Crre K-fornnne$'

Preshvreriam Wima$$rA MONTHLY MAGAZINh,

P]iRSONAI AND FAMILY RItrI,IGION, MISSIONARY ENTERPRISE,AND THE PRINCIPI,ES OF THE SCOTTISH REtr'ORMATION.

IN BtrHALF' OtT

DECEMBER, tr904.

Vol. XXUI, Gontentg" No" 12"

The United Free Church Manifesto for the Bible, Fago 441

Led of the Spirit to be Tempted.-By ll,ev. John'M'Kee, ct45

Isaiah One or Several?-No. Z.-B,y Frofessor Lynd, D.D , 450

Notes on a Continental Holiday.-No. 5.-By J. N. S., - 455

Our Pulpit.-" Oalling and Election."-By Rev. R,. A" MoFarlane, B.I)., 460

For the Young :--Illustrated. Texts. -Bible Questions, 46+

Chureh News, t+6v

MiSSiOnS.-Letter from Rev. S. H. Kennedy,8.A., &e., 468

Temperance.-Interesting Jottings, - 4?0

Notes on the Papaey,

Notes and Comments :-The Japanese and Opiurn Smoking. -X'allingRevenue from Beer and. Spirits. -The J'ubilee of the Dogma of thoImmaculate Conception.-"A Time" to Sing Psalms.-Still "NeitherSide, " - 476

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Ar tho Annuar Meeting "f the Refo,rmed Presbyterian synod, held

il il;i'^;I this year, the manaqement' o'f -the

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-i\{'Do'aldlMr. M'Donald

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The Committee have arranged for

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CO-VINAI\IT THICtOGiCAL $[MINARYLIBRARY

TfIE

Reformed Presbyterian ltlitness." Ye are my Wltnesses, saith the Lord."- Isaiah."The truth I speak, impugn it whoso list.',-John Knor.

DecErnETER, 19O4.

THE UNITED FREE CHURCH MANIFE5TO FORTHE BIBLE.

'I'Hn grerfl,t Co,nvoca,tion o,f the llnited tr'ree, C'hurch in Eldinburghlas't, rnonth '\y&,si in gg,1rgr1a,l. fgspoct,s, an unqualified srucc,osrsr. fnnumb,ers it wa,s magnificent-and nurnb,ers a,re always imposirg.ln unity and e,nthusiastic heartine,srs it was all that its orga,niserscould lrave des,ire,d-f o,r it showe,d the unbroke,n solidarity o,fthe llnited Church. Itrven in its Psalm-singing it was upliftinga,nd rare-fo,r it g&,ve, the Christian community a, demo,nstra,tionof the richne,ss and tho mus,ic o,f the Psalms whe,n sung by u greatrnultitude such as it rle,ver ha,d before. We' do no,t knorv that,the Conrro,cation was de,signed to srerrve any e'nd beyoard tha,t ofan appeal to the, na,tio,n a,t large in be,half o,f the continued unityand he,artiness of the l]nit,e'd Church ; a,nd to t'hat externt, it wasemine,ntly succerssful.

\\re, do not propose to, dis,cuss the procee,dings o,f the Co,nvo,ca-tion, but we carlnot re,frain frorn refe,rring t,o, o,ne paragraph in theTrlecsage to, t,he' pe,ople, which was r,ea,d by Princip,al Rainy aind&,gr'e,ed to, be issued to the rne,mbers o'f the Church. 'Iheparagraph is of ffiore than usual intere,s,t and impo,rt,a,nce, a,ndwo quo,te it, in full. It is as fo'Ilows '-

" More se,rious,ly still do,we, r,epel the accusatio,n that we, under-value the, autho'rity o,f Scripture or undermine the, belief in itsinspirat"ion and infallibility a,s the, guide of so,uls. We, ape, ons inreceiving the Scripture a,s give,n by inspira,tio,n o,f Go,d. TVe findit to be the, Book in which \ve hera'r His revealing voice, Hisinstructio,n, His robuke, His co,mfo,rt, so' that it is o,ur treasureand our song in the house o,f our pilgrimags. We ho,nour it as

442 Tnn Rnronlrnn PnnsnvrER'rAN lMtrNnss'

the sp,ecial instrument of the Spirit who in,spined it, by which Heconvinces of sin, oo,nrrerts to Go,d, and builds up in ho'line's's thos'e

who have beliwed. We Emb,race it a,s the reve'latio'n o'f Christand of the promis,e,s which a,r,e Yea and Amen in Him. Wo exhorto,Ur.poople not t,o b,e, €oon tro,ublerd o,r shake,n in mind either by

the restle'ss,noss o,f speculatio'n or by the r'erpro'|a,che's o'f p'errsonswho are hostile to, our Church. And v,or/ e'anrestly we would

exhort all whom ou,r words ca,n rea,ch to magnify the Scripture'sin the,ir own pr,a,ct,ice,1 to a,bound, in the' prayerful study o'f theBible; and t,o make it their o,bject t,o come thems,e,Ivec to a fulle'r,experie'ce o,f its divine and s,aving powe'r."

This is the rnes,s,agCI o,f the Convo,cat,ion to all the members o'f

the church, and it cannot but b,e s,aid o,f it tha,t it is a nobleand wo,rthy one,. It see,ms t,o put the Bible o,n its deservedpedestal a,s the inspire'd and infattible Wo,rd of God. It siee{mslo *uy " hands o'ff " t,o all who, wo,uld interfere with its integrityand truth. It se,efrrs wo,rthy, io fact, to be written in letters ofgo,ld a,s Go,d.'s own mersrs&,ge, to all in who'se hands are the Scrip-iur.,* of His Wo,r'd. W,e ro'joice to have from the Convocationsuch a,n utt,erancet.

But we have to safr and we say it with regret, that, 'eve'n s'uchan utt,erance a,sr this do,e,s no,t cle,ar the' fe'et o'f the' United Free

Church, or vindica,te its positio,n in regard to' the' Bib'le'. For o'|ne

thing, the messiage has no, fo,rmal or o,fficial authority. To besure,, it was a,dopt,ed. by the Co'rrYo'ca,tio'n, a'dopted without a wo'rdof disseqt,, b,ut it is the ut,t,€rr&,frco of no church rc'ourt, and itthergfgre' la,cks the ,inr,prirnatwr o,f the Church in duly co'nstitute'd

and offi"cia,l capacity. If it re,ally erxpres,ses the, setnt,imerrrts of thegreat mass of the rninist,ers and eldern of the Church, then itoug1rt to, have gre,at nt orar ute,ight througho,ut all the co'ngrega-

tions of the Church. But it has no official sa,nctio'n, and it bindsil

no o,ng.In ordi nary ca,ses, whe,re there is no per corfira to be considere'd,

such u messa,ger, ,even though uno,fficial, might be con*ide''edoo,nclusive, o,f a chur,ch's attitude t,o,\Mard the wo,rd o'f God. But

ther,e is mor,e than one serious per contra in the preNerrt ca,se.

Iro,r a goodly numb,er of years, the Fre'e Church s'ect'io'n o'f th'€'

united church tole,rate,d in her theo,logical chairs, and the lJnited

Fre,e C'hurch t,olerate's now in the chairs o'f the United Church,mefrl whose t,ea,chings, to say the least, do no't t'ally with thestat,erme,nts o,f this messflSe,.

- The gifts and schola,rship of these

='Tr/',.t"s / ./. ,,// -/-,J-

Tsn l-iNrtno X'nnu Cnuncu lVlaxrppsro x,oa, THE Brnr,p. 4AB

rrery] have, all along b,e,e,n o,f the higheat o,rder, as, indeod, has beentrue of the ho,no,ure,d line of Pro,feissro,r's in t,he t,wo Churche,s ,fo,rthe las,t sixty ysa,rsr. But on srerrio,us, eu€,stio,ns affercting theintegrity and inspiration of the Wo,rd, some o,f the,m have longsince re,a,ched the part,ing o,f t,he ways. TVhen we are asked, fo,rexamplq to beli'e,ve' t,hat the opening cha,pte,r's o'f Ge,nes,is aremyths, and ro,t histo,ry, that the s,t,o,riers o,f t,he' patriar:chs ar,e butro{Illa,nces,, that the srup,errna,tural ,e,Ie'm,ent of predi,ctrio,n is, to bgexplaine,d away and expla,ined o,ut o,f the writings of the, prophe,ts,ilnd sro. forth, fo,r we do, no't ca,re to, ,enume,r,at,e in dotail, thern we,nrust call a halt. Such views are, altogothe,r dishono,uring to theWord, and they a,re right in the, teieth o,f the, Co,nvo,ca,tion'srnessagel It is no exa,ggeration to a,ffi.rm, while we impute, rnot,ivegto rlo,fi€ir tha,t tho,se who ho,ld s,uch views do no,t ,, re,c,eirrs the,Scripturo a,s given by ins,piration o,f Go,d," th*y rather ,, unde,r-va,lue ite authority and unde,rmine belief in it,s inspira,t,ion andinfallibility." In sho,rt, they do no,t eixe,rnplify e'ithe,r the lettero'r the spirit o,f the message. And whe'n we further reimembe,rthat though ths Asigsrnfoly of the United Church wa,s challengedirr 1902 to condemn the te,a,ching of oner of the mo,st advancedo,f the Higher Critics in the Church, by a majority of bB4 to, 283it de'cline,d to do so,, wo must bo excused if we de,cline to, judgethe Church's po,sit,io,n by a,n informa,l r,ers,o,lution rathe,r than byits own aut,ho,rita,tivo actio,n. It comers to this, t,ha,t the, m,es:s;age,o'f the Co,nvocatio,n is delight,ful to read, but it is dis,co,unt,edse'rio,usly by the facts we, have ment,ioned as a,n s,sslsrgi€rsticalrnanifesto in behalf of t,he inspiration of the' \Mo,rd.

Significantly enougtr, the que'stion of the Higher Criticism wasintro,duced at the, Co,mmission o,f t,he' Ilnited ppsrsr ChurchAss,ernbly on the fo,llo,rving d*y in the stateme,nt, .o,f the Co,nvenero,f t,he, Co,lleger Cro,mmit,t,e'e'. Mr. Mattherw b,e,gan by s,aying t,hatthe para,ding of the' subje,ct o'f the Highe,r Criticism by the,ir forme,rbrethre,n wa,s e,ntiroly irre'levant, t,o, t,he, flig,put,e b,e,twe,e,n the twoChurches; and undo,ubtedly that is true,. Eve,ry one who kno,ws,the his,to,ry of the ca,se knows that, the quss,t,ion o,f an inspired oqrrnutilated Bible', o,f an o,rthodox o,r uno,rtho,dox profe,s,soria,te, w&,s,never ra,ised b,e,twe,en the t,wo Churche,s'. In the' la,w plea,s, it, wa,s,rrever na,me,d. T'he Higher C,riticsr w,erre in t,he, tr're,e, Church )re&rsbefo'rs the Union, and the mino,r.ity were content to' r,ernain in theChurch in fellowship with the,m. It is said that they co,uld no,t,have go,ne to law and won on such a, ple,a,. Perhaps il.o,t; but the

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ple,a would have ava,ile,d them in the, court o'f co'nsci'e,nce and atthe bar o,f Go,d. And bet,t,e,r to have wor] there'eYe,n tho'ugh theyha,d lo,st all they had. God's lMo,r'd. is more than the millions o'fthe Church. We ho,no,ur the pe,manerrt Fre'e'Church because it'holds by the inspired Word, but it is kno,wn t,o' all that it de'clinedto fight o,n that issue, a,nd. the subject o,f the Highe,r Criticis'rn is

the,refo,r'e irrele,vant in the prosent dis,pute b'etwe'en the twoChurchEs.

But,, that a,p,art,, thE Co,nvenerr of the College Cornmitt,ee thought

that he was called o,n to, say something on the ge'neral subject.

" Ho wa,s no,t himself an exp'ort'r" he said, " a'nd fo'r a gr*erat deal

of the Highe,r Criticism he had very little respe'ct; much of itwas just a,bout a,s poor scientific stufi a,s hs had ever to' spend his

time in e,xaminirrg." so far, weII. But to that he adde,d. that,, the unite,d Fr,e,e church had nsver homo'Io'gat'e'd the Higher

Criticis,m o,r t,he, special tea,ching of the Higher Critic's'." In the

fa,cg of the, fa,ct,s, w,e have me,nt,io,ned, s,uch a., state'ment can only

produce wo,nder, and it sugge,sts, to us the quest'io'n whe'ther wea'e ,expect,ed. to take se,rio,usly the pro,no,unce(ne'nts o,f the I'e'aders

of the church. If a mast,er is responsible fo,r the wo,rk do,ne byhis se,rvan1s,, is a Church not 1s'g:p'orlsible for the' work do'ne' by her

Pro,ferssroflS,r esp,ecially wh'ern that Iilo'|fkr tho'ugh questione'd' is

tolerrate,d and approved ? No chain is str.o,nge'r than it's weakest'link, and no, church is purrer o,r more ortho,dox o,r e,varlgelical than

the.a,cknormLed.ge,d. liv'e,s and doctrine,s o'f its t'e'ache'r's andpero,ple. If the, unite,d Frere church, which h6s no'b'Ie histo'ricas'sio,ciat,io,ns, o,n both srid'e's o'f t'he' Ho'usre! wo'uld' only make'

the is'sue a living isrsue'r and by 1-ts'n'eis't Church la'w and

discipline, turn the nnessag e of the c ottuocat'ion 'into a l'iu'ing

auth,o,itat,iae f orce, and then fo'lIo'w o'n in loyalty to' Christ' the

Head, grander days of usefulne'ss and honour would be befo'e' her

eYen than sho ha,s Yet had

A g,lo.ry gilds t,}re sacred P'&,gO, rnaje.st'ic like the sun,

It gi"*u u, tight to everry a,ge, it gives b'ut borro'ws no'ne'Ttre hand" ttr"at gavs it stiri supprie,s the, gra,cio,us light and heat ;His truths ,rpo' tkre nati'n,s rise'-they rise but never

sr€rt''

il ;;i"-ting thanks be'Thine, fo,r such a bright display'_

As makes a wo,rld o,f darkrgs,s shine with be,arns' o'f heavenly du'y'

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LED OF THE SPIRIT TO BE TEMPTED.By Rev. Jourv M'Knn.

