Practice Packet Topic 1: ProloguePRACTICE PACKET: TOPIC 1 PROLOGUE 10 Directions: For each problem...

Practice Packet

Topic 1: Prologue

Vocabulary: ________________

Lesson 1: __________________

Lesson 2: __________________

Lesson 3: __________________

Lesson 4: __________________

Lesson 5: __________________ Name: ____________________________________________

Non-Science Vocabulary you MUST know to pass Earth Science

Part 1: Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following terms is used for the boundary between two things?

1) Component 2) Interface 3) Determine 4) Orientation

2. Things that are unsorted or disorganized are best described as

1) Concentrated 2) Resistant 3) Indicated 4) Random

3. Which of the following means “coming together”?

1) Dominant 2) Converge 3) Deviation 4) Coordinate

4. The likelihood of an event is best described as its

1) Gradient 2) Origin 3) Probability 4) Factor

5. Which of the following can mean “left behind”?

1) Deposit 2) Exceed 3) Originate 4) Prevail

Part 2: Write the letter of the correct definition on the line for each word.

______6. Severity

______7. Frequency

______8. Predict

______9. Deplete

______10. Uniform

______11. Duration

______12. Ascending

______13. Abundant

______14. Inferred

______15. Composition

A. The same

B. Estimated or guessed about

C. How often something occurs

D. The degree to which something happens

E. To determine the future of something

F. Many or the most

G. Increasing

H. To remove or reduce

I. What something is made out of

J. Amount of time something take

ASSESS YOURSELF ON THIS LESSON: _________/15

VOCABULARY

For each word, provide a short but specific definition from YOUR OWN BRAIN! No boring textbook

definitions. Write something to help you remember the word. Explain the word as if you were explaining

it to an elementary school student. Give an example if you can. Don’t use the words given in your

definition!

Observation: ____________________________________________________________________

Inference: _____________________________________________________________________

Prediction: _____________________________________________________________________

Classification: ___________________________________________________________________

Measurement: ___________________________________________________________________

Instruments: ____________________________________________________________________

Density: _______________________________________________________________________

Mass: _________________________________________________________________________

Direct relationship: _______________________________________________________________

Indirect (inverse) relationship: ______________________________________________________

Cyclic change: ___________________________________________________________________

Interface: _____________________________________________________________________

Dynamic equilibrium: ______________________________________________________________

Rate of change: __________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1 – What is Earth Science

Review:

1. The study of the solid earth is called

a. geology. b. oceanography. c. meteorology. d. astronomy.

2. The earth scientist most likely to study storms is

a. a geologist. b. an oceanographer. c. a meteorologist. d. an astronomer.

3. A meteorite lands in your backyard. Which earth scientist would you call to study the meteorite?

Why?

Objective:

• I can name the four branches that make up Earth Science

• I can describe the four branches of Earth Science

• I can see the importance of studying Earth Science

Earth Science in Action Three students, Alejandro, Barbara, and Cheryl, discovered a very unusual rock formation while hiking

one day. Each student wrote a short summary about the discovery for their earth-science class.

Alejandro’s Summary

During a hike through Jacob’s Glen near Kenoza Lake we discovered an unusual rock formation. We

were climbing up a hill that had bare rock on one side. Near the top, we saw a layer of black rock with

gold crystals in it. This was the only rock on the hill that had any kind of crystal in it. We tried to chip

off a piece of the gold crystal from the rock, but the crystals would not come loose. The rock itself was

very hard and resisted chipping.

Barbara’s Summary

We discovered a very unusual rock formation while hiking through Jacob’s Glen on the south side of

Kenoza Lake. We followed an old, dried-up stream bed through the glen. About 0.5 km south of Kenoza

Lake we came upon a large hill. The north side of the hill was exposed, and the rock layers were visible.

As we climbed the hill, we noticed that the rock layers were mostly light brown. About 10 m from the top

of the hill, we came upon a layer of black rock. There were many gold-colored crystals throughout the

rock. This seemed very unusual because all of the other rock layers were light brown layers with no

visible crystals in them. The gold-colored crystals were cubic and had an average diameter of 0.5 cm.

The rock was very hard, and the crystals would not break loose from the rock.

Cheryl’s Summary

We found a very unusual rock formation while hiking through Jacob’s Glen the other day. The hill

near the old stream bed had an exposed side that showed the rock formations underneath. All the layers

looked uninteresting except for a layer of black rock. The black rock layer had many gold crystals in it.

The crystals were set tightly in the rock. We tried to pry them loose using a knife, but we had no luck.

The rock itself was very hard. We tried to chip off a piece using other rocks, but none of them even

scratched the black rock. The gold crystals in the rock were medium sized and round. They sparkled in

the sunlight.

