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M
ANNEXURE I
Semester wise breakup of Courses
in M.V.Sc. (Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology)
1st semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 601General Pharmacology2+02
2VPT 602Autonomic & Autacoid Pharmacology2+13
3VPT 604Digestive & Respiratory Pharmacology2+02
4VPT 605Cardiovascular & Renal Pharmacology2+02
5PGS 501
Noncredit compulsory coursesLibrary and information services0+1----
Total 9 credits
Major
9 credits
Minor & Supporting6 credits
2nd Semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 603CNC Pharmacology2+13
2VPT 607Chemotherapy2+13
3VPT 608Toxicology of Xenobiotics2+13
4VPT 612Ethenopharmacology2+02
5PGS 502
Noncredit compulsory coursesTechnical writing and communication skills0+1----
6PGS 503 (e course)Noncredit compulsory coursesIntelectual property and its management1+0
Total 11 credits
Major
11 credits
Minor & Supporting5 credits
3rd semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 606Endocrine & Reproductive Pharmacology2+02
2VPT 609Toxicology of Plants & Toxins2+12
3VPT 610Pharmacological techniques1+12
4VPT 611Techniques in Toxicology1+12
5VPT 691Masters seminar0+11
6VPT 699Master Research0+55
5PGS 506 (e course)Noncredit compulsory coursesDisaster management 1+0----
Total 14 credits
Major
14 credits
4th semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 699Master Research0+1515
Total 15 credits
Major
15 credits
MINOR SUBJECTS
1. Vet. Physiology
2. Vet. Biochemistry
3. Vet. Clinical Medicine
4. Vet. Ethics & Jurisprudence
5. Vet. Pathology
6. Animal Biotechnology
LECTURE SCHEDULE
VPT 601 General Pharmacology 2+0 = 2
Unit 1
1. Historical development
2. Scope of veterinary Pharmacology
3. Transport of drugs across biological membranes
4. Principles of drug absorption
5. Factors affecting absorption and transporters
6. Distribution of drugs
7. Factors affecting drug distribution- plasma protein binding, passage of drugs across placenta, blood brain barrier
8. Biotransformation of drugs- introduction, Phase I reaction
9. Biotransformation of drugs- introduction, Phase II reaction
10. Factors affecting drug metabolism, microsomal enzymes
11. drug excretion renal, hepatic and other ways
12. Bioavailabilty & bioequivalence
13. Species variation in action of drugs
Unit 2
14 Important pharmacokinetic parameters & calculations
15 Compartmental, non Compartmental analysis
16 Clinical significance of pharmacokinetics
Unit 3
17 Introduction to mechanism of actions
18 Dose response curves
19 Therapeutic index, Therapeutic ratio and its significance
20 Non-receptor mediated actions
21 Receptors types ion channels receptors
22 Receptors types G Protein coupled receptors
23 Nuclear receptors
24 Silent receptors, spare receptors
25 Kinase linked receptors
Unit 4
26 Quantitation of drug receptor interactions and its effects
27 Antagonism types
28 Competitive antagonism
29 Non competitive antagonism
30 Factors affecting drug response
31 ADRs
32 Recent advances
LECTURE SCHEDULE
VPT 602 Autonomic & Autacoid Pharmacology 2+1 = 3
Unit 1
1. Introduction to nervous system
2. Anatomical considerations of ANS
3. Physiological considerations of ANS
Unit 2
4 Neurohumoral transmission conduction and synthesis of nerve impulse
5 Storage, release and receptor events in NT
Unit 3
6 Synthesis, storage and catabolism of ACh
7 Cholinergic receptors- Muscarinic
8 Cholinergic receptors- Nicotinic
9 Cholinergic agonists
10 AchE inhibitors reversible
11 AchE inhibitors - irreversible
12 Cholinergic antagonists
Unit 4
13 Synthesis, storage, catabolism of NE
14 Adrenergic receptors , 15 Adrenergic antagonists neuron blockers
16 Adrenergic antagonists receptor blockers
17 Clinical uses of adrenergic and anti adrenergic drugs
Unit 5
18 Ganglionic stimulants
19 Ganglionic blockers
Unit 6
20 Histamine pathophysiology
21 Classification of histaminic receptors
22 Clinical uses of antihistaminic drugs
23 5HT physiological roles
24 Seratoninergic receptors and receptor activators / blockers
25 Kinins physiological roles
26 Drugs acting on kinins
27 Eicosanides PGs, leukotrines etc.
28 Platelet activating factors
29 Drugs modifying Eicosanides cascade NSAIDS
30 Recent advances
PRACTICALS
Animal experimentation models on intact & isolated preparations
Intact
1. Rat blood pressure
2. Effect of drugs on rabbit eye (pupil)
3. Guinea pig tracheal chain
4. Guinea pig illium
5. Rabbit jejunum
6. Rat uterus
7. Frog rectus abdominis muscle
8. isolated heart (Rabbit / guinea pig)
9. Demonstration of ECG
10. Effect of drugs on urine output
(Above experiments may be explained with the help of computerized simulated experimentations incase lab animals are not available)