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rr ha* b,e,e'n said, i' la'guage of re,ma,rka,ble t,ruth and: beiaiuly,that " The,Lord Jesus re,sJ,mb"lers a prercio,us: st,ong which ha,s va,rious,points o'f radi !o"y, and from which jmany aleur*nt tights of con-so'lat'ion and joy pro,c_eed. According "to Jrr. ne,cessity o,f thecircumsta,nce,s- in whictr we ars, pla.-ud; *o*uiime,s one iid., andsometime's anotheT appea,rs pre-€rrrlinently love,ly; urra th.ru isno' situation a,nd no ernutg.u,.y in rvhich we do, not find Jes,useffica,cio,us in o,no o,f His_aspe,cts. To the bruised he,a,rt we, wouldr€pr€rsre'nt Christ as the Fribnd o,f siinn:€,rs j to ths we,ak a1d timidsoul we wo'uld sho'w him a,s the Captai" oe Sutvation,-ready toovercome all the'ir e,ne'mies I to the,

-sick a,nd affiict,ed

'Ifs is the,unwe'a,rie'd

,Physjcian I to the rnaimed and cripple tli;- tender ,Nurse; and to thos,e tre,mb,ling 9n9s who, know ,roi ho,w they aret'o stand at,the,. judgm_ent-seatlo,f God, 'w€, Gho,uld exhibit Him asthe Lord who, is ou} Righte,o,uslr€ss. 'Thus, if I *"r uo u*pr:os,s:it, our he'avs'n1t Fathe,r turn,s Christ as u pruoious sto,ne be,fo,renthe eyeu

-of ,Ifis people, accoriing to the,ir necerssities, *rrA in themirror of the re,ve'la,tio,ns makss" IIis colour- to, b,s re,flEcted; ""d'Fiu lights -come l9,rth, so,met,imes from one *iau, ;J';;metime,sfro'm a,uother. There is always 9ne side of the i*ug* or thEMe'ssiah t'urne'd to'wards .ts *oie cle,arly m_arhed than tfie o,the,rspo'r be'aiing. a more cha,racteristic stamp. It is "l;;il iii"t whichis rnost suitable to the ne,ce,ssity of thE time.',

The children of God u,lu exposed tq sany and varie,d trials,"a'ro o'fte'n in heavine,s,s through manif old temptations, and g;mourning be,ca,use of the, ossuults of the great *rre*y. It, is truemany of !hui* te'mptations or testing*,ur* directly f"; theirhe,ave,rrly Fathe,r, anb are inte,ncled to ltroue and, fu ;;ri;;;-, th;;,but' t!e'^elpe,riEnce is, fo,r the.p-rosCIrit, intensely painiul, and theeyo of faith is so dimmed wilh tears that ii ca,nno,t penetrat,Etho da'rkness and sEe the bright light beyo,rrd. The,r,e Lru, how-eYer' temptations o'f the evjl one, t6e design o,f which is e,vit and.toly eyil. Fg pgYet{ul and so fre,quent aie the attacks of Satanthat the child of God says. in his he,art, ,, I sha,ll o", Juy perishby tho h_and of the ene,rrrr.'

- At timss he is te,mpt,e,d to, [ue,g1io,,li*' ryn$ip:-:' sure,ly, ii I b,e, a child o,f' Go,d, t chould'rro,t, b,e,thus ? rlatl G:g f,orgotten to be gracious ? rrath He, in ,a,nger,thut up rlis te,nde,i me,rcie,s ?,, " T, s,uch affiicte,d, te,mpted,desponding s'ouls wE would exhibit " o??e that hatlt, been, in attPto'ints tempted ltke a,s IDe crre, _yet uztllout son.,, H;;; ;;, #;,a'spe'ct. of Christ''s cha,racter u'liich is e',xactly adapte,d- to, the,.necessitiers g'f the _te'mpted, to illuminato 1oha"t s:g,€r1rs, dark andmysterious in Go_d.* providential de,alings, and to fill th;-ir;;;with comfort and jry To Jesus, God'J own son, tnu ilil;;

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came. He was a,s much the So,n o'f God when in the wilderne,ss'as I{e wa6 wherr the Ho,ly Spirit o&rrro upor} Him and the, Fathe,rbo,re, wiinsss' t,o Him o,n- the banks o,f the Jo,rda,n. Tho,ugh Hewa,s a Son,Itre' sufferr;erfl being t,empted. It is not strange, the,re"fore', that, t,ho,se who a,re s'ons of Go,d, thro,ugh faith in ChristJosus,, should suffer being tempte,d.

Frg'm the beginning to the clo,se of Christ's e'arthly ministryHE suffere'd be'ing tempted. Temptatio,n wa,s His first expe,riernceo,rl entering on His grea,t miss'io,n as the Servant of Jehovah.Its importance in rela,tio,n to IIis after wo'rk, and in re'latio,n t,otho,se who should b,e partake,r's o,f His suffe,rings, and should fo,llowHis ste,ps, is evide'nt from the' p1a,oe which the fir'st, t,empt,at'io,noccupie's in the Gospe'ls, and fro'm the fulne'ss o,f detail.

11 the' Divine' Wo,r'd we, have' many t,empta,t,ion,s' rercro,rd,erdr butfrorm the many this one st,ands out with such pro'mine,nce B,s to'compe'l e'very re,a.der 1s speak of it,a,s, t/ue te,mptatio,n. The, o,the'rswe,r,e'ad as na,rrative,s o,f the past, s,till use,ful for wa,r'ning o,r oncour-agement,, but t,hie we fe,e'l to be s0, intimate'Iy connercte'd witho,urselves a.s to' make' it,s is,s,ues, to, be of p,eirso,nal vital and e,te,rnalimportance t,o us,. EverI went in IIis life co,nc,errns us, fo'r it wasooi for Himse,lf, b,ut, fo,r ris,, Her ca,nle to, earth. Je,susl mis,sion wa,sto deetroy the works of the de,vil. Is it, the,refo,re, to"be wo,nde,re,dat that i,f,* devil put forth s,tre,nuo,us, ,e'ffo'rt to derstroy J'ersus, ornthe very thresho,ld of His work. " Then was Je,sus led up o,f theSpirit into thE rvilderne,s,s t,o be, t,ermpted o'f the devil."

" Be'ing fo,un,d in fa,shion as a ma,n He, humblerd lfimself." Howreal thatlhumitiation which b,ega,n in His incarnation and e,ndedin the silent t,o,rnb, but how great tha,t, humiliatio,n that He who,wa,s ho,ly shot'ld allow Hims,e,lf to b,e t,empte,d of the devil ; that Hewho has, de,clared ther soul tha,t sinneth it shall die; that He whocame to sav,e, His pe,ople fro,m their sins sho,uld allow the, evil oneto suppo,se, fo,r a mo,me,nt that He co,uld b'e prevaile,d upon to, beguilty

-o,t t,trat, which He came to put away. W'e, who are sinne'rs

6y n"ature and pr:actice can fo,rm no 'ide,a of the, int,e,rrs,e anguishand lo,athing which the verry p,r'€s,err)r* sf srin fr.ust cause to a -h.lybeing. So it,range and mysteriolus the who,le sc,erne that some haveq,re*Iioned. its rJahty, but to the devil it wa,s_ t_er1i_bly re'al. Ifnot the la,st, it was' as,sure'dly his greratost and bo'ldest e,ffort t'oretain, if no,t t,o ext,e,nd, that authority which he, had usiurpe,d, andthat kingdom ove{r which he had so long ruled. _ To Jesus it wa's ''a t,errrib,l-er rrealit,I. " H'er srufferrre,d beilg te'mpt'e'd."

T'o, many the t,e,mpta,tion of Christ is unre'al be,causre they mis'conceive t,fue, gre,a,t funda,rnernt,al doct,rine o,f thg person o,f Christ'.They geiom tJfo'rgert tha,t " the L'ord Jeaus Christ,, who', be,ing the'eterynal So,n o,f God, beca,me man, and sio 'was, and co'nt'inueth tobe, God and man in two dis'tinct natures, an,d one p'erloq fo'r eYer."IIe has " a true, bo,dy and a rerasona,ble so'ul." He had a, humansoul t,o, be tempte,d, a,s, w'e,ll a,s, a human bo'dl to' suffe'r..hunge{,thirS,t,, Werarine's*S,, and de,a,th. He ha,d a human so'ul to ber " 'sxce'e'd-i*g SO,r'rO,\n ful erve{n UntO, dOathr" a,S We'll A,S &, human bOdy

t,o s,Iv'e,a,t, " a,s, it, we,r'er, $fer&,t, drops' o,f b,lo,o,d falling do,wn to, thegro'und." And yet some seerr. to think tha,t in the conflict He wass,u,sitaine'd and upheld by the Divine' Nat;uro, j if siorJe,sus cannot, be, oiur exe'mplar in the, hour rf t'e,mptalt,io,n. T'her unio,n o,f' the Dioirtur and hurnan naturrei inthe one Divine, Pe,rsrorfrr Jesus Chris,t, is an insrcruta,b,le, myst,ery,and. it 'b,u,co*es us t,o, sp,e,ak revg,rsnlry in rri&,t,t,e,i'sr .to,ohigh for usr. It w,as; howeverr', o,n ,era,rth, in the human s,phergand in human na,ture! that IIis, grea,t work was, a,ccomplished, andt,o ove'rlo,ok His, truer humanity is, to make IIis work unreal. Itwa,s as matrr that the S,pirit wasr give'n t,o, Himr &rs marr that He, waste,mpte,d, as man that Ho wept, a,s man He has left us a,rl examp,le,that we' should flo,llow His' steps,, a,s ma,n tha,t He o,beyed, suffered,and die,d, &rsr rrl&,n, Hei fulfilled all right,erorrgrnerggi. Vierw Him, ho,w-,sYer', merely as nl,a,n, the,n His whole do,ing is a life of righf,grs,sgll,gs:srf.or H'imself , but visw Him as the God-man, a Diviner Pe,rson, thenwe have, a, right,e,ousnegrsr which is sufficie,nt fo,r all who, 'r,e,ce,ivCIIlirn ars their Savio,ur and rerst, up,on Him alone, f o,r salvation.Jesusr sto,o,d' in ,exa.ctly the srE[,rrrer poslt'io,n in r.e,1a,t,io,n to, teimptation8,,s, the' first Ada,m. The isrsue 'w&,s; differe,nt,. The' o,ne wasdefe,ated, the other victorio'rls'. He s,to,o,d in t,her s,ame po,sition that,we srt,an;d in whe,n assaulterd by Sat,an, with ther ons imp,o'rt,ant,,exceptrion that IIe' wa,s witho,ut s,in. In tha,t, r,erspe'ct, wo &,r0, 8,,t, &,,,disa,dvantage5 fo'r Satan fi.nds much in us to, as'sisti in giving him,the victo,rF. But, thernr, we may ava,il .o,urse'lve,s o,f ther ve,ry sa,meweaponsr o,f de,flernce, that, werrs u's,ed, and sruccersrsfully us,erd, by Je,sus

-self-de'nia'1, facting, prray,err, fa,it,h, and the siword o'f ther Spirit,

wlrich is the, Word of Go,d It,is ttsritten" ars the' fir'sf, perco'rdedwords spoken by Christ, in beginning tha,t, life of co'nfiict andsuffering which e,nde,d with the wo,rds' o'f victorX, " ft is finishe,d.1'So must the, Christian, €Dco,urage,d by the,exa,mple' o'f Jersusrr inpra,y,e,r and, fa,ith, ta,he, the Swo,rd o,f the' Spirit, lo,oking unt,o, Himwho w&,s, in all po,int,s te,mpted like a,s we &rrer: and who isr a,b,le, t,osuccour the,rn tha,t ars t,e'mpt,e'dr'then ehall we, b'e, " mo,r,e' than con-,que,ro,rs through Him that love,d us,."

T'he, tempta,tio,n in the wilde'rn€rsrs w&s clo,s:glX conne,ct,e'd with,"and conseque,nt o'n, His public official fls'srignat,io,n and eerng;ererra,tionrto the Me,ssiahship on the banks o,f the Jo'r'dan. It, isr no't s'trangertha,t the ad,ve,rsary should cho'ose, that a,s ther rno,st, s'uitab,ler place,&nd t,imer fo'r making his a,tt,a,ck, but it, flsgrgr sieerm s,trang:e, tha,t'that should be the, time, and place spe,cia,lly cho,sren by the' Spirit'for bringing IIim into co,nflict, with the' gre,a,t e,rre'my of God andman.

For thirty yerars Je,s,us had live,d in comp,arative obsicurity. Atthe a,g'e, o,f f,rve,tv,er )rea,rsi w's find Him in the t,emp,le, in t,he *idut o'fthe do,ot,o,rs a,st,o,nishing all who he,a,r'd Him a,t, Hiis, unde'rstandingand a,n6wers. The history of t,he, eighte,e,n /oorsr tha,t, fo,llo'w is,Summe,d Up, in the b,rief S,tat,e,ilIent-t' JesuSr inCre,arS,e'd in wiSdOmand st,a,ture,, B,,frd in favo,ur witlr God a,n-d rnan." Her ha,s' now;atta,in,e,d the legal ags fo,r e,nte'ring orrl pub,lic o,fficg f'or be'ing

'fi-{rd

il

II

I

4!8 Tnn Rnronlrnn PnnssyrERrAN Wrrxnss.

engage,d more' fully " a,bo,ut His Fathe,r's business." So, lo,ng asJe,sus lived quie,tly at Na,za.reth, we re'a,d of no termptat,io,ns,, butlso s;ocn a,s I{e' hae b,e,e'n ds,grignat,e'd, wit,nesrsed t,o, and fitte,d by thelanointing o,f the Itroly Spirit fo,r e'ngaging in the, wo,rk thai had!,tul give,n Him to do,, S,a,ta,n is a,t, hand, and t,ha,t co,nflict, begunirr the wilde'rne'ss', o,nly ended in the, victo'ry o,n the, C'r'o's,s, a,ndlhetriumphant g,g,g'grngrig,n.

