Pervasive Service

Nature-inspired Spatial Metaphors for Pervasive Service Ecosystems

C. Villalba, A. Rosi, M. Viroli, F. [email protected]

Spatial Computing Workshop - SASO 2008

OutlineOutline

• MotivationsMotivations

• Architecture

• Metaphors for Service Ecosystems

• Ecological metaphor

• Ecosystems of displays


MotivationsMotivations

•Pervasive sensing and actuating devices will densely l t d i tpopulate our everyday environment

•Emergence of a comprehensive, integrated and very dense, decentralized shared infrastructure,•The infrastructure can be used to access innovative servicesI ti di d f k h b •Innovative paradigms and frameworks have to be identified •Frameworks must look for the spatially-situated nature p yof pervasive services•We can get inspiration from Natural Systems to achieve

lf *self-*Spatial Computing Workshop - SASO 2008

Architecture Architecture

C l Currently… •Conceives services and interactions with standard SOA architecturesarchitectures•Services are orchestrated according to specific pre-defined patterns• They miss the spatial concepts• Self-* are enforced via ad-hoc solutions

L t l bilit i t d• Long term evolvability is not ensured


Architecture Architecture

Unifying reference architecture for nature-inspired pervasive ecosystems


Proposed architecture Proposed architecture

•Developers, producers and consumers of i d d t t th f kservices and data access to the framework

• Users produce new services and data components

•High degree of openness

•Concrete physical and digital ground•Includes all the Hw. devices, web tool and data sources used in a space-dependent way


Proposed architecture •All components are abstracted as living entities •Individuals will be of different species, will be physically deployed in the environment and situated in

Proposed architecture

physically deployed in the environment and situated in some portion of the space•Individuals are subjected to changes and are injected at any time• Users can keep control and influence the behavior

•Provides the spatial supporting for the individual, for

• Users can keep control and influence the behavior of the individuals

their spatial activities and interactions•Defines the structure of virtual world in which individuals live•Activities and interactions are dependent on their positions and on the surrounding space•Implemented by middleware substrate that will support the execution and life cycle of individuals, and will enforce concepts coherently to a specific

f h structure of the space


Proposed architecture Proposed architecture

•Regulate the way in which individuals live and interact•Regulate the eternal service ecosystems model•Act on the basis of the spatial locality principles•Will affect and be affected by the local space around and by others individuals•Requires the presence of some meaningful description of each species •Requires a proper matching criteria to define how the eco-laws apply to specific species in specific conditions of the space


Eco-lawsEco lawsThe dynamics of the ecosystem Individuals act based on their internal goals, yet are subject to the eco-laws for their actions and g y jinteractions

Evolution patterns Eco-laws can drive to it

Self organization Eco laws facilitate individuals to interact with each Self-organization Eco-laws facilitate individuals to interact with each other and orchestrate their actions

Self-adaptation Changing conditions are reflected in the way that eco-la s affect t indi id als in a l calitlaws affect to individuals in a locality

Decentralized self-management The injection of new individuals can be used to modify the way that eco-laws affect to other individuals, and

h t l th l tisomehow control the evolution

Adaptation and long-term evolution The existence of the eco-laws can potentially make the overall ecosystem sort of eternal


Eco-lawsEco laws

“While the basic laws of life are eternal and do not change the forms under which it manifests change the forms under which it manifests continuously evolve, naturally inducing new dynamics for the interactions between individuals and for the ecosystem as a whole”and for the ecosystem as a whole”


Service Ecosystems MetaphorsService Ecosystems MetaphorsSpecies Laws Space

Physical Particles (computational ) d

Navigation and activities d b f ld ( d

The Universe (a network), h d b dcomponents) and

messages (computational fields)

driven by fields (gradient ascent by components)

as shaped by waves and particles.

Chemical Atoms (semantically Chemical Reactions Space (localities/bags ofChemical Atoms (semantically described) and Molecules (composed semantic descriptions)

Chemical Reactions (matching of semantic descriptions and bonding of components)

Space (localities/bags of components)

Biological Cells (amorphous computing cells, modules of self‐assembly components)

Diffusion of chemical gradients and morphogens, differentiation of behaviour and activity

Space (Abstract computational landscapes, or physical landscapes)

Ecological Organisms (Agents) and Species (Classes) and Resources (Data)

Survive (goal‐orientation), eat, produce, and reproduce

Niches (Pervasive computing environments)


Analysis of the MetaphorsAnalysis of the MetaphorsSelf‐organization and Self‐

AdaptationSelf‐Management and

ControlEvolution and Time

Adaptation

Physical Global self‐organizing spatial structures

We know well how to build and control specific structures in physics

No new components, always same behaviours

Chemical Mostly local self organizing Reactants and catalysts can Several new components canChemical Mostly local self‐organizing structures, sometimes global too, as in crystals

Reactants and catalysts can exert control over the dynamics and structure of reactions

Several new components can be generated under the same basic laws

Biological Local, morphogenesis of local shapes

Mechanisms of morphogenesis not fully understood, this difficult to determine how to control

Limited number of new “shapes”, and only local changes

Ecological Local structures mostly, although sometimes leading to more global patterns

Difficult to understand how to enforce control over ecologies of many species

Several new species can appear under the same basic laws


Pervasive Service EcosystemPervasive Service Ecosystem

• Conceive the individuals within as the life forms of an hecosphere

• Individuals have to survive by finding the appropriate food and resourceand resource

• The eco-laws reduce to simply ruling the dynamics of the food web

• Space has a relevant role: the effort of getting food is related to the distance of food


Living forms in the ecologyLiving forms in the ecology

•Do not look for food•Supported by nutrients •Eat vegetables •Eat animals and/

or vegetablesSupported by nutrients or vegetables

•Metabolized food•Spread in the spaceP d diff i f h fl•Produce an diffuse nutrients for the flora


Living forms in the ecologyLiving forms in the ecology

•Not considered proactive computational entities

•Computationally autonomous •Need other servicescomputational entities autonomous

•Monitor the overall activities•Produce new information


Ecosystem of displaysEcosystem of displays


Feedback loopFeedback loop

• Can contribute to rule the overall dynamics•Self-organize and self-adapt the way that information flows and the way that advertising move, act and coordinate•Injecting new digester agents, can

fl h d f f influence the dynamics of information diffusion and the activities of the advertising•The adaptation over the time is The basic eco-laws will ensure •The adaptation over the time is inherently to this modelthat life forms will find their way

of living and their role in the system or will simply disappear


Open questionsOpen questions

• What actual metaphor is the best to be adopted among the possible ones?possible ones?

• What should be the actual modeling of individual and of eco/-laws?

• What should be the actual shape and properties of the space in which individual will live and interact?

• How can we practically implement this?• How can security and control be enforced in such open

ecosystems?ecosystems?


ConclusionsConclusions

Conceive future pervasive service frameworks as a spatial ecosystem in which services, data items and resources

ll d l d t i di id l th t ti ll are all modeled as autonomous individuals that spatially act and interact in accord to a simple set of well-defined “laws of nature”


Pervasive Service

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