LECTURE SCHEDULE
VPT 603 CNS Pharmacology 2+1 = 3
Unit 1
1. Anatomy of CNS
2. Physiological considerations
3. various neurotransmitters of CNS
4. Neurohumoral transmission in CNS
Unit 2
5 Introduction to general anesthesia and historical development
6 Theories of general anesthesia
7 Stages of general anesthesia
8 Classification of general anesthesia
9 Anesthetics for small animals
10 Anesthetics for large animals
Unit 3
11 Classification of drugs acting on CNS
12 Sedatives
13 Hypnotics
14 Neuroleptics
15 Antiepileptics
Unit 4
16 CNS stimulants drugs acting on cortex
17 Medullary and Sp. Cord stimulants
18 Opoid receptors
19 Opioid agonists and antagonists
20 -2 receptors agonists & antagonists
21 NSAIDS
22 Central muscle relaxants
23 Curarizing agents
24 Noncurarizing and other muscle relaxants
25 Local anesthetics
26 Therapeutic gases role of NO227 Oxygen, CO228 Euthanizing agents
29 Doping
30 Recent advances
PRACTICALS
1. Induction of anesthesia in lab animals
2. Screening of analgesic activity
3. Screening of CNS depressants
4. Screening of CNS stimulants
5. Screening of muscle relaxants
6. Screening of anti-inflammatory activity
7. Screening of antipyretic activity
8. Potentiation of anesthesia by premedicants
9. Screening of anticonvulsant activity
10. Induction of local anesthesia in small animals
LECTURE SCHEDULE
VPT 604 Digestive and Respiratory Pharmacology 2+ 0 = 2
Unit 1
1. Anatomical considerations of GIT in different spp.
2. Physiological considerations of GIT
3. Appetite stimulants sialics
4. Antisialics
5. Emetics
6. Antiemetics
Unit 2
7 Modulation of gastric and intestinal motility
8 Ant ulcer drugs prokinetics
9 Gastric sedatives
Unit 3
10 Laxatives and cathartics
11 Classification and mechanism of actions of cathartics
12 Classification and mechanism of actions of cathartics
13 GI protectants and adsorbents
14 Opoid and other agents used in diarrhea
Unit 4
15 Agents promoting digestive functions- Enzymes
16 Hepatoprotectants
17 Rumen physiology
18 Rumen dysfunctions
19 Pharmacology of drugs acting on rumen
20 Recent developments in rumen Pharmacology
Unit 5
21 Bronchoconstrictors
22 Pathogenesis of inflammatory respiratory diseases
Unit 6
23 Bronchodilators
24 Antitussives
25 Mucolytics
26 Expectorants
27 Decongestants
Unit 7
28 Management of asthma
29 Recent advances
LECTURE SCHEDULE
VPT 605 Cardiovascular and Renal Pharmacology 2+ 0 = 2
Unit 1
1 Path physiology of CHF
2 History and classification an sources of cardiac glycosides
3 Mechanism of action & kinetics of cardiac glycosides
4 Digitalization and supportive therapy of CHF
Unit 2
5 Cardiac action potentials and path physiology of arrhythmia
6 Classification of antiarrythmic drugs
7 Class I, II antiarrythmic drugs
8 Class III, IV antiarrythmic drugs
9 Potassium channel regulators
10 Path physiology of hypertension
11 Classification and mechanism of action of important antihypertensive drugs
12 Management of hypertension
13 Antihyperlipidemic drugs I
14 Antihyperlipidemic drugs II
Unit 3
15 Drugs affecting vasomotor and cardio respiratory reflex mechanisms
16 Hemopoitic system antianemic drugs
Unit 4
17 Coagulants
18 Anticoagulants
19 Thrombolytic agents
Unit 5
20 Diuretics classification
21 Diuretics continued
22 Clinical uses of diuretics
23 Body fluid compartments and electrolyte balance
Unit 6
24 Concept of Osmolality and Osmolarity
25 Different types of electrolyte fluids
26 Fluid requirement in dehydration
27 Plasma volume expanders
28 Antidiuretics
29 Uricosuric agents
30 Recent advances
LECTURE SCHEDULE
VPT 606 Endocrine and Reproductive Pharmacology 2+ 0 = 2
Unit 1
1 Hormones & Their analogues regulating pituitary functions I
2 Hormones & Their analogues regulating pituitary functions II
3 Thyroid hormone functions clinical uses
4 Antithyroid drugs
5 Adrinocorticoids Natural
6 Adrinocorticoids synthetic
7 Adrinocorticoids - synthetic
8 Hypoglycemic agents
9 Insulin
10 Management of diabetes
Unit 2
11 Roles of calcium and phosphorus
12 Calcium Phosphorus homeostasis
13 Various Calcium & Phosphorus supplements used in veterinary practice
Unit 3
14 Androgens
15 Antiandrogens
16 Drugs affecting libido
Unit 4
17 Oestrogenic drugs
18 Antioestrogenic drugs
19 Drugs used in synchronization of oestrus
20 Drugs used in misalliance and for inducing abortions
21 Galactogogues
22 Lactation suppressants
23 Drugs used for maintaining pregnancy
24 Drugs used for retained placenta
Unit 5
25 Oxytocic agents
26 Tocolytic agents
27 Recent advances
LECTURE SCHEDULE
VPT 607 Chemotherapy 2+1 = 3
Unit 1
1 General considerations
2 Principles of chemotherapy
3 Classification of chemotherapeutic agents I
4 Classification of chemotherapeutic agents II
5 Microbial resistance I
6 Microbial resistance II
7 Antimicrobial combinations
Unit 2
8 Sulfonamides
9 Potentiated sulfonamides
10 Nitrofurans, sulfones
11 Quinolones
Unit 3
12 Penicillins
13 Semisynthetic penicillins
14 Cephalosporins
Unit 4 Broadspectrum Antibiotics
15 Chramphenicol florphenicol
16 Tetracyclines
17 Macrolids
18 Polypeptide antibiotics
19 Polymixins
Unit 5
20 Aminoglycosides
21 Other antibiotics
Unit 6
22 Pharmacology of hemoprotozoan diseases
23 Pharmacology of entero protozoan diseases
24 Coccidiostats I and II
25 Anthelmintics classification and mechanism of action
26 Antinematodal drugs
27 Anticestodal and antitrematodal drugs
28 Ectoparasiticides IGR, IDL
Unit 7
29 Antifungal drugs
30 Antiviral drugs
31 Antineoplastic drugs
32 Antitubercular drugs
PRACTICALS
1. General methods of assay of antibacterials
2. General methods of assay of sulfonamides
3. General methods of assay of OTC
4. General methods of assay of penicillins
5. General methods of assay of Trimethoprimes
6. General methods of assay of Nitrofurans
