PASSA - Humanitarian Library · PASSA Methodology A group of willing community members is chosen to...
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www.ifrc.org Saving lives, changing minds. PASSA PASSA (Participatory Approach for Safe Shelter Awareness) Sandra D’ Urzo, Senior Officer , Shelter & Settlements department, IFRC, Geneva Irantzu Serra Lasa, Shelter Advisor, International Programs, American Red Cross
Transcript of PASSA - Humanitarian Library · PASSA Methodology A group of willing community members is chosen to...
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA PASSA (Participatory Approach for Safe Shelter Awareness)
Sandra D’ Urzo, Senior Officer , Shelter & Settlements department, IFRC, Geneva
Irantzu Serra Lasa, Shelter Advisor, International Programs, American Red Cross
www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA
The Nature of a participatory
Approach…
Tell me, I’ll forget.
Show me, I may remember
But involve me, and I’ll understand.
Chinese proverb
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PASSA What is PASSA?
PASSA (Participatory Approach to Safe Shelter Awareness)
Is a participatory tool aimed at raising the understanding of safer shelter
practices within a community.
PASSA can be used as a participatory methodology for disaster risk
reduction in the shelter sector, and can also be used in a post-
disaster context to identify priority needs and build capacity within
the community enabling them to plan for change within their wider
neighborhood and specific shelter practices.
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA Background: why PASSA?
Developed to strengthen the 'software' component of
shelter/reconstruction programs
Participatory method of awareness raising on shelter safety
A programming tool that complements VCA (vulnerability/capacity
assessments – RC entry tool to communities)
Enables community management of safe practices to express their
demands and solve shelter/settlements related problems.
Developed from PHAST (WATSAN) and field tested in Uganda 2009
and Bangladesh 2010, and launched in Haiti in 2011.
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PASSA Highlights (From PASSA launch in Haiti)
Active participation of men and women in the
three community PASSA groups
Volunteers' facilitation role and technical
guidance well received
Positive dynamic between PASSA groups and
other community members
Detailed plans of action in all three communities
including activities (fundraising, lobbying, action
committees) leading to shelter improvements
(raising floors, anchors, bracing etc.).
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PASSA PASSA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=ivC9Dr-FXyE
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA Methodology
A group of willing community members is chosen to form
the PASSA group, briefed on the process, time and
responsibilities it might cover.
Volunteers' facilitation role and technical guidance to
the PASSA group.
The PASSA group attends a series of eight meetings
during which they work through the PASSA activities.
Use of participatory methods using drawings, stories
and objects to encourage the participation of all
members.
PASSA group interacts with the rest of the community
in between meetings.
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA stakeholders
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA Group
The PASSA group has between 30-40 persons that are part of
the community, it is formed with a mix of people from
different background, age, gender, education, income level,
occupation, owners and renters, etc that widely represents the
community
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
PASSA Drawings
A local artist produces sets of drawings that
are based on the community building
practices and habitat, these drawings are
adapted to the needs identified by the PASSA
group and used through all the PASSA process
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
PASSA Drawings (Haiti lessons learned)
The drawings that were developed often
showed complete houses representing‘safe
shelter’.
Due to the technical knowledge needed for
seismic construction, they needed to be broken
down into smaller steps and an approach to
construction and repair needed to be discussed
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA activities
1- Historical profile (and every day problems)
2- Community Mapping and Community visits
3- Impact and frequency of Hazards
4- Safe and Unsafe Shelter
5 -Options for Solutions
6 -Planning for Change
7- Problem Box
8- Monitoring Plan
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
Activity 1 – Historical profile (and every day problems)
The historical profile helps to understand the different
events that caused any impact on the community and
reasons for its vulnerabilities.