As with Christ, s,o, with the Christia,n:. So, long a,s wo are, not,actively engage,d in doing ther work to, which God has calle,d us,wer may be erx,empt fro,m the, tie,rce,r o,nslaughts c'f the, evil orlle,, but,let us take a,n o,nwa,r,d ,ste,p,, le,t, us reralise, rrro.r,o fully olrr duty andl'.gspo_lsibilities a,nd a,ct a,cco'rdingll, then it will be ne,cessa,ry,lihs l{'e,he,miah's buildenrs,, wit,h o,ne hand to do, the' work to, which

illol'l iil r:i: ;'' n Hl, :'*. i *ru I in iffi$ i:. iJ|. ft J";;n "'ilnright o,f hell. Ta,k'e, one whos,e lips have, b,e,e,n to,uche'd with a-live, cors.l fro'm the a]ta,r, and wtro go,ers forth t,o, his app,orinte'd wo,rk',' clAd with zeal &s Er, clo,ak." How many will lo,ok a.skance, a,t him ;ho,w many ba,se insinuations; how many vile, slanderis, a.nd all fromtho's,e who ought' to, have bee'n friends and he'lpersi. fn igno,ra,rrce,,it, rna,y b,e do,ng,, b'ut such opposition is of the devil, who,e've,r rna,ybe, the, age,nt,s'. Sa,tan ha,s rro,thing to fe'ar from campfollowe,rs,nor fro'm tho'se, who stand me,rely on the, de,fe,nsive,. The Churchrnust conserae the truth, but it is also her duty t,o, d,iffuse thetruth. She must, hold fast, but she must also hold forth the' wordof life. Only thus can " th,e, kingdo,ms o,f the world and the' gloryo,f t,he,m " be wrest,ed fr,om Satan. The'n the, grerat, ysissrgr iuhe'ave'n shall be he,a,rd on e'a,rth, a,s in hea,vern, p,ro,claiming*" The kingdorm o'f the' world is b,e'co,me th,e kingdom of our Lo,rda,nd o,f His Christ; and He, shall re,ign for eve,r" and e,ver."

The' ba,p,tism o,f Je'sus, had be,e'n a, se'aso,n of spiritual re,fre,shme,nt.and greaf joy. He ]rad the witne,sis and approving reco,gnitiono'f Hi's So,nship fro,m the lips o,f I-Iis tr'a,the,r, a,nd on Him the HoIySpirit had bee'n be,stowe,d in riche,st abunda,il.c€,. " Th,en was He

L1*JL:[JH"if;ili1ff u"'Hl,l:$'""f#i*'Ti;;',Tl'1:#H'*into' the wilderneis;s'. And He, was the're in the wilde,rne'ss fo,rt,y'days t,empte,d of Sa,t,a,n, and was with the, wild be'asts." It hasev,err b,e,en Sat,an's wont to att,e,nrpt,grera,t things in the ca,sie of, tho's,e,who have e,njoyed, o'r a,r,e a,b,o,ut, to ernjoy, distinguiehing privile,ge,sand favo,urs fro,m their he,ave,nly F athe,r. So, we nere,d fio,t thinkit st,ra,nge co'rrcerrning the trial which tried Je,sus, a,s though so,mestrange thing had happe,nerd unto' Him, fo'r He' w&,s ma,de like, untoHis bre,thren, and wa,s' in all points te'rnpte'd like 8.,s, wo ar€l, yetwitho,ut sin. Bunya,n is true to our spiritual ,exp,e,riences whe,nhe puts the \ralley of Humiliatio,n s,r i..,o, to, uua just beyondth,e s,t'a,t,e,ly p,alacer Be,au'tiful, a,nd rCIpr'€,se,nts C'hris,t,ian in deradl;tco,nflict rvith Apollyon irnme,diate,ly a,ft,e,r having enjoyed the

;::-,,11:,"i:ltr" isilr:lii-lt llt'; Sarac e satan and rris age*':

Lnn oF fEE Sprnrr ro BE Tnlrprnp. 44g

^ Wh{ do,es o,ur Jroave,nly Father. rernove, a,s it, werr,% the, he,dggfrom a,bo,ut His, childr'ein a,t such time,s *od allo,w Satan to buffe?,lo !,e,mpt, them ? \Mer c&,rrrlort, knolv. We can only guersrs. But asGod prerpares l{is people for ho,no,ur by a,basing i,n!*, so does H;prepare them fo'r ther Yalley of Humiliation ind the' a,ss,aults o,fApoillon by re,fre,shing them--the Jo,rdan befo,re the wilde,rnerss.The Mount o,f rransfigura,tio,n befo,r,o Gethse,rrrg,,fro. on the othe,rhand, s€ra,s,o,ns of co,rflrrf unio,n a,nd spiritual p,rosp,erity to,o,freque-ntly exalt a,nd le,ad to se,lf-s,e,curiiy. Jusi as 'thos,e who,have b'er€rr accttsto*uq to pove,rty have "a tendency to be,co,meproud o,n beco'rning rich, and to act as if they cotild neve,r againlxPerriernce poverrfv. Such se,lf-eecurity is ; t,errnpt,atio,n to, thede,vil to a,ttack us,, jus,t as the open door or the, uniockerd s,afe is ate'mpt,atio,n to' the thi'ef tg put forth his hand to, st,eal. ,, rn myprosperity I said I shall ne,ver b,e, rnoye,d,,, said David, orrd

irT.''**:g'J;f hT'.HHfr{;f,i;:rrtffi $f,'l':il,ff T,J*,??Thee, Jet will f not deny_ The,e,.,i And imm6diately they a,ll fopso'o,lr Him and fle,d, and Pe,t,e,r derniecl IIim. ,'L,e,t nir11 ttratthinke,th he st,a,nde,th take, he,e,d leat he, fa,ll.,,

Tle pla,ce' o'f the te,mptatio,n was a wilde,rnerss, in so,litude, alo,n,E," a'nd o,f the p.'gplg, the're' wag no,ne with Me."

- How many thers

are.r,vho think .if theq could only get awa,y from tho *oi"y andanxiety o$ bus,in,ess, from the' to,il-of ,e,arning daily br,e,a,d, fromthe cro,wd a,nd bust,l.e, of the city to the quie,t und pea,ce o,f thec9,r13try, that the,1' rvo,uld b,s' fyg,g,d fro,m ma,ny o,f the t,e,mptationsof life'. He,rmits ha,v,o so,ught the solitude' o,f-the de,se,rt, but theyco,uld no,t escaps fIoT their own evil he,art,s,, evil tho,ughts, *ohtJr* te,mptat,io,ns, o,f the, devil. The he,rmit i* puting h-irnself inthe way o,f tempta,t,io,n, fo'r Go,d nerve,r inte,nded .tJ to live insolit,ude a,nd shirk t,lte dut,ies' which we owo to o,Lrr fe'llow-msna,E u'e'll ac' to, Go,d. It is in so'litude that the Christian most,frequen_tJy g,*perie,nc_e's the fierce,st o,nse,ts o,f the a,dve,rsary, and itis in so,litude' that the b,attle ha,s t,o, be, fo,ught and woin. In t"heclos,e,t, whe,n the do,or is shut, the child o'f God wrestle,s, o,ve,rcotmes,and, in public, he sho,rvs in hi.s walk tha,t he has overco,1lor.

It, is worthy_ o,f noto that while Jesus ca,mo t,o de,s,troy Satan'skingdom, He' did ryt pr€rsulxpt,uo,usly put Hims,e,lf in the way ofthe adve'rsary H,e' 'wa,s led o,f ths Spirit." We, can unde,rstand!h* Spirit le,a,ding' usl int,o' grree,n pa,st,ures, o,r, by still watersi, o,rleading us into truth, b,ut, we canno,t so e,a,sily unde,rstand theSpirit leading us to, b,e, te,mp,te,d of the' devil.

- Mo,re, frerqu,ently

; :. g"J;l 3 fffrfJl T;xrm H Ji:"j,xt"$ ?i Jt'o |,fi'll; Jil;ha,ve le,s,s, orcca,sion to co,nfe'ss that iniquitie,s pre,vail aga,ins,t usr.But still the fact remains that the Spirit did lea,d Jesus t,o, bete,mpte,d. T'he Ho,ly Spirit, do,e,s, not, u""a cannot, te,mpt, but He,oan, a,nd. do,ers,, bring into circume,tances, a,nd p,la,ce,sr, wh,em termpt,a-tio,n ie perrrnitted,. In C'hrist's case, it wa,s an impo,rtant, part o,ftha't mo,ral suffering by which He was qualifisd o,rlfit,ted to b,e, an

450 Tgn Rnronvrn-o PnnsBnrERrAN JMIINESS.

High Priest who can b,e to,uche,d with the, fe,elin$ o,f our infirmitios,b,ecaus,e, H,e, wa,s in all point,s, t,empt,e,d like as we aret. I{o'w, ifthe Spirit lerads; usr in the way of duty or Christian wo,rk intoplace,s o,r circumstances wherer ws are certain to' be t,e'mpted, Ietus folJow, loo,king to the sympathy an.d s,treng'th o'f Him whoha,ssuffe'red being te,mpte,d, and who is ahle t,o' succour the t,e,rnpted,He who felt tho po'werr, t,he, a,g'o,n)r of t,ermp,tation has taught ust,o pr.ay, " Laad us no,t into te,mpt,atio,n, but de,liver us from evil."And in view o,f His own agony, He e'njo,ine'd up'on us to' " Wa,t,ch,and pray that ye ente,r not into, te'mptatio'n."

ISAIAH-ONE OR SEVERAL ?-No. 2.By Re'v. Pro,fesso,r Lrwo, D.D.

Lm us no,t,o in this, art,iclo the growtzds on wh'ich aclaanced crittcs"cleny tlt,e un,ity of tlt,e book of I sa,'iah. And thes,e we shall_prese,ntin the wo,rds of the l,ate Pro,fe's'sor A. B. Davidso'n, o,ne o'f the mo'stnrode,ra,te and ca,utious, a,dvocate's of the theory of two orr morelwrit,e,rs o,f the, bo,ok. " L pro,phet,ic write,r," he, s'ays, " alwaygrnakes the bas,is of h,is prophecies tlte h'istorical Ttos'it'ion 'in uh'ichhe h,'imself is pla,cecl. .age is known lonstantly refe,rring t,o, the co,nditio'ns of the timerifr which they live*d., utta to, the cont,e'mp'o'ra,ry kingdo'ms aro'undf srae,l, an,C f ouncLing tlte'ir prophet'ic speeches upon these !U?gl:'And Dr. Davidso* qt",te,s, wit'n a,p'proval, the' languagg ol Bleek:*.( The proph,et,s, dlring therir inspiratio'n, always re'tained a cle3,rconsciog jra,J*, and. in 1,hs'ir conscio,us,ness we,rrs nerverr me'ntallyiso,la,t,e,d from the' ,exte,rnal c,ircums't,ances surfounding the'rn.t'" The,r'g,f grygrr" he, co'nt,inue,s,, " whe,n wer rea,d prop'hgrgigisrl a's' in- t'!*srerco,fid half o,f Isaiah, in which the pe,ople a,re told tha,t the'irwa,rfa,re is fulfille'd and the,ir siorf'o'ws a,r'e a,t, an e'nd,; in whichJehovah, having ca,st off His p'oople, fo'r ,a, time', n9w rre'turnsr t;or"the,m in e,verluuTiog meircy and pledge,s Hims'e'lf 1.o fsrerd His flo'ckfor over hk; ^ sh8phe"d;

in *i.i.h"Cyrus is, int,r'o,duce'd, and inwhich 'wo find the e,xile,s a,ddre,ss,e'd- thus, '-( Q6' )re fo'rth ofBa,bylon, fle'e y,e from the, Chalder&,Irs, lay y'e the L'o'r'd hathrede"eme,d His $e,rvant, Ja,Co,br' t,he, co,nclus,io'n t'o' be dfawn isi thatthe autho'r o,f tho prophe,cie,s, 'was a contenlporctry of the eni,le a'ndo,f Zign's de,so,la6ibn j tha,t he ta'itnessed the career of Cyrws; ilshort,, that he p'ro,phes,ied to,wards' the clo's'e' o'f the' C-aptivity, |}q:saw ilrt doy oi lirael's rhel'iaera,nce beg'innr-f g to cJs,'u)n'" OIdT,e,sta,msnt Prophecy, pp. 245-217. T'he italics &,I'€r o'urs'.

This is a .*,116* "f prcphe,tical crit,icis,m fully accerpt;e,d" and co,nfi*

de,nt,ly ainnounce,d ny t,ne, Highe'r C',ritica,l S,cho,ol. Of, c'o,ursre', therapflilutio,n o,f the p,rinciplu f"ot' co,nfinre,d t,o, ther bo,ok of Isa'iah.Ii iu extended to the bo,ok off. Ze,chariah, and pla,ces, the' latt,e'r part

fsarag-Orvn oB, Snvmnal, ? 451"

of that book (chapt,ersr ix.-xiv.) 200 years la,t;err t,han the buildingo,f the te,mplo whern the p'ropherciers o'f the first, part w€,ro spoke,nltio'the b'ook o,f Daniel, and pla,c,e6, that in the Maccabrean pe,rio'dnabo,ut 160 ts.c., ins,t,ea,d of the, exilic period 590-540 8.c.,- whe,re,the lvrit,e,r o,f t,he b,o,ok hims'e,lf puts it,; and, ind,e'e,d, t,o all therpro'ph.e,t,ic b,o,oks,. And ma,ny fact,s can b,e, a,dduoed in s,upp,ort o,fit. But if there a,r,e, fa,ct,s which will not fit in with this rul,e, what,beco'me's o,f it ? For a canorn o,r la,w of this so,r't is, nothing mo,reuthan a gerne,ralis,ation fi.o,m perti,nent fa,ct,s. And 'it mus,t be inharmo,ny with all the, fact,s; no,t with s'oms o,f t,he,m o,r ery',ern a,majority o,f the'rn, but with all of the'm. If one 'we,r'o t,o, dercla,retha,t ,e'vory gent,lerna,n in London wore, a frock co,a,t o,r went, t,o,busine'ss in a ha,nso,rrr CIyory day, it wo,uld no,t pro,ve the, srt,a,terrnerrtto, be able to S'ho,w a huldpe,d o,r & tho,us,and gontlermen who, Sotflrg,srsed o,r w,ent to business. If sorne, o,11o

"",ri8 s,ho,w tha,t, the're

w,erre five, gerntleme,n who wore sack coats5 o,r weint t,o, bus,ines,s' bythe 'bus, t,h'e srt,at,erment, o,f the fo,rm'e,r w,o,uld b,e, sho,,wn to' b,e, o,nly aha'sty gerne,ra,lis,at,io,n at va,r'iance with p,e,rt,ine,nt, fa,cts'. So, if wefca,n sho,w a?Lg instance's in which tho pro,phe,t,ic writ,e,r do,e,$ rrortmake, the histo,rical p,o's,it,ion in which he, himseilf is placed theba,sis, o,f his prophe,cy, the wo,rth o,f this much-userd canon ofprop'lre,tic inte'rprbtatio'n is invalidate,d.. Can w€ produce, anyinst,anc,ers in whieh the' pro,phe,t do,e,s no't fo,und his pr.ophe'tic'sp'e'e,ch upon t,he' co,nditio,n of the' t,ime in which he, live,d !