7. Antibiotic sensitivity test
LECTURE SCHEDULE
VPT 608 Toxicology of Xenobiotics 2+1 = 3
Unit 1
1 History of Toxicology
2 Scope of toxicology
3 Sources of Poisoning and classification
4 Classification of poisons
5 Types of toxicities
Unit 2
6 General mode of action of poisons
7 Portals of entry of poisons and absorption of poisons
8 Distribution of poisons
9 Metabolism of poisons
10 Excretion of poisons
11 Factors affecting toxicity
12 Diagnosis of poisoning
13 Principles of treatment of poisoning
Unit 3
14 Toxicology of metals Alluminium, Antimony, Arsenic,
15 Toxicology of metals Bismuth, cadmium, Chromium,
16 Toxicology of metals cobalt, copper,
17 Toxicology of metals lead, Manganese, mercury,
18 Toxicology of metals molebdinum, Nickel, Selenium,
19 Toxicology of metals Zinc, Silver, Tin, Thallium
20 Toxicology of agrochemicals organochlorines
21 Toxicology of agrochemicals Organic phosphate compounds
22 Toxicology of agrochemicals carbamates, pyrethrides
23 Toxicology of agrochemicals herbicides
24 Toxicology of agrochemicals rodenticides
25 Toxicology of solvents and vapors
26 Toxicology of feed additives
Unit 4
27 Toxic effects of radiation and radioactive chemicals
28 Introduction to genetic and developmental toxicology
29 Forensic toxicology
30 Regulatory toxicology
PRACTICALS
1 Demonstration of toxicity and its antidotal treatment in lab animals
2 Acute toxicity
3 Sub acute toxicity
4 Chronic toxicity
5 Immunotoxicity
6 Genotoxicity testing
7 Eee irritation test
8 Dermal toxicity study
9 Extraction, separation and detection of common poisons in toxicological specimens
10 Spot test for detection of heavy metal
LECTURE SCHEDULE
COURSE TITLE:-TOXICOLOGY OF PLANTS AND TOXINS
COURSE NO.:-VPT 609 CREDIT :-( 2+0)
Unit 1
1. Introduction to plant toxicology, Toxins, Venoms, Mycotoxins, Mycotoxins, Bacterial toxins and Phytotoxins.
2. Classification and identification of Chemical constituents of poisonous plants. (alkaloids, glycosides, phytoagglutinins, phenol)
3. Phytotoxins their sources and effects.
4. Phytotoxins their sources and effects---- contd..
5. Phytotoxins their sources and effects.
6. Classification of toxins (Phytotoxins, Microbial toxins)
7. Study of toxicity of plants containing cyanide.
8. Study of toxicity of plants containing cyanide.
9. Study of nitrates/nitrites containing plants and their toxic effect.
10. Study of plants containing oxalates and their toxic effect.
11. Study of plants containing lectins and cardiac glycosides-I.
12. Study of plants containing lectins and cardiac glycosides-II
Unit 2
13. Study of plants producing lathyrism.
14. Thiamine deficiency, toxicity of plants.
15. Photosensitization and toxicity of plants causing photosensitization-I.
16. Photosensitization and toxicity of plants causing photosensitization-II
Unit 3
17. Study of Mycotoxins Aflatoxins and Rubratoxins.
18. Study of Mycotoxins Ochratoxin, Trichothecores.
19. Study of Mycotoxins- Tremorgons and ergot.
Unit 4
20. Study of Snake venoms and their toxic effects.
21. Study of Snake venoms and their toxic effects.
22. Study of Scorpion bite and their toxic effects.
23. Study of spider bite and their toxic effects.
24. Study of different insect bites and their toxic effect (bees, wasps, hornets etc).
25. Study of Toad toxins.
26. Classification and character of bacterial toxins- Endotoxins and Exotoxins.
27. Classification and character of bacterial toxins- Endotoxins and Exotoxins.
28. Toxicity caused by tetanus spasmins.
29. Study of Botulism.
30. Recent advances
COURSE TITLE:-PHARMACOLOGICAL TECHNIQUINES
COURSE NO.:-VPT-610
CREDIT :-( 1+1)
Unit 1
1. Principles of drug action.
2. Bioassay. Types of bioassay, bioassay techniques
3. Bioassay. Types of bioassay, bioassay techniques
4. Study of dose response relationship (guinea pig ileum).
5. Study of dose response relationship (spinal cat).
6. Demonstration of Suprmaximal effect by cumulative dose response study.
Unit 2
7. Study on isolated guineas pig ileum.
8. Study on isolated rat uterus.
9. Study on isolated frog rectus abdominis preparation.
10. Study on intact frog heart perfusion.
11. Recording of blood pressure in anesthetized rats.
12. Recording blood pressure in dog.
Unit 3
13. Organization of screening Programme of drugs (general screening procedure).
14. Multidimensional screening procedure.
15. Multidimensional screening procedure.
16. Gross observational methods in screening procedures
PRACTICAL
COURSE TITLE:-PHARMACOLOGICAL TECHNIQUINES
COURSE NO.:-VPT-610
CREDIT :-( 1+1)
1. Setting up of an isolated tissue preparation and an intact preparation.
2. Recording of blood pressure in Dog/Rat (Studies on intact preparation).
3. Recording of ECG in Rats.
4. Demonstration the potentiation of Epinephrine pressor response by Ephedrine.
5. Demonstrate specificity of antagonisms.
6. Demonstrate phenomenon of Tachyphylaxis.
7. Study dose response relationship.
8. Calculation of EC50, potency ratio, PDv, PDx and PD values.
9. Screening of Hypnotic activity.
10. Study of analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity in laboratory animals.
11. Study of general and local anesthesia in experimental animals.
12. Study anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effect of drugs in rats/mice.
13. Study of antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive action of test compound.
14. Study of antihyperglycemic and Anticholesterimic activity.
15. Calculate ED50 of LD50 of a given drug.
16. Bioassay techniques.
Above experiments may be explained with the help of computerized simulated experimentation in case lab animal facilities are not available
THEORY
COURSE TITLE:- TECHNIQUES IN TOXICOLOGY
COURSE NO.:-VPT-611
CREDIT :-( 1+1)
