UNIT 1. NUTRITION

6TH GRADE

ENGLISH CATALÀ ENGLISH CATALÀDigestive system Respiratory system

Bolus Air sacs

Carbohydrates Bronchi

Chyle Bronchioles

Chyme Larynx

Liver Lungs

Pharynx Nostrils

Salivary glands Trachea

Villi Breathe

Swallow Choke on

Exhale Inhale

NEW

VO

CABU

LARY

NUTRITIONNutrition is the combination of processes which supply our body with

the building materials and energy we need to live.

Foods give us these nutrients.

Nutrients are the substances that your body needs in order to grow and stay healthy.

Six categories of nutrients:

- MINERALS

- PROTEINS

- WATER

- VITAMINS

- FATS

- CARBOHYDRATES

CARBOHYDRATES

Carbohydrates are turned into energy for immediate

use.

Pasta, bread, cereals, rice, potatoes and pasta.

FATS

Fats provide a slower supply of energy.They are transformed into energy reserves.

Oil, butter, chocolate…

FATS

ANIMALS FATSeggs, fish, meat

VEGETABLES FATS nuts and seeds

PROTEINS

Proteins are indispensable for us to grow and repair our body.

Meat, fish, eggs, milk and pulses

VITAMINS AND MINERALS

Vitamins and minerals are essential to stay healthy and

grow.

Fruits and vegetables

WATER

Water to dissolve and transport nutrients, and to

compensate for the water we lose when we sweat or urinate.

PROCESSES INVOLVED IN NUTRITION

There are four processes involved in nutrition.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

EXCRETORY SYSTEM

DIGESTIONDigestion is the process of transforming the food we eat and drink into the nutrients our body needs.

The digestive system carries out three important functions: digestion, absorption and the elimination of waste.

It normally takes our body 24 to 48 hours to digest food.

1. Digestion begins in our mouth. Our teeth cut and chew our food, and our tongue mixes it with saliva.

2. The food travels down the oesophagus to the stomach.

3. In the stomach, the food mixes with gastric juices, which break the food down.

4. The mixture of food and gastric juices travels through the small intestine. Nutrients from the food are absorbed into our blood.

5. The parts of the food our body does not need continue into the large intestine.

6. The parts of the food our body does not need leave our body through the anus.

When we eat, we chew our food with our teeth, mix it with saliva, produced by the

salivary glands, with our tongue and swallow the mass of food, or food bolus. When

we swallow, the bolus is pushed into the pharynx and down the oesophagus.

The stomach mixes the food bolus, liquids and digestive juices for about two hours. This produces a thick liquid called chyme.

In the small intestine the chyme mixes with juices from the intestine, the pancreas and the liver, and makes the chyle.

The small intestine absorbs the nutrients you need to live and the rest goes to your large intestine.

Small intestineLarge intestineFaeces leave the body through the anus.

DIGESTIONhttp://kidshealth.org/en/kids/dsmovie.html#cat20580

http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter26/animation__organs_of_digestion.html

http://kitses.com/animation/swfs/digestion.swf

HEALTHY DIET

A complete balanced diet means eating the right

amount of food from each of the food groups.

RESPIRATION

Breathing is the process that our body uses to obtain oxygen from the air.

Respiration is the process by which we take in oxygen and expel carbon

dioxide.

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Nostrils

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

When we breathe in, air enters our body through the nostrils, goes to the pharynx, then travels down the larynx and trachea.

Next, air goes through two small tubes called the bronchi, and enters our lungs.

TRACHEABRONCHI

LUNGS

The bronchi are divided into smaller branches called bronchioles. The bronchioles lead to the air sacs.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJpur6XUiq4

Air sacs are covered by tiny capillaries. When blood circulates through these capillaries, red blood cells take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. This process is called gaseous exchange.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM : http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/dl/free/0078768349/161752/00053416.html

BREATHING: http://www.footprints-science.co.uk/flash/Breathing.swf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0giiDDBJVQU

RESPIRATION AND HEALTH

EXERCISE REGULARLY

EAT A WELL BALANCED DIET

DRINK WATER REGULARLY

WASH YOUR HANDS REGULARLY

DO NOT SMOKE

AVOID PLACES WITH HIGH LEVELS OF AIR POLLUTION

TEACHER LETICIA