We find in the clo'sing ve'rs'e,s o,f chapt,or xxxix. of this book aprophecy distinctly at,t'ribute,d to, Is,a,iah. Aft,e'r Herzekia,n'-sreco,verJr fr'o'm his illners's' the' King o,f Babylo,n s,€rrt, messerngeil"sb,e,a,ring his co,ngra,tula,tio,ns to, the' King o'f Judah. Heaekiah w'a,sfla,tt,e,red, and srhs,\4r'grfl ther amba,s'sa,do,r's fro'm tsabylo,n all hisf,1grs,g:sy,srs,. And Is'aia,h the,rr de'clare,d t,ha,t the d*y wo,uld co,mswhe,n a,ll the,s'er t,reasurersr wo,uld b,e, oa,rri'e'd to Ba,bylo,n; and thede,seendant,s o,f Heaekiah s'hould be e,unuchs, in the' palaco of thetKing o'f Ba,bylo,n. I sub,rnit that he,r'e the prophe,t Isaiah wusm,entally i,so,lat,ed fro,m the' ext,e'rna,L circusr,stances surro,undinghim; that h'e, did ,t?,ot forrnd hi,sr prophe,tic spee,ch o,n tho co'ndit'ionsof the. time in which h,e' live,d, and of the' co'nt,ermp,o,ra,ry kingdorms.The'propheoy wa,s from 110 to' 120 ye,ars b,e'fore,t,he event fo,rt'ero'lcl"The pro,phot ge'fls so fa,r away fro,m the, his't,o,rical positio,n in whiohhe, hims'e'lf is place'd. Itre' is empowetr'e,d t,o, fore,te,ll wha,t tr"i,ers II0,o,T L20 ye,ars in the futurCI. How comes it that', b'e'ing able t,o,s'perak with all co,nfid,ernce o,f a gr.e'a,t ,e'vent tha,t lies a,b s'uch , adi.stance', he ca,nno,t, und,er th,e, s,&,rr.€r influeurce, sp'e,ak of an e'verntthat lies 60 or 70 y,e'ars furt,he'r on ? Is ilot the' impo,sit,ion o'f lsucha timo limit s,om'eryrha,t :arb'i.fuary ? This one ins't'ance' fro'm thoprophet who'se wo,rk is under corrs'ide,rat,io'n co,ntr,a,dict,s the, c'riti'c'scanon. And whe'n '?., f act co,nt,radicts aR hypoth.es'is, it is thela,t,t,e,r, no't the fo,rrner, that is disprove'd.

tr'ro,m ttris book o,f Is'aia,h take, anothe'r instanc,et Chapt,e,rsxiii.-xiv. 23 a,I's a prophe,cy rega,rding the, overthr:ow of Babylo,n.

, And it was thie that pre,p,are,d tho way for the' re'turn frorn exi!,e

rt-r li.

452 Tsn Rnronmnn PnnsgyrnRraN Wrrxnss.

and rna,de it po,ss,ible. And this prophercy is heade,d, ,, Tho burde,n'o,f Babylo,n *hictr rs'a,ia,h, the *r* or Ainou, clid s,€,o.,, This willnot fit in with the critic's the'ory. Therefiore, what ? An a,cknorw-lodgment that the therory is contra,dict,e,d by t,he fa,ct ?-No,. Theo&fi,on must be true,, t,ho,ugh the, writer o,f the,s,e cha,p,t,ers b,e p,r,oveda liar. Dr. Ge,orge Ada,m Smith sa,ys of this ^s,e,ctio,n- -,, This{Igpft*,cy evidently ca,m,e t,o, a pe,op,l,e alie,ady in captivity-a, very.cliffer,e'nt circumstance o,f th,e Church o,f G;,d fro,m that in whichwe ha,ve sere{ni he,r under fsra,iah." Somebody is a,t va,ria,nce withfact herE. W,e a,rer una,bl,e, to be,liev,e that it is t,he rvriter of thesechapters. He wo,uld have forerein found o.ut for the, ro,gue andirnpost,o,r tha,t he' was if t,he mo,dern critic is, co,rrerct. n"u,t wha,tb,€rcorlf€,s o'f the critical cano'n, unless tha,t first v€,rs,o o,f ch;apf,errxiii.-, " The b'ur,den o,f Babylo,n whiclr f sa,iah, th,e son o,f Amozr- didS,e,Ortt he' a, ffa,Ud ?

T[e, taher 'o,no o,the'r ins,tanc+-this from th.e, I{ew Tes,tame,nt,.The conditions of prophecy ar,e tho same here a,s in the OtdTers'tame,nt,. In hi; epi'stlb t,o, the Ro,ma,ns Pa,ul pr.e,dicts thereceptio,n of t,her Je,ws into the Christ,ia,n Church, de,claring that,this shall b,e t,o the, Church a,s life fro,m the,d,e,ad. Almost, 1900.y,erairs have pa,ssod since' that p,r'edictio,n was, writt,e'n, B,td it st,illawait,s its fulfilment. Can it ber s,aid tha:t Paul wasi ma,king thehistorica,l po'sition in which he himself was placed the basis o,f hisprophecy'? Or tha,t, he' w:a,,s not me,ntally isolat,e,d fro,m the circum-:$ta,ncers surrounding him ? He,r,e is a fact that will not squarewith the crit,ic's hypothe,sis. We know t,he t,ime and circum-stance,s o,f the pro,phecy. We knorv the conditio,ns we,r,e no't sruch

#-';";.: :flTi'L :H |["fllTJ;r,*H,X,"1""fi.,*,'ffi jH: ffi- #,#the' .Iew ha,s b'e'e'n brought in with the fuhlerss of the' Gentils, ther,emay b,e critics who sh-all say-T'ha,t prophecy canno,t have be,enspoken by Paul. Th'e,ro was not,hing in his surro,urdings tors:uSg€iSt it,. ft wa,s writ,t,e,n by s'omg onei-we,know not by whorn-who'

liyerd at, the, t,ime the ve,il wa's t,akern off the, he,atrt,s o'f t,heJews. And it, wa,s in't,ro,duce,d a's z, pre,dictio,n of the gre,a,tApo,st,le2s, while in reality it is a piec,e o,f cont,e,mpo,rary his,t,o,ry.Why, or ho,w, o,f by who,m it, w&,s do,n€r: we, kno,w no,t. But, it, isnot Paul's, fo,r " a, pro,phe,t,ic writ,er always, make,s the' b,a,sis, o,f hisprophe'ci,ersr the, historical po,sit,io,n in which he' himse'lf is, p'laced."Again, we, a,sk, what be,co'm,e's of t,hisr cano,n, a, hypo'the,sis, co,ntrB.,-'dicte,d by fa,ct ? But the,n, it is 8,, we'a,,p'oo o'f s'cie,ntific criticis,m.Scie,rrtific ! A*y ma,n o,f scie,nc,e' who' wo,uld p'Iay so, loroser withfa,cts would be laughe'd o'ut, o,f c,o,urt,. fs, it, s,o, tha,t inr the' mo,dern,critical school th,e'r'e is no,t amo,ng a,ll its scho,larsr ons who, und,e'r',s,tands the A B CI o,f ind.uctiv,e logic'!

But we havo another indict'me,nt a,ga,inst this theory o'f pro,phe'cyand its users. ft ove,rlo,o,ks an e,le,me'nt in p,r,ophecy to which theScriptulers give the principal place. It lo'oks only a,t the' pro'phet*ths ma,n, the human factor. The God who' se'nds His m,essagethrough the holy man remains, if not unco,nsidere,d, in such a

fs,rrall-Onr: on Snvnnar, ? 453

subo'rdinate po,sitio,n a,s scarce,ly o'r at all to c,o,rfi.e, int,o, vierw.Ilnrphasis is laid o,rr the fact that the prophe,t wa$ a,n e,thicalt,e,;ucher, a r,eformEr o,f t,h,e moralsr o,f hfi ti**, that he wa* infullest slmpat,hy with his merss&go: that it came fro,m hisi herart.AII o,f which is unques,t,io,ne,d uod unquestionable,. The, pro,phe,twa,s not like' a dead pipo to be playe! upo,rr inde,pende,nl;lf o,f hiuown conscious'ness, sympathyr_ or vo,litio,n, but B, rrrB,,1 liiing andawak'e, a,nd nerYer rrlorCI s'o, tha,n whe,n utte,ring his, proph"ercie,s,.But th,e fa,ct is;el_egated t,o, t,he, b,ackgro,urd thatlthe, poopl*6, wa,srthe, serrvant o'f God, a,nd t,ha,t, the, God'l"ho, knows the, .*a iro* t,heF9,Si"*ing re've,alerd His s,ecre,t, unto His se,rvant, and co,nst,itut,ed.hirn the, me,dium of such vrs,vg,ls,f,io,nrs, of His, purpors,€i 8,s in Hisinfinite wisdo,m and grac.s He saw goo,d to, $i"u to tho,s,e, whohea,rd the prophert, and to tho,s,e, who should .otiu after the,m.

Wha,t is th,E lr{ew x',ers;ta,ment, vie,w o'f t,he, pro,phert, ? He is a,holy mal Th": sp,e,aks: as he' is mo,ve,d. by the

^Ho,ly Spirit. Thethings w_hicfr the plqphe'ts predictsd concerning the Gospel " Godpro,inis,e,d afo,re by His prophe,t,s in the, holy Siriptur.,..i ,, Go,d,aj silnc]r[ time,s,, and in diverrs ma,nners, spake in time' past untothe' fa,the,rs bI the prophe,tc." " The prophe,ts si€,ir,rch€,d wha,t o,nwhat manner o,f time !hu' Fpirit that

- *as, in the,m did signify,

w-he,n HE sp_o,ke, be,fo,re,hand bf the, suffe,rings o,f Chris,t, u*E theglo'ry that should fo,llo,w. And it wa,s, re,veal,ed t,o, therm that, no,tunto t,hems,e,lve,s, but unt,o us t,hey did ministe,r,." And wit,h t,hisvie'rv t,hg c,onsciousnes,s o'f t,he proph,ert;s the,msie,lvee, a,€re,ersi, &,si 'wio

{t,d Jlgrq_uCI"tl{ expre,sse,d. " Thus s'aith the Lord " (-oo, ora,cle, o,fthe Lo,rd it_ is), in_t,rodtrcers, rrr&,rll o,f their sayings. 'Isaiah's

p,rr€r*clictio,n to He,,zekiah of the ca,ptivity in Ba,bylonls, prefa,ce,d. t,[rus," He'a,r the wo,rd of t,he, Lo'rd o,f houst,s,." David say^s', " T'he, Ro,chof fsrae,l spake, by me,." The, vi,e,w o,f prophe,cl pr,6rse,nt,e,d. here inOld Test,a,ment and l\e,w is ve,ry diffe,re,nt frbm that pre,s,ent,edby many o,f the' critics. And it, no,t only le,ave,s, room fo,r th,e,pre'dict'ion of ,e,ve,nts that lio far in the future, but it te,a,chers, t,hatthis is one o,f the, r'.rrors,t impo'rta,nt funct,io,ns' o,f prophecy. Acco,rd-ing t9 the Scriptures t,he,ms,e'lve,s, prophecy is no,t, o,nl;r the'rev'e,aling of the lau of Gocl fo,r r€rproof and co,rre,ct,ion andinstruct,ion in righte,ousness t,o the, rne'n of t,he pro,ph,ert's o,wn timo,but it is t,he r,eve1a,t,ion o'f the' gra,cio,us purpose of God fo,r thsco,mfo,rt, e,nco,urageme'nt, and suste'nancg of His pe,o,p,l,e' in timesthat m?y_Iie in a fa,r distant future'. " Thou ha,st,spoken o,f thys,grvant's house fo'r a lo'ng time, to, co,me,."

It s'hould be' no,te'd that the, lat,e, Profess,o,r A. B. Davidso(Irecognis,e,d the,se' two, e,1e,me,nt,s' in pro,ph,ecy. He, say$ .-rr ltrc&,filfo,t, b,o de,nied that t,here, was a Spirit of Rev,e,la,t,io,n a,ct,iv,e, inOld T'e,st'a,mernt time,s in unfo,lding truth, or tha,t the, Hebr,e,w mindmus't,, in o'rderr t,o, pr,o,duoe' ther Old Tle'sta,m,ernt, Scripture,s'r havehad re,lat,io,ns' with God o,f a,no,t,h,e,r' kind than, the, Ge,nt,ile, natio,ns,had. But this Spirit o,f Re,ve,la,t,ion mus,t hav,e, ha,d roor,CI know-ledge, than t,h,e human writ,e,r, a,nd wide,r vie,wsi; and hav's compreFhended ro,t o'nly the, who'le' soop'e, of a,ny p,a,rt,icular t,ruth, but,what

454 Tsn Rnronlrno PnnsByrEBrAN \MlrNnss.

wa,s a much rrro,r0r pro,fo,und thinS, the, whol,e scope o,f th,e, g,srnerralsche,m,er of which any particulii truth wa,s but a, fragine,nt."" The rileraning o,r r,e,fle,re,nce' in the, mind o,f the Spirit o'f Rw,ela,tionwaa diffe,r'errrt fro,m that o'f th,er He,brew writ,e,r'. Tlo, the' orno thewhol'e 'w&,g in view, the e,nd wa,sr s)ee,n in the, beginniog . . . owhile the' vieqr of the, o,the,r wa,s rr€rc€is,ssrily limit,e'd." (OIdTesta,me,nt Pro,phecy, pp. 326-327.) But is, t,h,ere not, a,, de,sc,e,nt,fro,m this whe,n he s,ays' (p. 329)-" It is the mEaning o,f theHebrew author which i" any scie,niific s'tud.y o,f ther Old TJsta,me,ntas a, prog'ress'ive un-folding of truth we, a,rs moat int,errers,te,d in'|"

So' w,er d'or no,t find oiursiolyersi p,revent,e,d, by the na,t,ure' ofprophecy from b,elie,ving tha,t H,e' who, gave His wo,rd t,o Is,aiahconceirnitg ther carrying away into, Babylon I20 /er&,r'sr befo,r,e, theevent, should give His word t,o the, sa,me p'r'o,phet, and that t'hepnophet should be qualifie,d t'o re,c,oive and utt,err the, word o'f th,oLo,rd of ho,st,s conce,r'ning the d"e'livero,noer from tha,t ca,pt,ivity 60o,r 70 y,eiars farther on. May we not reraso,nably exp,ect that,since in God's gracio'us purpo's,o the captivity wa's not to be theext,inctio,n o'f Is'r:ael, s,in'cg the,rg was, by His de'cre'e', t,o' be, &,rersto'ra,tio,n, this, should be, r'eve'aled t.o,o,? The rermnant, whotliiO,ugh atl the mo,r'al and spiritual de'ca,dence o,f the natio,n we,rrefait,hful to God musf not be le'ft hopele,s's, a,sr if the,ir sun was s,etirr darkness n,erv;err t,or b,e disp,elle,d. They must be comfo,r't,e'd, inview of the, imp,e'ndirg ca,ta,st,r'ophe,, and when the, st,r'oke fa,lls,would it be, liker ther cove,nant God t,o, r,ss'etrver the' co,mfo'rt, of hopetill the ei\r,s o,f the ,exilo, whe'n erve,ry tho'ught,ful ma,n could s,e,e, t,hedarhne,ss thinning, and to, allo,w t,wo o'r thr,er€r $€r[e'ra,tio'ns' o,f Hisrlro,st so,r'e'ly trie,d peop'le t,o live and die in igno,ranc'o of the b,ertt,e,rdoy that awa,it,e'd the'ir nat,io'n ? If ther proph'ecissr o,f ther la,t,t,e,rpart of Isaiah w,e're withhe,ld till the' exile w&s drra,wing to a, cloise,what ,a po,rtion wa,s t,he,irs who, knew that; Je,rus'alerm was, to' fall;theirs who witne,s'sed it,s overt,hrow'; theirs, who, hung their harpsorn the willo,w t,r,e,e,s and wept by Bab,el's' stre,a,rns ! T'o, have, aGod and be wit,ho'ut hop'e would have be'e,n their' Io,t. This is,the rod of ilt m,e,n.