Unit 1
1. Study of animals models for toxicological studies.
2. Study of animals models for toxicological studies.
Unit 2
3. Study animal toxicity tests for acute, sub acute and chronic toxicity.
4. Study animal toxicity tests for acute, sub acute and chronic toxicity.
Unit 3
5. Study specific toxicity test for Neurotoxicity.
6. Study specific toxicity test for Immunotoxicity
7. Study specific toxicity test for Developmental toxicity.
8. Study specific toxicity test for Behavioral toxicity.
9. Study specific toxicity test for Mutagencity.
10. Study specific toxicity test for Reproductive toxicity.
11. Study specific toxicity test for Inhalation toxicity.
12. Study specific toxicity test for Carcinogenicity- preliminary Carcinogenicity, full scale Carcinogenicity.
Unit 4
13. Study animal toxicological tests for study metabolism.
14. Animal toxicological tests for synergism.
15. Animal toxicological tests for study of antagonisms.
16. Recent advances
PRACTICAL
COURSE TITLE: - TECHNIQUES IN TOXICOLOGY
COURSE NO.:-VPT-611
CREDIT :-( 1+1)
1. Study test for acute toxicity.
2. Study test for sub-acute toxicity
3. Study test for chronic toxicity
4. Protocol for specific toxicity test
5. Protocol for specific toxicity test
6. Protocol for specific toxicity test
7. Marker enzyme assay
8. Analysis of toxicant residues in biological materials
9. Analysis of toxicant residues in biological materials
10. Analysis of toxicant residues in biological materials
COURSE TITLE: - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
COURSE NO.:-VPT-612
CREDIT :-( 2+0)
Unit 1
1. Introduction & historical aspects of traditional Indian remedies in disease cure.
2. Historical aspects of regional folk fare in disease cure.
Unit 2
3. Classification of medicinal plants on chemical basis.
4. Identification different tests for analysis of medicinal plants.
5. Phytopharmaceuticals chemical constituents of medicinal plants.
6. Extraction of medicinal plants different types of herbal extracts.
7. Extraction of medicinal plants solvents or agents used for extraction.
8. Different process of extraction.
9. Distillation/ evaporation and other processes used in purification.
10. Different processes used in purification and preparation of active constituent from medicinal plants.
Unit 3
11. Standardization different methods of standardization of bioactive from vegetable sources.
12. Clinical validation of bioactive molecules from vegetable source - animal species, disease model.
13. Test assay-whole animal, isolated organ and tissue, blood and its components, ex-vivo and tissue culture cells and subcellular constituents.
14. Clinical validation- acute toxicity test, long term toxicity tests, local toxicity tests.
15. Therapeutic effects of potential herbal drugs.
16. Adverse effects of potential herbal drugs.
17. Indigenous drugs used as carminatives agents.
18. Indigenous drugs used as antiseptics or bacteriostatic agents.
19. Indigenous drugs used as antimicrobial agents.
20. Indigenous drugs used as analgesics agents.
21. Indigenous drugs used as anti-inflammatory agents.
Unit 4
22. Alternate systems of medicine in animals.
23. Alternate systems of medicine in animals.
24. Alternate systems of medicine in animals.
25. Recent advances in herbal drugs
MASTER SEMINAR
VPT 691 0+1
MASTER RESEARCH
VPT 699 20
ANNEXURE iI
Semester wise breakup of Courses
in Ph.D. (Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology)
for regular candidates
SemesterMajor credit loadMinor credit loadTotal credit load
(19)(11)
1st7613
2nd6+1512
3rd6+107
Total 32
4th 45 credits
5th
6th
Course work
32 credits (21 major + 11 Minor)
Research
45 credits (45)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 77 credits
Semester IV, V and VI Research work
Semester wise breakup of Courses
in Ph.D. (Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology)
for in service candidates
SemesterMajor credit loadMinor credit loadTotal credit load
(19)(11)
1st549
2nd538
3rd5 + 1 credit seminar49 + 1 seminar
4th 4 + 1 credit seminar04 + 1 seminar
Total 32
Course work
32 credits (21 major + 11 Minor)
Research
45 credits (45)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 77 credits
Semester V, VI, VII and VIII - Research work
Semester wise breakup of Courses
in Ph.D. (Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology)
for regular candidates
1st semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 703Pharmacology of Herbal drugs2+13
2VPT 705Molecular Pharmacology2+02
3VPT 709Molecular Toxicology2+02
Total 7 credits
2nd Semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 710Clinical Pharmacology1+12
2VPT 711Clinical Toxicology2+13
3VPT 791Doctoral Seminar I0+11
Total 5 + 1 credit seminar
3rd semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitleCreditsTotal credits
1VPT 713Regulatory Toxicology2+13
2VPT 790Special Problem0+22
3VPT 792Doctoral Seminar II0+11
Total 5 + 1 credit seminar
Semester wise breakup of Courses
in Ph.D. (Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology)
for in service candidates
1st semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 703Pharmacology of Herbal drugs2+13
2VPT 705Molecular Pharmacology2+02
Total 5 credits
2nd Semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 709Molecular Toxicology2+02
2VPT 711Clinical Toxicology2+13
Total 5 credit
3rd semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitleCreditsTotal credits
1VPT 710Clinical Pharmacology1+12
2VPT 790Special Problem0+22
3VPT 791Doctoral Seminar I0+11
Total 4 + 1 credit seminar
4th semester
Sr. No.Course NoTitlecreditsTotal credits
1VPT 713Regulatory Toxicology2+13
3VPT 792Doctoral Seminar II0+11
Total 3 + 1 credit seminar
LECTURE SCHEDULES FOR Ph.D. IN VETERINARY PHRMACOLOGY
AND TOXICOLOGY
VPT- 701 ADVANCES IN PHARMACODYNAMICS 2+0=2
Theory
UNIT- I
1 Introduction to principles of mechanism of action of drugs
2 Drug action with regard to receptors, ion channel, enzymes &
Transporters
3 .continued..