Your Turn to Think

1. Suppose you were a visiting scientist interested in locating this rock formation. Which student’s

summary would you use to find the rock formation? Explain your choice.

2. Both Alejandro and Cheryl reported that the rock formation contained gold crystals. Why did

Barbara report that the rock had gold-colored crystals?

3. Why did the students try to break the rock?

4. What other facts would you have included if you had written the summary describing this rock

formation?

THINKING CRITICALLY

Lesson 2 – Observation, Inference, & Classification

Directions: Read the following passage & decide (a) what observations Inspector Richard’s made & (b)

what inferences were based on each observation.

Murder?

The rain had just stopped. Inspector Richards arrived at the house at 2 P.M. The front door was

locked. He pried open the door & went in Mrs. Williams was lying in bed. She was dead. The bedroom

window was open & there were several small puddles of water between Mrs. Williams’s bed & the window.

The woman was wearing a diamond necklace, & there was a bottle of pills on the night table near the bed.

Mr. Williams was out of town on business.

Because Mrs. Williams was still wearing her diamond necklace, robbery could not have been the

motive. It was obviously a case of murder. The murderer must have come in through the bedroom

window & killed Mrs. Williams. The puddles of water were probably left by his shoes.

A. Observation

1. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

B. Inference

1. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Objective:

• I can define Observation

• I can describe why we use Instruments

• I can define Inference

• I can describe Prediction

• I can describe Classification

Directions: After reading the paragraph below, identify which of Pat’s statements are observations (O)

or inferences (I).

Pat received a present on the day before her birthday. The person who gave her the gift

wrote on the box, “Not to be opened before your birthday.” Pat, feeling she is older now,

doesn’t open the large box (3’ x 3”) but shakes it, listens to it, turns it over, but does not

open the box.

1. The box is heavy. ______

2. There is something that sounds like it is

rolling inside. ______

3. The gift must be big, because the box is

so large. ______

4. The box is cold. ______

5. The gift is heavy. ______

6. The gift must be expensive, because it is

big. ______

7. The box is square. ______

8. There is a ball inside the box. ______

9. The box is weathered, so it must have

come a long way. ______

10.The box is green. ______

Directions: Study the drawing below, than write out your observations and inferences (possible

hypotheses) about your observations.

1. Make observations about the picture.

a. _________________________________________

_________________________________________

b. _________________________________________

_________________________________________

c. _________________________________________

_________________________________________

2. Write inferences or hypotheses based on your observations.

a. _________________________________________

_________________________________________

b. _________________________________________

_________________________________________

c. _________________________________________

_________________________________________

PRACTICE PACKET: TOPIC 1 PROLOGUE

7

What do you see in the images below?

HINT: There are 2 images in each picture!

Can you match each

food at the bottom of

the page with with his

or her chosen dish?

Examine their outfit’s

conditions and other

visual clues.

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

A B C D E

F G H I J


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1. In order to make observations, an observer

must use

a. Experiments

b. Proportions

c. The senses

d. Mathematical calculations

2. A pebble found in a dry field has rounded

edges. An instructor says that the pebble has

been rolled over and over in a flowing stream.

His comment can best be classified as

a. An inference

b. A fact

c. A description

d. An observation

3. The general purpose of a scientific system of

classification is to

a. Make better interpretations

b. Eliminate observations

c. Organize for easier study

d. State theories

4. Which descriptive term illustrates an

inference?

a. Transparent

b. Bitter

c. Younger

d. Smooth

5. While on a field trip to a large lake in New

York State, an observer recorded four

statements about this lake. Which of these

statements is most likely an inference?

a. The lake was formed by glacial action

b. The water is clear enough to see the

bottom of the lake

c. A log is floating in the lake

d. The surface temperature of the late is

18.5ºC.

1a. Examine the four options and pick one wrong

answer. Describe why the answer is wrong.

___________________________________

___________________________________

2a. In your own words restate what the

question is asking.

___________________________________

___________________________________


question is asking.

___________________________________

___________________________________

3b. What two words go with Classification?

___________________________________

___________________________________

4a. What do the words mean?

Descriptive: __________________________

Illustrates: __________________________


question is asking.

___________________________________

___________________________________

5b. Examine the four options and pick one wrong

answer. Describe why the answer is wrong.


9

Lesson 3 – Mass, Volume, Density & Measurement

Directions: Record the measurements on the ruler, graduated cylinder & triple beam balance.

