Personality 2012.pptx
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 1
Personality
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 2
Personality
What is Personality?Personality is the sum total of ways in which
an individual reacts and interacts with others. Itis the unique and relatively stable pattern of
behaviour, thoughts, and emotions shown byindividuals.
What are Personality Traits?
Personality traits are enduringcharacteristics that describe an individualsbehaviour (over time and across situations).
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 3
Determinants of Personality
HEREDITYThe ultimate explanation of an individuals
personality is the molecular structure of the
genes, located in the chromosomes.
1. Behaviour and temperament of young
children e.g. shyness, fear, distress
2. Twins separated at birth3. Consistency in job satisfaction over time and
across situations
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 4
Determinants of Personality (contd.)
ENVIRONMENT
1. Culture - Norms, attitudes, values
2. Learning Conditioning, experience
SITUATION
An individuals personality, althoughgenerally stable and consistent, does change in
different situations. The different demands ofdifferent situations call forth different aspects ofones personality.
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 5
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
Extraverted vs. Introverted (E or I)Outgoing, sociable, assertive vs. quiet, shy
Sensing vs. Intuitive (S or N)
Practical, detail-oriented, preference for routine and
order vs. unconscious processes
Thinking vs. Feeling (T or F)
Use of reason and logic vs. relying on personal values
and emotions
Judging vs. Perceiving (J or P)
Preference for order, structure and control vs. flexibility,
spontaneity
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ISTJ
PlannerInspector
ISFJ
ProtectorSupporter
INFJ
ForeseerDeveloper
INTJ
ConceptualizerDirector
ISTP
Analyzer
Operator
ISFP
Composer
Producer
INFP
Harmonizer
Clarifier
INTP
Designer
Theorizer
ESTP
ExpeditorPromoter
ESFP
MotivatorPresenter
ENFP
DiscovererAdvocate
ENTP
ExplorerInventor
ESTJ
ImplementerSupervisor
ESFJ
FacilitatorCaretaker
ENFJ
VisionaryMentor
ENTJ
StrategistMobilizer
Nickname for Each Type
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 7
The Big Five Model of Personality
ExtroversionOnes comfort level with relationships
(sociable, gregarious, assertive versus reserved, timid,quiet)
AgreeablenessOnes propensity to defer to others
(good-natured, cooperative, trusting versus cold,disagreeable, antagonistic)
Conscientiousness
Ones reliability and responsibility(responsible, dependable, persistent, organized versusdistracted, disorganized, unreliable)
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 8
The Big Five Model of Personality (contd.)
Emotional stability
Ones ability to withstand stress
(calm, self-confident, secure versus nervous,
depressed, and insecure) Openness to experience
Ones range of interests and fascination with
novelty(imaginative, sensitive, curious versus
conventional, finding comfort in the familiar)
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 9
Measuring Personality
Self-report Surveys
Impression Management
Accuracy Observer-ratings Surveys
Accuracy
Projective Measures
Assessment
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Choose A or B for each item:1. a. Becoming a success is a matter of hard work;
luck has little or nothing to do with it.
b. Getting a good job depends mainly on being inthe right place at the right time.
2. a. The average citizen can have an influence in
government decisions.b. This world is run by the few people in power,
and there is not much the little guy can do about it.
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3. a. As far as world affairs are concerned, most ofus are the victims of forces we can neither
understand nor control.
b. By taking an active part in political and social
affairs, people can control world events.
4. a. With enough effort we can wipe out political
corruption.
b. It is difficult for people to have much control
over the things politicians do in office.
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 12
Scoring Key:
The internal locus of control answers are:1a, 2a, 3b, 4a
The external locus of control answers are:
1b, 2b, 3a, 4b
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 13
Personality Attributes Influencing OB
Locus of Control (LOC)A persons perception of the source of his or
her fate is termed locus of control.
1. Internals Individuals who believe that they
control what happens to them.2. Externals Individuals who believe that whathappens to them is controlled by outside forces.
Implications on Performance & Satisfaction(Absenteeism, alienation, motivation, turnover,
health)
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 14
Personality Attributes Influencing OB
Machiavellianism
The degree to which an individual is pragmatic,maintains emotional distance, and believes that endscan justify means.
High Machs manipulate and bargain more and arepersuaded less. They succeed when there is more offace to face interaction, and few rules and regulationsto be adhered to.
Implications on Work Ethics
Jobs that involve bargaining skills or offer substantialrewards for winning
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 15
Personality Attributes Influencing OB
Self EsteemThe individuals degree of liking or disliking themselves.(high expectations for success, risk-taking, choosingunconventional jobs, versus seeking approval, pleasingothers, susceptibility to external influence)
Self MonitoringThe individuals ability to adjust his or her behaviour toexternal, situational factors. (adjusting, adaptable,highly sensitive, versus behavioural consistency)
Risk Taking
The individuals willingness to take chances or risks.(how much time and information required to arrive at adecision)
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 16
Personality Attributes Influencing OB
Type A
Aggressive
Impatient
Competitive
Always on the move
Thinking or doing two or more things at once
Achieving more and more in less and less time
Time urgency (no time for leisure)
Type B
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 17
Personality Attributes Influencing OB
Narcissism
The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense
of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and
have a sense of entitlement. They tend to be selfish
and exploitative.
Proactive Personality
People who identify opportunities, show initiative, take
action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs.
They create positive environments despite constraints.
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Personality Dr. M. Chaudhuri 18
Get Started!
Happy Understanding!!!