4 Definition of receptors and their classification and drug effects
5 Molecular structure of receptors. Receptor regulation
6 Receptor for physiological regulatory molecules.nature of receptors and subtype
UNIT- II
7 G-protein coupled receptors
8 Ligand gated ion channels, voltage gated ion channels
9 Tyrosin kinase linked receptors
10 Receptor regulating gene expression
11 Enzyme linked receptors
12 Functions of receptors
UNIT-III
13 Ligand binding study of receptors
14 Introduction to signal transduction
15 Receptors linked to ion channel
16 Control of receptor expression
17 Receptors and disease
UNIT-IV
18 G-protein and their role
19 Cytoplasmic second messengers
20 Major effector pathways of G- protein coupled receptors
21 Phospholipases as effector pathways through which GPCR functions
22 Phosphokinases as -------------------------- do ---------------------------------
23 Intracellular calcium as -------------------------- do ---------------------------------
24 Protein kinase C as -------------------------- do --------------------------
25 Diacylglycerol and IP3 -------------------------- do -----------------------
26 Cyclic nucleotides as -------------------------- do --------------------------
UNIT- V
27 Signal transduction through protein tyrosin kinases
28 Receptors as pharmaceutical targets
29 Non receptor mediated drug action
30 Recent concepts and advances in receptors.
VPT-702 AUTACOID PHARMACOLOGY 1+0=1
Theory
UNIT I
1 Introduction to autacoid pharmacology
2 Histamine- synthesis , storage and destruction3 Pharmacological action of histamine ( Histamine receptors )4 Pathophysiological role of histamine5 Antihistamines- classification along with examples and its pharmacology6 ..do.. UNIT II
7 Pharmacodynamics of serotonin and its antagonists- synthesis , chemistry
and pharmacological actions.8 Eicosanoids, Bradykinin ,angiostensin, rennin-angiostensin system
9 Kallikrein and other kinins.
10 Prostaglandin, pathophysiology of inflammation.
11 Leucotriene and antileucotriene.
UNIT III
12 Platelate activating factof (PAF)- chemistry, biosynthesis, pharmacology ,
physiological role and its antagonists.
13 Slow reacting substance of anaphylaxisUNIT IV
14 Putative neurohumoral transmitters
15 Purine nucleotides, peptides16 Amino acid and nitric oxide.
17 Recent developments and advances in autacoids by referring selected
research articles from journals.
VPT-703 PHARMACOLOGY OF HERBAL DRUGS 2+1=3
Theory
UNIT I
1. Historical aspects of medicinal plants
2. Ancient literature on medical plants/herbs
3. Phytochemical constituents of important medicinal plants ,their definition and classification
4. Useful medicinal plants bioactive molecules used in therapeutics
UNIT II
5. Important bioactive molecules from medicinal plants
6. Identification , collections and preservations of medicinal plants
with pharmacologically active biomolecules
7. Isolation of pharmacologically active biomolecules with solvant
extraction and other procedures.
8. Screening procedure adopted for isolation of different fractions
from medicinal plants.
9. Procedures adopted for chemical identification of bioactive mol.
10. Clinical validation of bioactive molecule from medicinal plants/herbs
UNIT III
11. Characterization of pharmacological effects of potential herbal drug/
molecule.
12. Therapeutic utility of pharmacologically active molecule.
13. Toxicological studies of pharmacologically active fraction
UNIT IV
14. Strategies to be adopted for development of new herbal drug
15. Recent knowledge on biologically active molecule from latest
research literature.
Practicals
1. Extraction and isolation of plant material for separation of different phytochemicals by following different extraction procedures.
2. Methods of purification of biologically active fraction by TLC and HPLC
3. Pharmacological screening of isolated active molecules on following
a. Studies on intact lab animals
b. Studies on isolated tissues like heart, ilium, jejunum, rat uterus
rat fundus, atria etc.
c. Toxicity studies in lab. animals. LD50, short term toxicity studies
etc.
VPT-704 DRUG METABOLISM 2+0=2
Theory
UNIT I
1 Introduction to metabolism of drugs
2 Sites of biotransformation
3 Mechanism and process of drug metabolism
UNIT II
4 Synthetic pathways of drug metabolism with examples
5 ----------------- do ----------------------------
6 Non synthetic pathways of drug metabolism with examples
7 ----------------- do ----------------------------
UNIT III
8 Factors affecting drug biotransformation
9 Chemical and biological factors affecting drug biotransformation
10 Genetic and environmental factors affecting drug biotransformation
11 Species variation affecting biotransformation
UNIT IV
12 Hepatic microsomal enzyme system in biotransformation
13 Non microsomal enzyme system in biotransformation
14 P-450 micro oxygenase enzyme system
15 --------------do ------------------
16 Genetic polymorphism in metabolism of drugs.
UNIT V
17 Microsomal enzyme induction
18 Inhibition of drug metabolism
19 Consequences of microsomal enzyme induction
20 Metabolic drug interaction
VPT 705 MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY 2+0=2
Theory
UNIT I
1. Physicochemical properties of drugs
2. ..do..
3. Drug protein binding
4. Force involved in binding of drugs to receptors
UNIT II
5. Conformation and configuration of receptor
6. .do.
7. Structure activity relationship of receptor with examples
8. do
9. Application of structure activity relationship in new drug development
UNIT III
10. Theories of drug receptors interactions
11. ..do.
12. Dose response relationship analysis
13. Molecular mechanism of drug actions
14. ..do.
15. Specificity and selectivity of drug molecule to receptor
UNIT IV
16. Methods of identification of receptors
17. .do
18. Method of isolation of receptors
19. Characterization of receptors
20. Recent concepts and development in molecular pharmacology
VPT-706 PHARMACOKINETICS 2+1=3
Theory
UNIT 1
1. Routes of drug administration in animals.
2. Concepts of drug delivery system and its importance.
3. Absorption and distribution of drugs.
4. Biotransformation of drugs.
5. Elimination of drug.
6. Factors modifying drug delivery
UNIT II
7. Pharmacokinetics and its parameters.
8. Kinetics following single and multiple doses.
9. Different compartmental model in Pharmacokinetics studies.
10. Volume of distribution ,protein binding and drug distribution in pharmacokinetics.
11. Bioavailability factors and its clinical application.
12. ....do
UNIT III
13. Drug distribution and elimination.
14. Absorption and elimination half life.
15. Rate of transfer of drugs in different compartments.
16. Prolongation of drug action by different methods
UNIT 1V
17. Elimination kinetics (renal clearance, first order kinetics,zero order kinetic,plasma half life)
18. ..do..
19. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic model.
UNIT V
20. Application of pharmacokinetic principle in therapeutics.
21. do.
22. Recent concepts and developments in pharmacokinetics
Practicals(706)
1. Determination of different pharmacokinetics parameters
2. ..do
3. Analysis of pharmacokinetics data
4. do
5. Bioavailability of drugs in normal subjects
6. ..do.
7. Bioavailability of drugs pharmacokinetics in diseased animals.
8. .do
VPT-707 PHARMACOGENOMICS
2+0=2
Theory
Unit 1
1. Introduction basic concepts, structure and functions of genes
2. Transcription, protein synthesis, stop codons, alleles
3. species / breed variation in drug response
4. increased and decreased response to drug effects
5. increased and decreased response to drug toxicities
6. Novel drug effects
Unit 2
1 Genetic polymorphism introduction, SNP
2 Canine and feline polymorphism
3 Types of genetic polymorphism with examples
4 Polymorphism in P 450
5 Polymorphism in G6 PD
6 Polymorphism in transporters
7 Clinical relevance of genetic polymorphism
8 Role of genes in multidrug resistance
Unit 3
13 Clinical situations requiring gene therapy personalized medicines
14 Gene transfer technology viral vectors
15 Gene transfer technology natural delivery strategies
Unit 4
16 Inherited diseases gene and drug therapy I
17 Inherited diseases gene and drug therapy II (asthma, schizophrenia, obesity)
18 Pharmacogenomics of cancer treatment
19 Genetic repair and inactivation strategies apoptasis I
20 Genetic repair and inactivation strategies apoptasis II
Unit 5
21 Gene libraries
22 Role of bioinformatics in pharmacogenomics I
23 Role of bioinformatics in pharmacogenomics II
24 Development of pharmacogenomics for application in animals
VPT-708 PHARMACOGENOMICS
2+0=2
Theory
Unit 1
1. General principles of immune response
2. Innate and adoptive immunity and their components,
3. Chemical mediators of immune system.
Unit 2
4. Pharmacological control of immune response (corticosteroids, Tacrolimus, cyclosporines, cyclophosphamides, Dapsone etc.).
5. Mechanism of immunostimulation and immunosupression, tolerogens
6. Hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, immune mediated diseases
7. Immunostimulants Levamisole
Unit 3
8. Interrelation of nervous system, endocrine system and immune system
9. immunotoxic effects of environmental and other pollutants.
Unit 4
10. Xenobiotic induced immuno dysfunctions.
11. Immune deficiencies
12. Auto immune reactions
13. Therapeutic applications of immuno-regulant in asthma, arthritis.
14. Therapeutic applications of immuno-regulant in cancer.
15. Therapeutic applications of immuno-regulant in dermatology and organ transplant
VPT-709 Molecular Toxicology
2+0=2
Theory
Unit 1
1. Introduction to molecular toxicology
2. Cellular, subcellular and molecular toxicities
3. Mechanism of facilating and opposing distribution to target
4. Mechanism of toxicities
Unit 25. Factors affecting toxicities
6. Interaction of toxicants with target molecules (covalent /noncovalant bindings), enzyme reactions etc.
7. effects of toxicants on targets
Unit 3.
8. Toxic cell death Vs apoptosis
9. Normal repair mechanism for proteins, lipid DNA
10. Necrosis, fibrosis, carcinogenesis
11. Toxin induced dysregulation of gene expression and cellular activity
Unit 4.
12. Target organ directed toxicological effects (blood, liver, immune system,
13. Target organ directed toxicological effects (Kidney, respiratory system, Nervous system,.
14. Target organ directed toxicological effects (Ocular, olfactory system,.
15. Target organ directed toxicological effects (Cardiovascular system,.
16. Target organ directed toxicological effects (Skin).
17. Target organ directed toxicological effects (reproductive system),.
18. Target organ directed toxicological effects (endocrine system.).
19. Detoxification
20. Risk assessment of xenobiotics
Unit 4.
21. Chemical mutagens
22. Chemical Carcinogens
23. Chemical Teratogens
24. Radiation toxicity
25. Recent advances in molecular toxicology
VPT-710 Clinical Pharmacology
1+1=2
Theory
Unit 1
1. Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology
2. Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology : special features
3. Scope of clinical Pharmacology.
Unit I1
4. High throughput screening
5. Drug discovery --- Preclinical Pharmacological testing
6. Drug discovery --- Preclinical Toxicological testing
7. Phases of clinical trials
8. Post marketing surveillance and post marketing studies
9. Pharmacovigilance
10. Pharmacoepidemiology
11. Pharmacoeconomics.
Unit II1
12. Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics relationship and its applications
13. Drug interactions
14. ADR types
Unit IV
15. TDM
16. Drug regulations, rules and acts
VPT-710 Clinical Pharmacology
1+1=2
Practical
1. Plasma drugs levels in disease conditions
2. Pharmacokinetics in diseased animals
3. Doses adjustments in hepatic dysfunctions
4. Doses adjustments in kidney dysfunctions
5. Doses adjustments in neonates
6. Doses adjustments in pregnancy
7. Various protocols in clinical trials
VPT-711 Clinical Toxicology
2+1=3
Theory
Unit 1
1. Scope of clinical toxicology
2. Investigations / diagnosis of toxicities
3. Management of poisoning I clinical aspect pet and farm animals
4. Management of poisoning II Regulatory and forensic aspect
5. Prognostic indicators
Unit I1
6. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of target organ toxicity integrated approach
7. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of target organ toxicity integrated approach
8. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of target organ toxicity integrated approach
