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What Do I do???
DIRECTOR – Brihaspati VidyasadanCTO – Rooster LogicDirector – Mdev SolutionsAdvisor – FOSS NepalSleeping member of Startup Weekend
REMO …
Warm Up!!!...
● Current status of Hardware● Current status of Software● Probable Future:
● Cloud● Big Data● Mobile● Social ???...
“I keep saying that the sexy job in the next 10 years will be statisticians,” Hal Varian, Chief economist at Google.
● Why study Information systems and
Information technology?
– Vital component of successful businesses
– Helps businesses expand and compete
– Improves efficiency and effectiveness of business
processes
– Facilitates managerial decision making and work
group collaboration
● An organized combination of…– People
– Hardware and software
– Communication networks
– Data resources
– Policies and procedures
● This system…– Stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates
information in an organization
What is Information System ?
● Information Systems
– All the components and resources necessary to
deliver information and functions to the
organization
– Could be paper based
● Information Technologies
– Hardware, software, networking, data
management
● Our focus will be on computer-based
Information systems (CBIS)
What is MIS? ● M: Management
– Business Functions/Processes, Organizations, and Human Behaviors
● I: Information– Contents: Data, Information, Knowledge– Processes: Create, Gather/capture/elicit, Store,
Organize, Consolidate & Condense, Filter, Deliver, and Share
● S: System (Information Systems/Information Technology)– Input-Process-Output and Storage – General Systems Theory (GST)
MIS is about People,
Not about Technology
A System View of an Information System
InputInput ProcessProcess OutputOutput
Data storageData storage
ProcedureProcedure
ControlControl
Environments
Data
Sources/
Business
events
Information
Destinations
Information System Boundary
Data Providers
•Consumers
•Users
•organization units
Information System (Producer)
Secondary storage
Main memory
Manual Procedures and Business Process
Individuals, Groups, Departments, Enterprise-wide, Customers, Trading partners
Data, Information, Knowledge
System SW, Application SW
Computers•Server•PC•Mobile
Networking
Information
Information Systems Components
Fundamental Role of IS in Business
Characteristics of Good Information● Accurate● Timely● Relevant (provide context) to decisions ● Just sufficient● Worth its cost (to justify its benefits)
• Deliver just enough accurate, relevant, and timely information to the right persons to make better decisions.
• How much energy does a Google search consume? 0.0003 kWh of energy per search; a Google search uses just
about the same amount of energy that your body burns in ten seconds.
Information overloading
Presentation of Information
“A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words”
Managing Information as a Resource
● The resources of the industrial age were tangible things (e.g., raw materials and human resources) and easily understood.
● In the emerging post-industrial society, there is little understanding of the characteristics of information – the basic yet abstract/intangible resource.
● Both physical resources and information could be mined, processed, bought, sold, and managed.
Information Life CycleD
ec isio nD
ec isio n
ActionAction
Da
taD
ata
InformationInformation
• Intelligence• Design • Choice
Characteristic of Information
● Expandable: Information explosion* Reduce information overload to reduce uncertainty in decision making.
● Compressible: Sorting, categorizing, filtering, aggregating, summarizing**, and consolidating.
● Substitutable: Substitute with other resources via productivity improvement.
● Transportable: Data communications and networking.● Diffusive: Spreading (sharing) and leaking (Security &
privacy)● Sharable: Sharing information is a shared transaction
instead of an exchange transaction.
Digital Universe: The world’s information is doubling every two years. In 2011 the world will create a staggering 1.8 zettabytes.
** Summly, a news-summarizing app acquired by Yahoo for $30 millions.
Information Hierarchy
Types of Information Systems
● Operations Support Systems
– Efficiently process business transactions
– Control industrial processes
– Support communication and collaboration
– Update corporate databases
● Management Support Systems
– Provide information as reports and displays
– Give direct computer support to managers during
decision-making
Purposes of Information Systems
Types of Operations Support Systems
● Transaction Processing Systems– Record and process business transactions
– Examples: sales processing, inventory systems, accounting
systems
● Process Control Systems– Monitor and control physical processes
– Example: using sensors to monitor chemical processes in a
petroleum refinery
● Enterprise Collaboration Systems– Enhance team and workgroup communication
– Examples: email, video conferencing
Management Support Systems
● What do they do?
– Provide information and support for effective
decision making by managers
● Management information systems
● Decision support systems
● Executive information systems
Types of Management Support Systems
● Management Information Systems (MIS)
– Reports and displays
– Example: daily sales analysis reports
● Decision Support Systems (DSS)
– Interactive and ad hoc support
– Example: a what-if analysis to determine where to spend advertising
dollars
● Executive Information Systems (EIS)
– Critical information for executives and managers
– Example: easy access to actions of competitors
Other Information Systems● Expert Systems
– Provide expert advice
– Example: credit application advisor
● Knowledge Management Systems
– Support creation, organization, and dissemination of
business knowledge throughout company
– Example: intranet access to best business practices
• Strategic Information Systems
Help get a strategic advantage over customer
Examples: shipment tracking, e-commerce Web systems
Measuring IT Success● Efficiency
– Minimize cost, time, and use of information
resources
● Effectiveness
– Support business strategies
– Enable business processes
– Enhance organizational structure and culture
– Increase customer and business value
Assignment 1
● Describe your background and experiences– Company name and the industry it belongs to – Position and general responsibility– Three major decisions
● Status about the Computer Based Information Systems present in your organization
● Briefly describe how these systems provide you with information that will help you take your three major decisions
