Presented to: ANSI Homeland Security Standards Panel December 14-15, 2005 Presenter: Kendall (Ken)...

Presented to:

ANSI Homeland Security Standards Panel

December 14-15, 2005

Presenter: Kendall (Ken) PostChief Technology Officer

Alert Systems, Inc.

Enabling a Dialogue Enabling a Dialogue

22 Alert Systems Inc.Alert Systems Inc.

Overview of PresentationOverview of Presentation

Background

Research

Methodology

Findings

Solutions

Discussion


About Alert Systems

Company Founders Media Director of PA Gov during 3-Mile Island incident. PH.D. Emergency

Communications

Fire Command Officer Large scale late night

evacuation experience

Ameritech Manager

Engineer / Program Director (ASI CTO)

Chief Tech OfficerKendall (Ken) Post

25 Years Applied Eng Space instrumentation Biomedical Radio communication Telecom (Dir of Eng.) Radio navigation ~

Patents behind receivers used by Coast Guard to monitor nation’s LORAN-C system


Growing Focus of EffortsGrowing Focus of Efforts

Internal CommunicationsInternal Communications Command & Control Radio (SafeCom)Command & Control Radio (SafeCom) ““Battle Management” IT ToolsBattle Management” IT Tools

External CommunicationsExternal Communications Sensor InfoSensor Info Public WarningsPublic Warnings External Resource MobilizationExternal Resource Mobilization Interagency NotificationInteragency Notification Supply Chain ManagementSupply Chain Management


Research Data SourcesResearch Data Sources- - Gathered Over 8-yearsGathered Over 8-years

Off-the-record discussions with EM’s

After incident reports

Federal strategic plans and reports

Domestic preparedness studies

Surveys by ASI and others

Conference reports

Media accounts

Research papers


Data AssociationData Association

Policy~ Legal, Regulatory Legislative

Organizational~ Standards,

Human Response Factors~ User Interface, Risk Communication, Multilingual

Procedural~ Operating Practices, Training

Technical


8 Categories of Stakeholders8 Categories of Stakeholders

1. Federal Government

2. State Government

3. Local Public Safety Agencies

4. Technology Providers (communications carriers, innovators, equipment providers)

5. Private Organizations with risk / liability interests (risk pools, insurance, hazmat manufacturers, nuclear power)

6. Private Organizations with research / education / policy missions

7. Auxiliary Service Providers (Red Cross, Search & Rescue)

8. Public / Public Advocates (deaf, elderly)


Establish Critical Principles / Establish Critical Principles / Operating Disciplines Operating Disciplines

1. Incident Command System~ NIMS

2. Agility of resources~ Interoperability of people and equipment

3. Systems engineering~ Economies of scale, reliability, recovery

4. Readiness~ Training, tech support, human factors

5. Public / private partnership~ Work to complementary strengths


Core ProcessesCore Processes- Inextricably Interwoven- Inextricably Interwoven


Basic Needs for Core ProcessesBasic Needs for Core Processes

1. Sensors Human Intelligence ~ CIA, FBI, 911 calls Pre-analyzed work-product ~ weather

forecasts, infectious disease

2. Incident Command System (ICS) Internet3. EM Information technology tools4. ‘Last-mile’ public warning, mobilization

& local interagency notification channels5. Warning / mobilization terminals &

‘smart’ devices


Unified Incident Command / Unified Incident Command / Decision Support ArchitectureDecision Support Architecture


Research Points to RoadmapResearch Points to Roadmap

Essential FeaturesEssential Features

Order of DevelopmentOrder of Development

Overall PerformanceOverall Performance

Cost of Development / Deployment / Cost of Development / Deployment / Operation / Maintenance / TrainingOperation / Maintenance / Training

Implementation Timeframe FeasibilityImplementation Timeframe Feasibility


Strategic Barriers to Progress1. Lack of master infrastructure plan & performance

standards / metrics. No single stakeholder can fully define / delineate efforts in

a sea of dependencies. No way to assure Interoperability of all elements.

2. Lack of umbrella organization to maintain master plan as science and technology advance.

Vital infrastructure straddles authority of all levels of government & private sector.

3. Fragmentation of funding & policies hinder sustained development / deployment of tech.

Fixing problems in core processes is beyond means & missions of individual local, regional or state agencies.

No economies of scale.

4. Poor warning / mobilization system performance.


Public Warning Performance is Public Warning Performance is Key to Unified Incident Key to Unified Incident Command CapabilityCommand Capability

Fed report, Effective Disaster Warnings""The major problem in modern emergency management The major problem in modern emergency management

is the [lack] of an effective warning system that reaches is the [lack] of an effective warning system that reaches every person at risk … no matter what they are doing or every person at risk … no matter what they are doing or where they are locatedwhere they are located.“.“

Weakest link of nation’s emergency information highway = disincentive to fix / unify other parts.


“You cannot improve, that what you cannot measure.”…Lord Kelvin, 1895

Research found no:Meaningful baseline performance dataComprehensive metrics to compare solutionsDefensible basis for setting metrics or standards

Need for Performance Metrics


Public Warming EffectivenessPublic Warming EffectivenessConference show of hands

100% - performance is inadequate or worse

Survey of EMs Reach 5 - 23% at 3AM, 40% at 10AM within 15 min.

