Pearson's Nursing Assistant Today CHAPTER The Reproductive System and Related Care 24.

Pearson'sPearson'sNursing Assistant TodayNursing Assistant Today

CHAPTER

The Reproductive System and Related Care

24

Pearson's Nursing Assistant TodayFrancie Wolgin • Kate Smith • Julie French

The Reproductive SystemThe Reproductive System

• Reproductive system: – Group of body organs that makes possible

creation of human life.

• Male and female each have essential role in the process of reproduction.



• Female reproductive system– Ovaries– Ova/ovum– Estrogen– Vagina/vaginal canal


Figure 24-1 Female reproductive organs.



• Reproductive process begins with ovulation.

• Fertilization can occur during ovulation. – Ovum unites with sperm cell released from

male during intercourse.


Figure 24-2 Fertilization and cell division.



• Giving birth– Uterus begins gradual to strong contractions,

pushing fetus through and out of vagina.– Baby is born.– Umbilical cord tied and cut.– Delivery of placenta.



• Menstruation: – Periodic (monthly) loss of some blood and

small part of lining of uterus when woman is not pregnant.

• Menopause: – Time during which menstruation stops (age

after 40).



• Male reproductive system– Testes (testicles):

Produce sperm

– Penis: Primary male sex organ

– Testosterone: Primary male sex hormone



• Male has orgasm; semen is ejaculated.• Takes only one sperm to join with ovum

for pregnancy to occur.


SexualitySexuality

• Sexuality: – How people experience and express

themselves as sexual beings. Biological Physical Emotional

• Contrasts ways men and women learn to behave.


The Reproductive SystemThe Reproductive Systemand the Normal Aging Processand the Normal Aging Process

• Aging of the female reproductive system– Menopause (between age 45 and 55)– Lose elasticity of vaginal tissues – Less vaginal secretion– Loss of calcium in bones– Pelvic muscles that support bladder becomes

weakened


The Reproductive SystemThe Reproductive Systemand the Normal Aging Processand the Normal Aging Process

• Aging of the male reproductive system– Enlargement of prostate gland; benign

prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP):

surgical procedure to remove prostate gland

– Erectile dysfunction – Impotence


Common Diseases and DisordersCommon Diseases and Disordersof the Reproductive Systemof the Reproductive System

• Female reproductive system– Dysmenorrhea– Amenorrhea– Menorrhagia– Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)– Vaginitis– Cystocele



• Female reproductive system (cont’d)– Rectocele– Cancer of the uterus– Fibroids– Tumors of the breast



• Male reproductive system– Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)– Cancer of prostate gland– Prostatitis– Hydrocele– Impotence– Varicocele– Tumors of testicle– Tumors of breast



• Sexually transmitted diseases– Chlamydia– Gonorrhea– AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)– Syphilis– Genital herpes simplex (HSV)– Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (genital

warts)


Care of the Gynecological PatientCare of the Gynecological Patient

• Gynecological (GYN) patient: – Female receiving care of reproductive system

and/or breasts.

• Pelvic examination: – Assessing condition of female reproductive

organs.– See Procedure 24-1: Preparing a Patient for

a Pelvic Exam


Figure 24-6 Assemble equipment for the pelvic exam.


Postdelivery Care of MothersPostdelivery Care of Mothers

• Vaginal delivery postpartum care– Lochia– Ambulation– Exhaustion– Pain and discomfort– Edema and tenderness– Perineal care

See Procedure 24-2: Postpartum Perineal Care



• Cesarean section– Surgical procedure where baby delivered

through incision in abdomen.– Reasons for C-section

Emergencies Size Presentation of baby Planned



• Signs and symptoms of postpartum complications– Elevated temperature– Pain– Swelling or bleeding– Foul-smelling drainage– Passage of large blood clots



• Signs and symptoms of postpartum complications (cont’d)– Breast pain or swelling– Burning when passing urine– Signs of depression or feelings of sadness

without apparent reasons

Pearson's Nursing Assistant Today CHAPTER The Reproductive System and Related Care 24.

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