Pioneer Life in the Young State
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Transcript of Pioneer Life in the Young State
![Page 1: Pioneer Life in the Young State](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56813524550346895d9c8bec/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Texas History Texas History Chapters 13 and 14Chapters 13 and 14
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Population Growth
Between the Battle of San Jacinto and annexation, the Texas population tripled.
Abandoned homes in the South would be marked with GTT, “Gone to Texas.”
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Population Growth
Settlers obtained land under the Homestead Act by living on the land.
Most Texas pioneers either farmed or raised livestock.
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Agriculture
Most Texans made their living in agriculture.
Most Mexican Americans in Texas worked as ranchers and farmers. They obtained land under Texas’ land policy.
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Agriculture
Getting into the cattle business was relatively easy because of the wild cattle herds.
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Agriculture
Crops sold to raise money are called cash crops.
Cotton was the leading cash crop.
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Agriculture
Crops used on the farm where they are raised are called subsistence crops.
Corn was the chief subsistence crop.
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Agriculture
City of Jefferson was the main outlet for cotton grown in Northeast Texas
Steamboats went from Jefferson to Louisiana.
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Transportation
Early travel was difficult.
Steamboats operated on major rivers and went to Houston on the Buffalo Bayou.
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Transportation
Some roads had been Native American trails.
Stagecoach was popular but expensive way to travel.
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Education
Houston was the only city during the time of the Republic to have a public school.
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New Jobs
The development of towns resulted in more jobs for people in various trades.
One of the 1st telegraph lines in Texas was built between Houston and Galveston.
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Slavery Continues
The development of plantations contributed to an increase in enslaved people.
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Slavery Continues
African Americans included 30% of the 1840s Texas population.
Brazoria County had one of the largest populations of enslaved people.
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Slavery Continues
The Whig political party strongly opposed slavery.
Racism is the belief that some races are superior and some are inferior.
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Free African Americans
Mary Madison wanted to live in Texas as a free person even though she was African American.
She filed a petition with the Texas Legislature to remain in Texas.
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Immigrants
The American Party wanted to restrict the rights of immigrants.
Most European immigrants to Texas came from Germany.
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Immigrants
New Braunfels was one of the largest towns establish by German immigrants in the 1840s.
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Immigrants
The immigration company, Adelsverien,brought Germans to Texas. They left Germany due to poverty, heavy taxes and political problems.
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Immigrants
The potato blight that struck Ireland in the 1840s also struck Germany.
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New Religions
The Texas Constitution of 1836 guaranteed freedom of religion. In 1853, the first Jewish services were held in Galveston.
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New State Government
Writing a constitution was one of the 1st actions in setting up the Texas state government.
Texas still had problems with debt.
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Native Americans
Texas still had problems with Native American raids.
The Texas reservation system for Native Americans never was successful.
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Native Americans
In 1989, Texans recognized the Kickapoos as a sovereign nation.
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Tejanos
Tejanos are Texans of Mexican descent.
Jose Antonio Navarro was a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence from Mexico.
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Problems with Mexico
Mexico still refused to recognize Texas as independent.
Mexico considered the Nueces River the southern border of Texas.
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Problems with Mexico
Mexico was insulted by Texas’ annexation by the United States.
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War with Mexico
Continued U.S. westward expansion led to conflict with Mexico.
John Slidell was sent to negotiate with the Mexican government over western lands and boundaries.
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War with Mexico
War was declared when troops clashed at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma.
U.S. forces were better equipped and better led than the Mexican forces.
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War with Mexico
Former Texas President Mirabeau Lamar was an officer in the U.S. Army.
Texas Rangers served as army scouts.
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War with Mexico
Zachary Taylor defeated a Mexican army led by Santa Anna at Buena Vista in February 1847.
General Winfield Scott captured Mexico City in September 1847.
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Guadalupe-Hidalgo
In the Treaty, Mexico surrendered, or ceded, all territory between Texas and the Pacific Ocean.
Mexican Cession
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Civil Rights
Juan Cortina was known as a protector of the rights of Mexicans and Tejanos.
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Good Luck on Your Test!