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
Activity 1 – Historical profile (and every day problems)
Problems faced Vulnerabilities
Not consolidated roofs Rain/ Strong winds/ Hurricane (leaks in Roof)
Lack of drainage/sewage
staignant water
Diseases malaria/typhoids/cholera/diarrhoea
Debris/Abandoned
unstable houses
Trafic congestion/ access/ deposit of waste in abandoned
houses
Lack of health center nor
medical support
No first Aid
Blackout and insecurity-
no reliable electricity
Use of insecure electrical connections that can cause
fires and death / lack of lightning at night is a security
threat
Lack of leisure Frustrated and stressed population
Lack of latrines Human waste is disposed of in black plastic bags that are
left out in the open; health risk
Drinking water supply Unreliable water from CANMEP, and wasting of water
due to pipe damage on the streets
Restricted access Challenges fast and efective evacuation in the event of
fire or earthquake
Tents Subject to winds / fire/ direct transmission of heat
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA activities
1- Historical profile (and every day problems)
2- Community Mapping and Community visits
3- Impact and frequency of Hazards
4- Safe and Unsafe Shelter
5 -Options for Solutions
6 -Planning for Change
7- Problem Box
8- Monitoring Plan
www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
Activity 2 – Community mapping and Community visits
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA activities
1- Historical profile (and every day problems)
2- Community Mapping and Community visits
3- Impact and frequency of Hazards
4- Safe and Unsafe Shelter
5 -Options for Solutions
6 -Planning for Change
7- Problem Box
8- Monitoring Plan
www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
Activity 3:
Impact and Frecuency of Hazards
Frequency
Impact
Very Unlikely
Sometimes
Very Likely
Big Impact Earthquake Flooding
Medium Impact -Fire
- Cholera
-Political Outbreaks
(Coupd’État)
- Cyclon (Hurricane)
-Debris (lack/bad gestion)
-Restricted access
-Damaged pipes
-Wrong use of the canal
- Latrines(lack, poor maintenance)
-Tents/ bad shelter
-Theft
Very Limited
Impact
-Collapse of damaged
house
-Car Accidents
-Rape and SEA
-Swampy soil
-Unhealthy and congested market
-Lack of gutters
-Lack of public lighting and
electricity
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA activities
1- Historical profile (and every day problems)
2- Community Mapping and Community visits
3- Impact and frequency of Hazards
4- Safe and Unsafe Shelter
5 -Options for Solutions
6 -Planning for Change
7- Problem Box
8- Monitoring Plan
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA Activity 4: Safe and unsafe shelter
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA activities
1- Historical profile (and every day problems)
2- Community Mapping and Community visits
3- Impact and frequency of Hazards
4- Safe and Unsafe Shelter
5 -Options for Solutions
6 -Planning for Change
7- Problem Box
8- Monitoring Plan
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
Feasiblility
Effectiveness
Very Difficult
Moderately difficult
Very Easy
Very Effective
Moderately
Effective
Not effective
Activity 5 – Options for solutions
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA activities
1- Historical profile (and every day problems)
2- Community Mapping and Community visits
3- Impact and frequency of Hazards
4- Safe and Unsafe Shelter
5 -Options for Solutions
6 -Planning for Change
7- Problem Box
8- Monitoring Plan
www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
Problem Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase 5 Solution
Debris
Management
Sensibilization
Improve
Infrastructure around debris management and related capacity
Creation of a new system for debris
management s
Follow up and
maintenance of new system
Engagement with
local authorities and request for support
Good debris
management, and the area is
clean
Activities 1. Hygiene Promotion 2. 3.
Activities 1. Training and Capacity building 2. 3.
Activities 1. Collection and
debris dumping .
Activities 1. Punctual verification of collection and debris dumping 2. 3.
Activities 1. 2. 3.
Resources needed Existing Capacity Responsibilities
Resources needed Existing Capacity Responsibilities
Resources needed Existing Capacity Responsibilities
Resources needed Existing Capacity Responsibilities
Resources needed Existing Capacity Responsibilities
Activity 6: Planning for change –
Community Action Plan- Example
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA PASSA activities
1- Historical profile (and every day problems)
2- Community Mapping and Community visits
3- Impact and frequency of Hazards
4- Safe and Unsafe Shelter
5 -Options for Solutions
6 -Planning for Change
7- Problem Box
8- Monitoring Plan
www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA Activity 7: Problem Box
Identify possible problems in implementing the plan to make
improvements in shelter safety
Seek solutions to these problems
Identify possible changes needed in the plan
Problems the group can deal
by itself without changing
the plan
Problems the group can deal
by itself with changes in the
plan
Problems that cannot be
solved by the group but can
be solved with outside help
Problems for which the group
cannot think of a solution,
even with outside help
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PASSA Pitfalls!
Facilitation role and technical advice…..not control over the
process!
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PASSA Questions regarding the wider application of
PASSA
Stillat‘startingblocks’:how to disseminate widely and get the buy-in from
our RC National Societies and other actors?
Are Community Action Plans (CAP) realistic? How to prioritize actions?
How do we meet expectations of communities if no shelter/recovery
programmes are in pipeline?
How to avoid over-loading the communities with DRR tools
(shelter/watsan/health)?
Is PASSA effective in urban environments? What if there is no
construction expertise?
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PASSA Next steps for PASSA
Explore other potential partnerships outside RC Global Network (IOM,
InterAction,UN-Habitat etc).
Look for additional resources to
(i) organize regional trainings in 2012 and
(ii) organize global level training (ToT) 2012-13.
> create a pool of resource people (after the ToT).
Finalize the translations in both FR and SP (ongoing)
Link PASSA to upcoming risk reduction initiatives and CBDRR, both at
regional and country level. Link to potential donors (ie. DIPECHO, who fund
regional activities/programs)
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PASSA NEXT STEPS for PASSA
MobilizeIFRC’sReferencecentreforcommunity-based capacity building in
Costa Rica to accredit the PASSA training and get support on training
dissemination.
Finalize the partnership with Habitat for Humanity in the Americas
Following the Nicaragua training (IFRC/HfH) , define priority countries
where both HfH and NSs implement DRR programs. Roll out PASSA in
communities and continue joint trainings.
Continue investment in communities where PASSA has been effective, using
this as an advocacy tool to push for community based risk reduction
policies.
Monitor/capitalize on the experiences and trainings.
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA
‘’Development…is real changes in the lives
of real people eager to improve their own
conditions, if only they get a real chance’.
Kofi Annan, NY Times, March 19th, 2002.
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Saving lives, changing minds.
PASSA Questions ?