9. Antidotal mechanism
Unit II1
10. Clinical Toxicology of heavy metals and minerals Arsenic,
11. Clinical Toxicology of heavy metals and minerals Lead,
12. Clinical Toxicology of heavy metals and minerals Copper
13. Clinical Toxicology of heavy metals and minerals Fluorine
14. Clinical Toxicology of heavy metals and minerals Selenium.
15. Clinical Toxicology of heavy metals and minerals Cadmium,.
16. Clinical Toxicology of heavy metals and minerals Mercury, Phosphorus.
17. Biomarkers of various heavy metal toxicities
18. Classification of pesticides, molecular mechanism of toxicities
19. Organophosphate, Organochlorine, Carbamate
20. Rodenticides, herbicides.
21. Animal poisons
22. Venoms- therapeutic management of bite and stings
23. Bacterial toxins and the their treatment of poisoning
24. Mycotoxins their effect on livestock, prevention and treatment
25. Toxic effect of solvents, vapors and their clinical management
26. Drug toxicities and their treatment
27. Feed additives : Toxicity and treatment
Unit IV28. Role of veterinary an forensic sciences
29. Aid of forensic and analytical toxicology in clinical diagnosis
30. Recent advances in clinical toxicology
VPT-711 Clinical Toxicology
2+1=3
Practicals
1. Induction of poisoning and antidotal treatment in lab animals.
2. Botanical and Zoological biomarkets of toxicities
3. Visit to GLP laboratory
4. Analysis of poison in biological samples and various spot tests
Lecture Schedule
VPT 712 ECOTOXICOLOGY 2+0=2
Unit I
1) Introduction to Ecotoxicology , Role of Veterinarians in ecotoxicology
2) Ecotoxicology and Animal Health
3) Sources of environmental pollutants
4) Effect of pollutants on eco health
Unit II
5) Air pollution history
6 )Indoor and outdoor sources of air pollution
7) Short term and long term effects of air pollution
8) Study of common air pollutants ( Industrial /agrochemical/ photochemical) I
9) Study of common air pollutants ( Industrial /agrochemical/ photochemical) II
10) Sources of water pollution
11) Chemical transportation between air water soil phases
12) Study of common water contaminants
13) Sources of soil contamination
14) Soil fauna and its role in eco system
15) Effects of various chemicals on soil parameters
16) Study of common soil contaminants
17) Fate of chemicals in environment and target species
Unit III
18) Terrestrial and aquatic ecotoxicology
19) Marine fauna as the biomarker of environmental toxicity
20) Wild life as the monitor of environmental qulity
Unit IV
21) Measures for reducing air pollution
22) Water treatments for purification cost benefit ratio
23) Safe chemical disposal Rules, regulations
24) Measure of pollution level
VPT 713
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY 2+1
Unit I
1) Introduction to subject Role of veterinarian in regulatory toxicology
2) Toxicological risk assessment program principles
3) Interrelation between regulatory, mechnistic and descriptive toxicology
4) Different guidelines OECD, EPA, Indian pesticide Board ,Y schedule
5) OECD mandates and constitution
6) Role of regulatory bodies , global scenario
7) National Regulatory bodies and indian scenario
Unit II
8) Interaction between Toxicology and Industry
9) Indian drug industry
10) Indian Pesticide industry
11) Requirements , rules , regulations for pesticide registration
12) Compounds under regulatory legislation demand
13) Regulations for nurtraceuticals and herbals
14) Residue monitoring programs
15) Regulatory essential dose levels in chemical risk NOEL, NOAEL
16) LOEL, LOAEL, AOEL
Unit III
17) Risk assessment in practice
18) Classification of chemicals
19) Surveillance of chemicals
20) Exposure assessment Estimating MRLs, ADIs
21) Safety Pharmacology
Unit IV
22) GLP and its components
23) GLP certification
24) GLP in India
25) GMP
26) CPCSEA and animal welfare
Practicals VPT 713
1)Acute Toxicity in rodents
2) Acute toxicity in poultry
3) Oral subacute toxicity studies in rodents
4) Dermal subacute toxicity in rodents
5) Teratogenicity testing in rats
6) Dermal irritation test
7) Eye irritation test
8) Genotoicity and mutanenicity tests ( Ames test, chromosomal aberrations, Micronucleus test)
9) Visit to GLP lab
10) Models for carcinogenicity assessment
11) Lab animal toxicity data interpretations ,
MINUTES OF MEETING OF BOARD OF STUDIES IN
VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
XIII meeting of Board of Studies in Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology was held in the department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur at 10:00 hrs on date 30/10/2009.
Following members were present for the meeting..
1. Dr. C. R. Jangade
Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
Nagpur Vet. College Nagpur.
Chairman
2. Dr. M. I. Qureshi
Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
COVAS, Parbhani
3. Dr. P. R. More
Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
KNP College of Veterinary Sciences, Shirwal,
4. Dr. Mrs. M. M. Gatne,
Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai
5. Dr. A. P. Somkuwar
Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
Udgir Veterinary College, Udgir.
6. Dr. A. A. Deshmukh.
Associate Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
Udgir Veterinary College, Udgir.
7. Dr. Limse R. P.
Asst. Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
Nagpur Vet. College Nagpur. Invitee8. Dr. Miss. Alka Satarkar
Asst. Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
Nagpur Vet. College Nagpur. Invitee9. Dr Miss Awasthi
Asst. Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
Nagpur Vet. College Nagpur. Invitee10. Dr. S.R. Rajurkar
Associate Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology,
COVAS, Parbhani
Secretary
Atthe onset chairman welcomed all the members and thereafter the meeting started as per agenda.
Agenda No. 1 Approval of the Proceedings of last meeting :
Proceedings of last meeting were read out and confirmed unanimously by the members of the house.
Agenda No. 2 Discussion and preparation of lecture and practical schedule for M. V. Sc. courses in Vet. Pharmacology & Toxicology.
The contents of the courses ..
