Post-Apartheid South Africa
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Transcript of Post-Apartheid South Africa
Post-Apartheid South Africa
Mr. HerneisenHRVHS2008-09
VocabularyApartheid – former policy in South Africa of separating people according to race.
Distribution – the way people or things are spread out over an area or space.
Multiracial – made up of people from several ethnic groups
Segregation – the separation of one group of people from another, such as by race.
• Apartheid• The former official South African policy of separating
people according to race. • Gave most political and economic power to whites
(Europeans).
How did this happen?Colonialism
1650s – Southern Africa colonized by Europeans looking for natural resources – oil, gold, copperAlso good land for farming
Dutch settlersAlso called Boers (farmers)Developed new language called Afrikaans
Afrikaans Language
English: I eat an apple.Afrikaans: Ek eet 'n appel.Dutch: Ik eet een appel.German: Ich esse einen Apfel.
Racial Mixing
Eventually, the Europeans and Africans married and had families
Their children were called “coloreds”1860s
Asians begin moving to South Africa to work on plantations
Major ethnic groups in South AfricaWhitesColoredsAsians
South Africa During ApartheidSouth Africa becomes independent nation in 1910
Whites were given complete power over government
Policy of segregation institutedWhites and nonwhites were separated
Neighborhoods, schools, beaches, parks, restaurants, etc.
Asians and Coloreds treated as second class citizens with restricted rights and opportunities
Denied jobs, good schools, health care
Nobody Treated Worse than BlacksForced to move to “homelands” and poor townships
Shacks with no electricity or water No health care
Minimal education No math or science taught
to blacks or coloreds
Not allowed to move around freely Worked in “White” cities,
but had to return to townships at night
Protests Lead to Political ChangeAfrican National Congress
Political party formed to fight for black rights
Nelson MandelaANC LawyerSent to prison for 27 years for protest activities (1962)
Violent protests – many protestors killed or put in prison
End of Apartheid
1991 – Apartheid ended by white president F.W. de Klerk
All South Africans can now vote and run for office
Mandela released from prison
Elected as President of South Africa
South Africa Today: JobsGovernment Programs for Jobs
Employment Equity Act (1998)
Law that requires fair pay and companies to hire from all races and genders
Backlash: Some whites resent jobs being given to nonwhites, simply because they aren’t white. Whites are now being denied jobs, just because they are white.
South Africa Today: EducationSchools now open to all ethnic groups
Same schools, same education
South Africa has emphasized preparing all citizens for good jobs
More nonwhites attending college
More education = better job opportunities
South Africa Today: Living Conditions
Cities becoming less segregatedMost “white cities” still too expensive for nonwhites
Improving housing conditions
Healthcare still limitedSouth Africa has highest number of HIV/AIDS victims in the world (5 million)2003 : 370,000 South Africans died of AIDSMost victims are working-age adults
Fewer workers = poorer economy