A B C D E F G H A: ____________________

B: ____________________

C: ____________________

D: ____________________

E: ____________________

F: ____________________

G: ____________________

H: ____________________

I: _____________________

J: _____________________

K: _____________________

L: _____________________

M: ____________ N: _____________ O: _____________ P: _____________

Objective:

• I can define Measurement

• I can define Mass

• I can define Volume

• I can define Density

• I can use the Density triangle to find Mass, Volume, & Density Formulas

I J K L

M N

O P


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Directions: For each problem below, write the equation and show your work. Always use units and box in

your final answer.

1. If the mass of an object is 10 grams and its volume is measured to be 5 cubic centimeters, what

is the object’s density?

2. If the volume of a sample of pyrite is 2 milliliters and the object has a density of 5 g/ml, what is

the mass of the sample of pyrite?

3. What is the mass of a 350 cm3 sample of pure silicon with a density of 2.336 g/cm3?

4. A student finds a rock on the way to school. In the laboratory he determines that the volume of

the rock is 22.7 cm3, and the mass is 39.943 g. What is the density of the rock?

5. The density of lead is 11.342 g/cm3. What would be the volume of a 200.0 g sample of this metal?

Directions: Use the graph below to answer the following questions.

6. If the volume of substance K is

5 milliliters what is the mass of

substance K?

7. What is the density of

substance K?

8. If the mass of sample L is 23

grams, what is the volume of

sample L?

9. What is the density of sample L?

10. If a sample of substance K has a mass of 75 grams, what would be the volume of that sample?


11

Directions: Plot three points on each line A-E & use those points to complete the charts below.

LINE A Mass Volume Density

Point 1 g mL g/mL

Point 2 g mL g/mL

Point 3 g mL g/mL

LINE B Mass Volume Density

Point 1 g mL g/mL

Point 2 g mL g/mL

Point 3 g mL g/mL

LINE C Mass Volume Density

Point 1 g mL g/mL

Point 2 g mL g/mL

Point 3 g mL g/mL


If you missed more than 4, do the Additional Practice. If not, go on to the next hw video!!!


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LINE D Mass Volume Density

Point 1 g mL g/mL

Point 2 g mL g/mL

Point 3 g mL g/mL

LINE E Mass Volume Density

Point 1 g mL g/mL

Point 2 g mL g/mL

Point 3 g mL g/mL

Lesson 4 – The Concept of Density

1. Generally, what phase of matter (solid, liquid or gas) has the lowest density? Highest?

2. Bubbles in soda rise to the surface. Explain this in terms of density.

3. The diagram below shows a glass jar containing a clear liquid and a floating rock. Which conclusion

about the relative density of the rock and the liquid is true?

a. The rock and the liquid have the same density.

b. The rock is less dense than the liquid.

c. The rock is more dense than the liquid.

4. As water cools from 4°C to 0°C, its density

a. increases

b. decreases

c. remains the same

ASSESS YOURSELF ON THIS ADDITIONAL PRACTICE: _________/9

If you missed more than 2 you should see me for extra help and/or re-watch the lesson

video assignment

Objective:

• I can find the relative density of an object.

• I can explain why density does not change based on size or shape.

• I can describe how temperature affects density

• I can describe how pressure affects density

• I can explain how phases of matter affect density


13

Questions 5 through 7 refer to the following: The

graph above shows the mass and volume for five

different samples of the mineral pyrite.

5. According to the graph above, the density

of pyrite is about

a. 0.5 g/cm3 c. 7.5 g/cm3

b. 2.5 g/cm3 d. 5.0 g/cm3

6. If one of the original samples of pyrite

were cut in half, the density of each half

would be

a. less than the original sample

b. the same as the original sample

c. greater than the original sample

7. If a sample of pyrite has a volume of 50

cm3, its mass would be

a. 350 g c. 15 g

b. 150 g d. 250 g

8. If the object is cut in half, the density of

each piece will be

a. greater than that of the original

object

b. the same as that of the original

object

c. less than that of the original object

9. The diagram below represents a cylinder

which contains four

different liquids, W, X, Y,

and Z, each with a

different density (D) as

indicated. A piece of solid

quartz having a density of

2.7 g/cm3 is placed on the

surface of liquid W. When

the quartz is released, it

will pass through

a. W and X, but not Y or Z

b. W, X, Y, and Z

c. W, but not X, Y, or Z

d. W, X, and Y, but not Z

10. As a volume of air expands due to heating,

the density of this air will

a. remain the same

b. increase

c. decrease

11. When a material is placed in a container

of water, it sinks to the bottom.

Compared to the density of water, the

density of the material is

a. Less

b. The same

c. Greater

12. If a cube was cut into four smaller cubes,

the density of one of the small cubes,

compared to that of the original cube,

would be

a. one-fourth as great

b. the same

c. four times as great

d. one-sixteenth as great


If you missed more than 4, do the Additional Practice. If not, go on to the next hw video!!!


