Planting Stock and Sources - Michigan State University
Transcript of Planting Stock and Sources - Michigan State University
Dr. R. Keith Striegler Outreach Coordinator, National Clean Plant Network (NCPN)
Planting Stock and Sources
Michigan Wine Grape Vineyard Establishment Conference
January 21-22, 2014
Acknowledgements
Foundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis
Sue Sim, NPCN Grapes Coordinator/Staff Research Associate
Deborah Golino, NCPN Grapes Chair/ Director
Olivia Dally, NCPN Outreach Support Staff/Program Representative
Jim Wolpert, Viticulture Extension Specialist Emeritus, UC Davis
Sunridge Nurseries
Steve Maniaci
Butch McKinley
Vintage Nurseries
Dave Haggmark
Dustin Hooper
Outline
• What is successful vineyard establishment
• Types of plant material available
• Sourcing of grapevine plant material
• Ensuring the availability of clean material: The National Clean Plant Network for Grapes
Components of Profitable
Viticulture in Michigan
• Proper site selection
• Proper cultivar selection (scion and rootstock) including use of clean plant material
• Correct establishment practices
Components of Profitable
Viticulture in Michigan
• Appropriate cultural practices (pruning, canopy management, pest management, etc.)
• The goal is to produce the greatest yield of high quality fruit for the lowest possible cost per ton
• Effective marketing
The focus of this presentation is
identifying sources of plant material
and the use of clean plant material
• Assumption that correct site and cultivar selection has occurred
• Use of poor quality vines will result in reduced yield, fruit composition, and wine quality. Also, can potentially increase vine mortality.
Producing a benchgraft • Harvest dormant rootstock and scion canes
• Disbud rootstock
• Graft scion and rootstock
Producing a benchgraft • Harvest dormant rootstock and scion canes
• Disbud rootstock
• Graft
• Callus
• Wax
Producing a benchgraft • Harvest dormant rootstock and scion canes
• Disbud rootstock
• Graft
• Callus
• Wax
• Pot up = Green growing benchgraft
Producing a benchgraft
• Harvest dormant rootstock and scion canes
• Disbud rootstock
• Graft
• Wax
• Grow in field for one season
• Harvest from field = dormant rooted benchgraft
Types of Plant Material Available
Dormant rooted cutting
Dormant cutting (budwood)
Field budding or grafting
Sourcing of Grapevine Plant
Material
• Ordering grapevine cuttings and plants from nurseries
– To ensure getting the desired cultivar rootstock and clone, you should place your order at least 18 months in advance of the projected delivery date
– Custom propagation versus speculation
– Only order virus tested vines
What does certified material mean?
• California (has certification program)
• New York (certification program pending)
• Washington (has certification program)
• Oregon (has regulations)
• No national standard at this time
• Virus tested to exclude pathogens of significant economic importance
What does certified material mean?
• Material came from a recognized clean plant center
• Inspected and tested to meet state certification standards
• Traceability
Sourcing of Grapevine Plant
Material
• State viticulture extension websites
– grapevine nursery list on grapes.msu.edu
• National Grape Registry
– ngr.ucdavis.edu
• Sugar reduced 1-4° Brix
• Color reduced
• Yield reduced
• Ripening delayed
• TA increased
• Graft incompatibility
• Disease severity depends on
variety, clone, rootstock, site,
year, leafroll type/strain
Effects of Grapevine leafroll virus
Healthy Emperor
LR infected ‘White’ Emperor
• A national network of clean plant centers, scientists, regulators and educators • Focused on providing healthy planting stock of vegetatively propagated specialty crops to nurseries and growers
What is the National Clean
Plant Network (NCPN)?
Participating Crops:
1. Fruit Trees
2. Grapes
3. Berries
4. Hops
5. Citrus
Others interested in joining
www.nationalcleanplantnetwork.org
NCPN Goals
• High quality (disease tested) plants for industry
• Coordinated outreach effort to nurseries/growers
on the benefits of clean plant material
• Sustained source of funding to university clean
plant centers (CPC) to develop foundation materials
• Standardized procedures and protocols for all CPCs
• Harmonized model regulations for state
certification programs
NCPN Grape Network Objectives
• Cooperation among clean plant centers
• Upgrade of centers’ facilities and equipment
• Shared standard operating procedures
• Implementation of new, rigorous standard for
foundation grapevine material
• Harmonization of grape regulations
Qualification of Russell Ranch
Foundation Vines – Grapevine
Disease Testing Protocol 2010
1. Microshoot tip tissue culture therapy
2. Negative test results - long list of pathogens
- index, herbaceous, ELISA and PCR tests
3. Rupestris stem pitting virus is on list
4. Agrobacterium vitis testing at Cornell
For Additional Information:
Eviticulture http://eviticulture.org
“Ordering grapevine cuttings and plants from nurseries” – Jim
Wolpert and Andy Walker
“Quality guidelines for grapevine nursery stock” – Jim Wolpert
and Andy Walker
“Common miscommunication problems between grape growers and nursery plant suppliers” – Jim Wolpert and Andy Walker
National Grape Registry http://ngr.ucdavis.edu
Integrated Viticulture http://iv.ucdavis.edu
NCPN www.nationalcleanplantnetwork.org