Stair Risers
www.heattrak.com
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For Inclement Weather
– Slow down to react to a change in traction
– Wearing slip-resistant shoes or overshoes• carry your work shoes
– Sunglasses • outdoors in ice and snow
– Treat walking surfaces
– Wet shoes on dry floors – Caution !
Measuring SurfacesCoefficient of Friction (COF)
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6 Threshold
0.5 of Safety
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
Increasing Safety
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The Slip Meter
• Instrument for measuring the coefficient of friction of a surface.
Floor Types
• Wood = ~ 0.15 COF
• Laminate = ~ 0.25 COF
• Concrete = ~ 0.23 COF
• Carpet (High Pile) = ~ 1.06 COF
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Replace or Coat?
• Consider cost – not only the cost of materials, but the cost of injuries from not acting!
• Some coating materials claim to be slip resistant and are not as effective as claimed.
• How long will the coating last as opposed to replacing the surface.
Anti-Slip Treatments
http://www.stone-network.com/anti-slip-treatments.html
Provides a list of companies providing anti-slip treatments for floors.
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www.stone-network.com/anti-slip-treatments.html
Slip Resistant Surfaces
www.3m.com
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Prevention – Signage & Cleaning
• If signs are left out people will ignore them and the signs will
lose its effectiveness Clean Spills ASAP• A safety warning sign is never enough to control a danger
• Clean during less busy hours
• Physically exclude people if necessary
• Leave a clear path when cleaning
• Improper Cleaning may worsen cond.
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Warning Signs Should
• Be at least 28” high and visible 360 degrees
• Should have Large Stable Base
• Be easily stored for employees to locate
• Employees should be trained on the proper use of signs and to remove them promptly when the hazard is eliminated
Prevention withUse of Appropriate Footwear
• Have a shoe policy in place if necessary
• Ensure employees wear appropriate footwear
• Slip resistant shoes are very effective for wet or greasy surfaces
• Ice grippers for employees working in snowy/ icy conditions
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Is This Appropriate Footwear?
www.shoesforcrews.com
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1415
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58,334
166,985
257,622
63,157
84,688
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07/01/03-06/30/04 07/01/04-06/30/05 07/01/05-06/30/06 07/01/06-06/30/07 07/01/07-05/19/08
Period
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50,000
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300,000
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WCF Policyholder (Name Withheld)Slip/Fall Injury Claims Trend
Implementation of more aggressive safety awareness program
Implementation of slip resistant shoe program
7 of 15 (47%) were Slips on Ice/Snow (whereas previous year it was only 2 out of 14)
www.srmax.com
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Prevention of Tripping Hazards
• Housekeeping Policy & Program which includes regularly scheduled housekeeping inspections– Grind down uneven surfaces– Repair pot holes in walkways and parking lots– Maintain clear walkways– Ensure cords, hoses and other items are stored
properly out of the work areas– Organize work tools, equipment and workflow to
ensure no tripping hazards are introduced
Prevention of Tripping Hazards
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Housekeeping Policy/Program
• Inspection checklists• Responsibility and Follow-up• Accident Investigation
REMEMBER!! A well organized, well kept work place is also more efficient and will have less down time, less injuries relating to housekeeping, and will in general have happier employees.
What can YOU do to avoid slipping at work?
• Take your time
• Pay attention
• Adjust stride to the task
• Walk with feet pointed slightly outward
• Make wide turns at corners.
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What can YOU do to avoid tripping at work?
• Sufficient lighting
• Portable lighting
• Watch where you are walking
• Carrying or pushing objects– obstructions, spills or objects lying on the floor
Employee Awareness & Training
• Employees should be responsible for their own work areas.
• Employees should be able to recognize a slip/trip/fall hazard specific to their work environment.
• Employees should be held accountable for wearing appropriate footwear and following company safety policies.
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OSHA Regulations Relating to Slip/Trip/Fall Injury Prevention
General Industry• 1910 Subpart D - Walking-Working Surfaces
– 1910.21 - Definitions.– 1910.22 - General requirements.– 1910.23 - Guarding floor and wall openings and holes.– 1910.24 - Fixed industrial stairs.– 1910.25 - Portable wood ladders.– 1910.26 - Portable metal ladders.– 1910.27 - Fixed ladders.– 1910.28 - Safety requirements for scaffolding.– 1910.29 - Manually propelled mobile ladder stands and
scaffolds (towers).– 1910.30 - Other working surfaces.
OSHA Regulations Relating to Slip/Trip/Fall Injury Prevention
Construction
• 1926 Subpart C – General Safety & Health Provisions
• 1926 Subpart L – Scaffolds
• 1926 Subpart M – Fall Protection
• 1926 Subpart X – Ladders
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Additional Resources
• www.osha.gov
• http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/docs/d000001-d000100/d000006/d000006.html
• http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/falls.html
• www.wcfgroup.com
Questions/Comments?
Thank You!!