Can’t reliably reach population segments: Deaf, rural, shopping, office, hotels, factories.

Performance undermined by: ‘Tight’ construction, satellite TV, movie rentals, Internet,

mobile lifestyles, wind noise.

Particularly problematic when: No utility power No pre-cursor (color of sky) Highly dynamic events


PW Operational Efficiency

Warning / mobilization / notification activities take 8 to 15 minutes

Timeframe is too long to use threat & evacuation modeling, and other advanced methods during initial procedures.


Attributes / Features for Ideal PW SystemAttributes / Features for Ideal PW SystemImmediate with Minimal Bandwidth

Indicate situation concisely Provide location specific

response Urgency coding Message replay by listener Auto-delete expired info Message recall mechanism

Strategic Geographic (polygon,

ellipsoid, altitude, FIP) Audience (language,

function, unit, rank, other affinity criteria)

Dynamic broadcast area

Assure Reach Deliver information where

people live, work, play Deliver to people in transit Outputs for factory horns,

aids used by deaf, electronic signage, computer networks.

Drive EAS decoders & sirens Uninterruptible power No service fees / accounts Dedicated purpose Direct access to channel Minimal alert duplication All-hazards, all-phases Rapid infrastructure recovery Text-to-voice synthesis

option


Larger Goals Related to Larger Goals Related to Public WarningsPublic Warnings

Expedite all 4 core processesExpedite all 4 core processes(data gathering, information management, (data gathering, information management,

knowledge formation, knowledge dissemination)knowledge formation, knowledge dissemination)

Foster formation of a Foster formation of a SeamlessSeamless National National Emergency Information HighwayEmergency Information Highway(connect warning systems to upstream tools & (connect warning systems to upstream tools &

sensors)sensors)

Empower local EM agencies:Empower local EM agencies: Integrated software tool suiteIntegrated software tool suite Real-time NIMS ‘battle management’Real-time NIMS ‘battle management’


Factors from Critical Principles / Factors from Critical Principles / Operating Practices Operating Practices

Local EMs need unified connectivity ~ Economic, costly tech support for old systems.Readiness ~ Training, all-hazard mission & needs, user interface (windows, browsers), human errors.Unified Incident Command System ~ Plug & play interoperability.


Studies Point to Overall Studies Point to Overall Performance GoalsPerformance Goals

Deliver warnings to at least 85% of affected public in 90 seconds.Perform warning / mobilization / notification activities in under 2 minutes.

Deliver vs. IssueAffected = geographic / audience specific


Compare Compare Warning Warning MethodsMethods

Features that cause Features that cause people to receive, people to receive,

separate and act on separate and act on emergency information.emergency information.


Basic Cell BroadcastingBasic Cell Broadcasting

Cellular systems have unused, non-congesting broadcasting capabilities

• Cell Broadcasting of GSM cellular networks

• Broadcast SMS of CMDA networks.

Everyone within a particular cell get the same message.


Smart ReceiversSmart ReceiversOvercoming human Overcoming human response & accessibilityresponse & accessibility

Urgency codingUrgency coding Geographic and audience Geographic and audience

specific messagingspecific messaging Eliminate duplicate Eliminate duplicate

messagesmessages Multi-languageMulti-language

Commissionable features Commissionable features to facilitate mobilization, to facilitate mobilization, acknowledge message acknowledge message receipt, return status info.receipt, return status info.

Representative form - fixed-site, cell-Representative form - fixed-site, cell-phones, auto telematics, other .phones, auto telematics, other .


Cell Casting & Smart ReceiversCell Casting & Smart ReceiversThe incident manager Cell-casts both Message 1 and Message 2 to cells including the affected area. Message 1 will notify people in the red area. Message 2 will notify just the people living in the orange area. All others located in cells colored green will ignore both Message 1 and Message 2.


Solution for Dislocated PeopleSolution for Dislocated PeopleDynamic signal coverage and smart receivers allow incident managers to change or recall a warning once people are dislocated (red ‘X’s indicate people who have evacuated from the red area).


Wide Applicability of MethodsWide Applicability of Methods

Most of methods can be applied to cell-phones, auto telematics systems, and other consumer products that use digital modulation including satellite radio, digital audio broadcasting, etc.


Overcoming Strategic Overcoming Strategic BarriersBarriers

Offering Presidential DirectivesOffering Presidential DirectivesProposing Legislation – National Incident Proposing Legislation – National Incident Command Architecture ActCommand Architecture ActProposing public / private partnership to Proposing public / private partnership to draft nation’s 1draft nation’s 1stst master plan for National master plan for National Incident Command / Decision Support Incident Command / Decision Support System in 90 days.System in 90 days.Offering recommendations from research to Offering recommendations from research to ANSI HS Standards Panel.ANSI HS Standards Panel.


Alert Systems Inc.

Madison, WI 53705

Telephone: (608) 238-3957

E-mail: [email protected]

This presentation and each slide is copyrighted to Alert Systems Inc.

Presented to: ANSI Homeland Security Standards Panel December 14-15, 2005 Presenter: Kendall (Ken)...

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