Practical 2 is next week !!!!!!!!

Same time and place as your usual lab

Covers the Bone Markings to Joints Lab

60 Questions, multiple choice

Questions fairly evenly divided among labs

Emphasis on muscles, axial, appen. skeleton

What is a Joint?

A place where bones connect or articulate

Bones are held together at a joint by ligaments

There are 3 types of joints….

Types of JointsFibrous Joints Allow very little to no movement No joint cavity

Cartilaginous Joints Most allow moderate amounts of movement No joint cavity Pad of cartilage in between bones at joint

Synovial Joints Allow lots of movement Joint cavity present

Fibrous

Fibrous

Types of JointsFibrous Joints Allow very little to no movement No joint cavity

Cartilaginous Joints Allows a moderate amount of movement No joint cavity Pad of cartilage in the joint

Synovial Joints Allow lots of movement Joint cavity present

Cartilaginous

Types of JointsFibrous Joints Allow very little to no movement No joint cavity

Cartilaginous Joints Most allow moderate amounts of movement No joint cavity Pad of cartilage in the joint

Synovial Joints Allow lots of movement Joint cavity present

Synovial

Types of Synovial Joints

Flat articulating surfaces

Sliding movement in 1 or 2 planes

Examples: intercarpal joints intertarsal joints

Types of Synovial Joints

Movement in 1 plane (like a door)

Examples: elbow interphalangeal joints knee joint

Types of Synovial Joints

Allows for rotation

Examples: radius-ulna joint atlas-axis joint

Types of Synovial Joints

Allows 2-way movement

Examples: wrist joint knuckles

Types of Synovial Joints

Allows 2-way movement

Examples: thumb joint

Types of Synovial Joints

Allows lots of motion

Examples: shoulder joint hip joint

Synovial Joint Anatomy

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Synovial Fluid = joint oil

The Synovial Membrane secretes synovial fluid into the joint

Lets Dissect a Cow Synovial Joint !!!

Find These Things: 1. Ligaments 2. Synovial Membrane 3. Articular Cartilage 4. Joint Cavity 5. Yellow Bone Marrow

Which joint are you dissecting???

The Knee Joint

Largest & most complex joint in the body

Be familiar with the following: medial meniscus lateral meniscus anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

The Knee Joint – Pg. 128-129

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Joint DisordersSprain ligaments holding the joint together are damaged by hyperextension or a tear EX: ankle sprain

Dislocation bone(s) are forced out of their normal position in the joint bone “goes out of its socket”

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