Pre-operative Identification of the At-risk Elderly Surgical Patient.
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Transcript of Pre-operative Identification of the At-risk Elderly Surgical Patient.
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Pre-operative Identification of the “At Risk” Elderly Surgical Patient
Presented by: Jennifer Lindsay and Sarah Paul
Penticton Regional Hospital
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MR. T
○ 87 years old – lives independently
○ Scheduled for elective inpatient surgery – expected LOS 1 day
○ Seen in Pre-surgical screening clinic by RN & anesthetist
○ Pre-operative documentation from pre-screening clinic
Dementia
HTN
COPD
Bypass grafting x4
Frail Elderly
Coping poorly at home
ASA 4
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WHAT WAS MR. T’S OUTCOME?
○ Discharged POD 1 and readmitted POD 6 post fall / hip
fracture
○ Returned to Operating Room on POD 7
○ Developed UTI
○ 2nd admission 43 days
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○ 92 years, assisted living
○ Scheduled for elective inpatient surgery – expected LOS 1 day
○ Seen in Pre-surgical screening clinic by RN and anesthetist
○ Pre-operative documentation from Pre-screening:
Frail elderly
Compromised mobility requiring assist with ADL’s
HTN
A-Fib
Albumin 32
Anemia requiring transfusions
MR. R
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○ Returned to operating room on POD 0 to control bleeding
○ Discharged POD 2
○ Readmitted POD 7 for Acute Coronary Syndrome
○ 2nd admission 28 days
○ Discharged to hospice for end of life care
WHAT WAS MR. R’S OUTCOME?
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○ 82 years, nursing home resident
○ Scheduled for elective day surgery
○ Seen in pre-surgical screening clinic by RN & anesthetist
○ Pre-operative documentation from pre-screening
Walker and wheelchair dependent
Parkinson’s
HTN
Pitting edema to lower legs (lower legs bandaged for cellulitis)
CVA with residual RT sided deficit
IDDM
Hx Multiple Falls
On Warfarin
MR. W
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○ Admitted for day surgery and transferred back to LTC
○ Readmitted on POD 14 with urosepsis, bacteremia and acute
renal failure
○ Discharged to LTC for end of life care
WHAT WAS MR. W’S OUTCOME?
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○ These cases highlight the complexities that accompany the frail
elderly into the operating room
○ Of note, these cases were not reviewed by internal medicine
pre-operatively
○ The indicators of frailty, immobility, functional status and
cognitive status are strong predictors of outcome requiring
preoperative consideration
○ Re-evaluation of the “simple” procedure – a seemingly benign
procedure can be the catalyst for catastrophic outcomes
WHY THESE CASES?
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○ NSQIP defines “elderly” as >65 years of age
○ DSM is Death and Serious Morbidity
○ Serious morbidity encompasses a wide range of post operative complications including wound infections, urinary tract infections, renal failure/ progressive renal insufficiency, major cardiac events (MI & cardiac arrest), a return to the OR, pneumonia, and sepsis.
WHAT IS ELDERLY DSM?
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○ NSQIP data identified PRH as a high outlier for the measure of DSM
○ A peak of 20% occurrence was noted in January of 2013
○ NSQIP expected rate of DSM occurrence is 8%
○ Pre-surgical Screening /Internal Medicine initiative launched in July 2013
○ A working group was established consisting of PSSC nurses, Internal
Medicine physicians, Family practice GP, PT and RT practice leaders, OR
Manager, NSQIP SCR and SC and site Quality consultant
WHERE WE STARTED
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Elderly Patient
PSSC RN
Internal Medicine
Family Practice
NSQIP SCR
OR Manager
NSQIP Surgeon
Champion
PT and RT
Quality Consultant
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○ Internal Medicine specialist contribution is a key element
○ IM physicians were engaged and supportive
○ Participated in the development of an assessment tool
○ IM physicians were available for all consults generated through
PSSC
○ As the initiative evolved, a partnership between the surgical
specialties and internal medicine developed
ROLE OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
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UCL
LCL0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%1
/1/1
3
2/1
/13
3/1
/13
4/1
/13
5/1
/13
6/1
/13
7/1
/13
8/1
/13
9/1
/13
10/1
/13
11/1
/13
12/1
/13
Death and Serious Morbidity Elderly 2013 PRH
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UCL
LCL0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1/1
/14
2/1
/14
3/1
/14
4/1
/14
5/1
/14
6/1
/14
7/1
/14
8/1
/14
9/1
/14
10/1
/14
11/1
/14
12/1
/14
Death and Serious Morbidity Elderly 2014 PRH
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WHERE ARE WE NOW?
=+
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○ This initiative has been pivotal in the management of our at risk elderly patient
○ Multidisciplinary team caring for this specialized population
○ Creating a framework to encourage communication and ethical decision-making throughout the perioperative journey
○ Breaking down the hierarchy to bridge the communication gap between Internal Medicine and Nursing
○ Promoting earlier connection between Internal Medicine and Surgical services
○ Decrease of DSM rates from 13.2% in 2013 to 7.7% at the end of 2014
○ This initiative has shown an improvement in patient outcomes and supports long term sustainability
TO SUMMARIZE….
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“We have definitely made some gains and
I really want to capitalize and improve
further”
Dr. David Kincade
Internal Medicine
Penticton Regional Hospital