PLANT TAXONOMY.ppt
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Transcript of PLANT TAXONOMY.ppt
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PLANT TAXONOMY
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The Algae
• Many Algae live life as a
single cell, but some
are
•Multicellular like theseaweeds
• Members of Kingdom
Protista
• Primary producers of
aquatic ecosystems
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ALGAE
RHODOPHYTA - RED ALGAE
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ALGAE
CHLOROPHYTA - GREEN ALGAE
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Chlorophyta is a division of green algae, informally called chlorophytes. It is composed of a
highly paraphyletic group green algae within the green plants and also includes about 7,000
species of mostly aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. Like the land plants
(bryophytes and tracheophytes), green algae contain chlorophylls a and b, and store food as
starch in their plastids.
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Spirogyra
• Watersilk
• Float in masses at the
surface of quiet waters• Contain ribbon-shaped
chloroplasts
• Each chloroplast contains
a pyrenoid• Pyrenoids contain
enzymes for starch
synthesis
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ALGAE
PHAEOPHYTA- BROWN ALGAE
Kelps
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ALGAE – separate group protist
Bacillariophyta (diatoms)
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Diatoms
• Best known and economically
most important algae
– Cold and warm waters
– Fresh and marine
– Damp cliffs, sides of
buildings, bark of trees,
bare soil
• The cell resides inside a glass
box
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Euglena
• They live in fresh water
streams and ponds, and
are especially common
in warm seasons when
they may form a greenscum on the surfaces of
small ponds or drainage
ditches.
• Euglenas have spindle-
shaped bodies, and
range in size from
1/1000 to 1/100 of an
inch (0.025 to 0.254
millimeter) long.
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Volvox• Volvox is a colonial algae
•
It is a complete hollow ball of cells.• Note the smaller daughter colonies
that are beginning to form within the
parent body.
•
Each cell has 2 flagella which helps theentire colony swim.
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Examples of Mosses
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spore
s
Spore-producing capsule
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No true roots, No vascular tissues (no transport)
Characteristics of Mosses
Simple stems & leaves
Have rhizoids for anchorageSpores from capsules (wind-dispersal)
Damp terrestrial land
Simplest plants
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underground stem
root
A leaf (finely
divided into
small parts)
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roots, feathery leaves & underground stem
Characteristics of Ferns
have vascular tissues (transport &
support)
Damp & shady places
Spore-producing organ on the underside
of leaves (reproduction)
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needle-shaped leaves
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roots, woody stems
Characteristics of Gymnosperms
needle-shaped leaves
tall evergreen trees
cones with reproductivestructures
dry places
vascular tissues (transport)
naked seeds in female
cones
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2 groups
Monocotyledons Dicotyledons
Flowering
Plants
roots, stems, leaves
vascular tissues
(transport)flowers, fruits (contain seeds)
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Welwitschia mirabilis grows only in the deserts of Namibia and Angola. This strange species
has only two large strap-like leaves that grow continuously from the base throughout the
plant's life.
Gnetophyta
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Monocotyledons
Parallel veins
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one seed-leaf
Characteristics of Monocotyledons
. leaves have parallel veins
herbaceous plants
e.g. grass, maize
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Dicotyledons
Veins in network
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