We' find it far mo,re in koeping with the conceiption tha,t theScripturers thro,ugho'ut give, us of Isra,e,l's God and o,ur God t,o,b,e,]ie'v,e that fo,llo*ving soo,n. aft,e,r the' p,r,edic,tio'n o'f captivity incha,pte,r xxxix. ca,m,e t,he, m,ergrsfl$g o,f the, next chapt,etrt '-(( Co,mfortIe,, co,mflo'rt ;re', my pe,op,l,er, sa,ith your Go'd. Speak Jrer c;o,rnfo'r't,ablyto Jerusale'rn, and cry unto he,r that' he,r warfare' is a,ccomplished,that he,r iniquity is,-pa,rdo,ne,d." And if Isaiah, aft,e,r fo,r'e,t,e'llingthe faII o,f Je'rusalem and the, exile in Ba,bylo,n, is no,t made themessenge,r of conso,la,t,ion to tho,s,er affect,erd by ther p'r'o,spe,ct,, andb)r t'he fact whe,n it co,msisr f,6, p,a,s,s,, ther Spirit of Reve,Iation de,alswith him differently fro,m t,he, way in which He de,n,lg' with o,the,rprophe,ts' whyl fo,re,t,e,ll impe,nding do,o,rn on Isra,el fo,r the{r t,r'ansr--gre,s,sio,ns. Ho'se,a and Amo,s arer cont,empo'raries of Isa,iah. Ttr,eypour"t,ray the idolatrie's and re,be'llions of Istra,e,l a,nd .Iudah, theyrforete'Jl the t,e,rrib,lo judgme,nts, of God on th,e's'e be,caus,o o,f their

I{orns oN a CoNTTNENTAL I{or...roay, 4bFdisho'no'rir o'f Go,d and the,ir abounding vice,s,. But Ho,s,era d.eclare,sthat the valley o,f Achor shall b,e,comdu do,o,r o,f hopei AnJ Amo,s,as God's met6s,errge,r, s&fs-" I will br,pg aga,in the,'capti"itt o,f mypeop'Ie| Is1aell, lnd tl.y sh,all buitd" th; w?ste, place,si uod"inhabd.tthe,m." rt is t,rue, Dr. Ge'o,rg'e, Adarn smith #il no,t allo,w thatthe' clo'sing v€rsier$ in the, ptofhe,cy o,f Amo,s wero spo,ke,n by thaiprophe't. Hlu .rigid applica,t,io,n

- of the law t,trat, td p,*ophet

rema,ins a,mid. the' circurnsita,nce,s o,f his own time,, forrbids hirn to, doso'. But Ro,b,e'r't,so,n smith and Dr. Drive,r -uku no obje,ctio,n tothe'm. We m_ay t.aker wha,t lhuy allow us he,r,er. An4 'do,ing so,we se,s that t,he, pro,phe,t,sr w'hg, a,r,s a,ut.horis,e,d. to,&ooo,Llnco theimpe'nding doom o,f Jorus'ale,m a,r,e, autho,rised also t,o, a,nnorulc,er herrre'sto'ratio'n. W'e s'ere, no rera,sjo,n t,o, sup,Fo,sre, f,fuu,tr limitat,io,ns, we[lerimpo:se,d upon Isa,iah which werre, no,t i*pns"d upon co,nt,ermporar,)rpropherts.

tn tfre next article it is prop,osed to, a,dduce evi:dence, flom thebook o,f fs,aiah it,self in aupport o,f its unity.

NOTES ON A CONTII.IENTAL HOLIDAY.tsy J. l{. S.

Nu.yng

At the fro,ntier of Frail.c'o r,ve ha,d o,nc,e mo,re t,o go through thecus,t,orn rro,use. This time they chalke,d o,ur bagJ a,s we hlrriedpast witho,ut evert asking us to, 9pe'n therm. Oie young g,ep;tleuman in o'ur party, howevsr, wa,s' aske,d to, ermpty his valiss"fr6,m theve,ry botto,m, and we t,e,a,sed him aft,e,r a,bout be,ing take,n foran anarchist.__

T'h,e' 4uy wasr ,nearly do,ne, whe,n wro re,a,ch,erd. Paris, the, Eiffel'To,.l,ve'r fir's't ca,tching ouf eye a,s w-€r g,nfe,r,e,d, the, s,t,atio,n. A fe,wminut,e,s' dr_iye, bro,ught us to, the Ho,tel Do,minici, which is,sit,ua,,t,e'd within a sho,r,t dista,nce, o'f the' garde,ns of the Tuilerie,syand so, w,e were in the, v_ery heart, o,f the,Tre,nch capit,al.

I{er1i du,y was Sa,b'ba,th, but one is, i1 dang,s,r o,f io,rg,e,tting therdul o'f re,s_t in Paris, for th,e're' is' no, diffe,r,e,ncie, on thg io,rd's"Day,unle's,s pe,rhaps, that the, s'treerts; arei ga,yer an,d t,her p,leasurers,e,e,kgisr,mo,r1e numerro,us, if t,hat, is po,s,s,ib1,e'. A co,ns,[ant, strearn o,fca,rriage,s po'ured alo,ng t,he' boule'va,r,ds, a,nd the, no,iser o,n ther,st,re,ertsr n,ev.err c,e,a,sgd night ,o,r duy, What &, co,ntrast this," madding crowd:" the, lif e of this

_ gtuut, city, t,o ther sio,litary

glaqdeyr-and ther awful stillne,ss o,f th"e, Atpine,"world wer had lus'tIe,ft ! In thei morning t,wo o,f us wernt, to, the, No,tre, Datrfle,. it, issit,ua,t,e,d on an is,land calle'd La Cite, fo,rm,e,d by thei par,tiing o,f the,Seine', which flows, through Paris, cutting it into, two, "almo,stequal parta. At ther erntrance to, the grand-a,isle of the' Cratherdralan o'ld rrl&,rtr s'at, ho'lding a brush in his hand, with which he,sprinkled lhu wo'rshipperrs: with ho,ly wa,te,r a,$ they ,e,nte,red.Mass

- wasj just oy,e,r, an-d ,e,laborate' prepara,tiory]s wsre go,ing o{r

for wha,t, t,urned out to, ber the fune,rat o'f a Marquis wh,o, [a,d f,u,.,o

It

456 Tlrp Rnronlrnn PnrssvrERIAN WttNrSS.

asSassina,t,e,d. The, co,ffin was S,e;t, in the centre O'f the C'athe'dralcove,re,d with a, b,lack ve,lvet pall e,mb,r'oidere,d with s,ilver. Lighte,dca,ndlee, thr,e,o o,r fo,ur fe'ert high, w'erre sot all ro'und and o'Y€r it,hundreds o,f lighted candle's htJng fro'm the ro'of, and a' nurnbe'r o'fprie,sts in gorrgerousr ve,st,ments march ed" in_proc,e,ssio'n round it'carrying ti!h,t,6'a ta,p,e,r's, and crucifixe,s. T'housands o,f pe'ople'**o* in"thJCathe,dri,l, and the're see,med to, b,e so much h'ustle' a'nde,xCit,e,m'e[rt, am,O,ng the,m that W'g Wierg glad t,O, ge't O'Ut o'f the'crowd.

Trh,e, C'a,threrd..ral it,s,e,}f isi thg la,rge,s't, and fine'st, o'f the rerligiousbuildings of Paris. It is 426 feet' long and L64 fle'et' wide', withfive ou"ve,s running its who'le, lengttr. It has' b'e'e'n rec'erntlyr.errre,rvodr but part 6,f it datgs fro,m the t,hirt,e,e,nth and' fo'urte'e'nthce,nt,uri,e,s,. Tire, int,'e,rio,r is e,labo,rately _ de'co,ra,t,e,d, and" t,womas,s,ivs siquare towerrs crowrl the principal fa,cade, rvhich is oneof the *oJt b,e,a,utiful that ha,s .o*iu down to ua from t'he middlea,ge's.

Ther Ho,t,e,l Die,u, a, hospit;al o,f wo,rld-wide, rep'utatio'n, s'tan,dsclo,s,e, be,sids the, I{o,t,re, Da,irie,, and wo w,e,rt, irrto' it, to e'scape .thebustlei o,f ttre srtrererts, till t,he funerral pro,c€rsis,io,n passed. We' visite'ds,eve,r,al o,f the, ward's, whe,re the, sick and t'her dying -luy' A11 the'rrursrgrsi werrer fl1g1gissrfl iiX* nunsr, and the'rer wasr a crucifi,x at, the fo'o't;C ;;'th [ed' Aqain 'we were impre'ss-e'd with the 2fogsrnc€r oftho,ughts o,f a " iiving " chris,t, in the' Il,o,man catho'lic re'ligionHo,lv s;w€e,t, tlie co,nfid."e,nce, of ther 23rd Ps'alm a,t such a, timer-" rwill fe'ar no evil, for Tho'u a,rt with me'"

Be,hind the l.{o,t,re Da*e is the, Morgue' (visage'| o'r counte'nance),*frl.fr f aia no,t, visit. In it all thefbo'diers ie'cove'r'e'd fro'rn therive,r are la,id out f'o,r id,entifi.catio,n. Sluicide, isr ve,ry co'mmo'|n inPa,ris, a ftrrit, of the prevailing infidelity. On an, aver-ag'er, -ab'o'ut300 bo,die,s are, tak.rifrotu thJ S'erine' every y'e&'r, and the' Morgueis; se'ldo'm wit,ho,ut, tlvo' o'r thre'e'.

Church t,o, find it clo,s'e,d, a,nd. in the eve'ning we visit'ed -o'ns o'f thehalls o,f the, M'Alt Missio'n, a,nd he,a'r'd t'wo' Setrmon's in French'tlt*, pr,eracherrs lyerre' very earnest,, and th'er audience'r tho'ugh s'ms'll,wa$ most a,tt,errrt,ive,. H*ou t,[e good s,e,e,d is being soi]Mn, and the',"eupirrg t,im,e, will co,me. T'he l6ave'n will leave,n

-until the' who'le'

is l-eav-e'nerd.On Monday morning we hire,d. a, brake a,nd drove' r'o'und- part

o,f the, .ity.--""W; hud Y",.r, ho,rs,ss,, and gg,t turn a,b'o'ut a,t' sittingorr the, box serat b,e,s,ide,the, driver. No't the' le*a,st,intere'srt'ing parlo,f the, driver was t,o, watch ho,rv the,sie' fo'ur ho'rs'e's wrerrer managed

-"a guidod- through t,he' congeiste,d traffic o,n the' thorougl?lf: ,*t*We visited, ma,ny'-plu,..s o,f iit,grl'srst,e th.! fit.J of th,e'm being t'heMade,leine, Church. It was built by l{apo'1'e'o'n B''sr a t'e'mple' o{*' 'victo,ry, urrJ^l;' ;, co,py of I!.- Parihet otn at Athsnsi. It's *o'ofp;6..1; ove,r t,h,e, *iil building, *t+ is suppo'rlgd, oo Gre'cianii1l"* fo,rming' a s,o*t; o,f_ po,rtico all round.

- I]nder this: theito*u* C*it oiftu co,nduct thfir re,ligious, pro'cession, the o'nly p'la'ce',

