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PRESENTATION ON

TOPIC

CORRUPTION

SUBMITTED BY: INDERPREET KAUR (1022) SUBMITTED

TO

JAGDEEP KAUR (1028)

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BABA BANDA SINGH BAHADUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

FATEGARH SAHIB

Contents

1 Etymology

2 Corrupt activities

3 By field3.1 Politics

3.2 Police

4 Philosophy

CORRUPTION

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Inphilosophical,theological, or moral discussions, corruption isspiritualormoralimpurityor deviation from anideal. Ineconomy,corruption ispaymentfor services or material which the recipient is notdue, under law. This may be calledbribery,kickback, or, in the MiddleEast,baksheesh.

Political, bureaucratic, corporate and individual corruptionin India are major concerns. A 2005 study conductedby Transparency International in India found that more than55% ofIndians had first-hand experience of paying bribesorinfluence peddling to get jobs done in public offices

successfully.

Transparency International estimates that truckers pay US$5 billion inbribes annually. In 2010 India was ranked 87th out of 178 countries in

Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index.The recent scams involving unimaginably big amounts of money,such as the 2G spectrum scam, are well known. It is estimated thatmore than trillion dollars are stashed away in foreign havens, while

80% of Indians earn less than 2$ per day and every second child ismalnourished. It seems as if only the honest people are poor in Indiaand want to get rid of their poverty by education, emigration to cities,and immigration, whereas all the corrupt ones, are getting rich throughscams and crime. It seems as if India is a rich country filled with poor

people", the organisers ofDandi March II in the United States said.

The Comptroller and Auditor General of India said, As onMarch 31, 2010, unutilised committed external assistance was of theorder of Rs.1,05,339 crore.

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Etymology

The word corrupt (Middle English, from Latin corruptus, past participle ofcorrumpere,to abuse or destroy : com-, intensive pref. and rumpere, to break) when used as anadjective literally means "utterly broken".

Corrupt activities

Abuse of the system

Bid rigging

Bribery in politics, business, or sport Cartel

Collusion, an agreement between two or more persons,sometimes illegal and therefore secretive, to limit opencompetition by deceiving, misleading, or defraudingothers of their legal rights, or to obtain an objectiveforbidden by law typically by defrauding or gaining anunfair advantage

Cronyism

Electoral fraud

Embezzlement

Influence peddling

Nepotism

Organized crime

Patronage

Price Fixing

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuse_of_the_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bid_rigginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Briberyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collusionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronyismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_fraudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influence_peddlinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepotismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organized_crimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_Fixinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuse_of_the_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bid_rigginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Briberyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collusionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronyismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_fraudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influence_peddlinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepotismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organized_crimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_Fixing

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By field

Politics

Political corruption is the abuse of public power,office, or resources by elected governmentofficials for personal gain, e.g. by extortion,soliciting or offering bribes It can also take theform of office holders maintaining themselves inoffice by purchasing votes by enacting laws whichuse taxpayer money.Systemic corruption, thecomplete subversion of a political or economicsystem. Governmental corruption of judiciary isbroadly known in many transitionaland developing countries because the budget isalmost completely controlled by the executive.The latter undermines the separation of powers,

as it creates a critical financial dependence of thejudiciary. The proper national wealth distributionincluding the government spending on thejudiciary is subject of the constitutionaleconomics. It is important to distinguish betweenthe two methods of corruption of the judiciary: thegovernment (through budget planning and variousprivileges), and the private.

Police

Police corruption is a specific form ofpolicemisconduct designed to obtain financial benefits,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_corruptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developing_countrieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budgethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_misconducthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_misconducthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_corruptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developing_countrieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budgethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_misconducthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_misconduct

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other personal gain, and/or career advancementfor a police officer or officers in exchange for notpursuing, or selectively pursuing, an investigation

or arrest. One common form of police corruptionis soliciting and/or accepting bribes in exchangefor not reporting organized drug or prostitutionrings or other illegal activities. Another example ispolice officers flouting the police code ofconduct in order to secure convictions of suspects

for example, through the use offalsifiedevidence. More rarely, police officers maydeliberately and systematically participatein organized crime themselves. In most majorcities, there are internal affairssections toinvestigate suspected police corruption ormisconduct. Similar entities include the

British Independent Police ComplaintsCommission.

Philosophy

Frequently in philosophical discussions, corruptiontakes the form of contrasting a pure spiritual formwith a corrupted manifestation in the physical world.Many philosophers, in fact, have regarded thephysical world as inevitably corrupt (Plato) being the

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most famous example of this school of thought).The Book of Genesis 6:12 similarly describes aworld before the flood where 'everyone on earth was

corrupt' .Another philosophical use of the term "corruption" isin opposition to "generation," asin Aristotle's book On Generation andCorruption also known as On Coming to Be andPassing Away. In this sense, corruption is theprocess of ceasing to exist and is closely related tothe concept of dying given certain views about thenature of living things. In a moral sense, corruptiongenerally refers to decadence orhedonism. Intheological or political debates, certain viewpointsare sometimes accused of being corruptions oforthodox systems of belief, which is to say, they areaccused of having deviated from some older correctview.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Genesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noah's_Arkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle'shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Generation_and_Corruptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Generation_and_Corruptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decadencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedonismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Genesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noah's_Arkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle'shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Generation_and_Corruptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Generation_and_Corruptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decadencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedonism