CCNA(CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK

ASSOCIATE)

Submitted by:-

ARUNABH DEKARoll no:- 2019

E.C.E (2008-2012)

OVERVIEW

A. What is Cisco?A. The MICROSOFT of Networking.B. Established in 1984 at San Francisco,

HQ-San Jose, California.C. Founders:-

A. Lan BosackB. Sandy LernerC. John T. Chambers(Chairman & CEO)

NETWORKING DEVICES Switches

Hubs Routers Bridges

PEER-TO-PEER COMMUNICATION

TCP/IP MODEL

NETWORKING CONNECTIONS

Straight Through Cable

CROSSOVER CABLE

ROLLOVER CABLE

IP ADDRESSING Two Types:- IPv4(Internet Protocol version 4):-

1. 32 bit Binary Address2. Represented with Dots. E.g.:- 192.168.16.1/24

IPv6(Internet Protocol version 6):-1. 128 Bits Binary Address2. Represented with Colons & Double Columns E.g.:- 2000::7:2100:0:0:2121

INTERNET PROTOCOL VERSION 4(IPV4) Two Types:-

A. Public IP’s Routable IP’sB. Private IP’s Personal

Uses(Networking) Classification of IP Addresses:-

Class A : Class B : Class C : Class D : Multicast Class E : Research

NetworkNetwork HostHost HostHost HostHost

NetworkNetwork NetworkNetwork NetworkNetwork HostHost

NetworkNetwork NetworkNetwork HostHost HostHost

8 bits 8 bits 8 bits 8 bits

SUBNETTING Subnetting is logically dividing the network by extending the 1’s used in Subnet Mask. Advantage:-

Can divide network in smaller parts.Restrict Broadcast traffic.Security.Simplified Administration.

ROUTERS

Router is an internetworking component, that connects networks which are at different geographical locations.

Routers

Modular

Modular Routers

These type of routers have upgradable slots, and the number of ports can be increased just by adding cards in the slots. E.g.:-Cisco Routers from 2600,…, 12000

Fixed Routers

These types of routers have fixed number of ports. E.g.:- Cisco Routers from 700,…, 2500

Fixed

ROUTING Static Dynamic Default

When the destination is known, static and dynamic routing is done. Static routing is done by the users.

For unknown destinations, default routing is employed.

In dynamic routing, path is fixed by the protocol. Path changes depending on the length of the path. Always the shortest path is preferred. Paths are stored in the routing table.

RIP(ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL)

A Distance Vector Routing Protocol.

“Hop count metric” selects the path. It is the only criteria. Maximum is 15.

Route updates are broadcasted after every 30 seconds.

RIPv1 uses only Classful Routing.

EIGRP(ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL) Supports IPv4 and IPv6 via Protocol-

Dependent Modules.

Considered Classless.

Efficient Neighbor discovery.

Maximum Hop Count is 255. By Default it is 100.

Uses Reliable Transport Protocol(RTP).

OSPF (OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST)

An Open standard Routing Protocol.

A Link-State Routing Protocol.

Minimizes Routing Update Traffic.

Has unlimited Hop Count.

VLAN (VIRTUAL LAN)

VLANs helps reduce the cost of moving employees from one location to another

VLAN TRUNKING PROTOCOL

VLAN trunking protocol (VTP)A layer 2 messaging protocol that manages all

the changes to the VLANs across networks. VTP domains

VTP devices are organized into domains. Each switch can only be in one VTP domain at a time.

VTP device modes:-ServerClientTransparent

FRAME RELAY It is a packet-switched, connection-oriented, WAN service. It operates at the data link layer of the OSI reference model.

PROJECT WORK

THANK YOU