Perceptions and Opinions of People Residing in Periurban Amritsar About the NID.(2)

7/27/2019 Perceptions and Opinions of People Residing in Periurban Amritsar About the NID.(2)

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Perceptions and Opinions of people living inperiurban Amritsar about ongoing Intensified Pulse

Polio Immunization rounds.

Devgun P*, Ahuja SS**, Kaur H**, Kaur H**** Associate Professor, ** Assistant Professor, *** LecturerDepartment of Community Medicine, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and

Research, Sri Amritsar.

Correspondence Dr. Priyanka DevgunEmail [email protected]

AbstractResearch Question: What are the perceptions and opinions ofpeople residing in periurban Amritsar about the IPPI campaign?

Setting: Periurban Amritsar city abutting 27.5 kilometres of the bye

pass.

Period of study: Feb 10-19, 2010.

Study design: Cross- sectional

Sample size: 210 (30 clusters of 7 each)

Methodology: 210 households were selected for the study by thetechnique of cluster sampling. A pretested proforma wasadministered to the respondents to know their perceptions.

Results: A total of 162 children were found in 210 householdsvisited. Opinions of the respondents were noted.

Key words: polio camp, booth, immunisation, children.
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Introduction

The world health community is gearing to achieve the samekind of success story in polio eradication as it had with the

eradication of smallpox. With the exception of India, Pakistan,Afghanistan and Nigeria, their efforts have borne fruit in rest of theworld.1

In India, the impetus for polio eradication is being given in theform of National Immunisation Days (NIDs) which have been aregular feature in health scenario countrywide ever since 1995.2

Much effort is expended in covering the urban and the ruralpopulations. However of late, the periurban areas and slums havegained importance as far as immunisation coverage is concerned.These places are potential hotbeds for spread of polio on account ofconducive conditions thus causing the failure of all efforts toeradicate the same.

The following study was conducted following the February 7-9,2010 round in periurban Amritsar to know the perceptions andopinions of people towards the current round.

Materials and Method

A total of 6853 under five children were immunised by 70teams of volunteer MBBS student vaccinators of Sri Guru Ram Das

Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar. 210households were selected by cluster sampling technique for thepurpose of the study. A pretested proforma was administered to therespondents in the household and the results noted.

Observations and Discussion

Table I: Distribution of beneficiaries by age and sexMales Females Total


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Table II: Knowledge about the age of immunisationAge Number Percentage

Less than 5 186 88.5 %Less than 10 12 5.7 %Any age 4 1.9 %Do not know 3 1.4 %Total 210 100 %

88.5% of the respondents could correctly tell the age targetedin the pulse polio campaigns as less than five years while only 1.4%did not know the age.

Table III: Correctly identifying the day of NID and location ofthe nearest boothAwareness about Present Absent TotalNID on Sunday 208 (99%) 2 (1%) 210Location of nearestbooth

194 (92.4%) 16 (7.6%) 210

An overwhelming 99.0 % could correctly identify the NationalImmunisation day as Sunday and 92.4% could tell the location of thenearest booth. In a study conducted in east Delhi, only 37% of therespondents could the correctly state the NID as Sunday.5

Table IV: Source of information about NIDSource ofinformation

Number Percentage

Print media 39 18.6%Electronic media 126 60%Posters and Banners 135 64.3%Announcements 12 5.7%Neighbours, friends 27 12.9%Health worker 18 8.6%

Posters and banners were the most popular source ofinformation according to 64.3% of the people followed by electronicmedia by 60% of the people. Least popular medium wasannouncements. Health workers were quoted by 20.8% people asthe source of information regarding NID in a study in Chandigarh.3

Table V: The place of immunisation of the childrenPlace ofimmunisation

Number Percentage

Booth 94 58.1 %In house by team 57 35.2 %


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Refused immunisation 11 6.7 %Total 162 100 %

58.1% children were brought to the booth for immunisationwhile 35.2% children were immunized in homes by the teams. 6.7%

of the children could not be immunised. This is in contrast to 90.3%coverage in booths and 6.6% by teams in the houses in Haryana.6

Table VI: Reason for not coming to boothReason Number PercentageBad weather 23 40.4 %Child too small 7 1.8 %Team will come home 18 31.6 %Child not well 2 3.5 %Others forgot

Did notfind time

2

5

3.5 %

8.7 %

Total 57 100 %

Bad weather was quoted as the main reason by 40.4% peoplefor not bringing the children to the booth for immunisation while thefact that teams make home visits was the explanation given by31.6% people. On the other hand, inconvenience in reaching thebooth was cited as the reason for not immunising the child by 46.7%respondents in Chandigarh.3 The team will bring vaccine home kept30.2% children away from booth in Kolkotta.7

Table VII: Reason for refusing immunisationReason Number PercentageChild not well 3 27.2 %Given too many times 4 36.3 %Not sure about quality ofvaccine

4 36.3%

Total 11 100 %

11 children were found unimmunised as 3 of them were

reportedly not well and the parents of 4 children opined that thevaccine was given too many times. Other 4 respondents were nottoo sure of the quality of vaccine. 24% respondents felt that thevaccine had been given too many times already and did not gettheir child immunised as revealed by a study by Dasgupta et al.8

Table VIII: Status of immunisation in the pastStatus Number PercentageNever missed 27 16.6 %Rarely missed 93 57.4 %Often missed 42 30.0 %Always missed 0 0


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Total 162 100 %

57.4% respondents had rarely missed getting their childrenimmunised in the IPPI days while there were none who reportedalways giving a wide berth to the NID.