VPT 601 GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
2+0
VPT 602 AUTONOMIC AND AUTACOID PHARMACOLOGY
2+1
VPT 603 CNS PHARMACOLOGY
2+1
VPT 604 DIGESTIVE AND RESPIRATORY PHARMACOLOGY 2+0
VPT 605 CARDIOVASCULAR AND RENAL PHARMACOLOGY 2+0
VPT 606 ENDOCRINE AND REPRODUCTIVE PHARMACOLOGY 2+0
VPT 607 CHEMOTHERAPY
2+1
VPT 608 TOXICOLOGY OF XENOBIOTICS
2+1
VPT 609 TOXICOLOGY OF PLANTS AND TOXINS
2+0
VPT 610 PHARMACOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES
1+1
VPT 611 TECHNIQUES IN TOXICOLOGY
1+1
VPT 612 ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
2+0
VPT 691 MASTERS SEMINAR
1+0
VPT 699 MASTERS RESEARCH
20
were discussed course wise for the common academic regulations course curricula and syllabi for PG education in Agricultural and allied sciences as per the guidelines of ICAR.
Accordingly the lecture schedule of theory and practical were prepared, discussed and finally approved unanimously along with semester wise break up of courses (copy of lecture and practical schedule and break up of courses is enclosed --- Annexure I ).
During discussion it was observed that master seminar course VPT 691 has been given credit as 1 + 0 = 1. After thorough discussion it was unanimously decided that the credit load should be 0 + 1=1 as this course do not involve any theory and also mid term examination. Therefore the credit load of Master Seminar VPT 691 has been changed as 0 + 1=1 without changing the title and credit load of the course.
RESOLUTION 04/09
The lecture schedule of theory and practical for M. V. Sc. courses were approved unanimously on date 30/10/2009 ( Annexure I ).
Agenda No. 3 Discussion and preparation of lecture and practical schedule for Ph. D. courses in Vet. Pharmacology & Toxicology.
The contents of the courses
VPT 701 ADVANCES IN NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
2+0
VPT 702 AUTACOID PHARMACOLOGY
1+0
VPT 703 PHARMACOLOGY OF HERBAL DRUGS
2+1
VPT 704 DRUG METABOLISM
2+0
VPT 705 MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
2+0
VPT 706 PHARMACOKINETICS
2+1
VPT 707 PHARMACOGENOMICS
2+0
VPT 708 IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
1+0
VPT 709 MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
2+0
VPT 710 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
1+1
VPT 711 CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
2+1
VPT 712 ECOTOXICOLOGY
2+0
VPT 713 REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY
2+1
VPT 790 SPECIAL PROBLEM
0+2
VPT 791 DOCTORAL SEMINAR I
1+0
VPT 792 DOCTORAL SEMINAR II
1+0
VPT 799 DOCTORAL RESEARCH
45
were discussed course wise for the common academic regulations course curricula and syllabi for PG education in Agricultural and allied sciences as per the guidelines of ICAR.
Accordingly the lecture schedule of theory and practical were prepared, discussed and finally approved unanimously along with semester wise break up of courses (copy of lecture and practical schedule and break up of courses is enclosed --- Annexure II ).
During discussion it was observed that course VPT 701 ( 2+0=2) has been given title as ADVANCES IN NEUROPHARMACOLOGY after going through the contents of the course it was observed that the contents do not match appropriately with the title. Keeping the contents and credits as it is and without any change it was suggested by the members of the Board of studies to modify its title as ADVANCES IN PHARMACODYNAMICS.
Accordingly the title of the course VPT 701 is modified as ADVANCES IN PHARMACODYNAMICS. Credits 2 + 0 =2 instead of ADVANCES IN NEUROPHARMACOLOGY.
House unanimously approved the modifications and was passed unanimously.
Similarly VPT 791 Doctoral Seminar I and VPT 792 Doctoral Seminar II has been given credit load as 1 + 0 = 1 respectively.
After thorough discussion it was unanimously decided that the credit load should be 0 + 1=1 for each course (VPT 791 and VPT 792) as these courses do not involve any theory and also mid term examinations. Therefore the credit load of Doctoral Seminar I, VPT 791 and Doctoral Seminar II, VPT 792 has been changed as 0 + 1=1 respectively without changing the title and credit load of these courses.
Further it was suggested by all the members of the house that the courses of Ph. D. should not be fixed (Core courses). However, liberty should be given to choose the courses from VPT 701 to VPT 713 keeping intact the total credit load allocated to different semesters this will enable to cover all the courses mentioned in the guidelines and can be given the related courses to Ph. D. students according to the nature of research work to be carried out.
This suggestion was accepted by the house unanimously with request to consider it.
RESOLUTION 05/09
The lecture schedule of theory and practical for Ph. D. courses were approved unanimously on date 30/10/2009 ( Annexure II ).
Agenda No. 4 Approval of the ORW of Ph. D. Student :
ORW of Ph. D. Student Mr. Salve Pradip Buwaji Enrolment No. V/02/338, Ph. D. Scholar from Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Parbhani was discussed in depth and after discussion it was approved unanimously by the house with suggestion.
Name of studentCollegeTitle of ORWRemarks / Suggestion
Salve Pradip Buwaji COVAS, ParbhaniComparative Evaluation of Phyllanthus emblica and Allium sativum on arsenic induced genotoxicity, oxidative stress and Immunotoxicity in mice and ratsIAEC approval required
RESOLUTION 06/09
The ORW of Ph. D. student Mr. Salve Pradip Buwaji is approved unanimously on date 30/10/2009.
Agenda No. 5 Any other point with the permission of chair :
The members of BOS congratulated Dr C R Jangade for bestowing the responsibility of Associate Dean, NVC, Nagpur in addition to his own duties.
It was also decided unanimously to change the place of BOS for the forth coming meetings for which all the members agreed unanimously.
The meeting ended with the vote of thanks to the chair.
Dr. C. R. Jangade
Dr. S.R. Rajurkar
Chairman
Secretary
19Dr.Dahiphale Hanumant