I

Norps oN A ConTTNENTAL }Iolrrx.y. 457,

we \yer,e told, whe,re' the,s,e' we,rCI, tlren pe'rmitt,ed in the op,ern. Wenext, drove' into, the Pla,ce de, la Clo'nco,rde,, pass,ing the' ch,arre'dre'ma,ins' o,f th,o Co'uncil o,f Stat,e,, which, wit,h the Ho,te,l de Ville,the Pala,is o,f Justice', p,a,rt, of the Tuile,risgr, and o,the,r' pub,lic' build-ings, was, burne'd by the, C'o'mmunis,t,s, whe,n the, Germ,ans ,e{nte,1",siflPa,ris, in 1871. The Place de' la Concorde i.s the, fine,sf, squarsin Pa,ris,, a,nd ind:e,e'd in the, wc,r'ld it, is s,a,id. All round it a,r,elfigure's o,n pe,de'st,a'ls typica,l o'f th e chief townsi o,f the, E,mp,ir'e'.One, o,f t,he'rn rerp.rerse'nt;s' St,rasb,ur$', and it, was hung o,verr wit,hwreaths o,f b,e'ads and immo'r,t,e,11,e,s,, put the'r,er by pat,rio,t,ic I'rgrrch-tnen, who s,wa,rer t'ha,t, the,y will never rers,t,till St,ra,sburg is, re,s,t,o,r,ed.This, re'ca,lle,d o,Llr exp,erri€rnc€r in t,hat city. In t,he' cerntrrer o,f the,sreu&r€ st,ands the Egyptian o'be'lisk o,f Luxo,r, jus,t, ryfug,1.rsr, ino,therr days,, the guillo,tin,e' s,t,o,o,d, and whe,re' Lo,uis' XVI. and MarieAnto,inett,er and many othe,rs wt€ff€r execut,e,d, fo,r' o,ften h,a,s, this, samega,y square b,e,en washe,d with bloiod. Ilr,o,m here' w,er w€,111 to, t,hEAic de Trio,mphe, a, magnific,€rnt mo,num'e,nt, who,s'o cent,ral archis 90 f'e,e,t by 45 fe,e,t,. On b,o,th sid,ersi o,f this, I{apo,Ie,o,n's, gre,atestLr'a,tt,les, a,re depicted in alt,o're,lie,f's. T'he, sight fro,m this, po,int,is cort,a,inly onei of the, 's ightsi o'f Paris. F ourteiern bo,u,leva,rdsbranch o,ut in all direc,tions f'o,rming &, star, the, fi1e's,t,, f,h,sr grer&,tfl,verilue, of th,e, Champs E,lvs,e,Es running orrl fo,r a, dis't,ance, o,f anrile a,nd a, quart,e'r', and showing the, Pala,c,e' o,f the T'uile'rie's'through a lovb,ly vist,a o,f la,rgo and lera,fy f,yrgisrg'. T'he' eye, t,akes,ir.r at, oner glanc,e surnpt,uousr pala,ce's, co,rllmanding towe'rs,beautiful ga,rde,ns', playing fo,unta,ins, a,nd impo,sing strerertsr. Ontlre side' of the Champs, Elys,e,e,s, is the Elyse,e Palace', ther re,si-cle,ncE of the, Pre,s'ident,. We, rl€,xt, visite'd the, Palace' o'f t,he,Tro,cade,ro,: built, for t'he, exhibitio,n o,f 1878. ft, has the, large,strn usic hall 'in Paris and is ca,pa,b'le of hoiding I 5,000. Weascende,d its, t,owe,r in a, la,rge, ho,isrt, ho,lding B0 a,t, a t,ime', and hada love,ly view, Parisi with its' many palaces, its gian,t, avernueis,its love,ly garde,n;s: B,frd grerat p'arks, lying sp're,ad o,ut, be,fo,re us.Clo,se a,t ha,nd wasr the E;iffe,l 'I''o,wer, a jo,urney to ther to,p of rvhich,terke,n in f o,ur s,t,age,s by mean$ o,f a. ho'i,st, co,st' fo,ur fr'ancs,.Cro,srs,ing t[e, Se,ile' by o,ne, of itsr numsro,usr bridge'S o,r' " p,o,nt,S,"we c8.,11)e, to the, Ho,t,e,} ders, Invalides, a, [s,s,pita,l fo,r old a,nddis,a,ble,d so'ldiersr. He,re is, the maus,o'lerum co,ntaining the' co'ffin.wit,h the bo,dy o,f Na,po'leo'n Bo,una,p,a,rter. A gallery runsi ro,undthe, bo,t,to'm o,f the, maus'o,lerum s,upport,erd by t,we,lv,e, co,lo,ssalfiguresr, aod orna,me,nt,e,d rvit,h ba,s-r'e'lie,f's,. The, rvalls' & ,€, o'fpo,lishe,d granit,e, and o,n tlre,m aro inscribe,d the, na,mes of theg're,at G-dnre,ral's'. chi.e'f victo,riee'. In the ce,ntre stands t,heJarcophagus co,nt,a,ining t,he e,mb'alme,d bo,dy, and made, out, o'f arsolid b,lock of r,eddis'h-b'ro,wn granite w,e'ighing overr 60 t,o,rrs'. It'is an imp,o,sing to,mb, but, afte,r all, it isr a, to,mb,, and a,S; wo thinkof the, lif,e, and cha,ra,cter of him who s,Ie'e'p's, he'r'o, the que,s,t,ionris,es t,o the, lips, " Art thou he that, tro'ubl e 'd'1" The'n o,oe{b,egins t,o, refle'ct,, the' t,houghts' t,ake, wingsr, _and fo,r arnomert Paris' is forg,ott,e,n. TTre, mind's' €Ye, sweeps' ther a,gersl, and

'{;t , ' .,,, , ' '

458 Tso Rnrontvrno PnnsnyrERrAN \Mrrxnss.)

E$ypt, I{ineve,h, Bahylo,n, P,e,rs'ia,: Grere,cer, arrd Rome, a,rer srerern to,ris,e an.d fall. The, Pha,raohs, the' Al,exande,r,s, the, C'res'a,rsr, and thre'Na,po,leons o'f the' wor'ld paSis in rwie'w. The air isr thick with th,er.din o'f ba,t,tle', the crarsh o,f dyna,stie,s; and trhe, no'is,e of orv;er-t,urning thro,ne,s,. All is turm,o'il and co,nfusion. But in the, mids,to,f all, and ove'r all, wei serer an,o,ther thro,ne5 and H'e' t,ha,t sits onit is like the' Son of Man. On His ve,sture, and o,n His thigh ana,mo is writt,en, King of kingsr and Lo,rd o,f lords. " And I herard,a,s it w:eire, f,[gr y6,ig,gr o'f a, $f€rs,f, mult,it,ude', and B.,Sl the, vo,ice' o,fman,)r waters, a,nd as ther vo,ice' o,f mighty thunde'rings; sayingAlle,luia I fo,r the Lo'rd God o,mnipo,ternt, rerign'srf,h. L,e,t us b,e, gladand rejoicer and give, ho,no,ur to, Hirn." The,n the, cha,os' b'e,co,nre,sO,rd,e'r, and what Se'grlT1€rd b'ut 8,, t:anglerd" We'b r€rv,eralsr thei p,errflerctpatt,errn of .the, purpos,orsr of Go,d. Loo'he,d. at, thro,ugh !Ii. I'e'ns,oveiry providerncerr whe,ther a,ffe'ct,ing o,ursie'lve'sr, o,ur families,, the,.Church, ther nat,io,n, the, r,vorld, is srosfr in ita truo light. God at'the he'lm, aJ.l's' we'll.

R,ercro,ssing the Se,ine, wer cam,er to, the Lo,uvro and the, T'uile'r'ie,s,oncs two Roya,l Fala,ceisr, now oine grnerat, Natio,nal Muse'um co,n-t,aining a,, rich coll,e,ct,io,n of pa,intings', sculpt,ure, and antiquit,i,e's,at which we, ha,d hardly time ,erven t,o glanc,er. The, rrB,'rrr'os o,f thers'etwo, p,alaces a,rre int,erre'sting. Lo'ulrr,er ffr€'&,fts wo,lf, and wg &,f €rca,rrie'd bac,h to' an e,arly da,te, whe'n this, 'wB.,s a ro,;ral hunting $ersf.and s,t,o,o,d in the, midst o,f a grneat, fo,rersrt a,b'o,unding in wo,lve,sr.Ttre T'uile'riersr wB,,S built, by Clathe,rinei de M,e,dicis', whose' na,m,o is,a,sso,cia,t,erd, in history with the Duke o,f AIva' and th,e' St'.Bartho'1om,e,w ma,s;sa,cre! o,n the, p,lace whe'r,e' o,nc,g the,re' was agre,at, clay b,e,d fro,m which t'iles weir€, manufa,cture,d. Sure,ll1;hgrgie pala,cersi &,r'er fat ernorugh rerrrro'v€rd. t,o'da,I fro'm wo,lve,s, andbrich kilns, and /eit, in the, days, o,f their ro'yal spl,e'ndo,ur, didthey not, ha,rbo,ur mern and wom,ern wh,o's,e, cha,r'a,cte,r and d,e'e,ds' werret,ruly thos,e o,f rravening wolve'si, and claimed fo,r the'm a kinshipwith the, crue'l t,a,skmasrt,errs of the, Egyptia,n brick fie,lds ?

W,e, next dro,v,e' by way of the Pla,c,e de la Bastille', ther sit,CI ofthe old pris,o,n. This is the' po,int o,f grea,te'st traffic, o,n an avera,gel42,000 carriagors &nd 56,000 drau,ght ho,r'se,s passing thro'ugh thissquar'$ in the twe,nty-fo,ur ho,urst We, p'&srsi€,d the' Priso,n o,fRo,que,t,t,er, wher-e capit,al pun,is,hm,e,nt is administ,e'red to, co'nde,mne'dcriminals, the guillotine being ory] the o'ppo,sit,e' sid,e o'f the' roadfro,m the pris,o,n,, with a Sub,trerrrr&,ni€r&rr pa,SSra,€]o co,nn,eoting therm.Then we vis;it,ed the, Cermet,eiry o,f Pe,r'e la Cha,ise, the large,st of'the twernty cemert,e'ries in and o,ut,sid'e thei walls o,f Pa,ris. Itcont,a,ins overr 100 a,creisr and is name,d a,fte'r the Je,s,uit fath,e'r t,o,who'fn the gro'und o,frc,o b'e,1o'nge,d. H,e'r's many illustrio'u$ p,errsionsare burie,d, and all va,rie,t,i'e's, o,f re'ligions,, as' weill a's, all gra,de's, o,fs.o,cie'ty, a,r'o ygrpr€rs€'nted. Amo,ng o,thersr wer saw the vault o'f theRo,thschitds. Many'o,f the' t,omb,s,tonesr werrer hung with wrerathc,,and a,t, no,t, a ferw o,f ther gra,vgs wCIt'o litttre' shrine's co,ntainitgcrucifixe,s, and lighte'd candlersr.

We spernt, some timer in the Butt,ers-Chaumont Ga,rdens,. Ther'e'

1

f

I{otns oN a CoNrrxENTAr, Ilol.lnly. '4bga,r:e ma,nJr fine gard,e'ns in Paris,. The' ga,rde'ns o,f t,he Tuile,riesoccupy 7 4 a,cr'€rs,r and are b,sautifully adorned with fo,untains and

' srta,t,u,ers,. The, garde,n;sr &,t the Luxe,mbourg are: ,evern largerr. Thisa,lso wa,s ooco a, r'oyal p:a,la,ce, but isr n,o,w occupie,d bF th,e S,e'nate,,a,nd co,nt,a,ins a musreum devot,e,d to, living artiits. These gardensare bo,th laid o,ut, in regular be'ds, and straight walksi, b,ut theBut,te,s-Chaumont Garde,ns are quite diffe'rent. They o,ccupy 62acrers o,f yory irregula,r $fro,und. ThE " but,t,e,s, " o,r :knolls arerco,ve'r'€rd with shrubs a,nd flo,wers, and &n a,r't,ificial lake andcasca,de have, been made' a,mong picturesrqu€ rocks, the, who'le anarrangie'm,ent o'f wo,nde,rfully artis't,ic beauty. We re,t,urn,e'd to, thehot,e'l by the Rue, .d,e, La, Fayette, oin,e o,f t,he lo,nge'st tho'ro,ughfa,resin Paris.

The street,s in Pa,ris a,re, all be,a,utifully clea,n, and many o'f the,mare plant,e'd with treres: ,erve'ry t,reo having co,st the municipalitya,bout SB. A gre,a,t st,aff is glpf,ysgf,erd with thei mainta,ining andcle'aning o,f the, pub,lic srt're,ert'sr, a,b,o,ut, 6000 me,n, inc'ludinge,ngine,errsrr orv,errsrererrsr, t,imeke'€rpor|"g; pavio,rs,, roadrne,n, andscavernge,rsr. The'rer a,rer o,ver 5000 plugs, for wat,erring the, strse'tsr,and 400 wate,r c&rt,s. Inde,e'd, they sererlrrod t,or usr to, be, co,nrst;antly$w€rorp,ing a,nd wa,shing the,m.

On T'ue's'day we' made, 8., second erxcursrio,n, this t,ime going to,Y,er,sia,ille,sr by the, Bo,is de Boulogne, onte, o,f the, g'rera,t, pa,rksr. Itcove,rs oyer 2000 &cre,s'r and co,nta,ins the' fa,mous ra,cg coiufsiersr o,fLo,ngch,a,mp,s and Aut,e'uil, and the g'a,rderri.si o,f ther Acclimat,isa,t,ionSocie'ty, who,se mernageirie,sr, cons,errva,t,o'rieis, and a,qua,r'ium a,rgmuch freque'nte,d by p,1e'asurergre,gfrsyg. Cilumps o'f f,lgisrgi, 's,hererts'of wat,e,r, and running strerams le,nd v,a,rierty and b,eraiuty. TheGrande Cascade wa,s ons o'f the, things our guide wa,nt,e'd to, sho,wus, but unfo,rtunat,ely, the'r'e ha,d b,€iero little or rlor rain for s'eiy,erralwe,e,ks,, and whe,n wo got t,o the pla,ce it w&s t,o, s€:€r only a fe,wdro,ps o,f wat,er trickling orre,r some ro,ckst, and then wer fsritt'e,do,ur guide a,b,out his Fre,nch Niagara. We' vis,ited th,e' ruins of theRoyXt Chat'e,a,u aft St. Cloud, "a sad me,morial of the Fra,nco,-Prus,sian War'. T'hs g:&,rderns,, with theiir fin,e walksr and be,a,utif'ulflo,we,r beds, we're, in sp,le'ndid o,rde,r, but o'f the pala,ce the,re wasno,thing exc,e'pt the st,e'ps, lle,a,dirrg to, what had b'ee,n ther erntra,ncer.We u,pfirou.fr.a Ve'r's,aiil.,u thro,ulh a wide avenue o,f high branch-ing tie'e,s, and at, once, wernt to ther F'&la,cer; It is, nort no,'w a roya]pesidence, but, like, the Louyre and Tuilerie,sir is entire'l'y occupied,with histo'rical co,llectio'ns. There, ar:e thr,e,e miles of oril paintingsrepr,ersernting the' victo'r'ie's o'f the Fre'nch. (( This," said oqr guidlg',point,ing to,-o,ne of them, " is the, signing o'f the Pea;ce of Ryswickin 1697-, when Als,ace Lo,rraino'w&si ce'de'd to,Franc$ In 1871 wega,\,e it b,ack to, Ge'r'many tem,porarily." W'er srnile,d. Eve'ryioo,rn in ths pa,lace is a,ssocia,tEd with na,m,e1s c,e'1e'brat,e,d. in the pa,st,and the his'tory of tr'ra,nce is b,ro'ught vividly be'fo,r,e o'ne, " a,histo,ry !hat," as Dr. Wylie s'aJrs, " is a drama, and a drama erveirde epe,ning int,s,. t,rB,g:edy."

