Posture analysis
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Transcript of Posture analysis
P R E S E N T E D B YM W A D Z I W A N A L O U I S L A W
POSTURE ANALYSIS
WHAT IS POSTURE ?
• Posture is a position of greatest efficiency, around your center of gravity, with muscles on all sides, exerting pull equally.
CORRECT POSTURE
Correct posture“Position in which minimum stress is
placed on each joint.” (Magee)Maintains the natural curves
Faulty postureAny position that increases stress on jointsCreate muscle imbalances, ligamentous
tension, circulatory occlusion
CAUSES OF POOR POSTURE
• Positional factors/Habitual• Appearance of increased height (social stigma)• Muscle imbalances/contractures• Pain e.g. ICD pleural effusion• Respiratory conditions
CAUSES OF POOR POSTURE
• Structural factors• Congenital anomalies• Developmental problems• Trauma• Disease
FACTORS AFFECTING POSTURAL ANALYSIS
• Subject must be minimally clothed• The subject must assume a comfortable and
relaxed posture• Subjects who use orthotic or assistive devices
should be assessed with and without them to determine their effectiveness in correcting posture.• relevant medical history and other information
THE SPINAL COLUMN
• Primary curves• Thoracic spine• Sacrum
• Secondary curves• Cervical spine• Lumbar spine
LATERAL VIEW
• Head and neck:• Plumb line: The line
falls through the ear lobe to the acromion process.
• Common faults include:• Forward head: • Flattened lordotic
cervical curve• Excessive Lordotic curve
LATERAL VIEW
Shoulder:• Plumb line: It falls
through the acromion process.
• Common faults include:• Forward shoulders• Lumbar Lordosis
LATERAL VIEW
• Thoracic vertebrae• Plumb line: The line
bisects the chest symmetrically.
• Common faults • Kyphosis• Pectus excavatum
(Funnel chest)• Barrel chest• Pectus cavinatum
(Pigeon chest)
LATERAL VIEW
• Lumbar vertebrae:• Plumb Line: The line
falls midway between the abdomen and back and slightly anterior to the sacroiliac Joint.
• Common faults include:• Lordosis• Sway back• Flat back
LATERAL VIEW
• Pelvis and hip: • Plumb Line: The line
falls slightly anterior to the sacroiliac joint and posterior to the hip joint, through the greater trochanter, creating an extension moment.
• Common faults include:• Anterior pelvic tilt• Posterior pelvic tilt
LATERAL VIEW
• Knee:• Plumb line: The line
passes slightly anterior to the midline of the knee, creating an extension moment.
• Common faults include:• Genu recurvatum• Flexed knee
LATERAL VIEW
• Ankle: • Plumb line: The line
lies slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus, aligned with tuberosity of 5th metatarsal.
• Common faults include:• Forward posture:
POSTERIOR VIEW
• Head and neck:• Plumb line: The midline bisects the head through
the external occipital protuberance; head is usually positioned squarely over the shoulders so that eyes remain level. • Common faults include:• Head tilt• Head rotated• Adducted scapulae• Abducted scapulae• Winging of the scapulae:
POSTERIOR VIEW
• Trunk• Plumb Line: The line bisects the spinous process
of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. • Common faults include:• Lateral deviation (Scoliosis)
POSTERIOR VIEW
• Pelvis and Hip:• Plumb line: The line bisects the gluteal cleft and
the posterior superior iliac spines are on the same horizontal plane; the iliac crests, gluteal folds and greater trochanters are level. • Common faults include:• Lateral pelvic tilt• Pelvic rotation• Abducted hip
POSTERIOR VIEW
• Knee• Plumb Line: The plumb line lies, equidistant
between the knees. • Common faults include:• Genu varum• Genu Valgum
POSTERIOR VIEW
• Ankle and Foot• Plumb line: The line is equidistant from the
malleoli, a line (Feiss’) is drawn from the medial malleolus to the first metatarsal bone and the tuberosity of the navicular bone lies on the line. • Common faults include: • Pes planus (Pronated)• Pes Cavus (supinated)
ANTERIOR VIEW
• Head and Neck:• Plumb Line: The line bisects the head at the midline into
equal halves. Common faults include:• Lateral Tilt• Rotation• Mandibular asymmetry
ANTERIOR VIEW
• Shoulders:• Plumb Line: A vertical line bisects the sternum
and xiphoid process. • It may be due to:• Dropped or elevated shoulder• Clavicle and joint asymmetry
ANTERIOR VIEW
• Elbows:• Common faults include:• Cubitus valgus: The forearm deviates laterally from the
arm at angle greater than 15° (female) and 10° (male). It may be due to: • Elbow hyperextension.• Distal displacement of trochlea in relation to capitulum of
humerus.• Stretched ulnar collateral ligament.
• Cubitus varus
ANTERIOR VIEW
• Hip• Plumb line: Common faults include:• Lateral rotation• Medial rotation
ANTERIOR VIEW
• Knee:• Plumb Line: The legs are equidistant from a
vertical line through the body. • Common Faults include:• External tibial torsion• Internal tibial torsion
ANTERIOR VIEW
• Ankle and Foot:• Plumb line: Common Faults include:• Hallux valgus:• Hammer toes
LATERAL VIEW
POSTERIOR VIEW
ANTERIOR VIEW
REFERENCES
• Lynn S. Lippert, Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy 2006• Chaplin, Lori, MS, Maloney, Ryan “Picture Perfect
Posture” IDEA Personal Trainer, Sept 2002
•THANK YOU