Table IX: In case the child has minor ailment, what will youdoAction Number PercentageGive OPV regardless 60 28.6 %Refuse immunisation 116 55.2 %

Consult doctor first 34 16.2 %Total 210 100 %

55.2 % of the respondents said that they will not get theirchild immunised if the child is not well while 28.6 % said that will doso.

Table X: Attitude on your unimmunised child beingimmunised in the schoolAttitude Number PercentageBerate school

authority

127 60.5 %

Applaud schoolauthority

34 16.2 %

Cannot say 49 23.3 %Total 210 100 %

60.5 % of the respondents will berate the school authorities iftheir unimmunised child is immunised without their consent in theschool.

Table XI: Reasons for continuing presence of polio inPunjabReason Number PercentageMigrant labour 144 68.5%Slums 86 41.0 %Unhygienic living conditions 79 37.6 %Poor sanitation 113 53.8 %Others

MalnutritionLack of immunisationVermin(flies, mosquitoes,

rodents, stray animals)

1512431

7.1 %59.0 %14.8 %

Cannot say 46 22.0 %


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68.5% respondents blamed the migrant labour from UP andBihar as the main scrooge for continuing presence of polio while53.8 % attributed it to poor sanitation. 41.0 % laid the blame onproliferating slums in the cities.22% had no opinion.

84.2 % respondents believed that OPV should not be given ifthe child has received the drops a day earlier.72.3 % people did notknow whether polio can be transmitted from a child with polio limb.Only 10.7 % opined that OPV should be given to a polio afflictedchild. Only 1 respondent affirmed seeing a polio afflicted child in theneighbourhood. 83.8 % people were satisfied with the quality ofcoverage. 49 % respondents were unaware of the transit teams.Only 42.4 % respondents believed that polio can be eradicated.

Table XII: Opinions and knowledgeOpinions and knowledge Yes No Do

notknow

Total

Should OPV be given again even if itwas given a day earlier?

5(2.3%)

177(84.2%)

28(13.3%)

210

Can healthy child contact polio froma child with polio limb?

12(5.7%)

46(21.9%)

152(72.3%)

210

Should a child with polio be givenOPV?

23(10.9%)

116(55.2%)

71(33.8%)

210

Have you seen a child with polio inyour neighbourhood?

1(0.4%)

184(87.6%)

25(11.9%)

210

Do you find immunisation coveragesatisfactory?

176(83.8 %)

32(15.2%)

2(0.9%)

210

Are you aware of immunisationteams for people in transit?

64(30.4 %)

43(20.4%)

103(49.0%)

210

Can polio be eradicated? 89(42.4 %)

54(25.7%)

67(31.9%)

210

In the 15 odd years of the pulse polio campaign running, the boothcoverage has decreased and house to house coverage increased.People are well aware of the day and age limit of immunisation.Information for the same is largely gleaned from banners andposters. Migrant labour is considered to be the leading cause for

continuing presence of polio in the state. They are generally


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satisfied with the quality of coverage but are ambivalent aboutpredicting polio eradication.

References:

1. http:// www.who.int/ mediacentre/ news release/2006/pro5/en.Accessed on 25.02.10.

2. www.npspindia.org.3. Swami HM, Thakur JS, Bhatia SPS, Bhatia V, Bhan VK.

Coverage evaluation survey of pulse polio immunisation inChandigarh. Indian J of Community Med 2000 Apr-Jun; 25(2):83-85.

4. Census of India , Govt. of India - Ministry of Home Affairs .[Online]Available from: URL: censusindia.gov.in (

www.censusindia .net/ )5. Sharma R, Bhasin S. Routine immunisation-Do people know about it? A study

among caretakers of children attending Pulse Polio Immunisation in East

Delhi. Indian J of Community Med 2008 Jan; 33(1): 31-34.

6. Grover A, Lakshmi PVM, Aggarwal AK. Evaluation of house to house

strategy for intensive pulse polio immunisation in Rural area of Haryana.

Indian J of Community Med 2006 Jan- Mar; 31(1): 33

7. Chatterji T, Haldar A, Mitra SP, Saha AK and Rai M. intensifiedpulse polio immunisation coverage in slums of a metropolitancity: an appraisal. J Commun Dis 2002 Dec; 34(4): 281-6.

8. Dasgupta R, Chaturvedi S, Adhish V, Ganguly KK, Rai S,Sushant L and Arora NK. Social determinents and PolioEndgame. A Qualitative study in High Risk Districts of India.Indian Pediatr 2008; 45: 357-65.
http://www.who.int/http://www.npspindia.org/http://www.censusindia.net/http://www.censusindia.net/http://www.who.int/http://www.npspindia.org/http://www.censusindia.net/http://www.censusindia.net/

Perceptions and Opinions of People Residing in Periurban Amritsar About the NID.(2)

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