In a large, o,utho,user a,re the, cal'riage,s o,f Sta,te,, spe,aking o'f

460 Trp Rnnonlrnn PnnsByrERr,.tN Wttxuss.'coro'na't'io'ns a,nd marriages, 4a,Xl of spl,emdo,ur and magnific,€r1c,€i" tlu. great capital. The gaide,ns a,re very ext,ensive; and th,Efount,a,in,s,, on _which ,e,no,rmo,us we,a,lth ha,s b,e"en lavished, are bo,thnurnefo'us and _vari'e,d, and arg oirl a", gr,eat, sc&,I€r. The s,malle,ro'n,e,s are tury,qd on ,every sa,bbath, bu[ the ]arger o,n6,s play onlyol_ v:ry. spe,cial o,cca,sions. on t,he, way b,a,ck *l* su* u uit o,t th,e,o,ld fortifica,tio,ns o,f the city . u

Next mo,rning-we tqft Paris, and a,fterr a jo,urney o,f a,bo,ut fourlto,urs wCI a,rrive,d at Calaisr. Getting on blo,ard tire st,eamerr, wie,bade adie,u tg u_""-"y Fra,nc,e, and werr,e s,o,o,rr rolling o" thu, d,e,e,p.W,e did no't find the sea a,s wo had_ te,ft it, a,n,d b.,tEr* fo*g manyb'ecamo pa,infully co,ns,cious of the change,.- fn an hour urrh a halfDover was re'ache'd, and the,n we **i* carrie,d swiftly-G;;,;Lo'ndon' We wsre a,lmo.st surprised to find t tnu,t- lliu port,e,rsanswere'd us in English. It was nice to be unders'to,o,d. i visitto ttr,e Towe,r, the Na,t,io,nal Gall,e'ry, and. rrya* r;;il;;a un h,o,uror"t,wo's shopping: and looking a,t shops filled in t,he ne,xt day,

""ao,n Friday morning y: lglft-the _gr6,at_ city behind. l.hen mythoughts were turned to sco,tland-and ho,rde,.

Nur pulpit.By Rev. R. A. M'FInLANE, B.D.

2 Pet,e,r i. 10.-(( Give dilige,nce to make yo,ur calling andelectio,n surer."

Tnrs -Scripture de,als with a subje,ct of infinite impo,rtanc,e. Atstate,d pe,rio,ds the, man of busin,e,s,a ,, ta,kes st,o,ck.'i If ws have

qnl- suspicio'n i3.re,gard to our health we sCInd for the physician.And as the' s,o,ur is rdore, important tha,n the bodJr, mo,r. pr.,.iou*than t,he whole wo,r'ld, it is our highost wisdom tlo,' maku,,Jrrru ourown s,alvat,ion.

If a,nother rea,$on is nerede,d 'w"€r have it in the word, o,f God.This is His co,mma,rd, * Give _diligence." Tho cornmand implie,sthat a,s,sura,nce is po,ssibler. The Church of Rome, teaches that o,nearth a,ssura,nce ca,nno,t b,e a.tt,ained. Such is the po.or co,mf o;rtwhich she give,s to he,r votarie,s a,ft,e,r ail the,ir gioirrg*, the,irattendance on rit,e's uld_ pe,nances. But he,re th; teaitring o,fRome a'nd that of the Bible are in direct o,ppo,sition. God do,e,sno't mo,ctrr His creature,s,. In the command- o,f o,ur text He telleus that a,ssurance' is po,ssib,le. And o,n the sacre,d page we findthe reco'rd o,f ma,ny a Christian, like the Psalmist, inio ?ho,ru lipsthe new song was put :-

Go,o'dne,srs and mercy all my life,Shall sur,ely follo,w ffio, .

And in Go,d's ho,use fo,r overr]r.o,re,My dwe'lling placo shall be.

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Oun Pul,plr. 46L

I.-The two great facts which'should be realised in theexperience of the Christian.

, Eve'ry Ctrristian is callecl. The, call is two*fold. It implie,s aknorvledgu o'f the Gospe,l. That Golsne,l reve,als no,t only orrr ruinblt !it, but .also the glo,rio,us provisio,n made i1 Christ fo,r ournee,d. It bids, us' co,me, and rire,lco,mg a,nd s,h4rs the, b,le,srsings,u'hich He' has purchas'e,d with His o,wn blo,od. A kno,wle,dge o,fthg Gospel is o,ne, o,f the e,sse,ntials of re,ligior. ,, Ho,w shall-theybelie,ve, o,n Him o,f whom thdy ha,vo no,t he,ard ?,, Ig";;o,co o,flhe Gospe'l is o'no o,f the, w€&,pors, with r,vhich Satan ruins, s,o,uls.But the' outr'va'rd call is .ro,t eno,ugh. Vtuoe, it s,o,r all Bible,readers and Go'spel he,a,re,rs would b"e true Christia,ns. B;^;;Jtno'w it is. not, so The, Fharis,erosr who, we,r€r we,ll ve,r,s,e,d in thele'tte'r of t'he la,w, weirie the, bitter €rlLermie,s of Christ". We mustno't o,nl;1 know the' Gospe,I inte,ile,ctually, but, also, b,elievo it,, andaccep_t _thu Sa,vio,ur who, is, the,re reve,aie,d. The Gospe,l urk willr}o't she'lt'e,r us unles,s ws e,nt,e,r in. " He, that be,lieveth o,n thE So,nhath everlasting life." And we must, remernb,e,r that the willing,l'l€'|s*sr th? power to' come, is o,f God. It is the Holy Spirit wliorilake's the Gospe,l mers',sa,ge s,aving in its chara,cte,r. "He,irce, withll. sty{r oj tfe Gospe,l, we mu"st co,mb,ine, depe,ndorc€r on theblessod-Spirit who te,a,chEs all who ask IIis aid, and who is rwealed.as the Spirit o,f gra,co.

I\ote aga,in, the christian is electecL Ag*ins,t this do,ctrine a,no't unco,mTo* pre'judice exists. But o,ilr,opp,o,sitio,n cannotctrange the facts,. Murry have, re,fuse,d to b,elie,ve tha,t the, e,arthrnoYers ro'und the sun. But still it swe,eps fo,rward in it,s o,rbit,.Thl same principle applie's: in t,he ca,se be,fbre us. We, maf dis,likeor dryr the do,ctrine, o,f e,le,ctio,n, but, despite, our oppo.lt,io,n, it,rermains' on thE sa,cre'd page, o,ne o,f the things whicL'c&,fi1o,t b,e,shake'n. Bqt_furthe'r, if t[is do,ctrine is in tfr'e, Bib,le, it, rvas putthere t y ggd Himaelf. 4rd, like, eve,ry othe,r reve,&le,d truth, il isr,vo,rthy o,f its Authorr. rt is good, ,,od de,signed fo,r so,mo impo,r-tant' purpors'€r in t,he, €:cortorrl]y o,f Grac,e,. But w€, ffrusrt guardagainst mistake. We rnusi beqMare, of misplacing this -gintudo'ctr''ine,. As in the templo _o,f so,lomo,n ."try .io,rru had it,splaoe, so in !h.: temple o,f r.e,ve'latio,n eryery truth" ha,s its; p:ositio,n.The _p'la,ce, of the' doct.rine o,f e,le,ctio,n is no,t in the, fo,re,fro,nt o,fl!" 9q*pe'1 merssfl,,ge. It is de,sigllsd no,t fo,r thei se,eker, but, fo,r, t,hgChristian. Are we convinced o,f o.rr s,in a,nd a,nxio,u., io, be s,ays,fl,thern in the',Go'spe'I,_Je,srus, _almighty and full o,f grace,, coimeg a,nrdyys-, " Lo'ok unto, Me and _bg I., save,d." If we, 8"r,€ alre,ady inChrist, tlie,n is it not a truth fuil o,f co,mfo,rt, t,ha,t, wer &ro ,, ch6se,nto salvatio,nr" a,nd the,refo,re ca,rl n€,ve,r pe,rish?

II.-The order in which these facts are verified in theexperience of the Christian.

First our calling, and the,n our ele,ction. And do not, so,lrr-ofall into erro,r heie,? Awakene,d to the,ir sin they [*gi" byaeking, Am r cho,sen, ? Bunyan te,'lls that by this, misf,ake ire, **u

462 Trrn RsponumD PnusBvrEBrAN WttNnss.)

long kept in fe,ar. But this is to, inve'rt the orde,r o'f the, Go,spe'l.In 6,rcle'r o,f the e,co,no,rril of €{race e'le'ct'io'n co'm'es first, and thenour calling. But, the o,i'de'r of their ve,r'ific;a,tion in Christian life'is differeit. Our erle,ct,ion is dis,covere,d, and o$y cu* b'e' dis-co,vere,d, by our calling. Henco, in se,eking to kno'w if_ we' ar'e'save,d, *u *hould not tiy to, a,sce,nd to' he'ave'n and re'a,'d. the' Booko,f Lif"e'. If we do,, *., shuil la,b,o,ur in vain. We, sho,uld cofrre' fa,ceto f'a,ce, wit,h t.he, gpea,t quers,tiorn, Have, ws b'een callerd I havo 'wel1",g,ssiys,fl CSrist; it' He our ho,Pe ? Then, if so', wer frl&y, .like' theEthiopian eunuch, go on orllf way reio'icing-by a, miracle' of$r'flc€r

'we a,re saved.

our t,eurt te,|}s, usi we sho,uld b,e, de'ep,ly co,ncern,e'd. t,o' " makssuro ,, o,ur own s:alvation. we mu5t g"l*d against interpre,tin$iniu Scripture, in a, Iegal spirit. T' inake sure, orur callingtnde,le,ct,io,rr d.o,e,s, no,t i*piy trrat the,se, arer w,o,rks of our own. tlsya,re bo,th -irurl*,* d,f

"gru.u,. " By grace a're ye sr&v€rd'" The'words a,re, a divine .o,rd*uod to, ..*tify to o,urse,lve's, to' s'e'ek fo'r'srride,nce fro,m which we may co,ncludu tnlt we have b'e'e,n calle'd,ancl ttre,r'e,fo,r'e cho,sen t,o salvation. This just conclus'io'n may beba,se,d on o,ur o,wfl consc,io,tlsness. Faith in Christ is an act o'ft,he human s:o,ul r,e,ceivirg and resting on 4i* -foa* s'alvat'io'n.ilii- ;;;ry fact o,f our inier lifs,. it is5 and should b'o, r'eveale'dto our co,ns,ciousne,ss. If we trust-in a fellow-ma,n we'know it, uqdno le,ss truly we sho,uld know if we are trusting in Jesus -onlyfor sah,ati#. The philippian ja,ilor knew it, ut d- r_ejoiced o'nih,

"ury "ight o,f his- .o,n ouiiiorr.

- And the same truth ho'lds go'od

fro,rr. agE t"'u,gut Chrjst co'me's to us in the Go.sP9l: He' o'fferrs t'o'unde,rtako fo,i 11gr, to de,live,r us from sin if we _wi1l o,nly consentto put o,ur .u*u l,nto, His hands and. trust in Him 1'16'nsr fo'r 'ursalva,tion. And we know, or sho'uld kno'w, if -wq believq -Hisworcl and build o,ur rropu'* on this surre fo,unda,t,io,n. And ifthrough gra,ce ws do *,",'th.n,. we, have, the, wa,rrant of His' o'IMnword to, ,4ti.irrg in t\q assurance that we a,r'e in the kingd"ornand he,irs o,f'h*uo[*. " He that believeth on Me hath ewe'r'la,stingttt-,'{oo,he,r

ancl a,rr all-impo,rtant evide,nce iq found in thepossess,ion of tVoe gra,ces 9.f the Sp'i,it' This evide'nce is specially

re,ferre,d to in the irnme,diate, co,nt,e,rt,. " Giving ull diligence, add

i;, ;;;; i.lir, .virt,ue,,, and so, fo,r'th. vie'u',e'd unde,r' ons &,sperct,

the,** u*., ull-i';"il- -rC

ttt. Spirit. They do no,t grow spontanero'uslyin nature'*-b"r*.r, s,oil. lihey u{*, sb' P *ptluk, exo'tics brought'fro,m he,uoe,i*uod p,ranted b; the' sp'irit,

-o'f God in ther s'o'ul"

Henco, rugu*A*a ,rtrd*t a,nothe'f B,Sperct, 'thg'4 &'frer e'VsrJr ons a'n

evide,nce of--gru.* that the so,ul- has pas'sed tro'm death to life'rndividually ";J coilective,ly, they u$o{d t,}u sur.e,st evide'nceo,f our callilig;d uiu.tio*.

" iJut, the chain o'f evidernce wo'uld be'

incompre,t,e^AJ; fail to notice o,no o,f its mo,st impo'rtant links,that, is, ort**d o,bedie,nc,e,. I[: g*e'a't' Apoatle c'f the Gentilesoin .speaking tC n1*1e,If, s,ays, " we wCIr'o so,metimes disobe,dient."Here rr* pirtu rriu finger o,rr orro o,f the mos,t dreadful eff*ct*

o'f

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I

Oun Pulprr. 463

sin, ons o'f the' mo,st pa,tent marks o'f our unsaved state'. Man ha,s,take'n the helm of his life out o'f the' ha,nds o,f C,hrict. He' isr arebgl against Go,d. But the Gospel is a call not only to trustin Go,d a,s our Savio,ur, hut t,o' o,bey Him as o,ur Mas,ter. The,sa,me vo,ics which ta,ys

tt Come'," sa,ys " Follow Me,." And everysa,ve,d o,rle has he,ard &rrd laid to, herart this do,ub,le' call. The, siB,rlrergo,o,d Spirit who, turns our he,a,rt,s to Chri'st flig:po,se,s and ,e,na,ble,srus to turn from sin a,nd ende,avo,ur aft,e'r ne,w ob,e,diencer. Of thistruth the Bible te'e,ms with illustrat,ions. The' faith of Abrahamsho,wed itserlf by works. Thus the Psalmist sings :-

I thought, upon my fo,rme'r wa,JrsrAnd did my life we,ll try,

And to Thy te,stimo,nie,s, purerMy feet then turne,d I.

The wo,rds o,f the, Apostle, Fa,ul ater-((He,r,e,in do I exercise myselfto, ke,erp a, cons,cie'ncer void o,f o'ffe,nce' to,wa,rds God and man." Andt,hgse ancient Christia,ns stand b,efo,r'e us heir,e, asi witness,os:witne'sses to' fhsr grerat truth tha,t, the Christian is sa,ve,d, saMerd fr,o,msin in its guilt and in ita powe,r in his herart and life. And in fact,ssuch as t,he'se', t,ha,t we make it o,ur a,im, de,sire, and pra,yer thatwe _may hate and erscherw evil, and lov,e a,nd fo'llow what is, go,od,we, have, Cbrist's s,e,al set upon o'ur fo,rehe,a,d, an ervid,ernce, o,f ourcalling a,nd erle,ctio,n that may well fll our he,a,rts with joy ando,ur lips 'with prais,e, to, Him who has s,ave'd us.