14

13. If this material is heated and expands, the

density of the material will

a. decrease c. increase

b. remain the same

14. If pressure is applied to a cube until its

volume is one-half of its original volume, its

new density will be

a. one-half its original density

b. twice its original density

c. the same as its original density

d. one-third its original density

15. The density of the material in a cube is

determined at different temperatures and

phases of matter. At which temperature and

in which phase of matter would the density

of the cube most likely be greatest?

a. at 200°C and in the solid phase

b. at 1800°C and in the liquid phase

c. at 20°C and in the solid phase

d. at 2700°C and in the gaseous phase

16. If the sphere is heated to a temperature

below its melting point, which is most likely

to occur?

a. Both the volume and density of the

sphere will increase.

b. The volume of the sphere will

increase, but it's density will

decrease.

c. The volume of the sphere will

decrease, but it's density will

increase.

d. Both the volume and density of the

sphere will decrease.

17. One sample of mineral B is heated until it

melts. Compared to the density of the

original sample, the density of the melted

sample most likely will be

a. greater

b. the same

c. less

Lesson 5 – Rate of Change

Wisconsin Man Gobbles up his 29,000th Big Mac

USA Today Dec 8, 2016

FOND DU LAC, Wis. — "Big Mac Daddy" Don Gorske reached yet another meaty milestone

Thursday as he sat in his customary booth at McDonald’s. You know, the one with his framed photo

showcased on the wall above.

At about 5 p.m., the 63-year-old Fond du Lac resident of Super Size Me fame ate his 29,000th

Big Mac sandwich, made up of “two all beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese, pickles, onions on a

sesame seed bun.”

Gorske, who has held the Guinness world record for Big Mac consumption since 2001. "There must

be something wrong with me, but it’s still my favorite food,”

Obsessive-compulsive? Definitely, Gorske said. He once ate a Big Mac from Hawaii that a friend

mailed to him. "I froze it and then I baked it in the oven for 15 minutes at 400 degrees. I figured if

that didn't kill the germs, nothing would,” he told action Reporter Media in 2011.

Gorske claims that after getting his first car on May 17, 1972, he headed straight to a

McDonald’s in his hometown. He bit into the burger, and something powerful took hold.

Objective:

• I can identify the dependent & independent variables

• I can describe a cyclic change

• I can use the rate of change formula

http://fondul.ac/2hqUCTL

http://fondul.ac/2hqUCTL


15

Since then, the former prison guard has made guest appearances on Jimmy Kimmel, Rachael Ray,

Lopez Tonight and Good Morning America, to name a few, and was even the focus of a joke on Saturday

Night Live and a question in the game "Trivial Pursuit." He is featured in the 2005 documentary Don

Gorske: Mac Daddy and authored 22,477 Big Macs in 2008.

Just recently, Gorske paid tribute to Big Mac inventor Michael “Jim” Delligatti, who passed away

Monday at age 98. Normally, on that day of the week, Gorske would have taken a sandwich from his

freezer stash and heated it up in the microwave.

Instead, he ate at his special spot at McDonald’s and marked the occasion by holding up a photo

of Delligatti while his wife took a snapshot for posterity. “This was strange for me, really weird, because

it was also my birthday, and I got an email that day from Guinness saying my record still stands,” Gorske

said.

His wife, Mary Gorske, didn’t partake with him. In fact, she doesn’t much like meat but does

insist he purchase a parfait of yogurt topped with fruit. “She told me I should eat something healthy,

and she’s a nurse," Gorske said. "I think it’s paid off because I get a clean bill of health every year."

On Mondays, he usually purchases six Big Macs and four parfaits to last him through Wednesday,

On Thursday, he purchases eight Big Macs and another four parfaits. He loves the taste of the burger

microwaved, when all the flavors meld together just right.

A Big Mac contains 540 calories, with 28% fat, according to McDonald's. At one or two Big Macs

per day and little else beside Coke and the low-fat parfait, he probably eats fewer calories than many

people do. In fact, his cholesterol has never been over 160 mg/dL, he said, and he weighs in at around

200 pounds on a 6-foot, 2-inch tall frame.

If he lives as long as his dad, Gorske will have consumed 40,000 Big Macs when he turns 86.

Wrappers and proofs-of-purchase cluttering his home will be evidence of his gastronomic legacy. “It’s

not something I obsess about, but I tell my kids that when I do go, they better know the count of the

last Big Mac I’ve eaten.”

Interesting, huh? That’s a lot of all-beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese, pickles, and onions on

sesame seed buns! How fast did he eat them? Showing your work calculate his rate of consumption four

times - per day, week, month, and year.

Rate of Change = --------------------------------------------

Rate per Year Rate per Month Rate per Week Rate per Day


16

A C B

D

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