photographic techniques in dentistry
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Transcript of photographic techniques in dentistry
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Samadi , fatemeh
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Photographic Techniques:
there are a number of intimate details ofPhotographic technique which should bethoroughly
understood to allow optimum results from eachtype of camera. There are:
1. lens type and aperture
2. camera mounting
3. Lighting, film, and expsure
4. Background
5. Positioning of patients
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1-lens type and aperture
These factors are dependent upon the design
and limitation of the camera chosen by the
orthodontist for the technique he wants.
The objective should be alignment which
provides an anastigmat which provides an
aplanatic field, without stopping down the
diaphragm as required in a portrait lens.
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The suggested focal lengths vary from
Cooke 67/8
Gorez dagor 81/4
Anastigmat 12
Celor 191/2
The average is about 25 centimeters or 101/2
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The lens aperture demands are variable but
constant in that a fast lens is unnecessary
because the objects photographed are not
ordinarily in motion.
Spencer and Blaustein f6.3
Harding f 8
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2-camera mounting
Each man attempted to adapt the
photographic setup to his equipment, floor
space and inventive ingenuity.
The size and weight of most clinical, reflex or
stereo-cameras plus the necessity of absolute
stability during time exposure demand
maximum strength of support.
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The heavy tripod is most used.
Either wood or metal
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T-shaped shelf or angle wuerpel table
used
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Dunn= -old automobile flywheel as base
-pipe on center
-sliding telescope arm for camera
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Silverman: cast metal
lamp base, with tilt top
tripod head for bracket
Small aluminum baseserves to mount
camera . Whole unit
being placed either ontripod or bracket table.
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3-Lighting, film, and exposure
The lighting , film and exposure form a closely
related set of factors. The general quality of
lighting for optimum results is of controversial
nature.
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Poser and vogelson = diffused light is essential
for the curved surface of the face , to prevent
exaggerated bones , muscles and furrows.
Harding recommends 1000 watt lamps to
accentuate moulding of face.
Artificial light is preferable and more stable
than natural light for clinical photography.
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Lighting problem
Ordinary 500 watt bulb=cheaper
Cutler Lamp
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Photofloods or kodalites
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4- Background
Photographs are used for several purposes ,
and the positioning of the patient will be
decidedly different in an artistic before and
after album piece
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Photostatic reproduction
used for mesurements
and diagnosis.
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Head is held in uniform relation to the camera
by an orientation device
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Dental chair frequently serves to position the
parient.
Schwartz advocates use of bertillon chair.
He uses metal tube with legs attached to each
end. A metal sleeve , to which the camera and
lights are attached, fits over the tube and
slides along it.
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At one end a chin restholds the head of thepatient.
The camera is thenslid along the tube toa point satisfying thedemands of thesubject matter andscale of the picture.
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Failure in clinical photography is because o lack ofgood background.
For best picture, background must be uniform.
It must set off the object to best advantage, andit must not emphasize shadows cause by artificial
lighting. The closer patient is to background, the smaller
the shadow.
The closer light is to camera, the smaller theshadow of background.
Neutral light gray or cream color background is anideal choice.
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Reference
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Thank you