Doar rea,de,r, ars yo'u srtill uns:ave,d ? Then be, e'ntrea,te,d t6' g'ive'hee,d to the things that be,lo,ng to yo,ur persce, be,fo,r'e, they are, forever hid frorn your e,ye,sr. Go,d has provide,d an a,ll-sufficientSa,vio,ur. You ha,ve the warrant o,f His word fo,r a,c,ce,pting Himas yo'ur Sa,vio,ur. Ho,w will fou e'sc&,po if yo,u negle,ct, so, greiatsalvatio,n ? Are /o,u &, profe,ssor o,f re,ligio,n ? The,n hear and layto, hea,rt the, voice o'f God saying, " Give diligence, to' make, yo,urcalling and ,e'le,ction s,ure," le's,t pe,ra,dve'nt,ure, /oru. ma,y b,g mis-ta.ke,n, whero to' bo mistaken is, to, b,e undone, fo,r' everr.

Four things necess'ary to, co,nstit,ute a, C'hr;is,t'ian. Faith malces

^ Christi an ; lif e proaes a, Clhristian ; trials, conf,rm a, Christi an ;

de,ath croLuns a Christian.Ther crus,a,de,rs' o,f o,ld us€rd to' b,e,a,r a, painte,d cro,ss upon their

sho,ulders,. It is to, be' fga,re,d. that.man;1 anoo,r]gst, ,o,urse,lve,s ta,ke,up cros,se's which s,it just a,s, lightly-things of o,rname,nt, pass=port,s to' ro,sFOrctability che,ap subst,itute, fo,r 8,, strugg'le wene'ver ma,de, and a, crown which we rr€,verf strover fo,r.

The church w&s built to, dis,turb the pe,ace o,f man; but o,ften itdoes not pe,rfo'rm its duty fo,n fear of disturb,iog the pe,a,ce o,f the,chur,ch. What kind o'f artillery practice would tha,t, be whichdeclined to' fir'e' fo'r fe'ar o,f kicking o'verr the, gun carriage, o,r wakirgup the s,erntine,ls asle,ep at their po,stsi?

464 Trrn Rnronmnp PnnsslrrnRrAN Wttxnss.

for tbe Doung." B,ty without mo'ney."-Isaiah lv. 1.

re,ce,ivE."-Ivfatt. vii. 7 ." Ask and ye shall

Tlie first o,f the,se two t,ext,s is fro,m tlr.e pen o'f Isaiah, the, se,co,ndis fro'rn the' lips of Christ" The, o,rlo is, fro,m the Old Te'st,ament,arrd the, o,the,r is fro'm the' New I and like two rll€rssrertge'rs theyrneet and jo'in ha,nds in the pro,cla,matio,n of the s&.ffie Gospel truth.The ble,ssings of the grerat salvatio'n a,re fr'e,e,. They are o,f suchinfinite' value that they canno,t bo wo,n by any wo,rke, of orurs o'rpurchasEd by any price, that we could pa,y. Ye't ws are to' beiit* e,ager purchasers in the ea,rne,st de,s,ire to o,btain them, and inthe wiiiingtesl to, pl1t, with all we ltave' sor B's to como intopo,ss,€rssro,n of the,rn.

- We are co,rrrmanded, t,he,re'fore, to- buy the,m,

tut no,t, with money; mo,ney co,uld no't, buy the'm, and they_ havezrlready be,e,n bought with a price' o,f infinite, worth-the blo,od thatJe,sus shed orr Calvary. We, must come to, Je'sus eage'rly a,s if wewo,uld. bry, b,ut wer mu,st co,mer asking', and tfren we, shall re'ceive,.

Clara Barton, fo,unde,r o,f the Ame,rican, Natio,na,l Re'd Cro'ss, hasre,ce,ntly publishe,d. a bo,ok e,nt,itle,d, .,' A Sto'ry_ o'f the' Red Cro'ss,"tli whilh- s,he re'lat,ers, the fo,ilo,wing incide,nt t,hat occurred in here,xpe,rierrlce,s jn Cuba, during the, Spanish-Arnerican \[a1 ;-

:' Itr,a,rly in tho doy therJ ca,me t,o o,ur irnprovised headqua,rte'r's1,rr office,r in unifoim showing hard servicer, B',fId a, b'and'a,nna'Jra,ndkerchie,f hanging from his hat to pro,t,e,ct the back o,f 'hishe,ad and nech fro"tn

"t,n* fi"orce, rays o'f the sun. It wa,s Colo'nel

Ito,o.se,v.edt, a,nd we weir:e ver)r glad to me,e,t, the' gallant, lea,de'r' o'fthe " Ilo,ugh Ride,r's." After a fle'w rno'm'e'nt'S' co'nvetrs'a'tio'n heszrid-' I liave, so,me sick nlen with my regime,nt, who refus'e' toleave it. They n€€,d such de,licacie,s as y_ou hav'e h'e'r'e', which Iurrr re,ady t,o, p"y fo,r out o,f my own_po6 ut. - Cln-I bYy themfrorrr the lle,d lCro,ss,?' ' Not, fo,i a, million do'Ilars,' Dr. Ga,r'dine'rreplied . 'But my mon ne,e,d the,s'e things,'- h? sa,id, his' to'ne andface expressing anxie,tF. ' I t,hink a, gr,e,at, de,al _o'f py mern.. r a,mproud of tft**l ' ( And we kno'w they_ale' proud of Yo,u. But, w€rlan't sell Re,d Cro,ss supp'1ie,s',' a,nswe'red Dr. Ga'r'dne'r' 'The'n ho'w;;; I get thern ? r tnust rrqyq prolqer {*oi fo'r my sick me'n,' he'said. 'Just ask fttr thern, Cotinefl'said fir. Gardner' 'Oh,'hesaid, tris face, *ndd.*ly lighting wjt'h -a bright smil'e', ' the'n I do'*sk for ttre,m.' ' All righi, Colonel, what lgr yo'ur list'?'

{

' I\ow, C'o,lo,ne,l, when -*ill you-se,nd for the'se'.gupplies'?' aske'd

Dr. Gardner. , They .will be ready any time.' ' I:e'nd m.er a sracltand I,ll tatrre t5e,m iigt t along,' he, an,swe,r'e,d, with characte'risticdecisilon. I)r. GardnJ,r a,t, o,nc,e' looke,d ,tp a s,ack, and tttq fiIledit rnust have, lre,Id a, go,o,d many po,unds' o.f sup'p'li'e'*.. Befo'rer wshad recoveir.e,d fro,rn our surprisb, ihu incide'nt was clo's'e'd Fy t'ftt'futurE Pre,side,nt o,f ther United State's, slinging t'!u IiS. s'ack oYerlis s6oulders,-striding off and o,ut o,f sight t,hro,ugh the jungle."

Fon rHE YouNc.. 'fhe supplie,s o,f the, Re,d Cros,'s canno,t be bo,ughl, _thE[ a,re to

be had tof tne' .asking. So Josus sa,)rs co,nce,rning the bles,singsof the great salvatio,n, " Ask a'nd. yo shall receive'."

,, Witho,ut, me ye ca,n do no,thing."-John xv. 5 I can do, allthings through Christ."-Phil. iv. 13.

The,se two te,xt,s a,rie the co,mple'rrre,nt o,f €,&,Ch other. The' firsttells us how pobr and helpless we ate2 t,he' se,co,nd te'lls us how wema,y beco,me- rich and stio,ng. Witho,ut Christ ws are no'thing,Itaie nothing, can do nothing. Witho'ut Christ we &rg p'o'o'r,undono sinne'rs. With Christ5 o,r with Christ in a,nd fo'r us, 'w€b,e,como precio,us in God's sight, have a' right t'o a,11 richee, andar.e e,nddwEd with grace which ,e'na,b,le,s us to re,nder acceptab'le'service. We may do*pa** man by naturE to_ap instrume,nt ofrrrusic, maimed ana so,tlle,ss, lying o,n a ghs'lf. Tako, fo'r exampLe',Lt, vio'lin, the instrument from nvhich the' swe'e'te'st o'f aII musicc&n bo pro,d.uce,d I unle,s,s it be i,n the' ha,nd o'f a mast'e'{ it iS' no'Lts,o. nlt if in the hand" o,f a m&,ste,f, 'evern though it may beinrpe,rfe,ct it,self, the music that can b,e, drawn fro'm it is w'o'nde'rfu1.Iraga,nini ha,s be,en leckone,d t,he' greiate$t pe'rfo,rrrler on t,he' vio'linttrJt ,ever live,d, a,rrd a, story was na,rrat,ed of him by a sp'e'akerat t6e recent d.iamond jubile,e of the Sco,ttish Te'mpe,rance Leaguewhich witl b,e,ar repeating. It ma,y he,lp to illustrate o'ur t,exts.He was fulfilling *; enguigeme,nt, in Lon,do,n and giving the' who'le'pro,gra,mme hirise'lf, uid-thut* ca,ryq a, point whe're' o'ne'| of thertriig* o,f the fiddle snappod. He did not s'toP' qlqXilg, howeve'r,and f,efore lo'ng snap we'nt ano't,he'r string.-- Still he' we'il t' onplaying, and utiup wbnt the third otring. T'he'n there' w&,s' onlyb*u stiing left on the fiddle'. The, audie,nce ro's,€' in resrernt'ment',a,nd said th.y did no,t, co'lno to, he,ar' &, ma,n p't?y o'|.n u- maime'dfiddle,. Pag#ini halte,d, fo'r the mo'rl€'Ift removing l'19 b,ow fro'mthe violin, i"it,n quivering voice and in broke,n English he' ma,dohis app.,ul to, the audie,ncl--" L,a,die,s s,nd Shentlermernsi, von_ stringand baganini is enough." And then on that oln€'| string.he dis'co,uf's0,d]such mus,ic, as*that audienc'e' had ne'Yerr he'ard. Which isa parable,. What ar'e, the, b,erst of us but fe,e'ble' instrume'nt's, and,ruoy o,f us in pe,culia,r serns,ers, &,f€, maime'd instrume'nt's-o'f llo'zr,cco,Lnt,. But if we are willing t,o put, ours'e'lve's into' the' handsr o'fthe gre,at, Ma,ste,r Musician, H;' will bring rnusic out, o'f o'ur live'sthat will b,e, to His praise, t,o, all et'e'rnity. It wa's in that spiritthat Paul said, " i ca,n d.o' a,ll thing's thro'ugh Christ, whostrengtheneth mCI'."

Answers to Questions in November Number.l{o,. xxvlll.-Cain and Abe'l (Ge'n. iv. 2-8) ; EslY and Jaco'b

(G.". xxvii. 4I-+5) ; Saul and. David (l s1q. xx. 10,13)_; Naa,manarrd Elisha (2 Kings v. 11, L2); Asa, and Hanani (2 c_!r.on. xvi.i-iO) ; TJzziih urti Lzatiah (z Chro'n. xxvi. 16-1 9) ; Nebuchad-,rurri,* a,nd. the magicians (Dari. xi. l-18); Jo'nah a,nd the I'{ine'vit'es'(Jonah iv. 1-11); ile,rod and the wiso"me,n fro,m the e,as't @att.;i. i6i ; the hiffi prie'st with the Sadducean se,ct,ion o,f the San-

46-0

hgdrim, 'a,nd..!i q Apostle,s (Acts v. 17 , 1B). I{o,. xxx.-Josiah(2 xings yjii. -25) ;.lL- son of Amo,n (2'KinEs xxi, 20-22) ; thefather of Je,ho a,haz (V 5i"gu xxiii. J2) ;' Ahaz (2 Kings xvi.' 2-4) ;tlre so,n of Jotham (z Kings xrr. gq ; inu father o,f "H,ea ekiah (iKings xviii. 3-7).

466 'Irrn Rnponmnp PnnsevrERrAN \Mlrwpss.

Bible Questions for December.No. XXX.

'Mong the' many wise s,ayings of So,lo,mo,rl,Tthe,re''sr o,ns o,f gr.e,at practical use,

Int,e'rfe'r'e in the qua,rre,ls o,f o,the,rs5Yo,u'Il like,ly reap bitte,r ab,use,.

No. XXXI.So,me, wo,rds in the Bib'le, are obs,o,lete now,

Not us,€,d as they w;erre lo,ng ago.tr'o,r instance,, th,e,re's " !e,L " that in erve,ry duy usg

Now rnea,ns to,permit, o,r allo,w.In _the daysl o,f King James it wa,s, different quite,Its me,a,ning was, the,n to prevent,.We,ll, mentio,n fo,ur place,s in which we will find

Tlrat t,o, hinder is what the wo,rd nlera,lrt.

I{o. XXXIIAmo,ng t,he_tribe's o,f Is;ra,orlr from Jacob tha,t, did s,pring,

Was, ofrer t,ha,t neiverr ca,m,g t,o, fame!And nerr'e'r won an hono,ure,d rr&,mer,

And r:ov€r' co,uld a he,ro bo,a,s,t,, o,r prophe,t, judg,e', o,r king.If you r,e,a,d yo,ur Bible,s we,ll,Yo,u'Il kno,w what tribe co,uld not exce,l.

Ho,p* is lihs the s,urrr which, as we jo,urnry to,wa,r,dS it, ca,sts the,shador,v o,f our burden be'hind us.

In a,rrcie,nt, time,s a, cele,brat,ed a,r'tist made, a, rrro,st, wonde'rfulshie'ld, and worke,d his, own na,me into, it so, that it co,uld not b:ere,ilooy€,d witho,ut des,t,ro,ying the, shield. It is just s,o, with the,Bible and Christ.

In a Chine,se Christian farnil;r at Arnoy a little, b,o,F, on askinghis fathe,r to, allow him to be, baptised, was told that hs wa,s too,young; that he' might fall back if he made, a, p:ro,fesrsion whe,n he,wa,s only a boy. To t,his he, rna,de the' reply-,-" Je,sus has, pro,misedto carry the' lamb,s' in His a,rms. I arn only a little boy; it willbe e,a.,sie'r fo,r IIim to, carry rne,." This logic was t,o,o, much fo,r thefathe'r. He' took him with him, and the child was e,re, longbaptised.

Crrrtncn I{nws.

0burcb 'NIletpg.467

THu Joirrt Re,fo,rrned Pre,sbyte,rie,s' of Fdinburgh and Glasgow meet,int}reusuaIplaceo,nthe7thinst.a.t12o,c1ock.

It, ha,s be,e,n a,rranged by Syno,d's Minist,e,ri,al Aid Clo,mmittee'that a social me'e,tingb,f the frie,nds and s,uppo,rters o,f this sche,me,and the' o,the,r scheriEs o,f the, Church will

^be he'ld in the, Mikado

'l'ea Roorns , 2L+ Ja,ma,ica Stree,t, Gla,sg'o*v, o,n the' evening o,fThursday, 15th surf.-f,s,a o,n t,he table at 6.30. T'he' chair willbe o,ccupie'd by t,lL